1
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Endothelial contraction of retinal veins. Exp Eye Res 2023; 228:109386. [PMID: 36657697 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that porcine retinal veins can be contracted by vasoactive factors such as endothelin-1, but it is still unknown which cells play the major role in such contraction responses. This study seeks to confirm whether retinal vein endothelial cells play a significant role in the endothelin-1 induced contraction of porcine retinal veins. This is a novel study which provides confirmation of the endothelial cells' ability to contract retinal veins using a live vessel preparation. Retinal veins were isolated from porcine retina and cannulated for perfusion. The vessels were exposed to extraluminal delivery of endothelin-1 (10-8 M) and change in vessel diameter recorded automatically every 2 s. A phase contrast objective lens was also used to capture images of the endothelial cell morphometries. The length, width, area, and perimeter were assessed. In addition, vein histology and immuno-labeling for contractile proteins was performed. With 10-8 M endothelin-1 contractions to 63.6% of baseline were seen. The polygonal shape of the endothelial cells under normal tone became spindle-like after contraction. The area, width, perimeter and length were significantly reduced by 54.8%, 48.1%, 28.5% and 10.5% respectively. Three contractile proteins, myosin, calponin and alpha-SMA were found in retinal vein endothelial cells. Retinal vein endothelial cells contain contractile proteins and can be contracted by endothelin-1 administration. Such contractile capability may be important in regulating retinal perfusion but could also be a factor in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases such as retinal vein occlusion. As far as we are aware, this is the first study on living isolated veins to confirm that endothelial cells contribute to the endothelin-1 induced contraction.
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Zhernov YV, Simanduyev MY, Zaostrovtseva OK, Semeniako EE, Kolykhalova KI, Fadeeva IA, Kashutina MI, Vysochanskaya SO, Belova EV, Shcherbakov DV, Sukhov VA, Sidorova EA, Mitrokhin OV. Molecular Mechanisms of Scombroid Food Poisoning. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010809. [PMID: 36614252 PMCID: PMC9821622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Scombroid food poisoning (SFP) is a foodborne disease that develops after consumption of fresh fish and, rarely, seafood that has fine organoleptic characteristics but contains a large amount of exogenous histamine. SFP, like other food pseudo-allergic reactions (FPA), is a disorder that is clinically identical to allergic reactions type I, but there are many differences in their pathogenesis. To date, SFP has been widespread throughout the world and is an urgent problem, although exact epidemiological data on incidence varies greatly. The need to distinguish SFP from true IgE-associated allergy to fish and seafood is one of the most difficult examples of the differential diagnosis of allergic conditions. The most important difference is the absence of an IgE response in SFP. The pathogenesis of SFP includes a complex system of interactions between the body and chemical triggers such as exogenous histamine, other biogenic amines, cis-urocanic acid, salicylates, and other histamine liberators. Because of the wide range of molecular pathways involved in this process, it is critical to understand their differences. This may help predict and prevent poor outcomes in patients and contribute to the development of adequate hygienic rules and regulations for seafood product safety. Despite the vast and lengthy history of research on SFP mechanisms, there are still many blank spots in our understanding of this condition. The goals of this review are to differentiate various molecular mechanisms of SFP and describe methods of hygienic regulation of some biogenic amines that influence the concentration of histamine in the human body and play an important role in the mechanism of SFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury V. Zhernov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Medical Anthropology, N.N. Miklukho-Maclay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical and Biological Disciplines, Reaviz Medical University, 107564 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(915)-1552000
| | - Mark Y. Simanduyev
- The Baku Branch, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Baku AZ1141, Azerbaijan
| | - Olga K. Zaostrovtseva
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina E. Semeniako
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniia I. Kolykhalova
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna A. Fadeeva
- Department of Foreign Language, Faculty of World Economy, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria I. Kashutina
- Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Public Health Promotion, National Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy, Clinical Pharmacology and Emergency Medicine, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sonya O. Vysochanskaya
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Belova
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis V. Shcherbakov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly A. Sukhov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Sidorova
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Mitrokhin
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
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Tuning of Liver Sieve: The Interplay between Actin and Myosin Regulatory Light Chain Regulates Fenestration Size and Number in Murine Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179850. [PMID: 36077249 PMCID: PMC9456121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) facilitate the efficient transport of macromolecules and solutes between the blood and hepatocytes. The efficiency of this transport is realized via transcellular nanopores, called fenestrations. The mean fenestration size is 140 ± 20 nm, with the range from 50 nm to 350 nm being mostly below the limits of diffraction of visible light. The cellular mechanisms controlling fenestrations are still poorly understood. In this study, we tested a hypothesis that both Rho kinase (ROCK) and myosin light chain (MLC) kinase (MLCK)-dependent phosphorylation of MLC regulates fenestrations. We verified the hypothesis using a combination of several molecular inhibitors and by applying two high-resolution microscopy modalities: structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We demonstrated precise, dose-dependent, and reversible regulation of the mean fenestration diameter within a wide range from 120 nm to 220 nm and the fine-tuning of the porosity in a range from ~0% up to 12% using the ROCK pathway. Moreover, our findings indicate that MLCK is involved in the formation of new fenestrations—after inhibiting MLCK, closed fenestrations cannot be reopened with other agents. We, therefore, conclude that the Rho-ROCK pathway is responsible for the control of the fenestration diameter, while the inhibition of MLCK prevents the formation of new fenestrations.
