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Desgorces FD. About exercise control in studies on high-intensity interval exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1863-1864. [PMID: 37195502 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- François-Denis Desgorces
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- URP 7329-IRMES (Institute for Research in Medicine and Epidemiology of Sport), INSEP, Paris, France.
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2
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Currie KD, Dizonno V, Oh PI, Goodman JM. Acute physiological responses to high-intensity interval exercise in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:737-747. [PMID: 36445494 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Time spent closer to maximal effort during exercise is a potent stimulus for cardiorespiratory adaptations. The primary purpose was to determine which high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) protocol provided the greatest physiological stimulus by comparing time spent ≥ 90% peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) and heart rate reserve (HRR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in response to 3 HIIE protocols and the exercise standard of care, moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE). A secondary purpose was to assess protocol preference. METHODS Fifteen patients with CAD (6 females, 67 ± 6 years) underwent measurements of V̇O2 and heart rate during MICE and three HIIE protocols all performed on a treadmill. The HIIE protocols included one with long intervals (4 × 4-min), short intervals (10 × 1-min), and an adapted version of the 4 × 4 [Toronto Rehabilitation Institute Protocol, (TRIP)]. Time spent ≥ 90% V̇O2peak and HRR were compared. RESULTS Time spent ≥ 90% V̇O2peak was higher during 4 × 4 (6.3 ± 8.4 min) vs. MICE (1.7 ± 3.9 min; P = 0.001), while time spent ≥ 90% HRR was higher during 4 × 4 (6.0 ± 5.3 min) vs. MICE (0.1 ± 0.2 min; P < 0.001) and 10 × 1 (0.7 ± 0.8 min; P = 0.016). TRIP had similar responses as 10 × 1 and MICE. The 10 × 1 was the most preferred protocol and the 4 × 4 was the least preferred protocol. CONCLUSION Longer intervals (4 × 4) provided the greatest physiological stimulus compared to the exercise standard of care and shorter intervals. However, this protocol was least preferred which may impact exercise adherence. Although the physiological stimulus is important to maximize training adaptations, exercise preferences and attitudes should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine D Currie
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Vanessa Dizonno
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul I Oh
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jack M Goodman
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Li H, Wei M, Zhang L, Huang L, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhuang S, Wu X, Wu J. Factors contributing to exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:35. [PMID: 36941646 PMCID: PMC10026462 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise tolerance plays a vital role in the process of cardiac rehabilitation in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study sought to determine the characteristics, risks and correlates of post-PCI exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We analyzed clinical data of 299 CAD patients undergoing elective PCI and completing cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). According to the Weber classification, post-PCI exercise tolerance was evaluated by peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). We assessed the impact of 34 predefined clinical features, cardiac functional parameters, and blood biochemistry data on exercise tolerance by univariate analysis and logistics regression analysis. RESULTS Of 299 patients, 74.92% were men and average age was 60.90 ± 10.68 years. VO2 peak in the entire population was 17.54 ± 3.38 ml/kg/min, and 24.41% (n = 73) were less than 16 ml/kg/min, who were considered to have exercise intolerance. Multivariate logistics regression results showed that sex, diabetes mellitus, number of stents, left atrial diameter (LAD), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and hemoglobin influenced the peak oxygen uptake of CAD patients undergoing elective PCI. (All p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Nearly one quarter of CAD patients have exercise intolerance in the early post-PCI period. Female, diabetes mellitus, number of stents, LAD, EDV might negatively impacted post-PCI exercise tolerance, which need further warrant by large scale cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husheng Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Minqian Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, No. 358, Datong Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, No. 358, Datong Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Lan Huang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shaowei Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Xubo Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, No. 358, Datong Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200137, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Liu H, Liu F, Ji H, Dai Z, Han W. A Bibliometric Analysis of High-Intensity Interval Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192113745. [PMID: 36360625 PMCID: PMC9658065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As global quality of life has improved, the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases have gradually increased in prevalence. People have consequently sought to improve their health through physical exercise. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) tool that has been of great interest for several years. However, its feasibility and safety remain controversial. This study aimed to explore hot research topics and new directions regarding the role of HIIT in CR and to describe the dynamic development of the field. We used the Web of Science Core Collection database to develop visualizations using CiteSpace software (v.6.1.R2). The number of articles published, institutional collaboration networks, author partnerships, and keyword co-occurrence and clustering were used to analyze the impact of HIIT on CR. Our results showed that Norway, Canada, and the United States were the most prominent contributors to this field. Articles by Nigam, A and Juneau, M had the highest number of citations. The Norwegian University of Science and Technology had performed the most in-depth research in this area. The European Journal of Preventive Cardiology had published the most articles. The United States had the highest number of publishing journals. Relevant issues focused on coronary artery disease, exercise capacity, heart failure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity. HIIT in heart transplantation may be at the forefront of research in this field and future studies should focus on this topic. HIIT-based CR can therefore improve the exercise capacity and quality of life of cardiovascular patients and improve patient compliance in a safe manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Liu
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Research Center of Sports Reform and Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Institute of Physical Fitness and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Feiyue Liu
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Haoyuan Ji
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zuanqin Dai
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Wenxiu Han
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
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The effect of acute high-intensity interval exercise on post-exercise blood pressure in post coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients: a pilot study. TURKISH JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.31459/turkjkin.1092119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is the main cause of death worldwide. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a preferred treatment option for multi-vessel disease and left main disease patients. Physical training (recovery) enhances exercise tolerance, an activity of daily living, and quality of life in this patient. For this, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of acute high-intensity interval exercise on post-exercise blood pressure in CABG patients. In this study, all patients underwent open-heart surgery at least 1 month before involvement in the study. All Subjects were included after Medical rigorous screening. Participants carried out two experimental sessions of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and mild continuous exercise (MCE) with a minimum of 72 h intervals: This study employed a randomized, cross-over design, Brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured Immediately before (pre) and after (post) and approximately15 min(post-15) and 30 min (post-30) after each exercise bout. The Split-Plot Analysis of Variance with repeated measures (group × time) was used to analyze the data. Significant post-exercise increases in SBP, and HR were seen following each protocol (p
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Yue T, Wang Y, Liu H, Kong Z, Qi F. Effects of High-Intensity Interval vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:845225. [PMID: 35282360 PMCID: PMC8904881 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is superior to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for increasing peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. To our knowledge, previously published systematic reviews have neither compared different HIIT models with MICT nor investigated intervention frequencies of HIIT vs. MICT for purposes of improving cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD. Objective The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of different training models, intervention frequencies and weeks of HIIT vs. MICT on changes in cardiorespiratory fitness during cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Methods A systematic search was carried out for research articles on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indexed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases for the period up to December 2021. We searched for RCTs that compared the effect of HIIT vs. MICT on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD. Results Twenty-two studies with 949 participants (HIIT: 476, MICT: 473) met the inclusion criteria. Sensitivity analysis revealed that HIIT increased VO2peak more than MICT (MD = 1.35). In the training models and durations, there was a greater increase in VO2peak with medium-interval HIIT (MD = 4.02) and more than 12 weeks duration (MD = 2.35) than with MICT. There were significant improvements in VO2peak with a HIIT frequency of 3 times/week (MD = 1.28). Overall, one minor cardiovascular and four non-cardiovascular adverse events were reported in the HIIT group, while six non-cardiovascular adverse events were reported in the MICT group. Conclusion HIIT is safe and appears to be more effective than MICT for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD. Medium-interval HIIT 3 times/week for more than 12 weeks resulted in the largest improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness during CR. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021245810, identifier: CRD42021245810.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yue
