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Xu L, Haitao R, Li Z. Application of Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography Combined With BRAFV600E Mutation for the Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Ultrasound Q 2023; 39:199-205. [PMID: 37543733 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This prospective study aimed to investigate the combination of shear wave elastography (SWE) and BRAFV600E mutation testing for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). One hundred thyroid nodules with an American College of Radiology thyroid imaging reporting and data system classification of 4 or 5 were subjected to SWE measurement, BRAFV600E genotyping, fine-needle aspiration, and surgery. Nonparametric statistical tests were used to compare the differences in the elastic parameters and BRAF genotypes between benign and malignant thyroid nodules of PTC, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to compare the diagnostic efficacy. In addition, the correlations between elastic parameters and BRAFV600E mutation in PTC were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The SWE, BRAFV600E, and their combination exhibited sensitivities of 72.9%, 81.3%, and 85.4%, respectively, and specificities of 66.7%, 90.3%, and 86.5%, respectively, in the diagnosis of PTC ( P < 0.05). The SWE, BRAFV600E, and their combination exhibited sensitivities of 50.0%, 24.1% and 56.3%, respectively, and specificities of 89.7%, 87.5% and 82.8%, respectively, in the diagnosis of central cervical lymph node metastasis ( P < 0.05). The combined use of SWE and BRAFV600E detection had the largest area under the curve, indicating that this combination is more effective in diagnosing PTC and lymph node metastasis in the central region than either method alone. Furthermore, Emax was positively associated with the BRAFV600E genotype. In conclusion, the combination of SWE and BRAFV600E genotype detection can improve the diagnostic efficacy for PTC. Emax can predict the BRAFV600E mutation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Haitao
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Laschinsky C, Theurer S, Herold T, Rawitzer J, Weber F, Herrmann K, Brandenburg T, Führer-Sakel D, Fendler WP, Weber M. Molecular Markers Are Associated with Onset of Radioiodine Refractoriness in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:1865-1868. [PMID: 37884333 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset of radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinoma (RR-TC) is a negative predictor of survival and has been linked to the presence of BRAFV600E mutations in papillary thyroid cancer. We aimed to identify further genetic alterations associated with RR-TC. Methods: We included 38 patients with papillary thyroid cancer who underwent radioiodine imaging and 18F-FDG PET/CT after total thyroidectomy. The molecular profile was assessed by next-generation sequencing. The time to the onset of RR-TC for different genetic alterations was compared using the log-rank test. Results: The median onset to RR-TC was 0.7 and 19.8 mo in patients with and without, respectively, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations (P = 0.02) and 1.7 and 19.8 mo in patients with and without, respectively, a tumor protein 53 mutation (P < 0.01). This association was not observed for BRAFV600E mutations (P = 0.49). Conclusion: Our data show a significant association between the onset of RR-TC and mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter and tumor protein 53, indicating the need for a more extensive diagnostic workup in these patients. Certain genetic changes put patients with thyroid cancer at risk of developing cancer spread that does not respond to radioiodine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Laschinsky
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sarah Theurer
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Herold
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Josefine Rawitzer
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank Weber
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany; and
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tim Brandenburg
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer-Sakel
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
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Park J, An S, Kim K, Bae JS, Kim JS. BRAF V600E Positivity-Dependent Effect of Age on Papillary Thyroid Cancer Recurrence Risk. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5395. [PMID: 38001654 PMCID: PMC10670702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BRAFV600E positivity is associated with increased aggressiveness of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and age is an important prognostic factor. However, the association between age and BRAFV600E positivity and the recurrence risk has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the impact of age on recurrence between patients with BRAFV600E-positive and -negative PTC. Patients with PTC who underwent initial thyroid surgery between January 2010 and December 2018 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (Seoul, Republic of Korea) were retrospectively reviewed. The BRAFV600E-positive (n = 1768) and BRAFV600E-negative groups (n = 428) were divided into two subgroups: younger (<35 years) and older groups (≥55 years). In the BRAFV600E-positive group, the younger group exhibited higher lymphatic and vascular invasion rates, more positive lymph nodes, higher lymph node ratios, and higher recurrence rates than the older group (5.9% vs. 2.1%). Multivariate analysis revealed that age, lymphatic invasion, and N category were significant risk factors in the BRAFV600E-positive group. In the BRAFV600E-positive group, the younger group had a higher recurrence risk than the older group (OR, 2.528; 95% confidence interval, 1.443-4.430; p = 0.001). In the BRAFV600E-negative group, age had no impact on recurrence risk. These results contribute to tailored treatment strategies and informed patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kwangsoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.B.); (J.S.K.)