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Fu Z. Molecular hydrogen is a potential protective agent in the management of acute lung injury. Mol Med 2022; 28:27. [PMID: 35240982 PMCID: PMC8892414 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is a more severe form of ALI, are life-threatening clinical syndromes observed in critically ill patients. Treatment methods to alleviate the pathogenesis of ALI have improved to a great extent at present. Although the efficacy of these therapies is limited, their relevance has increased remarkably with the ongoing pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes severe respiratory distress syndrome. Several studies have demonstrated the preventive and therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen in the various diseases. The biological effects of molecular hydrogen mainly involve anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and autophagy and cell death modulation. This review focuses on the potential therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen on ALI and its underlying mechanisms and aims to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of ALI and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiling Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Molecular hydrogen exerts biological effects on nearly all organs. It has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects and contributes to the regulation of autophagy and cell death. As the primary organ for gas exchange, the lungs are constantly exposed to various harmful environmental irritants. Short- or long-term exposure to these harmful substances often results in lung injury, causing respiratory and lung diseases. Acute and chronic respiratory diseases have high rates of morbidity and mortality and have become a major public health concern worldwide. For example, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic. An increasing number of studies have revealed that hydrogen may protect the lungs from diverse diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we highlight the multiple functions of hydrogen and the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in various lung diseases, with a focus on its roles in disease pathogenesis and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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6
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Li Y, Suo L, Fu Z, Li G, Zhang J. Pivotal role of endothelial cell autophagy in sepsis. Life Sci 2021; 276:119413. [PMID: 33794256 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a fatal organ dysfunction resulting from a disordered host response to infection. Endothelial cells (ECs) are usually the primary targets of inflammatory mediators in sepsis; damage to ECs plays a pivotal part in vital organ failure. In recent studies, autophagy was suggested to play a critical role in the ECs injury although the mechanisms by which ECs are injured in sepsis are not well elucidated. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that includes sequestrating plasma contents and transporting cargo to lysosomes for recycling the vital substrates required for metabolism. This pathway also counteracts microbial invasion to balance and retain homeostasis, especially during sepsis. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy is closely associated with endothelial function. The role of autophagy in sepsis may or may not be favorable depending upon conditions. In the present review, the current knowledge of autophagy in the process of sepsis and its influence on ECs was evaluated. In addition, the potential of targeting EC autophagy for clinical treatment of sepsis was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Liangyuan Suo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shengyang, Liaoning 110042, PR China
| | - Zhiling Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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7
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Adult Primary Capillary Hemangioma of the Sclera: A Previously Undescribed Entity With a Review of Epibulbar Vascular Lesions. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 36:327-333. [PMID: 31895731 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000001582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this article is to document a unique case of a primary hemangioma and review epibulbar vascular tumors of the conjunctiva and episclera. METHODS A case report with detailed histopathologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies coupled with a comprehensive review of the relevant literature with a tabulation of previously reported epibulbar vascular lesions was performed. RESULTS A vascular tumor developed in a 46-year-old woman over 2-3 months that histopathologically was located in the superficial third of the normally avascular sclera and was composed of capillary caliber vessels. CD31 and CD34 positivity established the vascular nature of the lesion. Despite its adult onset, the tumor was also glut-1 positive, a vascular characteristic of childhood capillary hemangiomas that will ultimately involute. Smooth muscle actin was positive in the endothelial cells and associated pericytes. An ectatic muscular vessel identified in the midst of the lesion was interpreted as an anomalous intrascleral branch of an epibulbar anterior ciliary artery, where it perforated the sclera in the vicinity of the insertion of an extraocular rectus muscle. It was deduced to be the source of the capillary proliferation. A literature review failed to identify any previously reported epibulbar vascular tumor that originated primarily in the sclera or secondarily infiltrated this ocular tunic. CONCLUSION An adult primary capillary intrascleral neoplasm is described as the rarest of all epibulbar vascular tumors and in keeping with the exceptional status of the ocular endothelium was glut-1 positive. This lesion must be distinguished from an array of other common and esoteric epibulbar vascular conditions.