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaowei Kong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Fengxue Qi
- Sports, Exercise and Brain Sciences Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Salmanpour M, Soori R, H'mida C, Halouani J, Clarck CT, Pournemati P, Yari SM, Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Chtourou H, Taheri M. The effect of 8 weeks of combined interval (resistance-interval training) and combined endurance (endurance-resistance training) on plasma levels of adropin and nitric oxide in males with high blood pressure. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 191:2559-2568. [PMID: 35029793 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator that plays an important role in blood pressure control. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of 8 weeks of resistance-interval and endurance-resistance trainings on plasma levels of adropin and NO in males with hypertension. METHOD Forty-five patients with hypertension were recruited and divided into 3 groups of control (age = 51.1 ± 6.4 years, body mass = 80.4 ± 9.2 kg), resistance-interval training (age = 50.7 ± 5.5 years, body mass = 78.1 ± 11 kg), and endurance-resistance training (age = 52.8 ± 6.1 years, body mass = 79.6 ± 9.2 kg). The resistance training program was performed in 2 sets, 10 to 15 repetitions, with 50% intensity of one repetition maximum. Increasing endurance training was performed for 30-40 min at 60-70% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) on the bike. The high-intensity interval training program consisted of 4 intervals of 80 to 90% of HRmax and 3-min recovery periods of 60 to 70% of HRmax. Blood samples were collected 1 week before the start of the training program and 48 h after the last training session. Plasma levels of adropin and nitrite/nitrate were measured by ELISA before and after the exercise interventions. RESULTS Eight weeks of resistance-interval and endurance-resistance trainings increased plasma levels of adropin and NO and decreased blood pressure (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, plasma levels of adropin increased in both exercise groups, whereas NO levels increased only in the endurance-resistance training. Systolic blood pressure decreased in the resistance-interval training (P ≤ 0.05) while it remained unchanged in the endurance-resistance group. CONCLUSION Resistance-interval and endurance-resistance trainings are effective in decreasing blood pressure by increasing cardiorespiratory capacity and plasma levels of adropin and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahman Soori
- Professor of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Cyrine H'mida
- Institut Supérieur du Sport Et de L'éducation Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health. EM2S, LR19JS01., High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax., Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jamel Halouani
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health. EM2S, LR19JS01., High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax., Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Cain T Clarck
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Parisa Pournemati
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Khaled Trabelsi
- Institut Supérieur du Sport Et de L'éducation Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health. EM2S, LR19JS01., High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax., Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Institut Supérieur du Sport Et de L'éducation Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Morteza Taheri
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
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Batalik L, Pepera G, Papathanasiou J, Rutkowski S, Líška D, Batalikova K, Hartman M, Felšőci M, Dosbaba F. Is the Training Intensity in Phase Two Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Different in Telehealth versus Outpatient Rehabilitation? J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184069. [PMID: 34575185 PMCID: PMC8466823 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telehealth cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a feasible and effective alternative to conventional outpatient CR. Present evidence is limited on the comparison of exercise intensity adherence in telehealth and outpatient CR. The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare training intensity adherence through 12-week phase II CR in telehealth and outpatient CR. A sample of 56 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with a mean age of 56.7 ± 7.1 entering comprehensive secondary prevention phase II was randomized into telehealth CR (n = 28) and control outpatient CR (n = 28) groups. The primary outcome was a comparison of training intensity adherence in both CR models and heart rate (HR) response from individual CR sessions, expressed by the HR reserve percentage. As a result, the parameter HR reserve percentage as the total average of the training intensity during the telehealth intervention and the outpatient CR did not differ statistically (p = 0.63). There was no death case, and all severe adverse cases required medical admission throughout an exercise training session in study subjects in both groups. This research evidence demonstrated that the telehealth CR model is similar in training intensities to the conventional outpatient CR in CAD patients with low to moderate cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Batalik
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (M.H.); (F.D.)
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Garyfallia Pepera
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 35100 Lamia, Greece;
| | - Jannis Papathanasiou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Allergology & Physiotherapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
- Department of Kinesitherapy, Faculty of Public Health “Prof. Dr. Tzecomir Vodenicharov, Ph.D”, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sebastian Rutkowski
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland;
| | - David Líška
- Faculty of Arts, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Matej Bel University, 97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia;
| | - Katerina Batalikova
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (M.H.); (F.D.)
| | - Martin Hartman
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (M.H.); (F.D.)
| | - Marián Felšőci
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Dosbaba
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (M.H.); (F.D.)
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Marriott CFS, Petrella AFM, Marriott ECS, Boa Sorte Silva NC, Petrella RJ. High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2021; 7:49. [PMID: 34279765 PMCID: PMC8289951 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an increasingly popular form of aerobic exercise which includes bouts of high-intensity exercise interspersed with periods of rest. The health benefits, risks, and optimal design of HIIT are still unclear. Further, most research on HIIT has been done in young and middle-aged adults, and as such, the tolerability and effects in senior populations are less well-known. The purpose of this scoping review was to characterize HIIT research that has been done in older adults including protocols, feasibility, and safety and to identify gaps in the current knowledge. Five databases were searched with variations of the terms, "high-intensity interval training" and "older adults" for experimental or quasi-experimental studies published in or after 2009. Studies were included if they had a treatment group with a mean age of 65 years or older who did HIIT, exclusively. Of 4644 papers identified, 69 met the inclusion criteria. The average duration of training was 7.9 (7.0) weeks (mean [SD]) and protocols ranged widely. The average sample size was 47.0 (65.2) subjects (mean [SD]). Healthy populations were the most studied group (n = 30), followed by subjects with cardiovascular (n = 12) or cardiac disease (n = 9), metabolic dysfunction (n = 8), and others (n = 10). The most common primary outcomes included changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (such as VO2peak) as well as feasibility and safety of the protocols as measured by the number of participant dropouts, adverse events, and compliance rate. HIIT protocols were diverse but were generally well-tolerated and may confer many health advantages to older adults. Larger studies and more research in clinical populations most representative of older adults are needed to further evaluate the clinical effects of HIIT in these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F. S. Marriott
- Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON Canada
| | - Andrea F. M. Petrella
- Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON Canada
| | - Emily C. S. Marriott
- Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON Canada
| | - Narlon C. Boa Sorte Silva
- Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON Canada
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Robert J. Petrella
- Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, ON Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 320 - 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
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Trachsel LD, Boidin M, Henri C, Fortier A, Lalongé J, Juneau M, Nigam A, Gayda M. Women and men with coronary heart disease respond similarly to different aerobic exercise training modalities: a pooled analysis of prospective randomized trials. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:417-425. [PMID: 33096006 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to compare cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) parameters, cardiac adaptations, and proportion of responders after different aerobic training programs amongst women and men with coronary heart disease (CHD). Patients with CHD were evaluated with a CPET and echocardiography before and after 3 months of aerobic exercise training. Peak oxygen uptake exercise training response was assessed according to the median peak oxygen uptake change for post- versus pretraining in the whole cohort (stratification non/low responders (NLR) vs. high-responders) and normalized for lean body mass (LBM). Eighty-three CHD patients were included (19 women, 64 men; 27 patients with interval, 19 with continuous, and 37 with combination exercises). Peak oxygen uptake, peak workload normalized for LBM, pulmonary variables (i.e., ventilation and oxygen uptake efficiency slope), and O2 pulse were significantly lower in women versus men. These parameters improved similarly with training in both sexes (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the proportion of NLR among women and men with CHD (7/19 (37%) vs. 35/64 (55%), p = 0.1719). Left ventricular ejection fraction and mean peak early diastolic mitral annulus velocity improved similarly with training in both sexes (p < 0.05). Women and men with CHD have a similar exercise training response regarding key CPET and echocardiographic parameters. The proportion of responders is similar. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03414996, NCT02048696, NCT03443193. Novelty: Cardiopulmonary adaptations to exercise training are similar among CHD men and women. Proportion of peak oxygen uptake for non/low/high responders is similar in CHD men and women. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function improved similarly after exercise training in CHD men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas-Daniel Trachsel