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Tri BDM, Chi BDP, Hiep BT, Trung NH, Minh TD, Dung NTN, Bui TD, Tran VQ, Nguyen HT. Relationship of Recurrence Rate with some Characteristics in Patients with Thyroid Carcinoma. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 27:544-551. [PMID: 38371183 PMCID: PMC10871007 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_134_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Determining the clinical and subclinical characteristics related to the recurrence status in patients with a thyroid carcinoma has great significance for prognosis, prediction of recurrence and monitoring of treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association between recurrence rate and some characteristics in patients with thyroid carcinoma. Patients and Methods The study was conducted by descriptive method with longitudinal follow-up on 102 thyroid carcinoma patients at 103 Military Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, from July 2013 to December 2016. Results Univariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between the recurrence characteristics in the studied patients and the characteristics of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.026; OR = 15; 95% CI = 1.4-163.2) and BRAF V600E mutation status (P = 0.01; OR = 3.41; 95% CI = 1.31-8.88). When analysing the multivariable Logistic regression model, there was a positive correlation between the occurrence of BRAF V600E gene mutation (P = 0.032; OR = 17.649; 95% CI = 1.290-241.523) and male sex (P = 0.036; OR = 12.788; 95% CI = 1.185-137.961) and the occurrence of recurrence in study patients. The mean time to relapse was earlier in male patients than in female patients (P = 0.02). The mean time to relapse in patients with the BRAF V600E mutation (31.81 ± 1.14 months) was shorter than the mean time to relapse in the group without the mutation (57.82 ± 2.08 months) (P = 0.01). The group of patients with mutations in the BRAF V600E gene increased the risk of recurrence compared with the group without the mutation (HR = 9.14, P = 0.04). Conclusion There is a positive correlation between recurrence and masculinity, lymph node metastasis and the occurrence of BRAF V600E mutations in thyroid carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bui D. M. Tri
- Centre for Health Professionals Training, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bui D. P. Chi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bui T. Hiep
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacy, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen H. Trung
- Department of Military Hygiene, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tong D. Minh
- Department of Military Hygiene, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Thanh D. Bui
- Military Medical Hospital 175, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Viet Q. Tran
- Military Medical Hospital 175, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hiep T. Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Bui Dang Minh T, Nghiem Duc T, Phan Nguyen Thanh V, Dinh Le T, Duc Tong M, Hoang Nguyen T, Tuan AL, Xuan Nguyen K, Tran Viet T, Ba Ta T, Tien Nguyen S, Anh Vu H, Van Nguyen B, Nguyen Thi Ngoc D, Tran Quoc V, Bui Duc T. Relationships of BRAF V600E Gene Mutation With Some Immunohistochemical Markers and Recurrence Rate in Patients With Thyroid Carcinoma. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2023; 17:11795549231203503. [PMID: 37905233 PMCID: PMC10613351 DOI: 10.1177/11795549231203503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The B-type rafkinase (BRAF) V600E gene mutation plays an important role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma. This study was conducted to investigate the rate of the BRAF V600E mutation, the relationships between the BRAF V600E gene mutation and some immunohistochemical markers, and recurrence rate in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Method The study was conducted by a descriptive and longitudinal follow-up method on 102 thyroid carcinoma patients at 103 Military Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. All patients were identified with the BRAF V600E gene mutation by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results The rate of BRAF V600E gene mutation in patients with thyroid cancer was 60.8%. Patients with BRAF V600E gene mutation had a significantly higher rate of positive cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and Ki67 markers than those without the mutation (COX-2: odds ratio [OR] = 2.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27-6.74, P = .011; Ki67: OR = 3.41; 95% CI = 1.31-8.88, P = .01). A statistically significant relationship was identified between the rate of BRAF V600E mutation and the rate of positive Hector Battifora mesothelial 1 (HBME-1) (B = -1.040; P = .037) and COX-2 (B = -1.123; P = .023) markers. The recurrence rate in patients with BRAF V600E gene mutation was significantly higher than that in those without the mutation (P = .007). The mean of the recurrence time of patients with BRAF V600E mutation was significantly lower than that in those without the mutation (P = .011). Conclusions A high prevalence of BRAF V600E gene mutation was found in thyroid carcinoma patients. The rates of positive HBME-1, COX-2, and Ki67 markers were significantly correlated to BRAF V600E gene mutation. Patients with BRAF V600E gene mutation showed a significantly higher relapse rate and earlier relapse time than those without the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri Bui Dang Minh
- Centre for Health Professionals Training, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Hochiminh, Vietnam
| | - Thuan Nghiem Duc
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vietnam Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Phan Nguyen Thanh
- Department of Biochemistry, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Hochiminh, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Dinh Le
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Vietnam Military Hospital 103, Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Duc Tong
- Department of Military Hygiene, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Military Hygiene, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Le Tuan
- Department of Military Hygiene, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kien Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Military Medical Command and Organization, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Tran Viet
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thang Ba Ta
- Respiratory Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Son Tien Nguyen
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Vietnam Military Hospital 103, Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hai Anh Vu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vietnam Military Hospital 103, Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ba Van Nguyen
- Department of Oncology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Nguyen Thi Ngoc
- Department of Military Science and Training, Military Hospital 175, Hochiminh, Vietnam
| | - Viet Tran Quoc
- Intensive Care Unit, Military Hospital 175, Hochiminh, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Bui Duc
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Military Hospital 175, Hochiminh, Vietnam
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Nechifor-Boilă A, Zahan A, Bănescu C, Moldovan V, Piciu D, Voidăzan S, Borda A. Impact of BRAFV600E Mutation on Event-Free Survival in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study in a Romanian Population. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4053. [PMID: 37627081 PMCID: PMC10452493 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of BRAFV600E mutation in a series of 127 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases as a single factor, and in synergic interaction with other standard risk factors. BRAFV600E mutation was assessed by real-time PCR. Event-free survival (EFS) was calculated between the date of the first evaluation and the date of occurrence of an adverse event or the date of the last known status. The prevalence of BRAFV600E mutation was 57.2%. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant reduction of EFS among cases harboring BRAFV600E mutation compared to non-mutated cases (p = 0.010). In addition, BRAFV600E mutation was found to better predict adverse outcomes when associated with the following risk factors: age ≥ 55 years old (p < 0.001), male gender (p < 0.001), conventional (p = 0.005) and tall cell (p = 0.014) histology, tumor size > 40 mm (p = 0.001), extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.001), multifocality (p = 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, a 3.74-fold increased risk for a reduced EFS (p = 0.018) was found for BRAFV600E-mutated cases, but no increased risk was further confirmed by multivariate analysis. Our results highlight that BRAFV600E mutation cannot be used alone as an independent predictive factor in PTC patients, but is prognostically valuable if integrated in the context of other clinicopathological risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Nechifor-Boilă
