1
|
Farid A, Haytham M, Essam A, Safwat G. Efficacy of the aqueous extract of Siwa dates in protection against the whole body γ irradiation induced damages in mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2021.1963628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Farid
- Zoology Dep., Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Merna Haytham
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Essam
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Miao L, Guo Y, Tian H. Preclinical Evaluation of Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Mechanism of Radioprotective Agent HL-003. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6683836. [PMID: 33688393 PMCID: PMC7914087 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6683836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amifostine is a radioprotector with high efficacy but poor safety, short half-life, no oral formulation, and poor compliance, which limits its application. With the increasing risk of exposure to radiation, the development of new radioprotective agents is critical. We previously synthesized a new amifostine derivative, the small molecule compound HL-003. In this study, we focused on evaluating the radioprotective properties of HL-003. Using the in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, we initially confirmed HL-003 as a strong antioxidant and demonstrated that its free radical scavenging activity was stronger than that of amifostine. Then, we performed an acute toxicity test, a 28-day toxicity test, a 30-day survival rate test, and a pharmacokinetic study, all of which provided aggregate evidence that HL-003 functioned as a small molecule radioprotector with high efficacy, a favorable safety profile, a long half-life, and oral administration. The intestinal radioprotective mechanism of HL-003 was explored in male C57 mice after abdominal irradiation by analyzing intestinal tissue samples with hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL staining, and immunofluorescence detection. The results showed that HL-003 protected intestinal DNA from radiation damage and suppressed the expression of phosphorylated histone H2AX, phosphorylated p53, and the apoptosis-related proteins caspase-8 and caspase-9, which contributed to maintaining the normal morphology of the small intestine and provided insights into the mechanism of radioprotection. Thus, HL-003 is a small molecule radioprotector with a potential application in radiation medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Longfei Miao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongqi Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oral Administration of Vitamin C, Cimetidine and Famotidine on Micronuclei Induced by Low Dose Radiation in Mouse Bone Marrow Cells. J Biomed Phys Eng 2017; 7:117-126. [PMID: 28580333 PMCID: PMC5447248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many studies, chemicals and natural materials were tested to reduce the harmful effects of radiation. It is known that Famotidine and vitamin C reduce DNA damage. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of vitamin C, Cimetidine and Famotidine on gamma-radiation-induced damage on mouse bone marrow. METHODS Six-to-seven week male NMRI mice (28 g ±3) were randomly divided into fourteen groups: control, 2Gy irradiation, six group drugs without irradition (Famotidine, Cimetidine, vitaminC, Fam-Cim, Fam-Vit, Cim-Vit), six groups received drugs and 2Gy radiation with a 60Co |γ|-ray source at room temperature 22 ± 2 °C. The mice were killed 48 hours after irradiation by cervical dislocation. Slides were prepared from bone marrow cells and stained in May-Granwald and Giemsa. Finally, the cells were counted with microscope, frequencies of polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE), normochoromatic erythrocyte (NCE) and their micronuclated cell were recorded. PCE / PCE + NCE were calculated. RESULTS There were significant differences of MNPCE/1000PCE, MNNCE/1000NCE and PCE/PCE+NCE among different groups with similar radiation doses (p≤0.01). Moreover, there were significant differences of MNPCE/1000PCE and PCE/PCE+NCE among different doses of radiation (p≤0.01). While considering MNNCE/1000NCE, there were no significant differences among silimar groups with radiation dose (p˃0.05). CONCLUSION Oral administration of Famotidine, vitamin C and Cimetidine demonstrate reliable and similar radioprotective effects. Additionally, the protective effect of single use of these drugs was similar to the combination form. Thus, the oral use of combination, 48 hours after irradiation cannot induce more radioprotective effect.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kamran MZ, Ranjan A, Kaur N, Sur S, Tandon V. Radioprotective Agents: Strategies and Translational Advances. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:461-93. [PMID: 26807693 DOI: 10.1002/med.21386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Radioprotectors are agents required to protect biological system exposed to radiation, either naturally or through radiation leakage, and they protect normal cells from radiation injury in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. It is imperative to study radioprotectors and their mechanism of action comprehensively, looking at their potential therapeutic applications. This review intimately chronicles the rich intellectual, pharmacological story of natural and synthetic radioprotectors. A continuous effort is going on by researchers to develop clinically promising radioprotective agents. In this article, for the first time we have discussed the impact of radioprotectors on different signaling pathways in cells, which will create a basis for scientific community working in this area to develop novel molecules with better therapeutic efficacy. The bright future of exceptionally noncytotoxic derivatives of bisbenzimidazoles is also described as radiomodulators. Amifostine, an effective radioprotectant, has been approved by the FDA for limited clinical use. However, due to its adverse side effects, it is not routinely used clinically. Recently, CBLB502 and several analog of a peptide are under clinical trial and showed high success against radiotherapy in cancer. This article reviews the different types of radioprotective agents with emphasis on the strategies for the development of novel radioprotectors for drug development. In addition, direction for future strategies relevant to the development of radioprotectors is also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zahid Kamran
