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Nadeali Z, Mohammad-Rezaei F, Aria H, Nikpour P. Possible role of pannexin 1 channels and purinergic receptors in the pathogenesis and mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2 and therapeutic potential of targeting them in COVID-19. Life Sci 2022; 297:120482. [PMID: 35288174 PMCID: PMC8915746 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying signaling pathways and molecules involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis is pivotal for developing new effective therapeutic or preventive strategies for COVID-19. Pannexins (PANX) are ATP-release channels in the plasma membrane essential in many physiological and immune responses. Activation of pannexin channels and downstream purinergic receptors play dual roles in viral infection, either by facilitating viral replication and infection or inducing host antiviral defense. The current review provides a hypothesis demonstrating the possible contribution of the PANX1 channel and purinergic receptors in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and mechanism of action. Moreover, we discuss whether targeting these signaling pathways may provide promising preventative therapies and treatments for patients with progressive COVID-19 resulting from excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production. Several inhibitors of this pathway have been developed for the treatment of other viral infections and pathological consequences. Specific PANX1 inhibitors could be potentially included as part of the COVID-19 treatment regimen if, in future, studies demonstrate the role of PANX1 in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Of note, any ATP therapeutic modulation for COVID-19 should be carefully designed and monitored because of the complex role of extracellular ATP in cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakiye Nadeali
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammad-Rezaei
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Aria
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Nikpour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Radecki KC, Ford MJ, Phillipps HR, Lorenson MY, Grattan DR, Yamanaka Y, Walker AM. Multiple Cell Types in the Oviduct Express the Prolactin Receptor. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:485-504. [PMID: 35812077 PMCID: PMC9254223 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2022-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the physiological role of prolactin in the oviduct. Examining mRNA for all four isoforms of the prolactin receptor (PRLR) in mice by functional oviduct segment and stage of the estrous cycle, we found short form 3 (SF3) to be the most highly expressed, far exceeding the long form (LF) in highly ciliated areas such as the infundibulum, whereas in areas of low ciliation, the SF3 to LF ratio was ~1. SF2 expression was low throughout the oviduct, and SF1 was undetectable. Only in the infundibulum did PRLR ratios change with the estrous cycle. Immunofluorescent localization of SF3 and LF showed an epithelial (both mucosal and mesothelial) distribution aligned with the mRNA results. Despite the high SF3/LF ratio in densely ciliated regions, these regions responded to an acute elevation of prolactin (30 min, intraperitoneal), with LF‐tyrosine phosphorylated STAT5 seen within cilia. Collectively, these results show ciliated cells are responsive to prolactin and suggest that prolactin regulates estrous cyclic changes in ciliated cell function in the infundibulum. Changes in gene expression in the infundibulum after prolonged prolactin treatment (7‐day) showed prolactin‐induced downregulation of genes necessary for cilium development/function, a result supporting localization of PRLRs on ciliated cells, and one further suggesting hyperprolactinemia would negatively impact ciliated cell function and therefore fertility. Flow cytometry, single‐cell RNAseq, and analysis of LF‐td‐Tomato transgenic mice supported expression of PRLRs in at least a proportion of epithelial cells while also hinting at additional roles for prolactin in smooth muscle and other stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C. Radecki
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine University of California Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - Matthew J. Ford
- Department of Human Genetics Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute McGill University, Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Hollian R. Phillipps
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago Dunedin, 9016 New Zealand
| | - Mary Y. Lorenson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine University of California Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - David R. Grattan
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago Dunedin, 9016 New Zealand
| | - Yojiro Yamanaka
- Department of Human Genetics Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute McGill University, Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Ameae M. Walker
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine University of California Riverside, CA 92521 USA
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Pang C, An F, Yang S, Yu N, Chen D, Chen L. In vivo and in vitro observation of nasal ciliary motion in a guinea pig model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1039-1048. [PMID: 32434378 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220926443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Cilia play an important role in the airway defense mechanism. So far, studies on ciliary function have mainly been based on in vitro methods. Images of in vivo ciliary motion are very difficult to capture. In this study, we describe a novel approach to observe and analyze nasal ciliary motion in living animals with comparison to in vitro observation. Such images of ciliary motion from living animals have not been reported to date. The result of the study indicates that in vivo ciliary physiological function differs from ex vivo and in vitro conditions in many ways, such as the stability over time and response to temperature variation. This is a good foundation for further in vivo analysis of airway ciliary physiological function in animals as well as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Pang
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Fengwei An
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ning Yu
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Daishi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
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Jia J, Xia J, Zhang R, Bai Y, Liu S, Dan M, Li T, Yan T, Chen L, Gong S, Niu P, Chen T. Investigation of the impact of PM 2.5 on the ciliary motion of human nasal epithelial cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:309-318. [PMID: 31176132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nasal epithelium provides a physical barrier to potentially harmful stimuli. Cilia, which is on the apical side of the human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs), plays a critical role in removing inhaled harmful matter. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and ciliary beat pattern (CBP) are the two important indicators for ciliary beat function. However, impacts of the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on CBF and CBP are still unknown. We aimed to evaluate the impact of PM2.5 on the ciliary beat function of the HNEpCs and its potential mechanisms. After exposed to PM2.5 for 12 h, cilia of HNEpCs were in disordered arrangement. The ciliary coverage rate was decreased after PM2.5 exposure of a series of concentration, while the proportion of basal cells was continuously increased and could be observed on the apical side of the HNEpCs which is hardly be observed without PM2.5 exposure. PM2.5 increased the CBF after 12 h exposure, while 24 h exposure increased the CBF at the relative lower dosage groups and then made a decrease at relative higher dosage groups. CBF were classified into two different types, which had different changes following PM2.5 exposure. CBP showed significant changes characterized as the increased dyskinesia index. Total levels of cellular ATP and the mitochondrial membrane potential were decreased following 12 h exposure of PM2.5, while no change was found in O2 consumption. In conclusion, PM2.5 impact the ciliary beat function of HNEpCs, and the mitochondrial dysfunction might play an important role in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Jia
- School of Public Health and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jiao Xia
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ruxiang Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi Bai
- School of Public Health and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shen Liu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mo Dan
- Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection, Beijing, 100054, China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Public Health and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Tenglong Yan
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Public Health and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shusheng Gong
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Piye Niu
- School of Public Health and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Tian Chen
- School of Public Health and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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