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010 Switzerland
| | - Maxime Boidin
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Christine Henri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Annik Fortier
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Julie Lalongé
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
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El ejercicio continuo de moderada intensidad es superior al ejercicio interválico de alta intensidad en mejorar el VO2 pico en pacientes tras SCA. Rev Esp Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Pires Peixoto R, Trombert V, Poncet A, Kizlik J, Gold G, Ehret G, Trombetti A, Reny JL. Feasibility and safety of high-intensity interval training for the rehabilitation of geriatric inpatients (HIITERGY) a pilot randomized study. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:197. [PMID: 32503465 PMCID: PMC7275527 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to be more effective than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for the physical rehabilitation. However, data on its suitability for older hospitalized patients is scarce. METHODS Randomized controlled trial in a hospital setting. Inclusion of 100 patients, ≥65 years old, hospitalized for rehabilitation after an acute medical condition, in a two-week rehabilitation program of either four HIIT or three MICT sessions per week. Completion was defined as participation in all but two planned sessions accomplishing ≥50% of each session. We assessed: upper-limb muscle strength (handgrip isometric strength test), lower-limb muscle strength (quadriceps and ankle flexion and extension tests); gait speed and spatio-temporal parameters (instrumented walkway), and exercise capacity (6-min walk test). All adverse events were recorded as safety endpoints. RESULTS An intention-to-treat analysis showed a 44% completion rate for the HIIT group (95% CI, 30-59) and 77% for MICT (95% CI, 55-82). A modified intention-to-treat analysis restricted to patients who participated in ≥1 session showed an 88% completion rate in the HIIT group (95%CI, 69-97) and an 80% completion rate in MICT (95%CI, 65-90). The exercises most frequently undertaken were the pedal exerciser (54%) and the NuStep (32%). There were no significant differences in the various measures. No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION A HIIT rehabilitation program for this population was feasible, safe and had a high adherence rate. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Clinicatrials.gov ID: NCT02318459. Trial registration date: November 7th, 2014. Retrospectively registered. This study adheres to the CONSORT guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pires Peixoto
- Division of Internal Medicine for the elderly, Trois-Chêne, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Trombert
- Division of Internal Medicine for the elderly, Trois-Chêne, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Poncet
- Division of clinical epidemiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Kizlik
- Division of Internal Medicine for the elderly, Trois-Chêne, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Gold
- Division of Internal Medicine for the elderly, Trois-Chêne, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Georg Ehret
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Trombetti
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Reny
- Division of Internal Medicine for the elderly, Trois-Chêne, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Soltani M, Aghaei Bahmanbeglou N, Ahmadizad S. High-intensity interval training irrespective of its intensity improves markers of blood fluidity in hypertensive patients. Clin Exp Hypertens 2020; 42:309-314. [PMID: 31362531 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1649687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The present study examined and compared the effects of two different HIIT (High-intensity interval training) protocols on markers of blood fluidity in hypertensive patients.Methods: Thirty hypertensive (stage 1, systolic BP >140 and diastolic BP>90 mmHg) patients (age, 47.96 ± 3.20 yrs), were randomly allocated to short-duration HIIT (SDHIIT, n = 10), long-duration HIIT (LDHIIT, n = 10), and control (n = 10) groups. After 2 weeks of continuous mild training, patients in SDHIIT group performed 8 weeks of HIIT included 27 min HIIT that encompassed 27 repetitions of 30 s activity at 80%-100% of VO2peak interspersed by 30 s passive/active (10%-20% of VO2peak) recovery, while, patients in LDHIIT group performed 8 weeks of HIIT (32 min per session) included 4 repetitions of 4 min activity at 75%-90% of VO2peak interspersed by 4 min passive/active (15%-30% of VO2peak) recovery. Two blood samples were taken before and after training and were analyzed for hemorheological variables.Results: Significant (P < .05) reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP), blood and plasma viscosity, fibrinogen concentration and red blood cell (RBC) aggregation (8-12%) were found following two training protocols (P < .05), though, the differences between adaptations were not statistically significant (P > .05). In addition, HIIT protocols increased RBC deformability significantly (P < .05), with no significant differences being observed between two protocols.Conclusion: It is concluded that HIIT training reduces SBP and markers of blood fluidity in patients with stage 1 hypertension irrespective of the HIIT intensity and duration. Therefore, this type of exercise training could be prescribed for improving the blood fluidity markers in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Aghaei Bahmanbeglou
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
| | - Sajad Ahmadizad
- Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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The Effect and Safety of Aerobic Interval Training According to Exercise Intensity in Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2020; 40:178-182. [DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051805. [PMID: 32164314 PMCID: PMC7084372 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has similar or better effects than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in increasing peak oxygen consumption (VO2max), however, it has not been studied when HIIT is applied in a circuit (HIICT). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a HIICT versus MICT on VO2max estimated (VO2max-ES), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) of middle-aged and older women. A quasi-experimental randomized controlled trial was used. Fifty-four women (67.8 ± 6.2 years) were randomized to either HIICT (n = 18), MICT (n = 18) or non-exercise control group (CG; n = 18) for 18 weeks. Participants in HIICT and MICT trained two days/week (one hour/session). Forty-one participants were assessed (HIICT; n = 17, MICT; n = 12, CG; n = 12). Five adverse events were reported. Cardiorespiratory fitness, HR and BP were measured. The tests were performed before and after the exercise intervention programs. VO2max-ES showed significant training x group interaction, in which HIICT and MICT were statistically superior to CG. Moreover, HIICT and MICT were statistically better than CG in the diastolic blood pressure after exercise (DBPex) interaction. For the systolic blood pressure after exercise (SBPex), HIICT was statistically better than CG. In conclusion, both HIICT and MICT generated adaptations in VO2max-ES and DBPex. Furthermore, only HIICT generated positive effects on the SBPex. Therefore, both training methods can be considered for use in exercise programs involving middle-aged and older women.
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Effect of High Intensity Interval Training Compared to Continuous Training on Cognitive Performance in Young Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10020081. [PMID: 32033006 PMCID: PMC7071608 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve cognitive function, moving the body is strongly recommended; however, evidence regarding the proper training modality is still lacking. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) compared to moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE), representing the same total training load, on improving cognitive function in healthy adults. It was hypothesized that after 6 weeks (3 days/week) of stationary bike training, HIIT would improve executive functions more than MICE. Twenty-five participants exercised three times a week for 6 weeks after randomization to the HIIT or MICE training groups. Target intensity was 60% of peak power output (PPO) in the MICE group and 100% PPO in the HIIT group. After training, PPO significantly increased in both the HIIT and MICE groups (9% and 15%, p < 0.01). HIIT was mainly associated with a greater improvement in overall reaction time in the executive components of the computerized Stroop task (980.43 ± 135.27 ms vs. 860.04 ± 75.63 ms, p < 0.01) and the trail making test (42.35 ± 14.86 s vs. 30.35 ± 4.13 s, p < 0.01). T exercise protocol was clearly an important factor in improving executive functions in young adults.
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O’BRIEN MYLESW, JOHNS JARRETTA, ROBINSON SUSANA, BUNGAY AMANDA, MEKARY SAID, KIMMERLY DEREKS. Impact of High-Intensity Interval Training, Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training, and Resistance Training on Endothelial Function in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 52:1057-1067. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Moderate-intensity continuous exercise is superior to high-intensity interval training in the proportion of VO 2peak responders after ACS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 73:725-733. [PMID: 31837947 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES We compared the effects of 12 weeks of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) vs moderate-intensity continuous exercise training (MICET) on cardiopulmonary exercise test parameters and the proportion of non/low responders (NLR) to exercise training in post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. METHODS Patients with a recent ACS were randomized to LV-HIIT, MICET, or a usual care group. LV-HIIT consisted of 2 to 3 sets of 6 to 10minutes with repeated bouts of 15 to 30seconds at 100% of peak workload alternating with 15 to 30seconds of passive recovery. Cardiopulmonary exercise test parameters were assessed, and key exercise variables were calculated. Training response was assessed according to the median VO2peak change post vs pretraining in the whole cohort (stratification NLR vs high response). RESULTS Fifty patients were included in the analysis (LV-HIIT, n=23; MICET, n=18; usual care, n=9) and 74% were male. The proportion of NLR was higher in the LV-HIIT group than in the MICET group (LV-HIIT 61%, MICET 21%, and usual care 80%; P=.0040). VO2peak-dependent variables (VO2peak, percent-predicted VO2peak) improved in both training groups (P=.002 and P <.0001 for time with LV-HIIT and MICET, respectively), but the improvement was more pronounced with MICET (P=.004 and P=.001 for interaction, respectively). The ΔVO2/Δworkload slope improved only with MICET (P=.021). CONCLUSIONS In patients with a recent ACS, several prognostic VO2peak-dependent variables were improved after LV-HIIT, but the improvement was more pronounced or only found after MICET. Low-volume HIIT resulted in a higher proportion of NLR than isocaloric MICET. Clinical trialsregistered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifiers: NCT03414996 and NCT02048696).