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8
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Park KS, Schecterson L, Gumbiner BM. Enhanced endothelial barrier function by monoclonal antibody activation of vascular endothelial cadherin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1403-H1410. [PMID: 33577432 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00002.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive vascular permeability occurs in inflammatory disease processes. Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) is an adhesion protein that controls vascular permeability. We identified monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to human VE-cadherin that activate cell adhesion and inhibit the increased permeability of endothelial cell monolayers induced by thrombin receptor activator peptide-6 (TRAP-6). Two mAbs, 8A12c and 3A5a, reduce permeability, whereas an inhibitory mAb, 2E11d, enhances permeability. Activating mAbs also reduce permeability induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). The activating mAbs also stabilize the organization of the adherens junctions that are disrupted by TRAP-6, VEGF, or TNF-α. The activating mAbs act directly on the adhesive function of VE-cadherin because they did not block the accumulation of actin filaments stimulated by TRAP-6 and enhance physical cell-cell adhesion of VE-cadherin-expressing tissue culture cells. Therefore, VE-cadherin function can be regulated at the cell surface to control endothelial permeability.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Excessive vascular permeability is a serious complication of many inflammatory disease conditions. We have developed monoclonal antibodies that inhibit increases in endothelial monolayer permeability induced by several signaling factors by activating VE-cadherin mediated adhesion and stabilizing cell junctions. These antibodies and/or the mechanisms they reveal may lead to important therapeutics to treat vascular leakiness and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Sook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology/East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Leslayann Schecterson
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Barry M Gumbiner
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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9
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Abe RJ, Savage H, Imanishi M, Banerjee P, Kotla S, Paez-Mayorga J, Taunton J, Fujiwara K, Won JH, Yusuf SW, Palaskas NL, Banchs J, Lin SH, Schadler KL, Abe JI, Le NT. p90RSK-MAGI1 Module Controls Endothelial Permeability by Post-translational Modifications of MAGI1 and Hippo Pathway. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:542485. [PMID: 33304925 PMCID: PMC7693647 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.542485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that post-translational modifications (PTMs) of MAGI1, including S741 phosphorylation and K931 de-SUMOylation, both of which are regulated by p90RSK activation, lead to endothelial cell (EC) activation. However, roles for p90RSK and MAGI1-PTMs in regulating EC permeability remain unclear despite MAGI1 being a junctional molecule. Here, we show that thrombin (Thb)-induced EC permeability, detected by the electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) based system, was decreased by overexpression of dominant negative p90RSK or a MAGI1-S741A phosphorylation mutant, but was accelerated by overexpression of p90RSK, siRNA-mediated knockdown of magi1, or the MAGI1-K931R SUMOylation mutant. MAGI1 depletion also increased the mRNA and protein expression of the large tumor suppressor kinases 1 and 2 (LATS1/2), which inhibited YAP/TAZ activity and increased EC permeability. Because the endothelial barrier is a critical mediator of tumor hypoxia, we also evaluated the role of p90RSK activation in tumor vessel leakiness by using a relatively low dose of the p90RSK specific inhibitor, FMK-MEA. FMK-MEA significantly inhibited tumor vessel leakiness at a dose that does not affect morphology and growth of tumor vessels in vivo. These results provide novel insights into crucial roles for p90RSK-mediated MAGI1 PTMs and the Hippo pathway in EC permeability, as well as p90RSK activation in tumor vessel leakiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei J Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hannah Savage
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jesus Paez-Mayorga
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jack Taunton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Keigi Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jong Hak Won
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Syed Wamique Yusuf
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jose Banchs
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Keri L Schadler