- Department of Histology, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Targu-Mures Clinical County Hospital, 28 First December 1918 Street, 540061 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ancuţa Zahan
- Department of Histology, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Claudia Bănescu
- Department of Genetics, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Valeriu Moldovan
- Department of Genetics, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Doina Piciu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, “Ion Chiricuţă” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Septimiu Voidăzan
- Department of Epidemiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Angela Borda
- Department of Histology, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mureș, 38th Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Targu-Mureș Emergency County Hospital, 50 Gh. Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
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Swan KZ, Madsen SH, Bonnema SJ, Nielsen VE, Jespersen ML. Preoperative BRAF V600E mutation detection in thyroid carcinoma by immunocytochemistry. APMIS 2022; 130:627-636. [PMID: 35951496 PMCID: PMC9804421 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The BRAFV600E (BRAF) mutation is present in 40-50% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and has been associated with more aggressive clinicopathological characteristics of PTC. The aim of this study was to evaluate different methods for preoperative identification of the BRAF mutation in PTC using cytological and histological specimens. Prospectively collected preoperative cytological clots from patients with suspected PTC were tested with BRAF immunocytochemistry (ICC) and the Cobas Test (PCR). In addition, histological specimens were tested with BRAF immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the Cobas Test. All nodules were histologically examined. Fifty-three patients were included in the study. Complete mutation testing was available in 32 patients. The main reason for exclusion was insufficient cell content in the cytological specimen. Twenty-seven nodules were histologically diagnosed as PTC, and 41% (n = 11) of PTCs were BRAF ICC positive. All non-PTC nodules were negative by BRAF ICC. In 26 nodules, all four BRAF tests were concordant, while discordant test results were found in six nodules. ICC was in accordance with the consensus BRAF status in five of these nodules, while BRAF status was undetermined in one nodule. BRAF ICC showed high concordance with the Cobas Test and a low rate of false negative stain. These results indicate that BRAF ICC may be a feasible method for preoperative detection of the BRAFV600E mutation in patients with PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Zøylner Swan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck SurgeryAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
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Xu C, Fang J, Li W, Sun C, Li Y, Lowe S, Bentley R, Chen S, He C, Li X, Wang B, Yin C, Li W, Li W. Construction and validation of BRAF mutation diagnostic model based on ultrasound examination and clinical features of patients with thyroid nodules. Front Genet 2022; 13:973272. [PMID: 36160023 PMCID: PMC9498827 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.973272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) is currently the most popular method for identifying benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However, its diagnostic sensitivity is sometimes limited, which makes it necessary to apply genetic testing and other modalities as a secondary diagnostic method. The diagnostic accuracy of thyroid nodule can be improved by combining mutations in the B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) with FNA. Thus, this study was conducted to create a nomogram diagnostic model based on the clinical and ultrasonic characteristics of patients with BRAF mutations to aid in the identification of benign and malignant thyroid nodules using FNA.Methods: From April 2018 to December 2021, 275 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent ultrasonography and BRAF gene testing (137 positive and 138 negative) were included from Xianyang Central Hospital. The clinical and ultrasonic characteristics of the patients were used to develop a nomographic, diagnostic model of BRAF gene mutation, and to validate and evaluate the usefulness of the model.Results: Independent risk factors for BRAF mutations included: focal strong echogenicity (microcalcifications, OR = 3.04, 95%CI = 1.41–6.58, p = 0.005), hypoechogenicity (OR = 3.8, 95%CI = 1.14–12.61, p = 0.029), lymph node metastases (OR = 3.54, 95%CI = 1.43–8.75, p = 0.006), margin (lobulated, OR = 3.7, 95%CI = 1.66–8.23, p = 0.001; extrathyroidal invasion, OR = 2.81, 95%CI = 1.11–7.06, p = 0.029), and shape (vertical position, OR = 2.7, 95%CI = 1.11–6.59, p = 0.029). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the BRAF mutation diagnostic model constructed on these factors was 0.806 (95% CI = 0.754–0.851), and 39.5% was set as the threshold probability of making a clinical decision. The results of the validation and clinical utility evaluation showed that our model had good predictive performance and clinical application value.Conclusion: Our nomogram diagnostic model based on clinical and ultrasound features of patients accurately predicted the possibility of BRAF gene mutations in patients with thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Jianqiang Fang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
- Department of Ultrasound Interventional, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Wanying Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yaru Li
- Internal Medicine, Swedish Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Scott Lowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Rachel Bentley
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Shuya Chen
- Newham University Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cunyu He
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Chengliang Yin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
- *Correspondence: Chengliang Yin, ; Wenle Li,
| | - Wenxian Li
- Beijing Life Biosciences Co., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Wenle Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics II, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Chengliang Yin, ; Wenle Li,
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Descarpentrie J, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, He Z, François A, González Á, Garcia-Gallastegi P, Badiola I, Evrard S, Pernot S, Creemers JWM, Khatib AM. Role of Furin in Colon Cancer Stem Cells Malignant Phenotype and Expression of LGR5 and NANOG in KRAS and BRAF-Mutated Colon Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1195. [PMID: 35267511 PMCID: PMC8909039 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertases or PCs are known to regulate the malignant phenotype of colon cancer cells by different mechanisms, but their effects on cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been less widely investigated. Here, we report that PCs expression is altered in colon CSCs, and the inhibition of their activity reduced colon CSCs growth, survival, and invasion in three-dimensional spheroid cultures. In vivo, repression of PCs activity by the general PC inhibitors α1-PDX, Spn4A, or decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone (CMK) significantly reduced tumor expression levels of the stem cell markers LGR5 and NANOG that are associated with reduced tumor xenografts. Further analysis revealed that reduced tumor growth mediated by specific silencing of the convertase Furin in KRAS or BRAF mutated-induced colon tumors was associated with reduced expression of LGR5 and NANOG compared to wild-type KRAS and BRAF tumors. Analysis of various calcium regulator molecules revealed that while the calcium-transporting ATPase 4 (ATP2B4) is downregulated in all the Furin-silenced colon cancer cells, the Ca2+-mobilizing P2Y receptors, was specifically repressed in BRAF mutated cells and ORAI1 and CACNA1H in KRAS mutated cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that PCs play an important role in the malignant phenotype of colon CSCs and stem cell markers' expression and highlight PCs repression, particularly of Furin, to target colon tumors with KRAS or BRAF mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Descarpentrie
- Reprogramming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroEnvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France; (J.D.); (A.F.); (P.G.-G.); (S.E.)