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19
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Ambulatory blood pressure reduction following 2 weeks of high-intensity interval training on an immersed ergocycle. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 112:680-690. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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20
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Trachsel LD, David LP, Gayda M, Henri C, Hayami D, Thorin-Trescases N, Thorin É, Blain MA, Cossette M, Lalongé J, Juneau M, Nigam A. The impact of high-intensity interval training on ventricular remodeling in patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction-A randomized training intervention pilot study. Clin Cardiol 2019; 42:1222-1231. [PMID: 31599994 PMCID: PMC6906981 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aerobic exercise training is associated with beneficial ventricular remodeling and an improvement in cardiac biomarkers in chronic stable heart failure. High‐intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time‐efficient method to improve V˙O2peak in stable coronary heart disease patients. This pilot study aimed to compare the effect of HIIT on ventricular remodeling in patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods Nineteen post‐AMI patients were randomized to either HIIT (n = 9) or usual care (n = 10). A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), transthoracic echocardiography, and cardiac biomarker assessment (ie, N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide levels and G protein‐coupled receptor kinase 2 expression) were performed before and after a 12‐week training intervention. CPET parameters including oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and V˙O2 at the first ventilatory threshold (V˙O2 VT1) were calculated. left ventricular (LV) structural and functional echocardiographic parameters including myocardial strain imaging were assessed. Results V˙O2peak and OUES improved solely in the HIIT group (P < .05 for group/time, respectively). There was a significant training effect for the improvement of peak work load in both groups (P < .05). O2 pulse and V˙O2 at VT1 both improved only in the HIIT group (P < .05 for time, no interaction). HIIT improved radial strain and pulsed‐wave tissue Doppler imaging derived e′ (P < .05 for time, no interaction). Cardiac biomarkers did not change in either group. Conclusions In post‐AMI patients, HIIT lead to significant improvements in prognostic CPET parameters compared to usual care. HIIT was associated with favorable ventricular remodeling regarding certain echocardiographic parameters of LV function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas-Daniel Trachsel
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Louis-Philippe David
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Henri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Douglas Hayami
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Éric Thorin
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélissa-Anne Blain
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mariève Cossette
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Lalongé
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Keech A, Holgate K, Fildes J, Indraratna P, Cummins L, Lewis C, Yu J. High-intensity interval training for patients with coronary artery disease: Finding the optimal balance. Int J Cardiol 2019; 298:8-14. [PMID: 31648826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal characteristics of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) within cardiac rehabilitation (CR) are unclear. We assessed a HIIT protocol designed to balance patient safety, efficacy and enjoyment. METHODS Twenty-nine patients with CAD completed 6-weeks (× 2 sessions per week) of HIIT within outpatient (phase 2) CR. HIIT comprised 15 repetitions × 30-seconds cycling at ∼85-90% maximum heart rate, interspersed with 30-seconds of active recovery. Key outcomes covered patient safety, efficacy (peak aerobic capacity, body composition, blood pressure and vascular function), and patient adherence and enjoyment. RESULTS No cardiovascular-related adverse events were reported in relation to HIIT sessions. Patients showed significant improvement in peak aerobic capacity (mean +12%, p < 0.001, effect size d = 0.38), blood pressure (brachial systolic -7mmHg, p < 0.001, d = -0.59) and total body fat (-4%, p < 0.001, d = -0.49). Central adaptations were prominent (aortic systolic BP -5mmHg, p = 0.001, d = -0.50; visceral fat -10%, p = 0.001, d = -0.41). Patient enjoyment of training was high (5.5 out of 7 using the Exercise Enjoyment Scale) and measures of affective state improved following training (assorted p < 0.018). CONCLUSIONS This HIIT protocol appears safe, effective and enjoyable for patients with CAD within CR. Improved aerobic fitness, blood pressure and body fat levels were observed indicating improved cardiovascular-risk. High patient enjoyment and improved mood suggest the HIIT could be sustainable for patients in the longer-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Keech
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Katie Holgate
- Cardiac Rehabilitation, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer Fildes
- Cardiac Rehabilitation, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Praveen Indraratna
- Department of Cardiology, Prince of Wales Hospital and the Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Leigh Cummins
- Department of Cardiology, Prince of Wales Hospital and the Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chaminda Lewis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Prince of Wales Hospital and the Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Lee LS, Tsai MC, Oh PI, Brooks D. The Effectiveness of Progressive Aerobic Interval Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:881-888. [PMID: 29257009 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aerobic interval training (AIT) has recently emerged as a more effective strategy than moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) for improving peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The primary purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the change in V˙O2peak, and cardiovascular (CV) risk profile characteristics (secondary outcomes) after progressive AIT practiced in the largest, outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program in North America compared with usual care CR involving MICE. METHODS Electronic database records were retrieved from consecutively enrolled patients with CAD who attended the Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2015. Patients were then separated into two, age and sex propensity score-matched groups: 772 patients were prescribed 26 wk of MICE (60%-80% of V˙O2peak, five times per week) as per usual care CR (56.0 ± 9.2 yr; 12% female/88% male; V˙O2peak: 20.8 ± 5.9 mL·kg·min), and 772 patients were prescribed 26 wk of progressive walk/jog intervals (15 min·mile walking pace, 12 min·mile jogging pace, five times per week) (55.9 ± 9.3 yr; 12% female/88% male; V˙O2peak: 24.8 ± 5.7 mL·kg ·min). Treatment effect analysis of AIT on V˙O2peak and CV risk profile characteristics was performed using multiple regression with baseline values as covariates. RESULTS Treatment effect analysis revealed a 3.84-mL·kg·min superior improvement in V˙O2peak in the AIT group compared to usual care MICE group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, AIT significantly improved BMI, triglycerides, hip and abdominal girth, and depression score compared with MICE (P < 0.023 for all). CONCLUSIONS Progressive AIT performed in a standard, outpatient CR program appears to be superior to usual care MICE for improving V˙O2peak, CV risk profile characteristics, and depression score in stable CAD patients. These findings may have important implications for exercise training guidelines in the rehabilitation setting, and in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanna S Lee
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Paul I Oh
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Dina Brooks
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
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Ballesta García I, Rubio Arias JÁ, Ramos Campo DJ, Martínez González-Moro I, Carrasco Poyatos M. Dosis de ejercicio interválico de alta intensidad en la rehabilitación cardiaca de la insuficiencia cardiaca y la enfermedad arterial coronaria: revisión sistemática y metanálisis. Rev Esp Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Sobhani V, Taghizadeh M, Moshkani-Farahani M. Platelet indices and function response to two types of high intensity interval exercise and comparison with moderate intensity continuous exercise among men after coronary artery bypass graft: A randomized trial. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2019; 14:188-195. [PMID: 30783408 PMCID: PMC6368198 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v14i5.1780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been indicated that the acute exercise increases the thrombotic events that stem from platelet hyper-reactivity. The present randomized controlled trial study was carried out with the aim to compare high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) with moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in terms of platelet indices and function in patients who had undergone post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). METHODS 30 men with a history of CABG were recruited and divided into 3 groups (MICE, HIIE-1, and HIIE-2). The MICE protocol consisted of running for 40 minutes with 65% of maximal heart rate (HRmax). Subjects in HIIE-1 group performed an interval exercise with work to rest ratio of 1:1 in which 10 rounds of running (95% HRmax) were followed by active recovery (35% HRmax). HIIE-2 subjects performed an interval exercise with work to rest ratio of 2:1 in which 7 rounds of running (85% HRmax) were followed by active recovery (45% HRmax). Before and immediately after the exercise protocols, blood samples were taken from subjects and analyzed to measure the variables. RESULTS Although platelet count (PLT) and hematocrit (HCT) were increased significantly after HIIE-1 and HIIE-2 in comparison to MICE (P < 0.050), the other platelet indices [mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT)] were not significantly changed among groups (P > 0.050). The platelet aggregation and fibrinogen were further increased after HIIE-1 and HIIE-2 as compared with MICE; however, such increment were significant between HIIE-2 and MICE (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION It seems that HIIE, regardless of the type, has higher thrombotic potentials compared with MICE. Accordingly, MICE is safer than HIIE for rehabilitation in patients undergoing CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Sobhani
- Associate Professor, Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Taghizadeh
- Exercise Physiologist, Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Moshkani-Farahani