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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10
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Wang Y, Wang M, Yu P, Zuo L, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Zhu H. MicroRNA-126 Modulates Palmitate-Induced Migration in HUVECs by Downregulating Myosin Light Chain Kinase via the ERK/MAPK Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:913. [PMID: 32850751 PMCID: PMC7411007 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is an endothelial-specific microRNA that has shown beneficial effects on endothelial dysfunction. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. The present study evaluated the effects of miR-126 on the cell migration and underlying mechanism in HUVECs treated with palmitate. The present results demonstrated that overexpression of miR-126 was found to decrease cell migration in palmitate-treated HUVECs, with decreased MLCK expression and subsequent decreased phosphorylated MLC level. miR-126 also decreased the phosphorylation of MYPT1 in palmitate-treated HUVECs. In addition, it was demonstrated that miR-126 decreases expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits, p67 and Rac family small GTPase 1 with a subsequent decrease in cell apoptosis. Moreover, the phosphorylation of ERK was reduced by miR-126 in palmitate-induced HUVECs. Taken together, the present study showed that the effect of miR-126 on cell migration and cell apoptosis is mediated through downregulation of MLCK via the ERK/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mei Wang
- General Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhou
- General Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huaqing Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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11
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Cheung KCP, Fanti S, Mauro C, Wang G, Nair AS, Fu H, Angeletti S, Spoto S, Fogolari M, Romano F, Aksentijevic D, Liu W, Li B, Cheng L, Jiang L, Vuononvirta J, Poobalasingam TR, Smith DM, Ciccozzi M, Solito E, Marelli-Berg FM. Preservation of microvascular barrier function requires CD31 receptor-induced metabolic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3595. [PMID: 32681081 PMCID: PMC7367815 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17329-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial barrier (EB) breaching is a frequent event during inflammation, and it is followed by the rapid recovery of microvascular integrity. The molecular mechanisms of EB recovery are poorly understood. Triggering of MHC molecules by migrating T-cells is a minimal signal capable of inducing endothelial contraction and transient microvascular leakage. Using this model, we show that EB recovery requires a CD31 receptor-induced, robust glycolytic response sustaining junction re-annealing. Mechanistically, this response involves src-homology phosphatase activation leading to Akt-mediated nuclear exclusion of FoxO1 and concomitant β-catenin translocation to the nucleus, collectively leading to cMyc transcription. CD31 signals also sustain mitochondrial respiration, however this pathway does not contribute to junction remodeling. We further show that pathologic microvascular leakage in CD31-deficient mice can be corrected by enhancing the glycolytic flux via pharmacological Akt or AMPK activation, thus providing a molecular platform for the therapeutic control of EB response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C P Cheung
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Silvia Fanti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Claudio Mauro
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Mindelson Way, Birmingham, B152WB, UK
| | - Guosu Wang
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anitha S Nair
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hongmei Fu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Silvia Angeletti
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Spoto
- Internal Medicine Department, University campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Fogolari
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Romano
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dunja Aksentijevic
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juho Vuononvirta
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Thanushiyan R Poobalasingam
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David M Smith
- AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK
| | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Unit of Medical Statistic and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Egle Solito
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita degli studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica M Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
- Centre for inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.
