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Wilmes V, Mildeberger L, Verhoff MA, Kauferstein S. Influence of microRNAs on iNOS expression in postmortem human infarction hearts. Forensic Sci Int 2024; 354:111892. [PMID: 38150896 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulators in several diseases, including cancer, immunologic and cardiovascular diseases. A growing list of miRNAs are dysregulated in cardiac arrhythmias, contractility diseases, myocardial infarction (MI), sudden cardiac death (SCD), chronic heart failure and hypertrophy. However, the exact regulatory pathways, through which miRNAs exert their effects are often unclear. In this study, we measured the expression patterns of miR-21, miR-939 and miR-30e in postmortem human MI. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of these miRNAs on cardiac inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA levels. We measured iNOS mRNA and miRNA expression patterns by means of qPCR. Further we used correlation analyses to determine causality between miRNA expression and cardiac iNOS levels. iNOS mRNA, miR-21, miR-939 and miR-30e were significantly upregulated in infarcted and non-infarcted regions of postmortem human MI hearts in comparison to healthy controls. While miR-21 and miR-939 showed their strongest expression in infarcted regions, miR-30e peaked in the non-infarcted myocardium. Further, we found a significant correlation between miR-939 and iNOS expression levels in controls and infarcted regions. The results indicate, that miR-939 is a regulator of cardiac iNOS expression. However, a massive iNOS activation might exceed the capability of miR-939 to keep its expression in balance. miR-21 and miR-30e do not seem to influence cardiac iNOS levels in MI. Further studies are needed to evaluate downstream targets of these miRNAs and their signaling pathways to clarify their role in human MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Wilmes
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Luise Mildeberger
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel A Verhoff
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Silke Kauferstein
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Lin Z, Jiwani Z, Serpooshan V, Aghaverdi H, Yang PC, Aguirre A, Wu JC, Mahmoudi M. Sex Influences the Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy of Cardiac Nanomedicine Technologies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2305940. [PMID: 37803920 PMCID: PMC10997742 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine technologies are being developed for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Before delving into the nuances of cardiac nanomedicine, it is essential to comprehend the fundamental sex-specific differences in cardiovascular health. Traditionally, CVDs have been more prevalent in males, but it is increasingly evident that females also face significant risks, albeit with distinct characteristics. Females tend to develop CVDs at a later age, exhibit different clinical symptoms, and often experience worse outcomes compared to males. These differences indicate the need for sex-specific approaches in cardiac nanomedicine. This Perspective discusses the importance of considering sex in the safety and therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicine approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Lin
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Zahra Jiwani
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Vahid Serpooshan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Haniyeh Aghaverdi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Phillip C Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Regenerative Biology and cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Sciences and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Connors Center for Women’s Health & Gender Biology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Wilmes V, Kur IM, Weigert A, Verhoff MA, Gradhand E, Kauferstein S. iNOS expressing macrophages co-localize with nitrotyrosine staining after myocardial infarction in humans. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1104019. [PMID: 37063955 PMCID: PMC10098457 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionInducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) produces micromolar amounts of nitric oxide (NO) upon the right stimuli, whose further reactions can lead to oxidative stress. In murine models of myocardial infarction (MI), iNOS is known to be expressed in infiltrating macrophages, which at early onset enter the infarcted zone and are associated with inflammation. In contrast cardiac tissue resident macrophages are thought to enhance regeneration of tissue injury and re-establish homeostasis. Both detrimental and beneficial effects of iNOS have been described, still the role of iNOS in MI is not fully understood. Our aim was to examine cell expression patterns of iNOS and nitrotyrosine (NT) production in human MI.Material and MethodsWe examined in postmortem human MI hearts the iNOS mRNA expression by means of qPCR. Further we performed immunohistochemical stainings for cell type identification. Afterwards a distance analysis between iNOS and NT was carried out to determine causality between iNOS and NT production.ResultsiNOS mRNA expression was significantly increased in infarcted regions of human MI hearts and iNOS protein expression was detected in resident macrophages in infarcted human hearts as well as in controls hearts, being higher in resident macrophages in MI hearts compared to control. Furthermore in MI and in healthy human hearts cells showing signs of NT production peaked within 10–15 µm proximity of iNOS+ cells.DiscussionThese results indicate that, unexpectedly, resident macrophages are the main source of iNOS expression in postmortem human MI hearts. The peak of NT positive cells within 10–15 µm of iNOS+ cells suggest an iNOS dependent level of NT and therefore iNOS dependent oxidative stress. Our results contribute to understanding the role of iNOS in human MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Wilmes
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: Verena Wilmes
| | - Ivan M. Kur
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel A. Verhoff
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elise Gradhand
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Silke Kauferstein
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Zeng CY, Wang XF, Hua FZ. HIF-1α in Osteoarthritis: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927126. [PMID: 35865944 PMCID: PMC9294386 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common age-related joint degenerative disease. Pain, swelling, brief morning stiffness, and functional limitations are its main characteristics. There are still no well-established strategies to cure osteoarthritis. Therefore, better clarification of mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of osteoarthritis is critical to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Chondrocytes exist in a hypoxic environment, and HIF-1α plays a vital role in regulating hypoxic response. HIF-1α responds to cellular oxygenation decreases in tissue regulating survival and growth arrest of chondrocytes. The activation of HIF-1α could regulate autophagy and apoptosis of chondrocytes, decrease inflammatory cytokine synthesis, and regulate the chondrocyte extracellular matrix environment. Moreover, it could maintain the chondrogenic phenotype that regulates glycolysis and the mitochondrial function of osteoarthritis, resulting in a denser collagen matrix that delays cartilage degradation. Thus, HIF-1α is likely to be a crucial therapeutic target for osteoarthritis via regulating chondrocyte inflammation and metabolism. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of hypoxia in the pathogenic mechanisms of osteoarthritis, and focus on a series of therapeutic treatments targeting HIF-1α for osteoarthritis. Further clarification of the regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1α in osteoarthritis may provide more useful clues to developing novel osteoarthritis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Yang Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi-Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Feng Wang, ; Fu-Zhou Hua,