- Associate Professor, Atherosclerosis Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Short-Duration High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training Is More Effective Than Long Duration for Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness But Not for Inflammatory Markers and Lipid Profiles in Patients With Stage 1 Hypertension. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2019; 39:50-55. [DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Ghardashi-Afousi A, Holisaz MT, Shirvani H, Pishgoo B. The effects of low-volume high-intensity interval versus moderate intensity continuous training on heart rate variability, and hemodynamic and echocardiography indices in men after coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized clinical trial study. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2018; 14:260-271. [PMID: 31143227 PMCID: PMC6527148 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v14i6.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) declines after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on HRV as well as, hemodynamic and echocardiography indices. METHODS Forty-two men after CABG (55.12 ± 3.97 years) were randomly assigned into LV-HIIT, MICT, and control (CTL) groups. The exercise training in LV-HIIT consisted of 2-minute interval at 85-95 percent of maximal heart rate (HRmax), 2-minute interval at 50% of HRmax and 40-minute interval at 70% of HRmax in MICT for three sessions in a week, for 6-weeks. HRV parameters were evaluated by 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) recording, and echocardiography parameters at baseline and end of intervention were measured in all 3 groups. RESULTS At the end of the intervention, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly increased in LV-HIIT group (58.53 ± 7.26 percent) compared with MICT (52.26 ± 7.91 percent) and CTL (49.68 ± 7.27 percent) groups (P < 0.001). Furthermore, mean R-R interval, root mean square successive difference (RMSSD) of R-R interval, and standard deviation of R-R interval (SDRR) in LV-HIIT group considerably increased compared with MICT group (P < 0.001). High-frequency power (HF) significantly increased in LV-HIIT and MICT groups compared with CTL group (P < 0.001). On the other hand, low frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio significantly decreased in LV-HIIT group in comparison with MICT group (P < 0.010). CONCLUSION These results suggest that LV-HIIT has a greater effect on improvement of cardiac autonomic activities by increasing R-R interval, SDRR, RMSSD, and HF, and decreasing LF and LF/HF ratio in patients after CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghardashi-Afousi
- PhD Candidate, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Exercise Sciences, University of Tehran AND Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Holisaz
- Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shirvani
- Assistant Professor, Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Pishgoo
- Associate Professor, Atherosclerosis Research Center, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghardashi Afousi A, Izadi MR, Rakhshan K, Mafi F, Biglari S, Gandomkar Bagheri H. Improved brachial artery shear patterns and increased flow-mediated dilatation after low-volume high-intensity interval training in type 2 diabetes. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:1264-1276. [DOI: 10.1113/ep087005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghardashi Afousi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Exercise Sciences; University of Tehran; Tehran IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Izadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Exercise Sciences; University of Shahid Chamran; Ahvaz IR Iran
| | - Kamran Rakhshan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran IR Iran
| | - Farnoosh Mafi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Exercise Sciences; University of Tehran; Tehran IR Iran
| | - Soheil Biglari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Exercise Sciences; University of Tehran; Tehran IR Iran
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High-intensity Interval Training Dosage for Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease Cardiac Rehabilitation. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 72:233-243. [PMID: 29650445 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES High-interval intensity training (HIT) has been suggested to improve peak VO2 in cardiac rehabilitation programs. However, the optimal HIT protocol is unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the most effective doses of HIT to optimize peak VO2 in coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF) patients. METHODS A search was conducted in 6 databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, and SportDiscus). Studies using a HIT protocol in CAD or HF patients and measuring peak VO2 were included. The PEDro Scale and Cochrane Collaboration tools were used. RESULTS Analyses reported significant improvements in peak VO2 after HIT in both diseases (P = .000001), with a higher increase in HF patients (P = .03). Nevertheless, in HF patients, there were no improvements when the intensity recovery was ≤ 40% of peak VO2 (P = .19) and the frequency of training was ≤ 2 d/wk (P = .07). There were significant differences regarding duration in CAD patients, with greater improvements in peak VO2 when the duration was < 12 weeks (P = .05). In HF, programs lasting < 12 weeks did not significantly improve peak VO2 (P = .1). CONCLUSIONS The HIT is an effective method for improving peak VO2 in HF and CAD, with a significantly greater increase in HF patients. The recovery intervals should be active and be between 40% and 60% of peak VO2 in HF patients. Training frequency should be ≥ 2 d/wk for CAD patients and ≥ 3 d/wk for HF patients.
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Zinoubi B, Zbidi S, Vandewalle H, Chamari K, Driss T. Relationships between rating of perceived exertion, heart rate and blood lactate during continuous and alternated-intensity cycling exercises. Biol Sport 2018; 35:29-37. [PMID: 30237659 PMCID: PMC6135975 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2018.70749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to: i) use Borg's scale of rating perceived exertion (RPE) in the prescription of cycling training exercises with alternated intensity (S); ii) determine the relationships between RPE and the indices of physiological strains, e.g. heart rate (HR) and blood lactate ([La]), measured during S compared to continuous exercises (C). HR, [La] and RPE were measured in 11 active men at the 5th and 10th minutes of cycling exercises. These exercises were performed with constant or varying intensity corresponding to average power outputs (APO) equal to 160 and 240 W. The protocols with varying intensity consisted of alternated short periods (10 s: S10, or 20 s: S20) of medium and high intensity (120-200 W for APO-160 W and 200-280 W for APO-240 W). During S exercises HR, [La] and RPE were significantly higher compared to C exercises. This effect was more pronounced when the duration of alternated-intensity bouts was longer (S20 versus S10 protocols). The relationships between HR, [La] and RPE (mean or individual data) were not significantly different for the different protocols. However, there was a shift in the relationship between RPE and HR measured at the 5th and 10th minutes of exercise (p<0.001). Moreover, in each protocol, there were significant differences in the individual values of HR or [La] corresponding to the same RPE. The relationships between HR, [La] and RPE were not different between C and S exercises. Individually determined RPE can be used in the prescription of training for both exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badrane Zinoubi
- Laboratoire CeRSM (EA 2931), UFR STAPS, UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Sana Zbidi
- Laboratoire CeRSM (EA 2931), UFR STAPS, UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Henry Vandewalle
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, UFR de Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine, Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, France
| | - Karim Chamari
- Athlete Health and Performance Research Centre, ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tarak Driss
- Laboratoire CeRSM (EA 2931), UFR STAPS, UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, 92000 Nanterre, France
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Choi HY, Han HJ, Choi JW, Jung HY, Joa KL. Superior Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Compared to Conventional Therapy on Cardiovascular and Psychological Aspects in Myocardial Infarction. Ann Rehabil Med 2018; 42:145-153. [PMID: 29560335 PMCID: PMC5852218 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2018.42.1.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on psychological symptoms, activity states, and cardiovascular functions in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) of low and moderate risk stratification. Methods This prospective study randomly allocated 44 patients with MI to 18 sessions of HIIT or conventional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and after 18 sessions. Results Post-exercise cardiovascular and functional states, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), metabolic equivalents (METs), 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT), and Korean Activity Scale/Index (KASI) scores were significantly improved in the HIIT group compared to those in the MICT group after 18 exercise sessions. In particular, VO2max was significantly (p<0.005) improved in the HIIT group (7.58 mL/kg/min) compared to that in the MICT group (2.42 mL/kg/min). In addition, post-exercise psychological states (i.e., scores of Fatigue Severity Scale [FSS] and depression items of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS_D]) were significantly improved in the HIIT group compared to those in the MICT group after 18 exercise sessions. HADS-D was improved by 1.89 in the HIIT group compared to decrement of 0.47 in the MICT group. FSS was improved by 6.38 in the HIIT group compared to decrement of 0.77 in the MICT group (p<0.005). Conclusion This study demonstrates that HIIT can improve cardiac function, psychological, and activity states in low and moderate risk MI patients. Compared to conventional MICT, HIIT can improve cardiovascular functions, activity states, depression, and fatigue more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yoon Choi
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Jun Han
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Choi
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Han-Young Jung
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Lim Joa
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Francois ME, Pistawka KJ, Halperin FA, Little JP. Cardiovascular benefits of combined interval training and post-exercise nutrition in type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:226-233. [PMID: 29198993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to examine whether the combination of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and post-exercise protein supplementation would improve cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with T2D. METHODS In a double-blind controlled trial, fifty-three adults with T2D (free of CVD and not on exogenous insulin) were randomized to 12weeks of cardio and resistance-based HIIT (4-10×1min at 90% maximal heart rate) with post-exercise milk, milk-protein, or placebo supplementation, thrice weekly. Before and after, carotid and femoral artery intima media thickness (IMT) and femoral flow profiles were assessed using high-resolution ultrasound. Central and peripheral arterial stiffness were assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), and resting and maximal heart rate rates were measured. RESULTS After 12weeks of HIIT femoral IMT (Pre: 0.84±0.21mm vs. Post: 0.81±0.16mm, p=0.03), carotid-femoral PWV (Pre: 10.1±3.2m/s vs. Post: 8.6±1.8m/s, p<0.01) and resting heart rate (Pre: 70.4±10.8bpm vs. Post: 67.8±8.6 bpm, p=0.01) were all significantly lower. There were no differences between nutrition groups (all significant main effects of time) for all outcomes. CONCLUSION HIIT reduces femoral IMT, arterial stiffness and resting heart rate in individuals with T2D. The addition of post-exercise milk or protein to HIIT did not have additive effects for improving cardiovascular outcomes in the present study. Taken together, HIIT alone may be an effective means to reduce the burden of cardiovascular complications in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique E Francois
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Canada
| | - Kevin J Pistawka
- Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna Cardiology Associates, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Frank A Halperin
- Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna Cardiology Associates, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Canada.
