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Iguchi N, Dönmez Mİ, Malykhina AP, Wilcox DT. Anti-fibrotic effect of tocotrienols for bladder dysfunction due to partial bladder outlet obstruction. Investig Clin Urol 2023; 64:189-196. [PMID: 36882179 PMCID: PMC9995959 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate potential beneficial effects of tocotrienols which have been suggested to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, on partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO)-induced bladder pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS PBOO was surgically created in juvenile male mice. Sham-operated mice were used as controls. Animals received daily oral administration of either tocotrienols (T3) or soybean oil (SBO, vehicle) from day 0 to 13 post-surgery. Bladder function was examined in vivo by void spot assay. At 2 weeks post-surgery, the bladders were subjected to physiological evaluation of detrusor contractility in vitro using bladder strips, histology by H&E staining and collagen imaging, and gene expression analyses by quantitative PCR. RESULTS A significant increase in the number of small voids was observed after 1 week of PBOO compared to the control groups. At 2 weeks post-surgery, PBOO+SBO mice showed a further increase in the number of small voids, which was not observed in PBOO+T3 group. PBOO-induced decrease in detrusor contractility was similar between two treatments. PBOO induced bladder hypertrophy to the same degree in both SBO and T3 treatment groups, however, fibrosis in the bladder was significantly less prominent in the T3 group than the SBO group following PBOO (1.8- vs. 3.0-fold increase in collagen content compared to the control). Enhanced levels of HIF target genes in the bladders were observed in PBOO+SBO group, but not in PBOO+T3 group compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS Oral tocotrienol treatment reduced the progression of urinary frequency and bladder fibrosis by suppressing HIF pathways triggered by PBOO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Iguchi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M İrfan Dönmez
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anna P Malykhina
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Duncan T Wilcox
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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2
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Tanito M. Reported evidence of vitamin E protection against cataract and glaucoma. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:100-119. [PMID: 34695546 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cataract and glaucoma are the major causes of severe visual loss and blindness in older adults. This review article describes the currently available basic and clinical evidence regarding vitamin E protection against these eye diseases in the chronologic order of the publications. Experimental evidence has suggested both that oxidative stress due to the accumulation of free radicals plays a role in the pathogenesis of cataracts and glaucoma and that the process can be prevented or ameliorated by vitamin E. The results of observational studies have been inconsistent regarding the association between blood vitamin E levels and the risk of age-related cataract or glaucoma. Despite the encouraging effects of vitamin E from case series, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies in humans, the effects on cataract formation and/or progression have not been consistent among prospective and randomized control studies; few randomized control studies have tested the effects of supplemental vitamin E on glaucoma development or progression. Given the high prevalence of cataract and glaucoma in the elderly population, even a modest reduction in the risk for these eye diseases would potentially have a substantial public health impact; however, the potential benefits of vitamin E on cataract or glaucoma remain inconclusive and need to be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
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3
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Zahra KF, Lefter R, Ali A, Abdellah EC, Trus C, Ciobica A, Timofte D. The Involvement of the Oxidative Stress Status in Cancer Pathology: A Double View on the Role of the Antioxidants. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9965916. [PMID: 34394838 PMCID: PMC8360750 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9965916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS), are known by their "double-sided" nature in biological systems. The beneficial effects of ROS involve physiological roles as weapons in the arsenal of the immune system (destroying bacteria within phagocytic cells) and role in programmed cell death (apoptosis). On the other hand, the redox imbalance in favor of the prooxidants results in an overproduction of the ROS/RNS leading to oxidative stress. This imbalance can, therefore, be related to oncogenic stimulation. High levels of ROS disrupt cellular processes by nonspecifically attacking proteins, lipids, and DNA. It appears that DNA damage is the key player in cancer initiation and the formation of 8-OH-G, a potential biomarker for carcinogenesis. The harmful effect of ROS is neutralized by an antioxidant protection treatment as they convert ROS into less reactive species. However, contradictory epidemiological results show that supplementation above physiological doses recommended for antioxidants and taken over a long period can lead to harmful effects and even increase the risk of cancer. Thus, we are describing here some of the latest updates on the involvement of oxidative stress in cancer pathology and a double view on the role of the antioxidants in this context and how this could be relevant in the management and pathology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Fatima Zahra
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials/Agri-Food and Health, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Radu Lefter
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, 8th Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Ech-Chahad Abdellah
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Constantin Trus
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dunarea de Jos University, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11th Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Timofte
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Universitatii 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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4
