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Barmada A, Handfield LF, Godoy-Tena G, de la Calle-Fabregat C, Ciudad L, Arutyunyan A, Andrés-León E, Hoo R, Porter T, Oszlanczi A, Richardson L, Calero-Nieto FJ, Wilson NK, Marchese D, Sancho-Serra C, Carrillo J, Presas-Rodríguez S, Ramo-Tello C, Ruiz-Sanmartin A, Ferrer R, Ruiz-Rodriguez JC, Martínez-Gallo M, Munera-Campos M, Carrascosa JM, Göttgens B, Heyn H, Prigmore E, Casafont-Solé I, Solanich X, Sánchez-Cerrillo I, González-Álvaro I, Raimondo MG, Ramming A, Martin J, Martínez-Cáceres E, Ballestar E, Vento-Tormo R, Rodríguez-Ubreva J. Single-cell multi-omics analysis of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases shows aberrant immune responses to infection. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350633. [PMID: 37799110 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
In COVID-19, hyperinflammatory and dysregulated immune responses contribute to severity. Patients with pre-existing autoimmune conditions can therefore be at increased risk of severe COVID-19 and/or associated sequelae, yet SARS-CoV-2 infection in this group has been little studied. Here, we performed single-cell analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with three major autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, or multiple sclerosis) during SARS-CoV-2 infection. We observed compositional differences between the autoimmune disease groups coupled with altered patterns of gene expression, transcription factor activity, and cell-cell communication that substantially shape the immune response under SARS-CoV-2 infection. While enrichment of HLA-DRlow CD14+ monocytes was observed in all three autoimmune disease groups, type-I interferon signaling as well as inflammatory T cell and monocyte responses varied widely between the three groups of patients. Our results reveal disturbed immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with pre-existing autoimmunity, highlighting important considerations for disease treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Barmada
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gerard Godoy-Tena
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laura Ciudad
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Arutyunyan
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Andrés-León
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPBLN-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Regina Hoo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tarryn Porter
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes Oszlanczi
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Richardson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Domenica Marchese
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sancho-Serra
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Silvia Presas-Rodríguez
- MS Unit, Department of Neurology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Ramo-Tello
- MS Unit, Department of Neurology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolfo Ruiz-Sanmartin
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Ferrer
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodriguez
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Gallo
- Division of Immunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Munera-Campos
- Dermatology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, LCMN, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Carrascosa
- Dermatology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, LCMN, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome & MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Prigmore
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ivette Casafont-Solé
- Department of Rheumatology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, LCMN, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Gabriella Raimondo
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Martin
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPBLN-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Cáceres
- Division of Immunology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, LCMN, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Ballestar
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Vento-Tormo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
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Pernicová E, Macounová P, Krsek M, Maďar R. Summary of Safety and Efficacy of COVID Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Eur Neurol 2023; 86:263-276. [PMID: 36871554 PMCID: PMC10614228 DOI: 10.1159/000529982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic represents one of the most challenging issues that have recently influenced everyday life in countries all over the world. Understanding the risk of this disease is of high importance in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as they represent a vulnerable population through their treatment with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Infective episodes may trigger relapses and lead to deterioration of the health condition. SUMMARY Vaccination is an important preventive measure against infectious diseases. In MS patients, concerns have been raised about the effectiveness of vaccines in patients on various immunomodulatory drugs and about their possible adverse effects including impairment of neurological functions. The objectives of this article were to summarize the current knowledge on immune responses to the COVID-19 vaccines and their safety in MS patients and to provide practical guidance based on the data available to date. KEY MESSAGES Although MS is not associated with a higher risk of COVID-19, this infection can trigger relapses or pseudo-relapses. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are recommended for all MS patients who are not in the active phase of the disease, despite the fact that there is still a lack of long-term reliable data on the effectiveness and safety of vaccines against COVID-19. Some DMTs can reduce vaccine humoral responses, but might still provide some protection and adequate T-cell response. To optimize the effectiveness of vaccination, the ideal timing of vaccine application and DMTs dosing regimen is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pernicová
- Avenier, Centres of Vaccination and Travel Medicine, Brno and Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petra Macounová
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia,
| | - Martin Krsek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Rastislav Maďar
- Avenier, Centres of Vaccination and Travel Medicine, Brno and Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
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