1
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Hody S, Warren BE, Votion DM, Rogister B, Lemieux H. Eccentric Exercise Causes Specific Adjustment in Pyruvate Oxidation by Mitochondria. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1300-1308. [PMID: 35320143 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of eccentric exercise on mitochondrial function has only been poorly investigated and remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, specifically triggered by a single bout of eccentric treadmill exercise. METHODS Male adult mice were randomly divided into eccentric (ECC; downhill running), concentric (CON; uphill running), and unexercised control groups ( n = 5/group). Running groups performed 18 bouts of 5 min at 20 cm·s -1 on an inclined treadmill (±15° to 20°). Mice were sacrificed 48 h after exercise for blood and quadriceps muscles collection. Deep proximal (red) and superficial distal (white) muscle portions were used for high-resolution respirometric measurements. RESULTS Plasma creatine kinase activity was significantly higher in the ECC compared with CON group, reflecting exercise-induced muscle damage ( P < 0.01). The ECC exercise induced a significant decrease in oxidative phosphorylation capacity in both quadriceps femoris parts ( P = 0.032 in proximal portion, P = 0.010 in distal portion) in comparison with the CON group. This observation was only made for the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) pathway using pyruvate + malate as substrates. When expressed as a flux control ratio, indicating a change related to mitochondrial quality rather than quantity, this change seemed more prominent in distal compared with proximal portion of quadriceps muscle. No significant difference between groups was found for the NADH pathway with glutamate or glutamate + malate as substrates, for the succinate pathway or for fatty acid oxidation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that ECC exercise specifically affects pyruvate mitochondrial transport and/or oxidation 48 h after exercise, and this alteration mainly concerns the distal white muscle portion. This study provides new perspectives to improve our understanding of the mitochondrial adaptation associated with ECC exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Hody
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, BELGIUM
| | - Blair E Warren
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA
| | - Dominique-Marie Votion
- Equine Pole, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège, BELGIUM
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2
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Touron J, Perrault H, Maisonnave L, Patrac V, Walrand S, Malpuech-Brugère C, Pereira B, Burelle Y, Costes F, Richard R. Effects of exercise-induced metabolic and mechanical loading on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in male rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:611-621. [PMID: 35900326 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00719.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, a growing interest in eccentric (ECC) exercise has emerged, but mitochondrial adaptations to ECC training remain poorly documented. Using an approach for manipulating mechanical and metabolic exercise power, we positioned that for same metabolic power, training using concentric (CON) or ECC contractions would induce similar skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations. Sixty adult rats were randomly assigned to a control (CTRL) or three treadmill training groups running at 15m·min-1 for 45min, 5days weekly for 8 weeks at targeted upward or downward slopes. Animals from the CON (+15%) and ECC30 (-30%) groups trained at iso-metabolic power while CON and ECC15 (-15%) exercised at iso-mechanical power. Assessments were made of Vastus Intermedius mitochondrial respiration (oxygraphy), enzymatic activities (spectrophotometry) and real-time qPCR for mRNA transcripts. Maximal rates of mitochondrial respiration was 14-15% higher in CON and ECC30 compared to CTRL and ECC15. Apparent Km for ADP for trained groups was 40-66% higher than CTRL, with statistical significance reached for CON and ECC30. Complex I and citrate synthase activities were 1.6 (ECC15) to 1.8 (ECC30 and CON) times values of CTRL. Complex IV activity was higher than CTRL (p<0.05) only for CON and ECC30. mRNA transcripts analyses showed higher TFAM, SLC25A4, CKMT2 and PPID in the ECC30 compared to CTRL. Findings confirm that training-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial function adaptations are governed by the extent of metabolic overload irrespective of exercise modality. The distinctive ECC30 mRNA transcript pattern may reflect a cytoskeleton damage-repair or ECC adaptive cycle that differs from that of biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Touron
- UCA- INRAE UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Perrault
- Respiratory Division, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laura Maisonnave
- UCA- INRAE UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Véronique Patrac
- UCA- INRAE UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stephane Walrand
- UCA- INRAE UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Bruno Pereira