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Bolotta A, Pini A, Abruzzo PM, Ghezzo A, Modesti A, Gamberi T, Ferreri C, Bugamelli F, Fortuna F, Vertuani S, Manfredini S, Zucchini C, Marini M. Effects of tocotrienol supplementation in Friedreich's ataxia: A model of oxidative stress pathology. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:201-212. [PMID: 31795754 PMCID: PMC7045332 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219890873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich’s ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by impaired mitochondrial function, resulting in oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed at evaluating whether tocotrienol, a phytonutrient that diffuses easily in tissues with saturated fatty layers, could complement the current treatment with idebenone, a quinone analogue with antioxidant properties. Five young Friedreich’s ataxia patients received a low-dose tocotrienol supplementation (5 mg/kg/day), while not discontinuing idebenone treatment. Several oxidative stress markers and biological parameters related to oxidative stress were evaluated at the time of initiation of treatment and 2 and 12 months post-treatment. Some oxidative stress-related parameters and some inflammation indices were altered in Friedreich’s ataxia patients taking idebenone alone and tended to be normal values following tocotrienol supplementation; likewise, a cardiac magnetic resonance study showed some improvement following one-year tocotrienol treatment. The pathway by which tocotrienol affects the Nrf2 modulation of hepcidin gene expression, a peptide involved in iron handling and in inflammatory responses, is viewed in the light of the disruption of the iron intracellular distribution and of the Nrf2 anergy characterizing Friedreich’s ataxia. This research provides a suitable model to analyze the efficacy of therapeutic strategies able to counteract the excess free radicals in Friedreich’s ataxia, and paves the way to long-term clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bolotta
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Antonella Pini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Provvidenza M Abruzzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ghezzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Alessandra Modesti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Firenze 50134, Italy
| | - Tania Gamberi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Firenze 50134, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Bugamelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Filippo Fortuna
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Pesaro 61121, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44100, Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Zucchini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marina Marini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan 20148, Italy
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5
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Chen C, Wang Z, Li J, Li Y, Huang P, Ding X, Yin J, He S, Yang H, Yin Y. Dietary vitamin E affects small intestinal histomorphology, digestive enzyme activity, and the expression of nutrient transporters by inhibiting proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells within jejunum in weaned piglets1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:1212-1221. [PMID: 30649512 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is an indispensable vitamin in piglet feed formula. Among other things, it affects tissues including small intestine tissues and in particular its major unit intestinal epithelial cells. Previously, limited in vivo experiments have focused on the effect of VE on the intestine, particularly digestion and absorption. VE has been shown to inhibit proliferation of some types of cells. This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that VE affects intestinal functions by influencing the intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. Thirty 21-d old weaned [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] piglets with BWs of 6.36 ± 0.55 kg were randomly divided into five VE-containing feeding formula groups. The treatments were (i) 0 IU (control), (ii) 16 IU, (iii) 32 IU, (iv) 4. 80 IU, and (v) 5. 160 IU. The treatments lasted 14 d. At the end of the experiment, all subjects were sacrificed to obtain blood and tissue samples. The results suggest that VE did not affect the growth performance. VE did tend to decrease jejunal crypt depth (linear, P = 0.056) and villus width (linear, P < 0.05). Sucrase activity significantly decreased in the adding 80 IU VE compared with the control (P < 0.05). Jejunal crypt, cell proliferation in 80 IU group significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.05). This study suggests that dietary VE may affect intestinal morphology and functions by inhibiting weaned piglet jejunal epithelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Chen
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaobin Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yali Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Huang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xueqin Ding
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanping He
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Academics Working Station at The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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6
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Zingg JM. Vitamin E: Regulatory Role on Signal Transduction. IUBMB Life 2018; 71:456-478. [PMID: 30556637 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E modulates signal transduction pathways by several molecular mechanisms. As a hydrophobic molecule located mainly in membranes it contributes together with other lipids to the physical and structural characteristics such as membrane stability, curvature, fluidity, and the organization into microdomains (lipid rafts). By acting as the main lipid-soluble antioxidant, it protects other lipids such as mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA, respectively) against chemical reactions with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) and prevents membrane destabilization and cellular dysfunction. In cells, vitamin E affects signaling in redox-dependent and redox-independent molecular mechanisms by influencing the activity of enzymes and receptors involved in modulating specific signal transduction and gene expression pathways. By protecting and preventing depletion of MUFA and PUFA it indirectly enables regulatory effects that are mediated by the numerous lipid mediators derived from these lipids. In recent years, some vitamin E metabolites have been observed to affect signal transduction and gene expression and their relevance for the regulatory function of vitamin E is beginning to be elucidated. In particular, the modulation of the CD36/FAT scavenger receptor/fatty acids transporter by vitamin E may influence many cellular signaling pathways relevant for lipid homeostasis, inflammation, survival/apoptosis, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, neurodegeneration, and senescence. Thus, vitamin E has an important role in modulating signal transduction and gene expression pathways relevant for its uptake, distribution, metabolism, and molecular action that when impaired affect physiological and patho-physiological cellular functions relevant for the prevention of a number of diseases. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(4):456-478, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Zingg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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7
