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Shi R, Gao K, Gao Y, Huang X, Yang L, Liu Q, Zhao R, Qin Y, Liu S, Zheng X, Xue Y. Mid-arm muscle circumference and triceps skinfold thickness associated with cardiometabolic disease in Chinese residents: A prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:45-54. [PMID: 38036326 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The association of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) with body muscle and fat mass remains unclear. Mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness are easily obtained measuring methods for these two body compositions. This study aimed to investigate the association of CMD with MAMC and TSF thickness among Chinese residents. METHODS A total of 9440 eligible participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included in the analysis. Associations of CMD prevalence with MAMC and TSF thickness were estimated using logistic regression models. Multivariable COX proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate the effect of baseline MAMC and TSF thickness on subsequent CMD. RESULTS Positive associations of CMD prevalence with MAMC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.169, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.110-1.232, P < 0.001) and TSF thickness (OR = 1.313, 95%CI 1.240-1.390, P < 0.001) were observed in the cross-sectional analysis. In the longitudinal study, a 1-SD increase in MAMC was associated with a 13.6% increased risk of CMD incidence (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.136, 95%CI 1.073-1.204, P < 0.001), and a 1-SD increase in TSF thickness had a 17.6% increased risk of CMD incidence (HR = 1.176, 95%CI 1.084-1.276, P < 0.001). For the CMD components, both MAMC and TSF thickness contributed to increased incidences of hypertension (HR = 1.163, 95%CI 1.097-1.233, P < 0.001 in MAMC; HR = 1.218, 95%CI 1.110-1.336, P < 0.001 in TSF thickness) and diabetes mellitus (HR = 1.166, 95%CI 1.028-1.323, P = 0.017 in MAMC; HR = 1.352, 95%CI 1.098-1.664, P = 0.004 in TSF thickness). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with higher MAMC and TSF thickness had an increased incidence of CMD, mainly hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This study revealed a seemingly counterintuitive association between body muscle mass and metabolic homeostasis. Although the potential mechanisms require further exploration, the impact of body muscle mass on metabolic health cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaorui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruonan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaopu Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanbo Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Yuan W, Zhang Y, Chen L, Liu J, Chen M, Guo T, Wang X, Ma T, Ma Q, Jiang J, Cui M, Dong Y, Song Y, Ma J. Lean body mass positively associate with blood pressure in Chinese adults: the roles of ages and body fat distribution. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2453. [PMID: 38062411 PMCID: PMC10704775 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between lean body mass (LBM) and blood pressure (BP) is controversial and limited. This study investigated the associations between LBM indexes and BP in adults of different ages and with varying body fat distribution. METHODS The data for the present analysis was obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 1,465 adults (50.7% males) aged 18-70 years conducted in Beijing, China. Regional LBM and fat distribution, including fat mass (FM) and android to gynoid fat ratio (AOI), were assessed using a dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer. Generalized Liner Model (GLM) was employed. Confounders, including age, sex, height, weight, smoking, and alcohol use, were evaluated through questionnaires and physical examinations. RESULTS Males had higher rates of hypertension (11.19% vs. 4.92%) and prehypertension (21.57% vs. 14.59%) than females. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 122.04 mmHg and 76.68 mmHg. There were no significant associations between LBM and DBP (p > 0.05). However, arms LBM (β = 1.86, 95% CI: 0.77, 2.94) and trunk LBM (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.73) were significantly associated with SBP. The association of LBM on DBP was stronger with increasing ages, and stronger in females than in males (p < 0.001). The association between adults' arms LBM and SBP was stronger in the high level FM group (β = 2.74 vs. β = 1.30) and high level AOI group (β = 1.80 vs. β = 2.08). CONCLUSION The influence of LBM on SBP increases with age, particularly after the age twenty years in females. For adults with high FM or high AOI, LBM in the arms, showed a stronger positive predictive association with SBP. This suggests that, in addition to controlling fat content, future efforts to improve cardiovascular health in adults should include the management of LBM (especially in the upper body).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yuan
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Manman Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tongjun Guo
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, 750004, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianuo Jiang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mengjie Cui
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