- Delegation to Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yan Burelle
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Frédéric Costes
- UCA- INRAE UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS team, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Sports Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ruddy Richard
- UCA- INRAE UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS team, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Delegation to Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Sports Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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3
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Liu Y, Xu C, Asiamah CA, Ye R, Pan Y, Lu LL, Zhao Z, Jiang P, Su Y. Decorin regulates myostatin and enhances proliferation and differentiation of embryonic myoblasts in Leizhou black duck. Gene 2021; 804:145884. [PMID: 34364913 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the most important economic traits in the poultry industry whose development goes through several processes influenced by several candidate genes. This study explored the regulatory role of DCN on MSTN and the influence of these genes on the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic myoblasts in Leizhou black ducks. Embryonic myoblasts were transfected with over-expressing DCN, Si-DCN, and empty vector and cultured for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of proliferation and the comparative expression of DCN and MSTN were measured. The results showed that cells transfected with the over-expression DCN had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher expression of DCN mRNA than the normal group and the expression of MSTN mRNA showed a downward trend during the proliferation of myoblasts. DCN mRNA expression was lower in cells transfected with Si-DCN than the normal group in all stages of proliferation. While the expression of MSTN in the Si-DCN transfected group was higher than the normal group with a significant (P < 0.05) difference at the 72 h stage. DCN mRNA increased at the early stage of differentiation but decreased (P > 0.05) from the 6th day to the 8th day of differentiation. The level of MSTN increased gradually during the differentiation process of myoblasts until it decreased significantly on the 8th day. These results show that DCN enhances the proliferation and differentiation of Leizhou black duck myoblasts and suppresses MSTN activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Liu
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Chong Xu
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | | | - Rungen Ye
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Yiting Pan
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Li-Li Lu
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Ying Su
- Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China.
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4
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Zhang SS, Zhou S, Crowley-McHattan ZJ, Wang RY, Li JP. A Review of the Role of Endo/Sarcoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Ca 2+ Transport in Diseases and Skeletal Muscle Function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083874. [PMID: 33917091 PMCID: PMC8067840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The physical contact site between a mitochondrion and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), named the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), has emerged as a fundamental platform for regulating the functions of the two organelles and several cellular processes. This includes Ca2+ transport from the ER to mitochondria, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, apoptosis signalling, ER stress signalling, redox reaction, and membrane structure maintenance. Consequently, the MAM is suggested to be involved in, and as a possible therapeutic target for, some common diseases and impairment in skeletal muscle function, such as insulin resistance and diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, age-related muscle atrophy, and exercise-induced muscle damage. In the past decade, evidence suggests that alterations in Ca2+ transport from the ER to mitochondria, mediated by the macromolecular complex formed by IP3R, Grp75, and VDAC1, may be a universal mechanism for how ER-mitochondria cross-talk is involved in different physiological/pathological conditions mentioned above. A better understanding of the ER (or sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle)-mitochondria Ca2+ transport system may provide a new perspective for exploring the mechanism of how the MAM is involved in the pathology of diseases and skeletal muscle dysfunction. This review provides a summary of recent research findings in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (S.-S.Z.); (J.-P.L.)
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; (S.Z.); (Z.J.C.-M.)
| | - Shi Zhou
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; (S.Z.); (Z.J.C.-M.)
| | | | - Rui-Yuan Wang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (S.-S.Z.); (J.-P.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jun-Ping Li
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (S.-S.Z.); (J.-P.L.)