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atul Ranjan
- Kansas University of Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160
| | - Navrinder Kaur
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Souvik Sur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yong Jin Kim, Seung Yup Ku, Rosenwaks Z, Hung Ching Liu, Sung Wook Chi, Jae Seung Kang, Wang Jae Lee, Kyung Chun Jung, Seok Hyun Kim, Young Min Choi, Jung Gu Kim, Shin Yong Moon. MicroRNA Expression Profiles are Altered by Gonadotropins and Vitamin C Status During In Vitro Follicular Growth. Reprod Sci 2010; 17:1081-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719110377663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Yup Ku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Cornell Weill Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hung Ching Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Cornell Weill Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jae Seung Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wang Jae Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Chun Jung
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Min Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Gu Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin Yong Moon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Toulany M, Kehlbach R, Rodemann HP, Mozdarani H. Radiocontrast media affect radiation-induced DNA damage repair in vitro and in vivo by affecting Akt signalling. Radiother Oncol 2009; 94:110-6. [PMID: 20005591 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was performed to investigate cytogenetic effects of ionic and non-ionic radiocontrast media (RCM) meglumine, iohexol alone and in combination with irradiation in mouse bone marrow cells in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Micronuclei assay was performed in bone marrow cells (BMC) of Balb/C mice intraperitoneally injected with RCM in the presence or absence of whole-body irradiation of 50 mGy. DNA repair (NHEJ) signalling and efficiency were analyzed by Western blot and gammaH2AX-foci assay in normal fibroblast HSF-7 and HUVEC cells. RESULTS Both compounds reduced proliferation of BMC significantly. Concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 2 ml/kg meglumine or iohexol significantly enhanced the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) at all doses of meglumine (p<0.01) and 2 ml/kg of iohexol (p<0.05). Combined with irradiation meglumine at 0.5 and 1 ml/kg led to a higher frequency of MnPCEs than iohexol/IR (p<0.05). Meglumine induced DNA-double strand breaks (DNA-DSB) in non-irradiated HSF and strongly increased residual DNA-DSB within 10 min to 24h after irradiation with 200 or 400 mGy (p<0.001). Iohexol did not induce DNA-DSB but blocked repair of radiation-induced DNA-DSB significantly (p<0.05). Meglumine blocked IR-induced Akt phosphorylation, phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs (S2056, T2609) and ATM (S1981). Iohexol only blocked phosphorylation of Akt and DNA-PKcs at S2056. CONCLUSION RCM result in clastogenic effects through interference intracellular signalling cascades involved in the regulation of non-homologous end-joining repair of DNA-DSB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Toulany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mozdarani H, Nazari E. Cytogenetic damage in preimplantation mouse embryos generated after paternal and parental gamma-irradiation and the influence of vitamin C. Reproduction 2008; 137:35-43. [PMID: 18827066 DOI: 10.1530/rep-08-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic damage expressed as micronuclei (MN) in 4-8-cell embryos generated after irradiation of male or male and female mice in the absence and presence of vitamin C was investigated. Male NMRI mice were whole body exposed to 4 Gy gamma-rays and mated with non-irradiated superovulated female mice in 6 successive weeks after irradiation in a weekly interval. In experiments involving irradiation of both male and female mice, irradiated male mice for 6 weeks post irradiation were mated with female mice irradiated after induction of superovulation. Effect of 100 mg/kg vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on the frequency of MN was also studied. Pregnant animals were euthanized and embryos flushed from the oviducts and fixed on slides. The rate of MN observed in embryos generated from irradiated male compared with control group dramatically increased (P<0.01). Frequency of MN in this group decreased dramatically after vitamin C treatment (P<0.01). Frequency of MN in embryos generated by mating both male and female irradiated mice was higher than that observed for those embryos generated by irradiated male mice alone. However, a considerable modifying effect of vitamin C was observed for this group too (P<0.05). Results indicate that irradiation of gonads during spermatogenesis and preovulatory stage oocytes may lead to unstable chromosomal aberrations and probably stable chromosomal abnormalities affecting pairing and disjunction of chromosomes in successive preimplantation embryos expressed as MN. The way vitamin C reduces clastogenic effects of radiation on germ cells leading to reduced frequency of MN in pre-embryos might be due to its antioxidation and radical scavenging properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mozdarani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|