| | - Marcos J. Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, C/Doctor Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Zongsheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China;
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Alexia François
- Reprogramming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroEnvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France; (J.D.); (A.F.); (P.G.-G.); (S.E.)
| | - Álvaro González
- Reprogramming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroEnvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France; (J.D.); (A.F.); (P.G.-G.); (S.E.)
| | - Patricia Garcia-Gallastegi
- Reprogramming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroEnvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France; (J.D.); (A.F.); (P.G.-G.); (S.E.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Iker Badiola
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Serge Evrard
- Reprogramming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroEnvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France; (J.D.); (A.F.); (P.G.-G.); (S.E.)
- Institut Bergonié, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | | | - John W. M. Creemers
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Abdel-Majid Khatib
- Reprogramming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroEnvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France; (J.D.); (A.F.); (P.G.-G.); (S.E.)
- Institut Bergonié, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
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10
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Silver JA, Bogatchenko M, Pusztaszeri M, Forest VI, Hier MP, Yang JW, Tamilia M, Payne RJ. BRAF V600E mutation is associated with aggressive features in papillary thyroid carcinomas ≤ 1.5 cm. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 50:63. [PMID: 34742355 PMCID: PMC8572458 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-021-00543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While some studies suggest that the BRAF V600E mutation correlates with a high-risk phenotype in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), more evidence is necessary before this mutation can be used to help guide decision making in the management of small thyroid nodules. This study investigated whether BRAF V600E mutation is associated with aggressive features in PTMC (≤ 1 cm) and small PTC (1–1.5 cm).
Methods Retrospective chart review was performed on 121 patient cases. Patients who underwent thyroid surgery for PTMC (≤ 1 cm) or small PTC (1–1.5 cm) were included if molecular testing was done for BRAF V600E mutation. Two study groups were created based on tumour size: PTMC (n = 55) and small PTC (n = 66). The groups were analysed for the presence of a BRAF V600E mutation and aggressive features, including macroscopic extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), and high-risk histological features (tall cell, columnar cell, hobnail, solid/trabecular, and diffuse sclerosing). The Fischer exact test was used to calculate statistical significance.
Results BRAF V600E mutations were detected in 43.6% of PTMC and 42.4% of small PTC. Of the mutated PTMC nodules, 54.1% demonstrated aggressive characteristics as compared to 19.4% of the non-mutated PTMCs (p = 0.010). Of the mutated small PTC tumours, 82.1% had aggressive features. In contrast, 28.9% of the non-mutated small PTCs showed aggressive features (p < 0.001).
Conclusions Our findings demonstrate an association between a BRAF V600E mutation and aggressive features in PTMC (≤ 1 cm) and small PTC (1–1.5 cm). Therefore, determining the molecular status of these thyroid nodules for the presence of BRAF V600E can help guide patient management. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40463-021-00543-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Silver
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | | | - Marc Pusztaszeri
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique-Isabelle Forest
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael P Hier
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.,Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ji Wei Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Tamilia
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard J Payne
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada. .,Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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11
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ÖZDAMAR Oİ, ACAR GÖ, ÖZEN F, ZENGİNKİNET T. Assessment of BRAF V600E, KRAS, NRAS and EGFR mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Hashimoto Thyroiditis. ENT UPDATES 2020. [DOI: 10.32448/entupdates.711666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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12
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Yin L, Tang Y, Yu S, Wang C, Xiao M, Wang Y, Liu SJ, Gao L, Huang K, Jin L. The Role of BRAF V600E in Reducing AUS/FLUS Diagnosis in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration. Endocr Pathol 2019; 30:312-317. [PMID: 31529211 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-019-09591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BRAF V600E mutations are common in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and some de-differentiated thyroid cancers. In this study, we summarize AUS/FLUS diagnosed cases from thyroid fine needle aspirations in our center from 2015 to 2017 to explore the impact of BRAF V600E detection on the cytopathological diagnosis of PTC. BRAF V600E detection could significantly reduce the AUS/FLUS diagnosis rates from 11.59 to 8.42% when all BRAF V600E-mutated AUS/FLUS cases were diagnosed as conforming to PTC (20.01 to 19.13% in 2016 and 10.92 to 7.93% in 2017, respectively). The AUS/M rates decreased from 0.67 to 0.64 in 2016 and from 0.33 to 0.23 in 2017. We further discuss a case with a single BRAF V600E cytological mutant lacking a postoperative PTC diagnosis and discuss the limitations of BRAF V600E detection using puncture elution fluid. Our findings support the notion that BRAF V600E detection can effectively reduce the diagnostic rates of AUS/FLUS and help clinicians decide both treatment strategies and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Yalan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Rd, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Shu Jun Liu
- Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keli Huang
- Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Lin ZM, Yan CX, Song Y, Hong YR, Wen Q, Xu YY, Pan MQ, Ye Q, Huang PT. The features of contrast enhanced ultrasound and BRAF V600E in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:5071-5078. [PMID: 32030223 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.11.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background BRAF V600E mutation was proved to be associated with thyroid cancer. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with positive BRAF mutation might have a more aggressive behavior. We investigated the correlation of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features with BRAF 600VE in PTC. Methods The medical records of 1,199 patients with 1,315 nodules who underwent CEUS prior to fine needle aspiration (FNA) from January 2016 to March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The features of their enhancement were assessed from eight aspects: degree of enhancement, method of enhancement, homogeneity of enhancement, completeness of enhancement, boundary of the enhanced lesions, shape of the enhanced lesions, size of the enhanced lesions, and wash out period of the enhanced lesions. The patients then examined for the BRAF V600E mutation using specimens obtained from FNA. Results BRAF mutations were found in 888 of 1,315 nodules. The CEUS features were significantly different between BRAF-positive and BRAF-negative nodules. The BRAF mutation positive nodules were more often with larger size, hypo-enhancement, centripetal enhancement, inhomogeneous enhancement, complete enhancement, blurred boundary, irregular shape, and with wash out period at preoperative CEUS than those without BRAF mutations (P<0.001). However, no significant correlation was showed in Spearman's rank correlation between the CEUS features and BRAF mutation, except for degree of enhancement, method pattern of enhancement, and completeness of complete enhancement. Multivariate analysis showed that centripetal (OR: 1.465, 95% CI: 1.129-1.903) and no significant enhancement (OR: 0.790, 95% CI: 0.639-0.977) were predictive for the presence of BRAF mutations. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of no significant enhancement and centripetal enhancement of CEUS for predicting BRAF mutation were 68.3%, 40.0%, 91.6%, 11.7%, and 72.4%, 35.1%, 37.8%, 70.0%, respectively. Conclusions Our study indicated that preoperative thyroid nodule characteristics on CEUS might serve as a useful tool to BRAF mutation in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Mei Lin
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Cao-Xin Yan
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yu-Rong Hong
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yong-Yuan Xu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Min-Qiang Pan
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Pin-Tong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Predictive Factors of Recurrence in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis on 579 Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091230. [PMID: 31443531 PMCID: PMC6770388 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is usually associated with a favorable prognosis. Nevertheless, up to 30% of patients present a local or distant recurrence. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of recurrence after surgery for DTC and to identify predictive factors of recurrence. We included in this retrospective study 579 consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy for DTC from 2011 to 2016 at our institution. We observed biochemical or structural recurrent disease in 36 (6.2%) patients; five-year disease-free survival was 94.1%. On univariate analysis, male sex, histotype, lymph node yield, lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal invasion and multicentricity were associated with significantly higher risk of recurrence, while microcarcinoma was correlated with significantly lower risk of recurrence. On multivariate analysis, only lymph node metastases (OR 4.724, p = 0.012) and microcarcinoma (OR 0.328, p = 0.034) were detected as independent predictive factors of recurrence. Postoperative management should be individualized and commensurate with the risk of recurrence: Patients with high-risk carcinoma should undergo strict follow-up and aggressive treatment. Furthermore, assessment of the risk should be repeated over time, considering individual response to therapy.
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15
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Sulaieva O, Chernenko O, Chereshneva Y, Tsomartova D, Larin O. Thyroid stimulating hormone levels and BRAFV600E mutation contribute to pathophysiology of papillary thyroid carcinoma: Relation to outcomes? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:129-135. [PMID: 31097263 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with or without BRAFV600E mutation. METHODS The medical records and laboratory data of 547 patients with PTC and 94 patients with follicular adenoma (FA) were collected. The relationship between hormones levels and such end-points as extrathyroid extension (ETE), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) was assessed. In addition, age, gender, BRAFV600E mutation status, histological type and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) were considered. KEY FINDINGS Most of the patients with PTC had hormones levels within the normal range, however, serum TSH concentration was significantly higher in PTC comparing with FA (P = 0.022). High levels of TSH in PTC were more frequent among women rather than men (P = 0.03) due to the gender differences in coexisting HT rate (P = 0.003). In contrast, LNM rate was higher in men (P = 0.0014). Coexisting HT significantly decreased the risk of ETE (OR = 0.67; 95%CI 0.44-1.00; P = 0.05) and LNM (OR = 0.59; 95%CI 0.37-0.94; P = 0.028) among males with PTC. However, there was no significant relationship between HT and PTC-related ETE and LNM in females. BRAFV600E mutation was associated with presence of lymphocytic infiltration (P < 0.001) but not with HT (P = 0.08) and violation of thyroid function. CONCLUSION The present study showed the lack of significant relationship between TSH levels and PTC aggressiveness (LNM, TNM stage, BRAFV600E mutation). Higher TSH levels were found in patients with coexisting HT that was associated with female sex and multifocality of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olena Chernenko
- Ukrainian Research and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Ukraine
| | - Yelisaveta Chereshneva
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Russia
| | - Dibahan Tsomartova
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Russia
| | - Oleksandr Larin
- Ukrainian Research and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Ukraine
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16
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Detection of BRAF V600E mutation in fine-needle aspiration fluid of papillary thyroid carcinoma by droplet digital PCR. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 491:91-96. [PMID: 30682328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 85% of thyroid carcinoma, which is the most common endocrine tumor. For the diagnosis of PTC, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) with pathological evaluation is the standard test and BRAF V600E mutation is the most common molecular marker associated with the occurrence, progression and poor clinicopathological characteristics of PTC. However, because of the small amount of the tumor cells obtained by FNA for pathological evaluation or BRAF V600E mutation detection, more sensitive and accurate methods are required. Our study aimed to investigate the performance of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in detecting BRAF V600E mutation in FNA samples from PTC patients. METHODS One hundred and sixty suspected thyroid cancer patients were enrolled, including 146 PTC patients, 2 follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and 12 benign patients, identified by FNA biopsy according to the NCCN clinical practice guidelines of Thyroid Carcinoma. ddPCR and amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS, AmoyDx) were used to detect BRAFV600E mutation and the results were compared. RESULTS ddPCR had high reproducibility (CV0.1% = 22.82% and CV10% = 4.85%) and the detection sensitivity can reach 1–2 copies/μl (0.01%). Among the 160 patients, 128 BRAF V600E mutations were detected, including 4 ARMS negative patients and 3 benign cases [corrected]. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that ddPCR could be used in detecting BRAF V600E mutation from FNA fluid samples with higher sensitivity and accuracy than ARMS.