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5
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Touron J, Costes F, Coudeyre E, Perrault H, Richard R. Aerobic Metabolic Adaptations in Endurance Eccentric Exercise and Training: From Whole Body to Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2021; 11:596351. [PMID: 33584331 PMCID: PMC7873519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A characteristic feature of eccentric as compared with concentric exercise is the ability to generate greater mechanical loads for lower cardiopulmonary demands. Current evidence concurs to show that eccentric training translates into considerable gains in muscle mass and strength. Less is known, however, regarding its impact on oxygen transport and on factors to be considered for optimizing its prescription and monitoring. This article reviews the existing evidence for endurance eccentric exercise effects on the components of the oxygen transport system from systemic to mitochondria in both humans and animals. In the studies reviewed, specially designed cycle-ergometers or downhill treadmill running were used to generate eccentric contractions. Observations to date indicate that overall, the aerobic demand associated with the eccentric training load was too low to significantly increase peak maximal oxygen consumption. By extension, it can be inferred that the very high eccentric power output that would have been required to solicit a metabolic demand sufficient to enhance peak aerobic power could not be tolerated or sustained by participants. The impact of endurance eccentric training on peripheral flow distribution remains largely undocumented. Given the high damage susceptibility of eccentric exercise, the extent to which skeletal muscle oxygen utilization adaptations would be seen depends on the balance of adverse and positive signals on mitochondrial integrity. The article examines the protection provided by repeated bouts of acute eccentric exercise and reports on the impact of eccentric cycling and downhill running training programs on markers of mitochondrial function and of mitochondrial biogenesis using mostly from animal studies. The summary of findings does not reveal an impact of training on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration nor on selected mitochondrial messenger RNA transcripts. The implications of observations to date are discussed within future perspectives for advancing research on endurance eccentric exercise physiological impacts and using a combined eccentric and concentric exercise approach to optimize functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Touron
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Costes
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Médecine du Sport et des Explorations Fonctionnelles, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuel Coudeyre
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Gabriel Montpied/CHU Louise Michel, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Perrault
- Respiratory Division, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ruddy Richard
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Médecine du Sport et des Explorations Fonctionnelles, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Unité d’Exploration en Nutrition (UEN), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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6
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Yin H, Cui C, Han S, Chen Y, Zhao J, He H, Li D, Zhu Q. Fibromodulin Modulates Chicken Skeletal Muscle Development via the Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091477. [PMID: 32842630 PMCID: PMC7552301 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fibromodulin (Fmod) plays critical roles in skeletal muscle development and maintenance, but the roles of Fmod in skeletal muscle atrophy and development in chickens are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Fmod plays important roles in the differentiation and atrophy of chicken skeletal muscle by regulating the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. These results suggest that Fmod plays important roles in skeletal muscle growth and development in chickens. Abstract Fibromodulin (Fmod), which is an extracellular matrix protein, belongs to the extracellular matrix small-leucine-rich proteoglycan family. Fmod is abundantly expressed in muscles and connective tissues and is involved in biological regulation processes, including cell apoptosis, cell adhesion, and modulation of cytokine activity. Fmod is the main regulator of myostatin, which controls the development of muscle cells, but its regulatory path is unknown. Chicken models are ideal for studying embryonic skeletal muscle development; therefore, to investigate the mechanism of Fmod in muscle development, Fmod-silenced and Fmod-overexpressed chicken myoblasts were constructed. The results showed that Fmod plays a positive role in differentiation by detecting the expression of myogenic differentiation markers, immunofluorescence of MyHC protein, and myotube formation in myoblasts. Fmod regulates expression of atrophy-related genes to alleviate muscle atrophy, which was confirmed by histological analysis of breast muscles in Fmod-modulated chicks in vivo. Additionally, genes differentially expressed between Fmod knockdown and normal myoblasts were enriched in the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Both Fmod-silenced and Fmod-overexpressed myoblasts regulated the expression of TGFBR1 and p-Smad3. Thus, Fmod can promote differentiation but not proliferation of myoblasts by regulating the TGF-β signaling pathway, which may serve a function in muscular atrophy.
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7
