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Junga A, Babenko T, Fedirko P, Pilmane M. Distribution and appearance of myosin, dystrophin, and collagen IV in strabismus-affected extraocular muscle tissue compared with control tissue. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241233521. [PMID: 38436252 PMCID: PMC10913506 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241233521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extraocular muscles have complex development processes. The present study aimed to analyze the presence of myosin, dystrophin, and collagen IV in the strabismus-affected extraocular muscle. METHODS This research was an observational case-control study. Myosin, dystrophin, and collagen IV were detected by histological and immunohistochemical analyses of extraocular muscle samples from concomitant strabismus patients and controls. A semi-quantitative grading method and statistical analysis were used. RESULTS In the strabismus-affected extraocular muscle, morphological analysis demonstrated different-sized muscle fibers. Immature muscle fibers and an increased amount of connective tissue were also noted. Strong positive correlations were identified between myosin and collagen IV and between dystrophin and collagen IV. CONCLUSIONS The presence of newly formed muscle fibers, increased connective tissue, and variable diameters of skeletal striated muscle fibers indicate the decreased quality of extraocular muscles in strabismus cases. Reduced levels of myosin and dystrophin and a near absence of collagen IV in strabismus-affected skeletal striated muscle fibers characterized the muscular dystrophy of strabismus. Adjuvant therapy aimed at normalizing the metabolism of these muscles may be appropriate alongside concomitant strabismus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Junga
- Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Tetyana Babenko
- Institute of Radiation Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Fedirko
- Institute of Radiation Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mara Pilmane
- Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Rīga, Latvia
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Maciag EJ, Martín-Noguerol T, Ortiz-Pérez S, Torres C, Luna A. Understanding Visual Disorders through Correlation of Clinical and Radiologic Findings. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230081. [PMID: 38271255 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Patients presenting with visual disturbances often require a neuroimaging approach. The spectrum of visual disturbances includes three main categories: vision impairment, ocular motility dysfunction, and abnormal pupillary response. Decreased vision is usually due to an eye abnormality. However, it can also be related to other disorders affecting the visual pathway, from the retina to the occipital lobe. Ocular motility dysfunction may follow disorders of the cranial nerves responsible for eye movements (ie, oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves); may be due to any abnormality that directly affects the extraocular muscles, such as tumor or inflammation; or may result from any orbital disease that can alter the anatomy or function of these muscles, leading to diplopia and strabismus. Given that pupillary response depends on the normal function of the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways, an abnormality affecting these neuronal systems manifests, respectively, as pupillary miosis or mydriasis, with other related symptoms. In some cases, neuroimaging studies must complement the clinical ophthalmologic examination to better assess the anatomic and pathologic conditions that could explain the symptoms. US has a major role in the assessment of diseases of the eye and anterior orbit. CT is usually the first-line imaging modality because of its attainability, especially in trauma settings. MRI offers further information for inflammatory and tumoral cases. ©RSNA, 2024 Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa J Maciag
- From the Department of Radiology, MRI Unit, SERCOSA, HT médica, Clínica Las Nieves, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (E.J.M., T.M.N., A.L.); Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Ophthalmology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Granada Vision and Eye Research Team, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OHRI and Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.)
| | - Teodoro Martín-Noguerol
- From the Department of Radiology, MRI Unit, SERCOSA, HT médica, Clínica Las Nieves, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (E.J.M., T.M.N., A.L.); Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Ophthalmology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Granada Vision and Eye Research Team, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OHRI and Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.)
| | - Santiago Ortiz-Pérez
- From the Department of Radiology, MRI Unit, SERCOSA, HT médica, Clínica Las Nieves, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (E.J.M., T.M.N., A.L.); Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Ophthalmology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Granada Vision and Eye Research Team, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OHRI and Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.)
| | - Carlos Torres
- From the Department of Radiology, MRI Unit, SERCOSA, HT médica, Clínica Las Nieves, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (E.J.M., T.M.N., A.L.); Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Ophthalmology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Granada Vision and Eye Research Team, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OHRI and Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.)
| | - Antonio Luna
- From the Department of Radiology, MRI Unit, SERCOSA, HT médica, Clínica Las Nieves, Carmelo Torres 2, 23007 Jaén, Spain (E.J.M., T.M.N., A.L.); Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Ophthalmology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Granada Vision and Eye Research Team, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain (S.O.P.); Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Medical Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.); and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OHRI and Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.T.)
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Majeed HA, Al-Rubiay Y, Abbas AA, AL Nuaimi ME, Khammas HM, Alsaedi ZA, Al Jammal AM, Abdlhasn MM, Abdul-Gaffar AM, Mohammed OS, Abbood ZB, Badr BD, Fahad ZK, Abd-alzahra HAA, Al-dabbag HS, Mahmood L, Al-Qaseer MFT, Al-Khafaji ZNH, Shareef L. An overview of neuro-ophthalmic disorders at Jenna Ophthalmic Center, Baghdad, Iraq (2021-2022). J Med Life 2024; 17:99-108. [PMID: 38737659 PMCID: PMC11080512 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuro-ophthalmic disorders are often documented individually for each illness, with little data available on their overall incidence and pattern. The overall incidence of neuro-ophthalmic illnesses in Iraq is still not recorded. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, demographic, and etiological features of patients seeking consultation at an Iraqi neuro-ophthalmology clinic. A prospective cross-sectional observational research was conducted at the Janna Ophthalmic Center in Baghdad, Iraq. The center serves a diverse patient population from various governorates. All newly diagnosed patients with neuro-ophthalmic disorders who visited the neuro-ophthalmological clinic, regardless of gender or age group, were included. The neuro-ophthalmologist established a diagnosis for each case by reviewing the patient's medical history, doing physical examinations, administering specific tests, and, in certain cases, using neuroimaging methods. The duration of the study was extended from March 2021 to November 2022. Among the 6440 patients evaluated, 613 cases were confirmed at the neuro-ophthalmology clinic. Ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION, AION, and PION) was the most prevalent diagnosis, accounting for 17.61% of newly reported cases in the field of neuro-ophthalmology. This was followed by sixth nerve palsy. Diabetes mellitus affected 42.7% of the cases, followed by hypertension, which affected 39.3% of the participants. The incidence of neuro-ophthalmic diseases tended to be high. Ischemic optic neuropathy and sixth nerve palsy, traumatic/compressive optic neuropathy, and papilledema were the most common neuro-ophthalmic disorders reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Abdulhadi Majeed
- Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yasser Al-Rubiay
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohamed Mosa Abdlhasn
- Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Mhawi Abdul-Gaffar
- Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Zainab Basim Abbood
- Imamain Al-Kathimain Medical City, Al-Karkh Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | | | - Hasan Sameer Al-dabbag
- Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Labeeb Mahmood
- Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Laith Shareef
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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