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Davies MJ, Benson AP, Cannon DT, Marwood S, Kemp GJ, Rossiter HB, Ferguson C. Dissociating external power from intramuscular exercise intensity during intermittent bilateral knee-extension in humans. J Physiol 2017; 595:6673-6686. [PMID: 28776675 PMCID: PMC5663836 DOI: 10.1113/jp274589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Key points Continuous high‐intensity constant‐power exercise is unsustainable, with maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2 max ) and the limit of tolerance attained after only a few minutes. Performing the same power intermittently reduces the O2 cost of exercise and increases tolerance. The extent to which this dissociation is reflected in the intramuscular bioenergetics is unknown. We used pulmonary gas exchange and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure whole‐body V˙O2, quadriceps phosphate metabolism and pH during continuous and intermittent exercise of different work:recovery durations. Shortening the work:recovery durations (16:32 s vs. 32:64 s vs. 64:128 s vs. continuous) at a work rate estimated to require 110% peak aerobic power reduced V˙O2, muscle phosphocreatine breakdown and muscle acidification, eliminated the glycolytic‐associated contribution to ATP synthesis, and increased exercise tolerance. Exercise intensity (i.e. magnitude of intramuscular metabolic perturbations) can be dissociated from the external power using intermittent exercise with short work:recovery durations.
Abstract Compared with work‐matched high‐intensity continuous exercise, intermittent exercise dissociates pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) from the accumulated work. The extent to which this reflects differences in O2 storage fluctuations and/or contributions from oxidative and substrate‐level bioenergetics is unknown. Using pulmonary gas‐exchange and intramuscular 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we tested the hypotheses that, at the same power: ATP synthesis rates are similar, whereas peak V˙O2 amplitude is lower in intermittent vs. continuous exercise. Thus, we expected that: intermittent exercise relies less upon anaerobic glycolysis for ATP provision than continuous exercise; shorter intervals would require relatively greater fluctuations in intramuscular bioenergetics than in V˙O2 compared to longer intervals. Six men performed bilateral knee‐extensor exercise (estimated to require 110% peak aerobic power) continuously and with three different intermittent work:recovery durations (16:32, 32:64 and 64:128 s). Target work duration (576 s) was achieved in all intermittent protocols; greater than continuous (252 ± 174 s; P < 0.05). Mean ATP turnover rate was not different between protocols (∼43 mm min−1 on average). However, the intramuscular phosphocreatine (PCr) component of ATP generation was greatest (∼30 mm min−1), and oxidative (∼10 mm min−1) and anaerobic glycolytic (∼1 mm min−1) components were lowest for 16:32 and 32:64 s intermittent protocols, compared to 64:128 s (18 ± 6, 21 ± 10 and 10 ± 4 mm min−1, respectively) and continuous protocols (8 ± 6, 20 ± 9 and 16 ± 14 mm min−1, respectively). As intermittent work duration increased towards continuous exercise, ATP production relied proportionally more upon anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, and less upon PCr breakdown. However, performing the same high‐intensity power intermittently vs. continuously reduced the amplitude of fluctuations in V˙O2 and intramuscular metabolism, dissociating exercise intensity from the power output and work done. Continuous high‐intensity constant‐power exercise is unsustainable, with maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2 max ) and the limit of tolerance attained after only a few minutes. Performing the same power intermittently reduces the O2 cost of exercise and increases tolerance. The extent to which this dissociation is reflected in the intramuscular bioenergetics is unknown. We used pulmonary gas exchange and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure whole‐body V˙O2, quadriceps phosphate metabolism and pH during continuous and intermittent exercise of different work:recovery durations. Shortening the work:recovery durations (16:32 s vs. 32:64 s vs. 64:128 s vs. continuous) at a work rate estimated to require 110% peak aerobic power reduced V˙O2, muscle phosphocreatine breakdown and muscle acidification, eliminated the glycolytic‐associated contribution to ATP synthesis, and increased exercise tolerance. Exercise intensity (i.e. magnitude of intramuscular metabolic perturbations) can be dissociated from the external power using intermittent exercise with short work:recovery durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Davies
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Alan P Benson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniel T Cannon
- School of Exercise & Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Simon Marwood
- School of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Magnetic Resonance & Image Analysis Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Harry B Rossiter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory & Critical Care Physiology & Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Carrie Ferguson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Ahmadizad S, Nouri-Habashi A, Rahmani H, Maleki M, Naderi N, Lotfian S, Salimian M. Platelet activation and function in response to high intensity interval exercise and moderate continuous exercise in CABG and PCI patients. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 64:911-919. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-168010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmadizad
- Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Nouri-Habashi
- Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hiwa Rahmani
- Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Naderi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Lotfian
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Salimian
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Cassidy S, Thoma C, Houghton D, Trenell MI. High-intensity interval training: a review of its impact on glucose control and cardiometabolic health. Diabetologia 2017; 60:7-23. [PMID: 27681241 PMCID: PMC6518096 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exercise plays a central role in the management and treatment of common metabolic diseases, but modern society presents many barriers to exercise. Over the past decade there has been considerable interest surrounding high-intensity interval training (HIIT), with advocates claiming it can induce health benefits of similar, if not superior magnitude to moderate-intensity continuous exercise, despite reduced time commitment. As the safety of HIIT becomes clearer, focus has shifted away from using HIIT in healthy individuals towards using this form of training in clinical populations. The continued growth of metabolic disease and reduced physical activity presents a global health challenge and effective therapies are urgently required. The aim of this review is to explore whether the acclaim surrounding HIIT is justified by examining the effect of HIIT on glucose control, its ability to affect cardiovascular function and the underlying mechanisms of the changes observed in those with common metabolic diseases. It also explores translation of the research into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cassidy
- MoveLab, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, 4th Floor William Leech Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Christian Thoma
- School of Interprofessional Health Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Houghton
- MoveLab, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, 4th Floor William Leech Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Michael I Trenell
- MoveLab, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, 4th Floor William Leech Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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Ribeiro PA, Boidin M, Juneau M, Nigam A, Gayda M. High-intensity interval training in patients with coronary heart disease: Prescription models and perspectives. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2017; 60:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Effect of High-Intensity Interval Versus Continuous Exercise Training on Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2016; 36:96-105. [PMID: 26872000 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is strong evidence that exercise training has beneficial health effects in patients with cardiovascular disease. Most studies have focused on moderate continuous training (MCT); however, a body of evidence has begun to emerge demonstrating that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has significantly better results in terms of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of MCT versus HIIT on functional capacity and quality of life and to assess safety. METHODS Seventy-two patients with ischemic heart disease were assigned to either HIIT or MCT for 8 weeks. We analyzed cardiopulmonary exercise test data, quality of life, and adverse events. RESULTS High-intensity interval training resulted in a significantly greater increase in (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2peak (4.5 ± 4.7 mL·kg·min) compared with MCT (2.5 ± 3.6 mL·kg·min) (P < .05). The aerobic threshold (VT1) increased by 21% in HIIT and 14% in MCT. Furthermore, there was a significant (P < .05) increase in the distance covered in the 6-minute walk distance test in the HIIT group (49.6 ± 6.3 m) when compared with the MCT group (29.6 ± 12.0 m). Both training protocols improved quality of life. No adverse events were reported in either of the groups. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the results of this study, HIIT should be considered for use in cardiac rehabilitation as it resulted in a greater increase in functional capacity compared with MCT. We also observed greater improvement in quality of life without any increase in cardiovascular risk.