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Building a Bridge Between NMDAR-Mediated Excitotoxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic and Acute Diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:1413-1430. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Kim K, Monroe JC, Gavin TP, Roseguini BT. Local Heat Therapy to Accelerate Recovery After Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2020; 48:163-169. [PMID: 32658042 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prolonged impairment in muscle strength, power, and fatigue resistance after eccentric exercise has been ascribed to a plethora of mechanisms, including delayed muscle refueling and microvascular and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review explores the hypothesis that local heat therapy hastens functional recovery after strenuous eccentric exercise by facilitating glycogen resynthesis, reversing vascular derangements, augmenting mitochondrial function, and stimulating muscle protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungrae Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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9
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Nichenko AS, Southern WM, Tehrani KF, Qualls AE, Flemington AB, Mercer GH, Yin A, Mortensen LJ, Yin H, Call JA. Mitochondrial-specific autophagy linked to mitochondrial dysfunction following traumatic freeze injury in mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 318:C242-C252. [PMID: 31721614 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00123.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to interrogate the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial-specific autophagy in skeletal muscle. C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a time course of mitochondrial function and autophagy induction after fatigue (n = 12), eccentric contraction-induced injury (n = 20), or traumatic freeze injury (FI, n = 28); only FI resulted in a combination of mitochondrial dysfunction, i.e., decreased mitochondrial respiration, and autophagy induction. Moving forward, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial-specific autophagy is important for the timely recovery of mitochondrial function after FI. Following FI, there is a significant increase in several mitochondrial-specific autophagy-related protein contents including dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), BCL1 interacting protein (BNIP3), Pink1, and Parkin (~2-fold, P < 0.02). Also, mitochondrial-enriched fractions from FI muscles showed microtubule-associated protein light chain B1 (LC3)II colocalization suggesting autophagosome assembly around the damaged mitochondrial. Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (Ulk1) is considered necessary for mitochondrial-specific autophagy and herein we utilized a mouse model with Ulk1 deficiency in adult skeletal muscle (myogenin-Cre). While Ulk1 knockouts had contractile weakness compared with littermate controls (-27%, P < 0.02), the recovery of mitochondrial function was not different, and this may be due in part to a partial rescue of Ulk1 protein content within the regenerating muscle tissue of knockouts from differentiated satellite cells in which Ulk1 was not genetically altered via myogenin-Cre. Lastly, autophagy flux was significantly less in injured versus uninjured muscles (-26%, P < 0.02) despite the increase in autophagy-related protein content. This suggests autophagy flux is not upregulated to match increases in autophagy machinery after injury and represents a potential bottleneck in the clearance of damaged mitochondria by autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Nichenko
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - W Michael Southern
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | | | - Anita E Qualls
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | | | - Grant H Mercer
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Amelia Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Luke J Mortensen
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Hang Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Jarrod A Call
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Minari ALA, Avila F, Oyama LM, Thomatieli-Santos RV. Skeletal muscles induce recruitment of Ly6C + macrophage subtypes and release inflammatory cytokines 3 days after downhill exercise. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R597-R605. [PMID: 31411900 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00163.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most versatile cells of the immune system that can express distinct subtypes and functions depending on the physiological challenge. After skeletal muscle damage, inflammatory macrophage subtypes aid muscles to regenerate and are implicated in physical training adaption. Based on this information, this study aimed to evaluate two classic mice macrophage subtypes and determine whether some inflammatory cytokines might be involved in the muscle adaption process after exercise. For this purpose, mice were exposed to an intermittent experimental protocol of downhill exercise (18 bouts of running, each bout 5 min with a 2-min rest interval, slope -16°) and were euthanized before [control (CTRL)] and 1, 2 (D2), and 3 (D3) days after exercise. After euthanasia, the triceps brachii was harvested and submitted to protein extraction, immunostaining, and mononuclear digestion procedures. The muscle size, macrophage accumulation, and cytokines were determined. We observed an increase in the Ly6C+ macrophage subtype (P ≤ 0.05) in D2 and D3 compared with CTRL, as well as a significant inverse correlation coefficient (-0.52; P ≤ 0.05) between Ly6C+ and Ly6C- macrophage subtypes. Moreover, we also observed elevation in several cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-13) at D3, although not IL-4, which tended to decrease at this time point (P = 0.06). Downhill exercises preferentially recruited Ly6C+ macrophages with important proinflammatory cytokine elevation at D3. Moreover, despite the elevation of several cytokines involved with myogenesis, an increase in IL-6 and IL-13, which potentially involve muscle adaption training after acute exercise, was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Avila