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de Paula VF, Tardelli LP, Amaral SL. Dexamethasone-Induced Arterial Stiffening Is Attenuated by Training due to a Better Balance Between Aortic Collagen and Elastin Levels. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07438-z. [PMID: 36795192 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the cardioprotective benefits of exercise training are well known, the effects of training on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced arterial stiffness are still unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the mechanisms induced by training to prevent DEX-induced arterial stiffness. METHODS Wistar rats were allocated into 4 groups and submitted to combined training (aerobic and resistance exercises, on alternate days, 60% of maximal capacity, for 74 d) or were kept sedentary: sedentary control rats (SC), DEX-treated sedentary rats (DS), combined training control (CT), and DEX-treated trained rats (DT). During the last 14 d, rats were treated with DEX (50 μg/kg per body weight, per day, s.c.) or saline. RESULTS DEX increased PWV (+44% vs +5% m/s, for DS vs SC, p<0.001) and increased aortic COL 3 protein level (+75%) in DS. In addition, PWV was correlated with COL3 levels (r=0.682, p<0.0001). Aortic elastin and COL1 protein levels remained unchanged. On the other hand, the trained and treated groups showed lower PWV values (-27% m/s, p<0.001) vs DS and lower values of aortic and femoral COL3 compared with DS. CONCLUSION As DEX is widely used in several situations, the clinical relevance of this study is that the maintenance of good physical capacity throughout life can be crucial to alleviate some of its side effects, such as arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius F de Paula
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Lidieli P Tardelli
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil.
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NAKAMURA N, KUBO T, MURAOKA I. Effects of changes in large arterial compliance and small arterial buffer function with resistance training on cerebral blood flow pulsatility. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2022. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.19.04300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Liu Y, Sun G, Li Y. A prospective cohort study on the association of lean body mass estimated by mid-upper arm muscle circumference with hypertension risk in Chinese residents. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2022; 24:329-338. [PMID: 35174624 PMCID: PMC8925010 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The associations of lean body mass (LBM) with elevated blood pressure (BP) and hypertension were controversial, and the causalities have never been shown. Mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MAMC), an easily obtained anthropometric measurement, could provide an accurate estimate for LBM. Therefore, a prospective cohort study in general Chinese residents aiming to find out the relationship between LBM estimated using MAMC and hypertension risk was performed. Eight thousand one hundred eighty-five eligible participants were included in the baseline analysis, among whom 3442 were subsequently selected into cohort analysis. MAMC was calculated using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TST). Associations of MAMC with BP values and hypertension prevalence were estimated by linear and logistic regression models. Associations with hypertension incidence were estimated by COX regression models, hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were given. Nonlinear relationship between MAMC and hypertension risk was estimated using restricted cubic spline method. Standardized coefficients of MUAC and TST were compared to estimate their strengths of associations with hypertension. Baseline analysis showed that after adjusted for confounders, the increase of systolic BP per standard deviation (SD) of MAMC were 1.97 mmHg (95%CI: 1.46, 2.48) and 1.63 mmHg (95%CI: 1.10, 2.16) respectively in men and women, and the increases of diastolic BP per SD were 1.58 mmHg (95%CI: 1.23, 1.92) and 1.08 mmHg (95%CI: 0.74, 1.42). Additionally, the association of MAMC with the prevalence of hypertension were also found in both men and women (OR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.26, 1.47 in men; OR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.22, 1.44 in women). Cohort analysis showed that MAMC increased the risk of hypertension (HR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.19 for men; HR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.26 for women), and a trend of J-shaped relationship was found. Additionally, the stronger associations of MUAC with both BP values and hypertension than that of TST were found in both baseline and cohort analyses. Findings in our study implied that we cannot neglect the capacity of LBM in predicting hypertension risk, and LBM estimates should be recommended in general health surveys or examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Liu
- Department of Clinical EpidemiologyThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Guifan Sun
- Research Center of Environmental and Non‐Communicable DiseaseSchool of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yongfang Li