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Zada M, Pattamatta U, White A. Modulation of Fibroblasts in Conjunctival Wound Healing. Ophthalmology 2017; 125:179-192. [PMID: 29079272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating conjunctival wound healing has the potential to improve outcomes after glaucoma filtration surgery and for several ocular disorders, including ocular cicatrial pemphigoid, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and pterygium. Although anti-inflammatories and antimetabolites have been used with success, these nonspecific agents are not without their complications. The search for novel and more targeted means to control conjunctival fibrosis without such limitations has brought much attention to the regulation of fibroblast proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix production, and apoptosis. This review provides an update on where we stand with current antifibrotic agents and outlines the strategies that novel agents use, as they evolve from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Zada
- Glaucoma Cell Biology Group, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ushasree Pattamatta
- Glaucoma Cell Biology Group, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew White
- Glaucoma Cell Biology Group, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Zingg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136-6129;
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9
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Engin KN, Erdem-Kuruca S, Akgün-Dar K, Çetin B, Karadenizli S, Gürel E, Yemisci B, Bilgiç S, Arslan M. The Evaluation of Human Tenon’s Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cell Responses to Antifibrotics Alone and in Combination with α-Tocopherol. Curr Eye Res 2014; 40:19-29. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2014.909496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Stahnke T, Löbler M, Kastner C, Stachs O, Wree A, Sternberg K, Schmitz KP, Guthoff R. Different fibroblast subpopulations of the eye: a therapeutic target to prevent postoperative fibrosis in glaucoma therapy. Exp Eye Res 2012; 100:88-97. [PMID: 22579993 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is the characterization of fibroblasts mainly responsible for fibrosis processes associated with trabeculectomy or microstent implantation for glaucoma therapy. Therefore we isolated human primary fibroblasts from choroidea, sclera, Tenon capsule, and orbital fat tissues. These fibroblast subpopulations were analysed in vitro for expression of the extracellular matrix components which are responsible for postoperative scarring in glaucoma therapy. For scarring the proteins of the collagen family are predominant and so we focused on the expression of collagen I, collagen III and collagen VI in every fibroblast subpopulation. Also, the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin which crosslinks collagen fibres or other extracellular matrix components and cell surfaces, was analyzed. Collagen I, III and VI were prominent in every fibroblast subpopulation. The highest amounts of collagen III were found in hCF and hOF, whereas the signal in hSF and hTF was negligible. Additionally, there is a link between scarring processes and proliferating potential of fibroblasts, in case of microstent implantation triggered through the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Thus we analyzed fibroblast subpopulations for the presence of TGF-β1 which is one of the most important cytokines involved in proliferation processes. TGF-β1 was prominent in all fibroblast subpopulations with lowest expression in hCF cultures. To prevent postoperative fibroblast proliferation we analyzed in vitro the proliferation-inhibitors paclitaxel and mitomycin C which are potential candidates in drug eluting drainage systems on ocular fibroblast subpopulations. These inhibitors arrest fibroblast proliferation and viability, being, however, not very specific and have a cytotoxic potential also on healthy tissues surrounding the microstent outflow area. Significant differences in protein synthesis of fibroblasts subpopulations which could be specific targets for inhibition may help to find out fibroblast specific inhibitors to prevent postoperative scarring and could prevent patients from secondary surgery after microstent implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stahnke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rostock, Doberaner Straße 140, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
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11
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Kim SJ, Kang HK, Kang SM. The Antifibrotic Effects of α-Tocotrienols in Primary Cultured Orbital Fibroblasts from Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy Patients. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2012.53.2.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suk Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Haeng Ku Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sung Mo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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12
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Khoo TL, Halim AS, Zakaria Z, Mat Saad AZ, Wu LY, Lau HY. A prospective, randomised, double-blinded trial to study the efficacy of topical tocotrienol in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2010; 64:e137-45. [PMID: 20869928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite widespread beliefs regarding the use of topical tocotrienol in the prevention of hypertrophic scars, there is very little evidence from well controlled and randomised clinical trials to justify its benefits for surgical scars. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of topical tocotrienol in preventing the development of hypertrophic scars. METHODS A prospective, randomised, double-blinded study was performed on 122 patients with recently healed (<2 weeks) surgical scars, who were randomised into either a treatment group with 5% topical tocotrienol or a placebo group. The patients were required to apply the preparation to their scars twice a day for 6 weeks starting at 2 weeks after surgery. Assessments of the scars were performed at weeks 0, 2, 6 and 16 following the onset of topical application using three methods: a clinical assessment using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), a photographic scar assessment by two independent assessors using a visual analogue scale and laser Doppler imaging (LDI). Data analysis was performed on 85 patients (tocotrienol group: 45 patients; placebo group: 40 patients), who had completed four assessments. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in scar parameters between the tocotrienol and the placebo groups in the POSAS, photographic scar assessment or mean flux of LDI (p>0.05) categories. The mean LDI flux showed a decreasing trend over time, which was positively correlated with vascularity (correlation coefficient=0.325, p=0.008) and total scores (correlation coefficient=0.248, p=0.034) of the observer scar assessment scale on week 0. No significant adverse effect was observed. CONCLUSIONS Twice-daily application of 5% topical tocotrienol had no significant effect on the appearance and vascularity of scars over 4 months post-surgery. LDI has a promising role as a scar assessment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Khoo
- Reconstructive Sciences Department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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