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17
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Molnár C, Molnár S, Bedekovics J, Mokánszki A, Győry F, Nagy E, Méhes G. Thyroid Carcinoma Coexisting with Hashimoto's Thyreoiditis: Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics Clue up Pathogenesis. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:1191-1197. [PMID: 30666518 PMCID: PMC6614143 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00580-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) presents with several characteristic features including multifocality and lower clinical stages compared to de novo carcinomas but its exact biology is still not understood. We reexamined clinico-pathological and molecular correlations between Hashimoto’s thyroditis and papillary thyroid cancer. A total of 262 patients with TC was evaluated who underwent thyroidectomy at the Surgical Department of the University of Debrecen. Clinical data, histology and molecular data were evaluated. Our cohort included 43 patients (16.4%) with (5 male, 38 female) and 219 (83.6%) patients without coexisting HT (48 male, 171 female). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis related thyroid cancer presented predominantly (93.0% of the cases) with the papillary histological type. Multifocality was observed more frequently with coexisting HT (16/40; 40.0%) compared to cases uninvolved (45/190; 23.7%)(p = 0.034). In contrast, lymphatic metastasis (pN1) with a significantly reduced frequency in patients with HT (4/11; 36.4%) then without HT (34/41 pN1; 82.9%)(p = 0.002). BRAF V600E mutation could be demonstrated at significantly lower rates in cases of PTC + HT (32.1 vs 60.7%, p < 0.005). High incidence, multifocality and papillary morphology strongly support a causal relation between TC and preexisting Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, the latter to be considered as a preneoplastic condition promoting thyroid carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Molnár
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, H-4042, Hungary.
| | - Sarolta Molnár
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, H-4042, Hungary
| | - Judit Bedekovics
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, H-4042, Hungary
| | - Attila Mokánszki
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, H-4042, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Győry
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Endre Nagy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, H-4042, Hungary
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Kim HM, Koo JS. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cancer Stem Cell Marker Expression in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:523. [PMID: 31428052 PMCID: PMC6688385 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cell (CSC) markers have prognostic significance in various cancers, but their clinical significance in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has not been demonstrated. In this study, CSC markers expressed in PTC and their relationships with prognosis were evaluated. We constructed tissue microarrays for 386 PTC cases, divided it into 42 low risk cases and 344 intermediate risk cases according to the American Thyroid Association 2009 Risk Stratification System. Immunohistochemical staining of CSC markers (CD15, CD24, CD44, CD166, and ALDH1A1) was performed, and the proportion of stained cells and immunostaining intensity were evaluated to determine positive marker expression. The relationships between CSC marker expression and other clinicopathological parameters or survival were analyzed. CD15 expression was higher in PTC with intermediate risk than in PTC with low risk (29.4 vs. 11.9%, p = 0.017). According to a multivariate analysis, CD15, CD44, CD166, and ALDH1A1 positivity were independently associated with a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.929, 2.960, 7.485, and 3.736; p = 0.016, p = 0.026, p < 0.001, and p = 0.006, respectively). Higher N and cancer stage were the only other clinical factors associated with a shorter PFS (OR: 2.953 and 1.898, p = 0.011 and p = 0.034). Overexpression of CSC markers in PTC was associated with shorter PFS during follow-up. Immunohistochemical staining of CSC markers may provide useful information for predicting patient outcomes.
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BRAFV600E Mutation Does Not Significantly Affect the Efficacy of Radioiodine Therapy in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Without Known Distant Metastases. Clin Nucl Med 2018; 43:e215-e219. [PMID: 29762246 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000002142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The BRAF mutation is the most common and specific oncogenic event in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, its role in radioiodine therapy decision making has yet to be established. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the BRAF mutation on the clinical response to radioiodine therapy. METHODS This retrospective study included PTC patients who received total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection, radioiodine therapy, and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression between January 2012 and March 2016. Included patients were divided into 2 groups based on the BRAF mutation status. The association between the clinicopathological characteristics and the BRAF mutation was evaluated. After a median follow-up of 37 months, the clinical outcome between these 2 groups was also compared based on the ongoing risk stratification. RESULTS A total of 512 PTC patients without distant metastases were included, with a positive BRAF mutation in 338 patients. No significant association was observed between the BRAF mutation and clinicopathological characteristics, except for sex, tumor size, and extrathyroidal extension. The initial risk stratification between the positive and negative mutation groups revealed no significant difference (P = 0.845). At the end of follow-up, no significant difference regarding the clinical response to radioiodine therapy was demonstrated between these 2 groups for all patients or patients with high recurrence risk (P = 0.586 and P = 0.680, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The BRAF mutation status may not impact the clinical response to radioiodine therapy for PTC patients without distant metastases.