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Comparison of Carbohydrate and Lipid Oxidation During Different High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 96:50-54. [PMID: 27175565 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Substrate oxidation was compared during different high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) protocols in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFREF). Eighteen males with HFREF (58.8 ± 9 years) were randomly assigned to 4 different HIIEs: 30 seconds (A and B) or 90 seconds (C and D) at 100% peak power output, with passive (A and C) or active recovery (50% of peak power output; B and D). Each HIIE protocol was separated by 1 week. Substrate oxidation (carbohydrate [CHO] and lipid: in g/min and in %) was calculated with gas exchange analysis. A 2-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used (P ≤ 0.05) to compare CHO and lipid oxidation during the 4 HIIEs. Protocols with passive recovery (A and C) resulted in significantly lower quantitative CHO oxidation (g/min) (interaction, P < 0.001) compared to modes with active recovery (B and D). Quantitative lipid oxidation (g/min) was significantly lower in protocol C compared to the 3 other HIIE protocols (interaction, P < 0.001). In patients with HFREF, shorter HIIE bouts with passive recovery oxidize less CHO and more lipids (quantitatively) compared to the other HIIE protocols. This might be taken into account the exercise training prescription and might influence muscle metabolism adaptations.
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Ambulatory blood pressure reduction following high-intensity interval exercise performed in water or dryland condition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 10:420-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gayda M, Ribeiro PAB, Juneau M, Nigam A. Comparison of Different Forms of Exercise Training in Patients With Cardiac Disease: Where Does High-Intensity Interval Training Fit? Can J Cardiol 2016; 32:485-94. [PMID: 26927863 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the most recent forms of exercise training available to patients with cardiac disease and their comparison or their combination (or both) during short- and long-term (phase II and III) cardiac rehabilitation programs. Exercise training modalities to be discussed include inspiratory muscle training (IMT), resistance training (RT), continuous aerobic exercise training (CAET), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Particular emphasis is placed on HIIT compared or combined (or both) with other forms such as CAET or RT. For example, IMT combined with CAET was shown to be superior to CAET alone for improving functional capacity, ventilatory function, and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure. Similarly, RT combined with CAET was shown to optimize benefits with respect to functional capacity, muscle function, and quality of life. Furthermore, in recent years, HIIT has emerged as an alternative or complementary (or both) exercise modality to CAET, providing equivalent if not superior benefits to conventional continuous aerobic training with respect to aerobic fitness, cardiovascular function, quality of life, efficiency, safety, tolerance, and exercise adherence in both short- and long-term training studies. Finally, short-interval HIIT was shown to be useful in the initiation and improvement phases of cardiac rehabilitation, whereas moderate- or longer-interval (or both) HIIT protocols appear to be more appropriate for the improvement and maintenance phases because of their high physiological stimulus. We now propose progressive models of exercise training (phases II-III) for patients with cardiac disease, including a more appropriate application of HIIT based on the scientific literature in the context of a multimodal cardiac rehabilitation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Paula A B Ribeiro
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Effect of 10-Week Supervised Moderate-Intensity Intermittent vs. Continuous Aerobic Exercise Programs on Vascular Adhesion Molecules in Patients with Heart Failure. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 94:898-911. [DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Boyne P, Dunning K, Carl D, Gerson M, Khoury J, Kissela B. Within-session responses to high-intensity interval training in chronic stroke. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015; 47:476-84. [PMID: 24977698 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Poststroke hemiparesis often leads to a vicious cycle of limited activity, deconditioning, and poor cardiovascular health. Accumulating evidence suggests that exercise intensity is a critical factor determining gains in aerobic capacity, cardiovascular protection, and functional recovery after stroke. High-intensity interval training (HIT) is a strategy that augments exercise intensity using bursts of concentrated effort alternated with recovery periods. However, there was previously no stroke-specific evidence to guide HIT protocol selection. PURPOSE This study aimed to compare within-session exercise responses among three different HIT protocols for persons with chronic (>6 months after) stroke. METHODS Nineteen ambulatory persons with chronic stroke performed three different 1-d HIT sessions in a randomized order, approximately 1 wk apart. HIT involved repeated 30-s bursts of treadmill walking at maximum tolerated speed, alternated with rest periods. The three HIT protocols were different on the basis of the length of the rest periods, as follows: 30 s (P30), 60 s (P60), or 120 s (P120). Exercise tolerance, oxygen uptake (V˙O2), HR, peak treadmill speed, and step count were measured. RESULTS P30 achieved the highest mean V˙O2, HR, and step count but with reduced exercise tolerance and lower treadmill speed than P60 or P120 (P30: 70.9% V˙O2peak, 76.1% HR reserve (HRR), 1619 steps, 1.03 m·s(-1); P60: 63.3% V˙O2peak, 63.1% HRR, 1370 steps, 1.13 m·s(-1); P120: 47.5% V˙O2peak, 46.3% HRR, 1091 steps, 1.10 m·s(-1)). P60 achieved treadmill speed and exercise tolerance similar to those in P120, with higher mean V˙O2, HR, and step count. CONCLUSIONS For treadmill HIT in chronic stroke, a combination of P30 and P60 may optimize aerobic intensity, treadmill speed, and stepping repetition, potentially leading to greater improvements in aerobic capacity and gait outcomes in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierce Boyne
- 1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; 2Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; 3Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; 4Department of Neurology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Levinger I, Shaw CS, Stepto NK, Cassar S, McAinch AJ, Cheetham C, Maiorana AJ. What Doesn't Kill You Makes You Fitter: A Systematic Review of High-Intensity Interval Exercise for Patients with Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2015; 9:53-63. [PMID: 26157337 PMCID: PMC4482383 DOI: 10.4137/cmc.s26230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) has gained popularity in recent years for patients with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Despite potential benefits, concerns remain about the safety of the acute response (during and/or within 24 hours postexercise) to a single session of HIIE for these cohorts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a systematic review to evaluate the safety of acute HIIE for people with cardiometabolic diseases. Electronic databases were searched for studies published prior to January 2015, which reported the acute responses of patients with cardiometabolic diseases to HIIE (≥80% peak power output or ≥85% peak aerobic power, VO2peak). Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 156; clinically stable, aged 27-66 years), with 13 adverse responses reported (~8% of individuals). The rate of adverse responses is somewhat higher compared to the previously reported risk during moderate-intensity exercise. Caution must be taken when prescribing HIIE to patients with cardiometabolic disease. Patients who wish to perform HIIE should be clinically stable, have had recent exposure to at least regular moderate-intensity exercise, and have appropriate supervision and monitoring during and after the exercise session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Levinger
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. ; College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. ; Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher S Shaw
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nigel K Stepto
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. ; College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samantha Cassar
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. ; College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew J McAinch
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. ; Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig Cheetham
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Western Australia, Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands. ; School of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew J Maiorana
- Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Service, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth. ; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. ; Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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Forming a consensus opinion on exercise prehabilitation in elderly colorectal cancer patients: a Delphi study. Tech Coloproctol 2015; 19:347-54. [PMID: 25972298 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-015-1317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no consensus amongst colorectal surgeons as to whether preoperative exercise is beneficial in the management of colorectal cancer patients. Research has shown higher rates of postoperative complications in patients who are less fit. Agreement needs to be sought on whether improving fitness via exercise should be a part of preoperative care. The Delphi process is an iterative process designed to refine opinions on a subject, until consensus agreement is reached within an expert group. METHODS We performed a Delphi survey with a group of consultant colorectal surgeons. Statements achieving >80% agreement were taken as consensus, those achieving >80% disagreement were removed, and those in between were revised in the following round. The process ended with a group of statements which achieved consensus. RESULTS Thirty-two statements were included in the first round of the survey. After three rounds of the survey, 21 statements were accepted as consensus, six statements were rejected, and seven statements did not reach consensus. It was agreed that exercise training should form part of preoperative care and would be supported by surgeons. That suitable programmes pose significant risk to patients was rejected. There was no consensus reached on the strength of current available evidence or whether it would be possible to deliver exercise programmes. CONCLUSIONS This work is the first to produce a set of statements on which expert consensus opinion has been agreed regarding preoperative exercise in colorectal cancer patients. Future work, informed by this study, will design interventions to produce rapid improvements in fitness before surgery.