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Jones TW, Petersen N, Howatson G. Optimization of Exercise Countermeasures for Human Space Flight: Operational Considerations for Concurrent Strength and Aerobic Training. Front Physiol 2019; 10:584. [PMID: 31156461 PMCID: PMC6532362 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological challenges presented by space flight and in microgravity (μG) environments are well documented. μG environments can result in declines muscle mass, contractile strength, and functional capabilities. Previous work has focused on exercise countermeasures designed to attenuate the negative effects of μG on skeletal muscle structure, function, and contractile strength and aerobic fitness parameters. Exposure to μG environments influences both strength and aerobic type physical qualities. As such, the current exercise recommendations for those experiencing μG involve a combination of strength and aerobic training or “concurrent training.” Concurrent training strategies can result in development and maintenance of both strength and aerobic capabilities. However, terrestrial research has indicated that if concurrent training strategies are implemented inappropriately, strength development can be inhibited. Previous work has also demonstrated that the aforementioned inhibition of strength development is dependent on the frequency of aerobic training, modality of aerobic training, the relief period between strength and aerobic training, and the intra-session sequencing of strength and aerobic training. While time constraints and feasibility are important considerations for exercise strategies in μG, certain considerations could be made when prescribing concurrent strength and aerobic training to those experiencing human space flight. If strength and aerobic exercise must be performed in close proximity, strength should precede aerobic stimulus. Eccentric strength training methods should be considered to increase mechanical load and reduce metabolic cost. For aerobic capacity, maintenance cycle and/or rowing-based high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) should be considered and cycle ergometry and/or rowing may be preferable to treadmill running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Jones
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nora Petersen
- KBRwyle GmbH, European Astronaut Centre, European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany.,Space Medicine Team, European Astronaut Centre, European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany
| | - Glyn Howatson
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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12
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Hody S, Croisier JL, Bury T, Rogister B, Leprince P. Eccentric Muscle Contractions: Risks and Benefits. Front Physiol 2019; 10:536. [PMID: 31130877 PMCID: PMC6510035 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccentric contractions, characterized by the lengthening of the muscle-tendon complex, present several unique features compared with other types of contractions, which may lead to unique adaptations. Due to its specific physiological and mechanical properties, there is an increasing interest in employing eccentric muscle work for rehabilitation and clinical purposes. However, unaccustomed eccentric exercise is known to cause muscle damage and delayed pain, commonly defined as “Delayed-Onset Muscular Soreness” (DOMS). To date, the most useful preventive strategy to avoid these adverse effects consists of repeating sessions involving submaximal eccentric contractions whose intensity is progressively increased over the training. Despite an increased number of investigations focusing on the eccentric contraction, a significant gap still remains in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the initial damage response and subsequent adaptations to eccentric exercise. Yet, unraveling the molecular basis of exercise-related muscle damage and soreness might help uncover the mechanistic basis of pathological conditions as myalgia or neuromuscular diseases. In addition, a better insight into the mechanisms governing eccentric training adaptations should provide invaluable information for designing therapeutic interventions and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Hody
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Thierry Bury
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, The University Hospital Center, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,GIGA - Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pierre Leprince
- GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,GIGA - Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
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13
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Wilson RJ, Drake JC, Cui D, Ritger ML, Guan Y, Call JA, Zhang M, Leitner LM, Gödecke A, Yan Z. Voluntary running protects against neuromuscular dysfunction following hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:193-201. [PMID: 30433863 PMCID: PMC6383643 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00358.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) due to temporary restriction of blood flow causes tissue/organ damages under various disease conditions, including stroke, myocardial infarction, trauma, and orthopedic surgery. In the limbs, IR injury to motor nerves and muscle fibers causes reduced mobility and quality of life. Endurance exercise training has been shown to increase tissue resistance to numerous pathological insults. To elucidate the impact of endurance exercise training on IR injury in skeletal muscle, sedentary and exercise-trained mice (5 wk of voluntary running) were subjected to ischemia by unilateral application of a rubber band tourniquet above the femur for 1 h, followed by reperfusion. IR caused significant muscle injury and denervation at neuromuscular junction (NMJ) as early as 3 h after tourniquet release as well as depressed muscle strength and neuromuscular transmission in sedentary mice. Despite similar degrees of muscle atrophy and oxidative stress, exercise-trained mice had significantly reduced muscle injury and denervation at NMJ with improved regeneration and functional recovery following IR. Together, these data suggest that endurance exercise training preserves motor nerve and myofiber structure and function from IR injury and promote functional regeneration. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work provides the first evidence that preemptive voluntary wheel running reduces neuromuscular dysfunction following ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle. These findings may alter clinical practices in which a tourniquet is used to modulate blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Matthew L Ritger