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Kim HM, Lee YK, Koo JS. Expression of glutamine metabolism-related proteins in thyroid cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53628-53641. [PMID: 27447554 PMCID: PMC5288210 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the expression of glutamine metabolism-related protein in tumor and stromal compartments among the histologic subtypes of thyroid cancer. RESULTS GLS1 and GDH expression in tumor and stromal compartments were the highest in AC than in other subtypes. Tumoral ASCT2 expression was higher in MC but lower in FC (p < 0.001). In PTC, tumoral GLS1 and tumoral GDH expression was higher in the conventional type than in the follicular variant (p = 0.043 and 0.001, respectively), and in PTC with BRAF V600E mutation than in PTC without BRAF V600E mutation (p<0.001). Stromal GDH positivity was the independent factor associated with short overall survival (hazard ratio: 21.48, 95% confidence interval: 2.178-211.8, p = 0.009). METHODS We performed tissue microarrays with 557 thyroid cancer cases (papillary thyroid carcinoma [PTC]: 344, follicular carcinoma [FC]: 112, medullary carcinoma [MC]: 70, poorly differentiated carcinoma [PDC]: 23, and anaplastic carcinoma [AC]: 8) and 152 follicular adenoma (FA) cases. We performed immunohistochemical staining of glutaminolysis-related proteins (glutaminase 1 [GLS1], glutamate dehydrogenase [GDH], and amino acid transporter-2 [ASCT-2]). CONCLUSION Glutamine metabolism-related protein expression differed among the histologic subtypes of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim WW, Ha TK, Bae SK. Clinical implications of the BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 47:4. [PMID: 29316976 PMCID: PMC5759356 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-017-0247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to examine the possible prognostics and clinicopathologic characteristics underlying the BRAFV600E mutation and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) coexisting or in absence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT). Methods This study was conducted on 172 patients who had undergone total thyroidectomy or unilateral total thyroidectomy for PTC; the patients were then examined for the BRAFV600E mutation using specimens obtained after their surgery from January 2013 to August 2015. Results BRAF mutations were found in 130 of 172 patients (75.6%). CLT was present in 27.9% of patients (48/172). The incidence of the BRAFV600E mutation was significantly increased in the group with no CLT (P = 0.001). The findings of the multivariate analysis pertaining to the coexistence of CLT and PTC showed no significant correlation other than the BRAFV600E mutation. No significant difference was noted in the clinicopathologic factors between the two groups based on the coexistence of CLT in univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusions The BRAFV600E mutation is less frequent in PTC coexisting with CLT presumably because CLT and the BRAFV600E mutation operate independently in the formation and progression of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon Won Kim
- Department of General Surgery, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kwun Ha
- Department of General Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, 614-735, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Kwon Bae
- Department of Medical Management, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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22
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Detección inmunohistoquímica de la mutación BRAF V600E en el carcinoma papilar de tiroides. Evaluación frente a la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2017; 64:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sun WY, Kim HM, Jung WH, Koo JS. Expression of serine/glycine metabolism-related proteins is different according to the thyroid cancer subtype. J Transl Med 2016; 14:168. [PMID: 27277113 PMCID: PMC4898323 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical implications of proteins related to serine/glycine metabolism in different subtypes of thyroid cancer. METHODS Tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed with tissues from 557 thyroid cancers, consisting of 244 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), 112 follicular carcinomas (FC), 70 medullary carcinomas (MC), 23 poorly differentiated carcinomas (PDC), and 8 anaplastic carcinomas (AC). Immunohistochemical staining of the serine/glycine metabolism-related molecules phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine aminotransferase, (PSAT), phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), serine hydromethyl transferase (SHMT), and glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) was performed with the TMA blocks and the results were analyzed together with clinicopathologic parameters. RESULTS The expression of serine/glycine metabolism-related proteins differed among thyroid cancer subtypes. The expression rate of PHGDH (p < 0.001), PSAT1 (p = 0.001), PSPH (p = 0.008), and tumoral SHMT1 (p < 0.001) was higher in PDC and PTC (78.3, 21.7, 21.7, 30.4 and 63.4, 18.6, 12.8, 31.4 %, respectively), and lowest in MC (15.7, 1.4, 0.0, 10.0 %). Stromal SHMT1 expression was highest in AC (62.5 %) and absent in all FC (p < 0.001). In PTC, positivity for PSPH (p = 0.041), tumoral SHMT1 (p = 0.018), and stromal SHMT1 (p < 0.001) expression was higher in the conventional type compared to follicular type (14.1 versus 2.5 %, 33.6 versus 15.0 %, 42.1 versus 10.0 %, respectively). BRAF V600E mutation was associated with a higher rate of PHGDH (p < 0.001), PSAT1 (p = 0.001), PSPH (p < 0.001), tumoral SHMT1 (p = 0.001), stromal SHMT1 (p < 0.001), and GLDC (p < 0.001) expression compared to non-mutant cases (73.5 versus 40.6 %, 23.1 versus 8.5 %, 17.6 versus 1.9 %, 37.0 versus 18.9 %, 45.8 versus 21.7 %, 21.8 versus 6.6 %, respectively). In univariate analysis, stromal SHMT1 expression was associated with shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.015) in follicular variant PTC, and GLDC positivity was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) in sclerotic stromal type (p = 0.002). In FC, minimally invasive type, PSPH positivity correlated with shorter OS (p = 0.045) and in MC, PHGDH positivity correlated with shorter OS (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION The expression of serine/glycine metabolism-related proteins differs among different thyroid cancer types, with a higher rate of expression in PDC and PTC, and lower rate of expression in MC. In PTC, the rate of expression is lower in the follicular variant and higher in cases with BRAF V600E mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Young Sun
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hee Jung
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