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12
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Mendez-Barbero N, Yuste-Montalvo A, Nuñez-Borque E, Jensen BM, Gutiérrez-Muñoz C, Tome-Amat J, Garrido-Arandia M, Díaz-Perales A, Ballesteros-Martinez C, Laguna JJ, Beitia J, Poulsen LK, Cuesta-Herranz J, Blanco-Colio LM, Esteban V. The TNF-like weak inducer of the apoptosis/fibroblast growth factor–inducible molecule 14 axis mediates histamine and platelet-activating factor–induced subcutaneous vascular leakage and anaphylactic shock. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:583-596.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Wang X, Obeidat M, Li L, Pasarj P, Aburahess S, Holmes CFB, Ballermann BJ. TIMAP inhibits endothelial myosin light chain phosphatase by competing with MYPT1 for the catalytic protein phosphatase 1 subunit PP1cβ. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13280-13291. [PMID: 31315927 PMCID: PMC6737228 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β membrane associated protein (TIMAP) is an endothelial cell (EC)-predominant PP1 regulatory subunit and a member of the myosin phosphatase target (MYPT) protein family. The MYPTs preferentially bind the catalytic protein phosphatase 1 subunit PP1cβ, forming myosin phosphatase holoenzymes. We investigated whether TIMAP/PP1cβ could also function as a myosin phosphatase. Endogenous PP1cβ, myosin light chain 2 (MLC2), and myosin IIA heavy chain coimmunoprecipitated from EC lysates with endogenous TIMAP, and endogenous MLC2 colocalized with TIMAP in EC projections. Purified recombinant GST-TIMAP interacted directly with purified recombinant His-MLC2. However, TIMAP overexpression in EC enhanced MLC2 phosphorylation, an effect not observed with a TIMAP mutant that does not bind PP1cβ. Conversely, MLC2 phosphorylation was reduced in lung lysates from TIMAP-deficient mice and upon silencing of endogenous TIMAP expression in ECs. Ectopically expressed TIMAP slowed the rate of MLC2 dephosphorylation, an effect requiring TIMAP-PP1cβ interaction. The association of MYPT1 with PP1cβ was profoundly reduced in the presence of excess TIMAP, leading to proteasomal MYPT1 degradation. In the absence of TIMAP, MYPT1-associated PP1cβ readily bound immobilized microcystin-LR, an active-site inhibitor of PP1c. By contrast, TIMAP-associated PP1cβ did not interact with microcystin-LR, indicating that the active site of PP1cβ is blocked when it is bound to TIMAP. Thus, TIMAP inhibits myosin phosphatase activity in ECs by competing with MYPT1 for PP1cβ and blocking the PP1cβ active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Marya Obeidat
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Laiji Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Phuwadet Pasarj
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Salah Aburahess
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Charles F B Holmes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Barbara J Ballermann
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
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14
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Abstract
The pulmonary endothelial cell forms a critical semi-permeable barrier between the vascular and interstitial space. As part of the blood-gas barrier in the lung, the endothelium plays a key role in normal physiologic function and pathologic disease. Changes in endothelial cell shape, defined by its plasma membrane, determine barrier integrity. A number of key cytoskeletal regulatory and effector proteins including non-muscle myosin light chain kinase, cortactin, and Arp 2/3 mediate actin rearrangements to form cortical and membrane associated structures in response to barrier enhancing stimuli. These actin formations support and interact with junctional complexes and exert forces to protrude the lipid membrane to and close gaps between individual cells. The current knowledge of these cytoskeletal processes and regulatory proteins are the subject of this review. In addition, we explore novel advancements in cellular imaging that are poised to shed light on the complex nature of pulmonary endothelial permeability.
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15
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Histamine causes endothelial barrier disruption via Ca 2+-mediated RhoA activation and tension at adherens junctions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13229. [PMID: 30185878 PMCID: PMC6125323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During inflammation, the disruption of the endothelial barrier leads to increased microvascular permeability. Whether tension along cell junctions contributes to histamine-induced endothelial barrier disruption remains unknown. Rapid Ca2+ influx induced by both histamine and thrombin was accompanied by endothelial barrier breakdown revealed as drop of transendothelial electric resistance in primary human microvascular endothelial cells. Interestingly, GLISA measurements revealed activation of RhoA but not inactivation of Rac1 at the time-point of barrier breakdown. FRET measurements showed activation of RhoA at intercellular junctions after both thrombin and histamine exposure. Breakdown coincided with increased stress fiber formation but not with translocation of vinculin, which was located along junctions in the resting state similar to postcapillary venules ex vivo. Moreover, increased tension at AJs was indicated by immunostaining with a conformation-sensitive antibody targeting the α18-subunit of α-catenin. Ca2+ chelation by BAPTA-AM and ROCK1 inhibition by Y27632 abolished both increase of tension along AJs as well as barrier dysfunction. Moreover, BAPTA-AM decreased RhoA activation following histamine stimulation, indicating a key role of Ca2+ signaling in barrier breakdown. Taken together, in response to histamine, Ca2+ via RhoA/ROCK activation along endothelial adherens junctions (AJs) appears to be critical for barrier disruption and presumably correlated with enhanced tension. However, vinculin appears not to be critical in this process.