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Yuntian Guan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jarrod A Call
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lucia M Leitner
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
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14
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Carmona G, Mendiguchía J, Alomar X, Padullés JM, Serrano D, Nescolarde L, Rodas G, Cussó R, Balius R, Cadefau JA. Time Course and Association of Functional and Biochemical Markers in Severe Semitendinosus Damage Following Intensive Eccentric Leg Curls: Differences between and within Subjects. Front Physiol 2018; 9:54. [PMID: 29467666 PMCID: PMC5807877 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the extent and evolution of hamstring muscle damage caused by an intensive bout of eccentric leg curls (ELCs) by (1) assessing the time course and association of different indirect markers of muscle damage such as changes in the force-generating capacity (FGC), functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), and serum muscle enzyme levels and (2) analyzing differences in the degree of hamstring muscle damage between and within subjects (limb-to-limb comparison). Methods: Thirteen male participants performed six sets of 10 repetitions of an ELC with each leg. Before and at regular intervals over 7 days after the exercise, FGC was measured with maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC). Serum enzyme levels, fMRI transverse relaxation time (T2) and perceived muscle soreness were also assessed and compared against the FGC. Results: Two groups of subjects were identified according to the extent of hamstring muscle damage based on decreased FGC and increased serum enzyme levels: high responders (n = 10, severe muscle damage) and moderate responders (n = 3, moderate muscle damage). In the high responders, fMRI T2 analysis revealed that the semitendinosus (ST) muscle suffered severe damage in the three regions measured (proximal, middle, and distal). The biceps femoris short head (BFsh) muscle was also damaged and there were significant differences in the FGC within subjects in the high responders. Conclusion: FGC and serum enzyme levels measured in 10 of the subjects from the sample were consistent with severe muscle damage. However, the results showed a wide range of peak MVC reductions, reflecting different degrees of damage between subjects (high and moderate responders). fMRI analysis confirmed that the ST was the hamstring muscle most damaged by ELCs, with uniform T2 changes across all the measured sections of this muscle. During intensive ELCs, the ST muscle could suffer an anomalous recruitment pattern due to fatigue and damage, placing an excessive load on the BFsh and causing it to perform a synergistic compensation that leads to structural damage. Finally, T2 and MVC values did not correlate for the leg with the smaller FGC decrease in the hamstring muscles, suggesting that long-lasting increases in T2 signals after FGC markers have returned to baseline values might indicate an adaptive process rather than damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Carmona
- Escola Superior de Ciències de la Salut, Pompeu Fabra University, Mataró, Spain.,Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jurdan Mendiguchía
- Department of Physical Therapy, Zentrum Rehab and Performance Center, Barañain, Spain
| | - Xavier Alomar
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Padullés
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Serrano
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lexa Nescolarde
- Department of Electronic, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gil Rodas
- Futbol Club Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Cussó
- Departament de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joan A Cadefau
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Pollock-Tahiri E, Locke M. The cellular stress response of rat skeletal muscle following lengthening contractions. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:708-715. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The cellular stress response of the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was investigated following 20, 40, or 60 lengthening contractions (LCs) using an in vivo model of electrical stimulation. Muscles were removed at 0, 1, 3, or 24 h after LCs and assessed for heat shock transcription factor (HSF) activation, heat shock protein (HSP) content, and/or morphological evidence of muscle fibre damage. When compared with the first muscle contraction, peak muscle torque was reduced by 26% (p < 0.05) after 20 LCs and further reduced to 56% and 60% (p < 0.001) after 40 and 60 LCs, respectively. Following 60 LCs, HSF activation was detected at 0, 1, and 3 h but was undetectable at 24 h. Hsp72 content was elevated at 24 h after 20 LCs (2.34 ± 0.37 fold, p < 0.05), 40 LCs (3.02 ± 0.31 fold, p < 0.01), and 60 LCs (3.37 ± 0.21 fold, p < 0.001). Hsp25 content increased after 40 (2.36 ± 0.24 fold, p < 0.01) and 60 LCs (2.80 ± 0.37 fold, p < 0.01). Morphological assessment of TA morphology revealed that very few fibres were damaged following 20 LCs while multiple sets of LCs (40 and 60) caused greater amounts of fibre damage. Electron microscopy showed disrupted Z-lines and sarcomeres were detectable in some muscles fibres following 20 LCs but were more prevalent and severe in muscles subjected to 40 or 60 LCs. These results suggest LCs elevate HSP content by an HSF-mediated mechanism (60 LC) and a single set of 20 LCs is capable of increasing muscle HSP content without causing significant muscle fibre damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Pollock-Tahiri
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Marius Locke
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
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16