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Sun WY, Jung WH, Koo JS. Expression of cancer-associated fibroblast-related proteins in thyroid papillary carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8197-207. [PMID: 26715280 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between expression of cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-related proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and clinicopathologic factors. Using tissue microarray (TMA) constructed from 339 cases of PTC (303 classic type, 36 follicular variant), we performed immunohistochemical staining for podoplanin, prolyl 4-hydroxylase, FAPα, S100A4, PDGFRα, PDGFRβ, NG2, 5-meC, and BRAF V600E and evaluated the association with clinicopathologic parameters. We classified the stroma of PTC as desmoplastic type, sclerotic type, pauci type, or inflammatory type. The expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (p = 0.042), FAPα (p = 0.044), PDGFRα (p < 0.001), and 5-meC (p = 0.030) in cancer cells differed according to the histologic subtype, higher in classic type than follicular type. The expression of FAPα (p = 0.034) and 5-meC (p = 0.021) in stromal cells was higher in the classic type than follicular type. PTC with BRAF mutation showed higher expression of podoplanin (p < 0.001), prolyl 4-hydroxylase (p = 0.013), FAPα (p < 0.001), S100A4 (p < 0.001), PDGFRα (p < 0.001), and 5-meC (p < 0.001) in the tumor cell compartment and of FAPα (p = 0.004), S100A4 (p < 0.001), PDGFRα (p = 0.002), PDGFRβ (p < 0.001), and 5-meC (p < 0.001) in the stromal cell compartment. There was also a difference in the expression of CAF-related proteins according to stromal phenotype; the expression of FAPα, S100A4, and PDGFRα was higher in desmoplastic type than in other subtypes, whereas NG2 expression was higher in inflammatory type (p < 0.001). Tumoral podoplanin negativity (p = 0.043) was associated with shorter DFS, and tumoral S100A4 positivity (p = 0.044) and stromal PDGFRβ positivity (p = 0.035) were associated with shorter OS. In conclusion, the expression of CAF-related proteins in cancer cells and stromal cells of PTC was different according to histologic subtype, BRAF V600E mutation, and subtype of stroma, and was related to prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Young Sun
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Cathololic University of Korea College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Woo-Hee Jung
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
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Li J, Liang J, Zhao T, Lin Y. Noninferior response in BRAF(V600E) mutant nonmetastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma to radioiodine therapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:1034-9. [PMID: 26780618 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-015-3305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE As the most frequent and specific genetic alteration in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), BRAF(V600E) has an intimate relationship with more invasive tumour and higher postoperative recurrence risk in PTC patients. We investigate the effect of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy on the clinical outcome in PTC patients with the BRAF(V600E) mutation without distant metastases. METHODS This retrospective study included PTC 228 patients without distant metastases who underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy and RAI treatment in our hospital from January 2011 to July 2014. The BRAF(V600E) status of the primary lesions was determined and the patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of the mutation. Serological and imaging data were collected at a median follow-up of 2.34 years after RAI administration. Suppressed and stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg), Tg antibody, diagnostic whole-body scintigraphy, and other imaging examinations were used to assess clinical outcome, which was defined as excellent response, indeterminate response, biochemical incomplete response and structural incomplete response. RESULTS The BRAF(V600E) mutation was observed in 153 of the 228 patients (67.1 %). The clinicopathological features did not differ between the BRAF(V600E) mutatation and wild-type groups except age at diagnosis (P = 0.000), tumour size (P = 0.023) and TNM stage (P = 0.003). Older age and more advanced TNM stage were prevalent in the BRAF(V600E) mutatation group, whereas tumours were slightly larger in the BRAF(V600E) wild-type group. The response to RAI therapy was evaluated in both the entire series and the patients with a high recurrence risk, and no significant difference in response was found between the BRAF(V600E) mutatation and the wild-type groups (P = 0.881 and P = 0.851, respectively). CONCLUSION The clinical response to timely postsurgical RAI therapy is not inferior in BRAF(V600E) mutation PTC patients without distant metastases, which suggests that RAI therapy might improve the general clinical outcome in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Teng Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yansong Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Comparison of the clinicopathological behavior of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and classical papillary thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:753-764. [PMID: 26171175 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FV-PTC) is the second most common type of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and it has been increasingly diagnosed in recent years. However, whether FV-PTC behaves differently from classical PTC (C-PTC) remains controversial. To address this controversy, a meta-analysis was performed to determine the potential differences between FV-PTC and C-PTC in their clinicopathological behavior. The relevant published studies between January 1, 2003 and August 31, 2014 were reviewed according to the defined selection criteria using the PubMed database. Review Manager was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) or the mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), using a random- or fixed-effect model for all analyses. In total, 112 studies were identified and examined; finally, only 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. In the 36 studies, compared to the clinicopathological behavior of patients with C-PTC, patients with FV-PTC had the following parameters: Similar mean age and similar prevalence of gender, tumor size ≥10 mm, multifocality, capsular invasion, vascular invasion, lymphocytic and/or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and clinical stage; a larger mean tumor size and higher prevalence of age ≥45 years; and lower prevalence of extrathyroidal extensions, lymph node metastases, BRAF mutation and recurrence. The meta-analysis suggested that patients with FV-PTC have a more favorable clinicopathological behavior and improved prognosis compared to patients with C-PTC. Thus, patients with FV-PTC and C-PTC may be managed differently, and the two types of PTC should be clearly distinguished in future retrospective or prospective studies.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic mutations have been found to be associated with thyroid cancer. Previous studies have been focused on the relation between genetic mutations and thyroid cancer. We sought to evaluate the prognostic value of the three most common genetic mutations (BRAF, RAS, and RET) in patients with thyroid cancer. METHODS Sources from MEDLINE (inception to December 2013) and EMBASE (inception to December 2013) were searched. Studies of thyroid cancer with results of genetic mutations and studies that reported survival data were included and two authors performed the data extraction independently. Any discrepancies were resolved by a consensus. RESULTS Fourteen studies assessing BRAF mutations, 6 RAS mutations, 4 RET mutations, and 1 with analysis of both BRAF and RAS mutations were included in this meta-analysis. Patients with papillary thyroid cancer with BRAF mutations showed a 1.59-fold higher risk of events or a 2.66-fold higher risk of death than patients with papillary thyroid cancer without a BRAF mutation. Also, patients with RAS mutations showed a 2.90-fold higher risk of death by thyroid cancer than patients without a RAS mutation. In addition, patients with medullary thyroid cancer with RET mutations showed a 5.82-fold higher risk of death by the disease than without a RET mutation. CONCLUSIONS Genetic mutations should be considered as a poor prognostic marker in thyroid cancer and may lead to better management of individual patients. However, the use of genetic mutations as prognostic markers should not be generalized, but individualized in the specific clinic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungjune Pak
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital , Busan, Korea
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