| | - Fu-Zhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Feng Wang, ; Fu-Zhou Hua,
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Xu HL, Li H, Bao RK, Tang YX, Elsherbeni AIA, Gharib HBA, Li JL. Transport Stress Induced Cardiac NO-NOS Disorder Is Mitigated by Activating Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 Antioxidant Defense Response in Newly Hatched Chicks. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:938826. [PMID: 35754548 PMCID: PMC9226774 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.938826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of the intensive poultry industry, the health problems of chickens caused by transportation have attracted more and more attention. Transport stress reduces performance, immune function, and meat quality in chicks, which has become one of the most important factors that endanger the development of the poultry industry. Currently, studies on the effects of transport stress have mainly focused on the performance of livestock and poultry to be slaughtered. However, the effects of transport stress on heart damage and oxidative stress in newborn chicks have not been reported. In this study, we selected newborn chicks as the object. This study was intended to explore the effects of transport stress on the heart damage of newly hatched chicks. The findings suggested that transport stress could cause oxidative stress in the hearts of newly hatched chicks by increasing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and decreasing the contents of Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD), together with increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione S-transferase (GST)). Transport stress disrupted the balance between oxidation and antioxidant systems. The Nrf2 signaling pathway was activated by transport stress and triggered the transcription of antioxidant signaling. In short, transport stress-induced nitric oxide (NO)—nitric oxide synthases (NOS) system metabolic disorders and cardiac oxidative stress are mitigated by activating the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) antioxidant defense response in newly hatched chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Liang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory of Sport Physiology and Biochemistry, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong-Kun Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi-Xi Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | | | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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MSCs-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Carrying miR-212-5p Alleviate Myocardial Infarction-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis via NLRC5/VEGF/TGF-β1/SMAD Axis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:302-316. [PMID: 34508321 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to define the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the progression of myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac fibrosis. An in vitro cell model of hypoxia-induced cardiac fibrosis was constructed in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). miR-212-5p was poorly expressed in clinical pathological samples and animal models of cardiac fibrosis caused by MI, while miR-212-5p expression was enriched in EVs released from MSCs. EVs from MSCs were isolated, evaluated, and co-cultured with CFs. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that miR-212-5p negatively targeted NLRC5 progression of cardiac fibrosis. Following loss- and gain-function assay, EVs expressing miR-212-5p protected against cardiac fibrosis evidenced by reduced levels of α-SMA, Collagen I, TGF-β1, and IL-1β. In vivo experiments further confirmed the above research results. Collectively, EVs from MSCs expressing miR-212-5p may attenuate MI by suppressing the NLRC5/VEGF/TGF-β1/SMAD axis.
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Mosqueira M, Konietzny R, Andresen C, Wang C, H A Fink R. Cardiomyocyte depolarization triggers NOS-dependent NO transient after calcium release, reducing the subsequent calcium transient. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:18. [PMID: 33728868 PMCID: PMC7966140 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and metabolic and signaling activities are centrally modulated by nitric oxide (NO), which is produced by one of three NO synthases (NOSs). Despite the significant role of NO in cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis regulation under different pathophysiological conditions, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), no precise method describes the production, source or effect of NO through two NO signaling pathways: soluble guanylate cyclase-protein kinase G (NO-sGC-PKG) and S-nitrosylation (SNO). Using a novel strategy involving isolated murine cardiomyocytes loaded with a copper-based dye highly specific for NO, we observed a single transient NO production signal after each electrical stimulation event. The NO transient signal started 67.5 ms after the beginning of Rhod-2 Ca2+ transient signal and lasted for approximately 430 ms. Specific NOS isoform blockers or NO scavengers significantly inhibited the NO transient, suggesting that wild-type (WT) cardiomyocytes produce nNOS-dependent NO transients. Conversely, NO transient in mdx cardiomyocyte, a mouse model of DMD, was dependent on inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial (eNOS). In a consecutive stimulation protocol, the nNOS-dependent NO transient in WT cardiomyocytes significantly reduced the next Ca2+ transient via NO-sGC-PKG. In mdx cardiomyocytes, this inhibitory effect was iNOS- and eNOS-dependent and occurred through the SNO pathway. Basal NO production was nNOS- and iNOS-dependent in WT cardiomyocytes and eNOS- and iNOS-dependent in mdx cardiomyocytes. These results showed cardiomyocyte produces NO isoform-dependent transients upon membrane depolarization at the millisecond time scale activating a specific signaling pathway to negatively modulate the subsequent Ca2+ transient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Mosqueira
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, R. 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Roland Konietzny
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, R. 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Andresen
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, R. 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chao Wang
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, R. 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Cardiovascular Department, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Rainer H A Fink
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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