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Rizo-Roca D, Ríos-Kristjánsson JG, Núñez-Espinosa C, Santos-Alves E, Magalhães J, Ascensão A, Pagès T, Viscor G, Torrella JR. Modulation of mitochondrial biomarkers by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia and aerobic exercise after eccentric exercise in trained rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:683-693. [PMID: 28177702 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Unaccustomed eccentric contractions induce muscle damage, calcium homeostasis disruption, and mitochondrial alterations. Since exercise and hypoxia are known to modulate mitochondrial function, we aimed to analyze the effects on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EEIMD) in trained rats using 2 recovery protocols based on: (i) intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) and (ii) IHH followed by exercise. The expression of biomarkers related to mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, oxidative stress, and bioenergetics was evaluated. Soleus muscles were excised before (CTRL) and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after an EEIMD protocol. The following treatments were applied 1 day after the EEIMD: passive normobaric recovery (PNR), 4 h daily exposure to passive IHH at 4000 m (PHR) or IHH exposure followed by aerobic exercise (AHR). Citrate synthase activity was reduced at 7 and 14 days after application of the EEIMD protocol. However, this reduction was attenuated in AHR rats at day 14. PGC-1α and Sirt3 and TOM20 levels had decreased after 1 and 3 days, but the AHR group exhibited increased expression of these proteins, as well as of Tfam, by the end of the protocol. Mfn2 greatly reduced during the first 72 h, but returned to basal levels passively. At day 14, AHR rats had higher levels of Mfn2, OPA1, and Drp1 than PNR animals. Both groups exposed to IHH showed a lower p66shc(ser36)/p66shc ratio than PNR animals, as well as higher complex IV subunit I and ANT levels. These results suggest that IHH positively modulates key mitochondrial aspects after EEIMD, especially when combined with aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rizo-Roca
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Gabriel Ríos-Kristjánsson
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,b School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile 621-0427
| | - Estela Santos-Alves
- c Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4200-450
| | - José Magalhães
- c Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4200-450
| | - António Ascensão
- c Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4200-450
| | - Teresa Pagès
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ginés Viscor
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Ramon Torrella
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Schlagowski AI, Isner-Horobeti ME, Dufour SP, Rasseneur L, Enache I, Lonsdorfer-Wolf E, Doutreleau S, Charloux A, Goupilleau F, Bentz I, Charles AL, Kouassi BY, Zoll J, Geny B, Favret F. Mitochondrial function following downhill and/or uphill exercise training in rats. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:925-935. [PMID: 27064266 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The goal of this study was to compare the effects of downhill (DH), uphill (UH), and UH-DH exercise training, at the same metabolic rate, on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. METHODS Thirty-two Wistar rats were separated into a control and 3 trained groups. The trained groups exercised for 4 weeks, 5 times per week at the same metabolic rate, either in UH, DH, or combined UH-DH. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the soleus, gastrocnemius, and vastus intermedius muscles were removed for assessment of mitochondrial respiration. RESULTS Exercise training, at the same metabolic rate, improved maximal running speed without specificity for exercise modalities. Maximal fiber respiration was enhanced in soleus and vastus intermedius in the UH group only. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training, performed at the same metabolic rate, improved exercise capacity, but only UH-trained rats enhanced mitochondrial function in both soleus and vastus intermedius skeletal muscle. Muscle Nerve 54: 925-935, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Isabel Schlagowski
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Eve Isner-Horobeti
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Institute of Rehabilitation Clémenceau, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane P Dufour
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Rasseneur
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France
| | - Irina Enache
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Evelyne Lonsdorfer-Wolf
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Doutreleau
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Charloux
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabienne Goupilleau
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isabelle Bentz
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Laure Charles
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Blah Y Kouassi
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joffrey Zoll
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Favret
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France. .,Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France.
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18
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Ca2+-dependent regulations and signaling in skeletal muscle: from electro-mechanical coupling to adaptation. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1066-95. [PMID: 25569087 PMCID: PMC4307291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in almost all cellular processes and ensures the functionality of an organism. In skeletal muscle fibers, Ca(2+) is critically involved in the innervation of skeletal muscle fibers that results in the exertion of an action potential along the muscle fiber membrane, the prerequisite for skeletal muscle contraction. Furthermore and among others, Ca(2+) regulates also intracellular processes, such as myosin-actin cross bridging, protein synthesis, protein degradation and fiber type shifting by the control of Ca(2+)-sensitive proteases and transcription factors, as well as mitochondrial adaptations, plasticity and respiration. These data highlight the overwhelming significance of Ca(2+) ions for the integrity of skeletal muscle tissue. In this review, we address the major functions of Ca(2+) ions in adult muscle but also highlight recent findings of critical Ca(2+)-dependent mechanisms essential for skeletal muscle-regulation and maintenance.