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16
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Chen B, Yang Z, Yang C, Qin W, Gu J, Hu C, Chen A, Ning J, Yi B, Lu K. A self-organized actomyosin drives multiple intercellular junction disruption and directly promotes neutrophil recruitment in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201701506RR. [PMID: 29879372 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701506rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), with the hallmarks of vascular integrity disruption and neutrophil recruitment, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Enhanced actomyosin assembly contributes to endothelial cell contact dysfunction. However, the roles and mechanisms of actomyosin assembly in ALI are not totally clear. We investigated the dynamic alterations and roles of actomyosin in ALI in vivo and in vitro models induced by LPS. Pulmonary levels of E-cadherin, vascular endothelial-cadherin, occludin, myosin phosphatase target subunit 1, and thymosin β4 were decreased, and the number and activity of neutrophils and the levels of actomyosin, p-ρ-associated protein kinase, p-myosin light-chain kinase, and profilin1 were increased within 3 d after LPS administration, and then, those alterations were recovered within the next 4 d, which was consistent with the alterations of lung histology, vascular permeability, edema, and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Direct or indirect inhibition of increased F-actin or myosin assembly ameliorated the reduction of intercellular junction molecules, the activation and migration of neutrophils, and the degree of lung injury. Moreover, neutrophil activation further promoted actomyosin assembly and aggravated lung injury. Conclusively, the enhancement of self-organized actomyosin contributes to alveolar-capillary barrier disruption and neutrophil recruitment in inflammatory response, which is a potential therapeutic target for ALI.-Chen, B., Yang, Z., Yang, C., Qin, W., Gu, J., Hu, C., Chen, A., Ning, J., Yi, B., Lu, K. A self-organized actomyosin drives multiple intercellular junction disruption and directly promotes neutrophil recruitment in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Congwen Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhan Qin
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianteng Gu
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanmin Hu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaolin Ning
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaizhi Lu
- Department of Anesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Dynamic of VE-cadherin-mediated spermatid-Sertoli cell contacts in the mouse seminiferous epithelium. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:173-185. [PMID: 29797291 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Spermatids are haploid differentiating cells that, in the meantime they differentiate, translocate along the seminiferous epithelium towards the tubule lumen to be just released as spermatozoa. The success of such a migration depends on dynamic of spermatid-Sertoli cell contacts, the molecular nature of which has not been well defined yet. It was demonstrated that the vascular endothelial cadherin (VEC) is expressed transitorily in the mouse seminiferous epithelium. Here, we evaluated the pattern of VEC expression by immunohistochemistry first in seminiferous tubules at different stages of the epithelial cycle when only unique types of germ cell associations are present. Changes in the pattern of VEC localization according to the step of spermatid differentiation were analysed in detail using testis fragments and spontaneously released germ cells. Utilizing the first wave of spermatogenesis as an in vivo model to have at disposal spermatids at progressive steps of differentiation, we checked for level of looser VEC association with the membrane by performing protein solubilisation under mild detergent conditions and assays through VEC-immunoblotting. Being changes in VEC solubilisation paralleled in changes in phosphotyrosine (pY) content, we evaluated if spermatid VEC undergoes Y658 phosphorylation and if this correlates with VEC solubilisation and spermatid progression in differentiation. Altogether, our study shows a temporally restricted pattern of VEC expression that culminates with the presence of round spermatids to progressively decrease starting from spermatid elongation. Conversely, pY658-VEC signs elongating spermatids; its intracellular polarized compartmentalization suggests a possible involvement of pY658-VEC in the acquisition of spermatid cell polarity.