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Whole-Body Strength Training Using a Huber Motion Lab in Coronary Heart Disease Patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 94:385-94. [DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Conraads VM, Pattyn N, De Maeyer C, Beckers PJ, Coeckelberghs E, Cornelissen VA, Denollet J, Frederix G, Goetschalckx K, Hoymans VY, Possemiers N, Schepers D, Shivalkar B, Voigt JU, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Vanhees L. Aerobic interval training and continuous training equally improve aerobic exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease: the SAINTEX-CAD study. Int J Cardiol 2014; 179:203-10. [PMID: 25464446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation increases peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂), which is an important predictor of mortality in cardiac patients. However, it remains unclear which exercise characteristics are most effective for improving peak VO₂ in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Proof of concept papers comparing Aerobic Interval Training (AIT) and Moderate Continuous Training (MCT) were conducted in small sample sizes and findings were inconsistent and heterogeneous. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of AIT and Aerobic Continuous Training (ACT) on peak VO₂, peripheral endothelial function, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life and safety, in a large multicentre study. METHODS Two-hundred CAD patients (LVEF >40%, 90% men, mean age 58.4 ± 9.1 years) were randomized to a supervised 12-week cardiac rehabilitation programme of three weekly sessions of either AIT (90-95% of peak heart rate (HR)) or ACT (70-75% of peak HR) on a bicycle. Primary outcome was peak VO₂; secondary outcomes were peripheral endothelial function, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life and safety. RESULTS Peak VO₂ (ml/kg/min) increased significantly in both groups (AIT 22.7 ± 17.6% versus ACT 20.3 ± 15.3%; p-time<0.001). In addition, flow-mediated dilation (AIT+34.1% (range -69.8 to 646%) versus ACT+7.14% (range -66.7 to 503%); p-time<0.001) quality of life and some other cardiovascular risk factors including resting diastolic blood pressure and HDL-C improved significantly after training. Improvements were equal for both training interventions. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to earlier smaller trials, we observed similar improvements in exercise capacity and peripheral endothelial function following AIT and ACT in a large population of CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane M Conraads
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nele Pattyn
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Catherine De Maeyer
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Paul J Beckers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | | | | | - Johan Denollet
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; CoRPS-Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Geert Frederix
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Kaatje Goetschalckx
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Nadine Possemiers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Dirk Schepers
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Bharati Shivalkar
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jens-Uwe Voigt
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Luc Vanhees
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Provocative issues in heart disease prevention. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:S401-9. [PMID: 25444498 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, new areas of cardiovascular (CV) prevention and rehabilitation research are discussed: high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and new concepts in nutrition. HIIT consists of brief periods of high-intensity exercise interspersed by periods of low-intensity exercise or rest. The optimal mode according our work (15-second exercise intervals at peak power with passive recovery intervals of the same duration) is associated with longer total exercise time, similar time spent near peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) VO2 peak, and lesser perceived exertion relative to other protocols that use longer intervals and active recovery periods. Evidence also suggests that compared with moderate-intensity continuous exercise training, HIIT has superior effects on cardiorespiratory function and on the attenuation of multiple cardiac and peripheral abnormalities. With respect to nutrition, a growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is influenced by lifestyle choices and might play a pivotal role in modulating CV disease development. For example, recent evidence linking processed (but not unprocessed) meats to increased CV risk pointed to the gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide as a potential culprit. In addition, altered gut microbiota could also mediate the proinflammatory and cardiometabolic abnormalities associated with excess added free sugar consumption, and in particular high-fructose corn syrup. Substantially more research is required, however, to fully understand how and which alterations in gut flora can prevent or lead to CV disease and other chronic illnesses. We conclude with thoughts about the appropriate role for HIIT in CV training and future research in the role of gut flora-directed interventions in CV prevention.
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Moholdt T, Madssen E, Rognmo Ø, Aamot IL. The higher the better? Interval training intensity in coronary heart disease. J Sci Med Sport 2014; 17:506-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Guiraud T, Labrunee M, Gaucher-Cazalis K, Despas F, Meyer P, Bosquet L, Gales C, Vaccaro A, Bousquet M, Galinier M, Sénard JM, Pathak A. High-intensity interval exercise improves vagal tone and decreases arrhythmias in chronic heart failure. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 45:1861-7. [PMID: 23591293 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3182967559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autonomic dysfunction including sympathetic activation and vagal withdrawal has been reported in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We tested the hypotheses that high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in CHF patients would enhance vagal modulation and thus decrease arrhythmic events. METHODS Eighteen CHF patients underwent a baseline assessment (CON) and were then randomized to a single session of HIIE and to an isocaloric moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE). We evaluated the HR, HR variability parameters, and arrhythmic events by 24-h Holter ECG recordings after HIIE, MICE, and CON sessions. RESULTS We found that HR was significantly decreased after HIIE (68 ± 3 bpm, P < 0.01) when compared with CON and MICE values (71.1 ± 2 and 69 ± 3 bpm, respectively). HIIE led to a significant increase in normalized high-frequency power (35.95% ± 2.83% vs 31.56% ± 1.93% and 24.61% ± 2.62% for CON and MICE, respectively, P < 0.01). Both exercise conditions were associated with an increase in very low frequency power comparative to CON. After HIIE, premature ventricular contractions were significantly decreased (531 ± 338 vs 1007 ± 693 and 1671 ± 1604 for CON and MICE, respectively, P < 0.01). An association was found between the changes in premature ventricular contraction and the changes in low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (r = 0.66, P < 0.01) in patients exposed to HIIE. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that a single session of HIIE improves autonomic profile of CHF patients, leading to significant reductions of HR and arrhythmic events in a 24-h posttraining period. Cardioprotective effects of HIIE in CHF patients need to be confirmed in a larger study population and on a long-term basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Guiraud
- 1Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR-1048, Toulouse, FRANCE; 2Clinic of Saint-Orens, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Saint-Orens-de-Gameville, FRANCE; 3University of Toulouse III: Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, FRANCE; 4Department of Rehabilitation, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, FRANCE; 5Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, FRANCE; 6University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND; and 7Faculty of Sports Sciences and MOVE Laboratory (EA 6314), University of Poitiers, Poitiers, FRANCE
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Jiang HK, Wang YH, Sun L, He X, Zhao M, Feng ZH, Yu XJ, Zang WJ. Aerobic interval training attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in rats post-myocardial infarction: roles of mitochondrial network dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5304-22. [PMID: 24675698 PMCID: PMC4013565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic interval training (AIT) can favorably affect cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of AIT on post-myocardial infarction (MI)—associated mitochondrial dysfunctions remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of AIT on myocardial mitochondria in post-MI rats by focusing on mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission). Mitochondrial respiratory functions (as measured by the respiratory control ratio (RCR) and the ratio of ADP to oxygen consumption (P/O)); complex activities; dynamic proteins (mitofusin (mfn) 1/2, type 1 optic atrophy (OPA1) and dynamin-related protein1 (DRP1)); nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α); and the oxidative signaling of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and P53 were observed. Post-MI rats exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and adverse mitochondrial network dynamics (reduced fusion and increased fission), which was associated with activated ERK1/2-JNK-P53 signaling and decreased nuclear PGC-1α. After AIT, MI-associated mitochondrial dysfunction was improved (elevated RCR and P/O and enhanced complex I, III and IV activities); in addition, increased fusion (mfn2 and OPA1), decreased fission (DRP1), elevated nuclear PGC-1α and inactivation of the ERK1/2-JNK-P53 signaling were observed. These data demonstrate that AIT may restore the post-MI mitochondrial function by inhibiting dynamics pathological remodeling, which may be associated with inactivation of ERK1/2-JNK-P53 signaling and increase in nuclear PGC-1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ke Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - You-Hua Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Mei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Feng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiao-Jiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Wei-Jin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Abstract
Aerobic exercise training is strongly recommended in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to improve symptoms and quality of life. Moderate-intensity aerobic continuous exercise (MICE) is the best established training modality in HF patients. For about a decade, however, another training modality, high-intensity aerobic interval exercise (HIIE), has aroused considerable interest in cardiac rehabilitation. Originally used by athletes, HIIE consists of repeated bouts of high-intensity exercise interspersed with recovery periods. The rationale for its use is to increase exercise time spent in high-intensity zones, thereby increasing the training stimulus. Several studies have demonstrated that HIIE is more effective than MICE, notably for improving exercise capacity in patients with HF. The aim of the present review is to describe the general principles of HIIE prescription, the acute physiological effects, the longer-term training effects, and finally the future perspectives of HIIE in patients with HF.
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