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19
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Faster $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{ 2}$$ V ˙ O 2 kinetics after eccentric contractions is explained by better matching of O2 delivery to O2 utilization. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 114:2169-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-2937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Short-term eccentric exercise in newly diagnosed type II diabetics: an exploratory study. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-014-0193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Lomonosova YN, Shenkman BS, Kalamkarov GR, Kostrominova TY, Nemirovskaya TL. L-arginine supplementation protects exercise performance and structural integrity of muscle fibers after a single bout of eccentric exercise in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94448. [PMID: 24736629 PMCID: PMC3988069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccentric exercise is known to disrupt sarcolemmal integrity and induce damage of skeletal muscle fibers. We hypothesized that L-arginine (L-Arg; nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrate) supplementation prior to a single bout of eccentric exercise would diminish exercise-induced damage. In addition, we used N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME; NOS inhibitor) to clarify the role of native NOS activity in the development of exercise-induced muscle damage. Rats were divided into four groups: non-treated control (C), downhill running with (RA) or without (R) L-Arg supplementation and downhill running with L-NAME supplementation (RN). Twenty four hours following eccentric exercise seven rats in each group were sacrificed and soleus muscles were dissected and frozen for further analysis. The remaining seven rats in each group were subjected to the exercise performance test. Our experiments showed that L-Arg supplementation prior to a single bout of eccentric exercise improved subsequent exercise performance capacity tests in RA rats when compared with R, RN and C rats by 37%, 27% and 13%, respectively. This outcome is mediated by L-Arg protection against post-exercise damage of sarcolemma (2.26- and 0.87-fold less than R and RN groups, respectively), reduced numbers of damaged muscle fibers indicated by the reduced loss of desmin content in the muscle (15% and 25% less than R and RN groups, respectively), and diminished µ-calpain mRNA up-regulation (42% and 30% less than R and RN groups, respectively). In conclusion, our study indicates that L-Arg supplementation prior to a single bout of eccentric exercise alleviates muscle fiber damage and preserves exercise performance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tatiana Y. Kostrominova
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Tatyana L. Nemirovskaya
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Bio-Medical Problems, RAS, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Magalhães J, Fraga M, Lumini-Oliveira J, Gonçalves I, Costa M, Ferreira R, Oliveira PJ, Ascensão A. Eccentric exercise transiently affects mice skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2013; 38:401-9. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Eccentric exercise (EE) is known to induce damage and dysfunction in skeletal muscle. However, the possible role of mitochondrial (dys)function, including the vulnerability to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of a single acute bout of downhill running on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Thirty 12-week-old Charles River CD1 male mice were randomly assigned into control (C) or exercised groups. EE consisted of 120 min of downhill treadmill running at a –16° gradient. Exercised animals were sacrificed immediately (Ecc0h) and 48 h (Ecc48h) after the end of the running bout. Plasma and skeletal muscles were then obtained. Muscle mitochondrial function, including oxygen consumption prior to and after anoxia and reoxygenation, membrane potential, and MPTP opening, were evaluated. Respiratory chain complexI, II, and V activities were determined. EE significantly increased plasma creatine kinase activity (119.4 ± 5.6 vs. 1061.3 ± 46.3 vs. 256.8 ± 15.3 U·L–1, C, Ecc0h and Ecc48h, respectively) and myoglobin and interleukin-6 content. Impaired state 3 and respiratory control ratio (8.4 ± 0.4 vs. 5.6 ± 0.9 vs. 8.4 ± 0.5, C, Ecc0h and Ecc48h, respectively), as well as increased susceptibility to MPTP opening, seen by cyclosporin A-sensitive high swelling amplitude, lower time to maximal swelling velocity (313.8 ± 17.7 vs. 244.5 ± 19.4 vs. 298.5 ± 8.7 s, C, Ecc0h and Ecc48h, respectively), and calcium release immediately after the end of exercise (C vs. Ecc0h) were observed. EE induced a transient impairment in the activity of complex V (C vs. Ecc0h). No significant changes from the C group were observed 48 h after the end of EE (C vs. Ecc48h) in any analyzed parameters. In conclusion, prolonged EE transiently impaired mice skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and increased susceptibility to calcium-induced MPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Magalhães
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Fraga
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Lumini-Oliveira
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Gonçalves
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manoel Costa
- School of Sport, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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