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18
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Schnoor M, García Ponce A, Vadillo E, Pelayo R, Rossaint J, Zarbock A. Actin dynamics in the regulation of endothelial barrier functions and neutrophil recruitment during endotoxemia and sepsis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1985-1997. [PMID: 28154894 PMCID: PMC11107778 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of death worldwide. Increased vascular permeability is a major hallmark of sepsis. Dynamic alterations in actin fiber formation play an important role in the regulation of endothelial barrier functions and thus vascular permeability. Endothelial integrity requires a delicate balance between the formation of cortical actin filaments that maintain endothelial cell contact stability and the formation of actin stress fibers that generate pulling forces, and thus compromise endothelial cell contact stability. Current research has revealed multiple molecular pathways that regulate actin dynamics and endothelial barrier dysfunction during sepsis. These include intracellular signaling proteins of the small GTPases family (e.g., Rap1, RhoA and Rac1) as well as the molecules that are directly acting on the actomyosin cytoskeleton such as myosin light chain kinase and Rho kinases. Another hallmark of sepsis is an excessive recruitment of neutrophils that also involves changes in the actin cytoskeleton in both endothelial cells and neutrophils. This review focuses on the available evidence about molecules that control actin dynamics and regulate endothelial barrier functions and neutrophil recruitment. We also discuss treatment strategies using pharmaceutical enzyme inhibitors to target excessive vascular permeability and leukocyte recruitment in septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schnoor
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Centre for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Alexander García Ponce
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Centre for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vadillo
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Centre for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Oncology Research Unit, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute for Social Security, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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19
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Kaessmeyer S, Sehl J, Khiao In M, Hiebl B, Merle R, Jung F, Franke RP, Plendl J. Organotypic soft-tissue co-cultures: Morphological changes in microvascular endothelial tubes after incubation with iodinated contrast media. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 64:391-402. [PMID: 27935551 DOI: 10.3233/ch-168119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical complications like thrombosis or anaphylaxis have been described to go along with the intra-venous or intra-arterial injection of iodinated contrast media (CM). It has been suggested that the administration of CM affects rheological parameters and thereby causes reduced blood velocity in microvessels. In vitro studies revealed significant buckling of endothelial cells after exposure to CM reducing the lumen of vessels. The aim of this study was to test the influence of CM on three-dimensional microvascular tubules with open lumina within an organotypic soft-tissue co-culture assay in vitro. This model, which is based on the co-culture of endothelial cells and fibroblasts, allows the analysis and quantitation of different parameters of microvascular endothelial capillary structures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells were co-cultured for 10 days. Fibroblasts were adapted to the endothelial cell medium before co-culture and allowed to proliferate as well as produce extracellular matrix. The co-cultures were exposed to three different CM, i.e., Iomeprol (Imeron 400MCT), Iodixanol (Visipaque 320) or Iohexol (Accupaque 350) for 1.5 minutes or 5.0 minutes, respectively. For this, a mixture of CM and cell culture medium in a ratio of 30% CM by volume was prepared. After fixation in methanol/acetone, the endothelial cells were immunolabeled with the endothelial marker anti-CD31 and the tubular structures were assessed morphometrically. RESULTS In the organotypic soft-tissue co-cultures with fibroblasts, the endothelial cells developed three-dimensional capillary-like structures which expanded via sprouting branches. After incubation with the different CM, the numbers of endothelial tubes (p = 0.001) and their lengths (p = 0.003) were significantly lower after the 5 minutes incubation time, when compared to the 1.5 minutes incubation time. The tubular diameters were significantly reduced after 5 minutes (p < 0.001), when compared to the 1.5 minutes incubation duration. Interestingly, Iomeprol and Iodixanol induced an elongation of the tubular branches during incubation duration of 1.5 minutes (p = 0.015). However, after 5 minutes incubation, the tubular branches were drastically shorter in the presence of Iomeprol and Iodixanol than the tubular branches of the control (p = 0.007). SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION All CM exerted a negative effect on the parameters of in vitro blood vessel development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kaessmeyer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Sehl
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Khiao In
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Hiebl
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Merle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - R P Franke
- Central Institute for Biomedical Technology, Biomaterials Division, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - J Plendl
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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20
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In focus in HCB: from cell biology to tissue structure and function. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:645-646. [PMID: 27796529 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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