- Research Center of Environmental and Non‐Communicable DiseaseSchool of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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Aortic haemodynamics: the effects of habitual endurance exercise, age and muscle sympathetic vasomotor outflow in healthy men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:801-813. [PMID: 35034204 PMCID: PMC8854282 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We determined the effect of habitual endurance exercise and age on aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), augmentation pressure (AP) and systolic blood pressure (aSBP), with statistical adjustments of aPWV and AP for heart rate and aortic mean arterial pressure, when appropriate. Furthermore, we assessed whether muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) correlates with AP in young and middle-aged men. METHODS Aortic PWV, AP, aortic blood pressure (applanation tonometry; SphygmoCor) and MSNA (peroneal microneurography) were recorded in 46 normotensive men who were either young or middle-aged and endurance-trained runners or recreationally active nonrunners (10 nonrunners and 13 runners within each age-group). Between-group differences and relationships between variables were assessed via ANOVA/ANCOVA and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, respectively. RESULTS Adjusted aPWV and adjusted AP were similar between runners and nonrunners in both age groups (all, P > 0.05), but higher with age (all, P < 0.001), with a greater effect size for the age-related difference in AP in runners (Hedges' g, 3.6 vs 2.6). aSBP was lower in young (P = 0.009; g = 2.6), but not middle-aged (P = 0.341; g = 1.1), runners compared to nonrunners. MSNA burst frequency did not correlate with AP in either age group (young: r = 0.00, P = 0.994; middle-aged: r = - 0.11, P = 0.604). CONCLUSION There is an age-dependent effect of habitual exercise on aortic haemodynamics, with lower aSBP in young runners compared to nonrunners only. Statistical adjustment of aPWV and AP markedly influenced the outcomes of this study, highlighting the importance of performing these analyses. Further, peripheral sympathetic vasomotor outflow and AP were not correlated in young or middle-aged normotensive men.
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Li M, Lin J, Liang S, Huang S, Wen Z, Mo Z. Predicted Fat Mass, Lean Body Mass, and Risk of Hypertension: Results from a Chinese Male Cohort Study. Obes Facts 2022; 15:638-647. [PMID: 35584613 PMCID: PMC9669944 DOI: 10.1159/000524653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have deciphered whether lean body mass (LBM) or fat mass (FM) is predominantly responsible for the body mass index (BMI)-hypertension association. This study aimed to assess the associations of predicted LBM and FM with hypertension risk among Chinese male adults. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted among 2,812 male participants free of hypertension in the Fangchenggang Area Males Health and Examination Survey in 2009. We performed multivariable Cox models and restricted cubic spline to examine the associations of predicted LBM and FM and BMI with hypertension, and to further explore the mediating roles of lipid and glycemic traits in the relationship between predicted FM and blood pressure. RESULTS Of 1,238 participants included in the cohort study, 306 (24.8%) hypertension cases were identified during a median follow-up of 3.8 years, with an incidence rate of 7.0 per 100 person-years. A positive linear-shaped association was consistently observed between BMI and hypertension (p for trend <0.001). Multivariable-adjusted Cox models including predicted LBM and FM observed a positive association between predicted FM and hypertension. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of predicted FM, men in the highest quartile had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.83 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-2.97) for hypertension. The HR per standard deviation increase of BMI and predicted FM was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04-1.19) above 23.1 kg/m2 and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02-1.15) above 14.6 kg, respectively. However, predicted LBM was not associated with hypertension. In addition, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) mediated the relationship of predicted FM with systolic blood pressure, with a mediation ratio of 37.1% and 8.2%, respectively. Furthermore, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) positively mediated the association of predicted FM with diastolic blood pressure, with a mediation ratio of 9.5% and 9.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION Higher predicted FM might play a central role in the positive linear relationship of the BMI-hypertension association in Chinese male adults, and the link from predicted FM to blood pressure was partially mediated by TC, TG, HDL-c, and FBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiali Lin
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shengzhu Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Zengnan Mo,
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Nakamura N, Muraoka I. Effects of Greater Central Arterial Stiffness on Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity in Resistance-Trained Men. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2021; 7:77. [PMID: 34698951 PMCID: PMC8548489 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Compared with age-matched untrained men, resistance-trained men who have undergone long duration training (> 2 years) at a high frequency (> 5 days/week) may be lower cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) because of central arterial stiffening. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of greater central arterial stiffness in resistance-trained men on cardiovagal BRS in a cross-sectional study to compare resistance-trained men with age-matched untrained men. Methods This cross-sectional study included resistance-trained men (n = 20; age: 22 ± 3; body mass index: 26.7 ± 2.2) and age-matched untrained men (control group: n = 20; age: 25 ± 2; body mass index: 23.7 ± 2.4). The β-stiffness index and arterial compliance were assessed at the right carotid artery using a combination of a brightness mode ultrasonography system for the carotid artery diameter and applanation tonometry for the carotid blood pressure. And, the cardiovagal BRS was estimated by the slope of the R–R interval and systolic blood pressure during Phase II and IV of Valsalva maneuver (VM). The participants maintained an expiratory mouth pressure of 40 mmHg for 15 s in the supine position. Results The β-Stiffness index was significantly higher in the resistance-trained group than in the control group (5.9 ± 1.4 vs. 4.4 ± 1.0 a.u., P < 0.01). In contrast, the resistance-trained group had significantly lower arterial compliance (0.15 ± 0.05 vs. 0.20 ± 0.04 mm2/mmHg, P < 0.01) and cardiovagal BRS during Phase IV of VM (9.0 ± 2.5 vs. 12.9 ± 5.4 ms/mmHg, P < 0.01) than the control group and. Moreover, cardiovagal BRS during Phase IV of VM was inversely and positively correlated with the β-stiffness index (r = − 0.59, P < 0.01) and arterial compliance (r = 0.64, P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusion Resistance-trained group had greater central arterial stiffness and lower cardiovagal BRS Phase IV compared with control group. Moreover, the central arterial stiffening was related to cardiovagal BRS Phase IV. These results suggest that greater central arterial stiffness in resistance-trained men may be associated with lower cardiovagal BRS. Trial Registration University hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) in Japan, UMIN000038116. Registered on September 27, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakamura
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. .,Faculty of Commerce, Yokohama College of Commerce, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Isao Muraoka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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Systemic Inflammation, Vascular Function, and Endothelial Progenitor Cells after an Exercise Training Intervention in COPD. Am J Med 2021; 134:e171-e180. [PMID: 32781050 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training is a cornerstone of the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in all disease stages. Data about the training effects with supplemental oxygen in nonhypoxemic patients remains inconclusive. In this study we set out to investigate the training and oxygen effects on inflammatory markers, vascular function, and endothelial progenitor cells in this population of increased cardiovascular risk. METHODS In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 29 patients with nonhypoxemic COPD performed combined endurance and strength training 3 times a week while breathing medical air or supplemental oxygen for the first 6-week period, and were then reallocated to the opposite gas for the following 6 weeks. Exercise capacity, inflammatory biomarkers, endothelial function (peripheral arterial tone analysis), and endothelial progenitor cells were assessed. Data were also analyzed for a subgroup with endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index <1.67). RESULTS Following 12 weeks of exercise training, patients demonstrated a significant improvement of peak work rate and an associated decrease of blood fibrinogen and leptin. Eosinophils were found significantly reduced after exercise training in patients with endothelial dysfunction. In this subgroup, peripheral arterial tone analysis revealed a significant improvement of reactive hyperemia index. Generally, late endothelial progenitor cells were found significantly reduced after the exercise training intervention. Supplemental oxygen during training positively influenced the effect on exercise capacity without impact on inflammation and endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS This is the first randomized controlled trial in patients with COPD to show beneficial effects of exercise training not only on exercise capacity, but also on systemic/eosinophilic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
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Nardone M, Floras JS, Millar PJ. Sympathetic neural modulation of arterial stiffness in humans. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H1338-H1346. [PMID: 33035441 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00734.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Elevated large-artery stiffness is recognized as an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The mechanisms responsible for such stiffening are incompletely understood. Several recent cross-sectional and acute experimental studies have examined whether sympathetic outflow, quantified by microneurographic measures of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), can modulate large-artery stiffness in humans. A major methodological challenge of this research has been the capacity to evaluate the independent neural contribution without influencing the dynamic blood pressure dependence of arterial stiffness. The focus of this review is to summarize the evidence examining 1) the relationship between resting MSNA and large-artery stiffness, as determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity or pulse wave reflection characteristics (i.e., augmentation index) in men and women; 2) the effects of acute sympathoexcitatory or sympathoinhibitory maneuvers on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index; and 3) the influence of sustained increases or decreases in sympathetic neurotransmitter release or circulating catecholamines on large-artery stiffness. The present results highlight the growing evidence that the sympathetic nervous system is capable of modulating arterial stiffness independent of prevailing hemodynamics and vasomotor tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Nardone
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - John S Floras
- University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip J Millar
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Nakamura N, Ikemura T, Muraoka I. Acute effect of increased arterial stiffness with high-intensity resistance exercise on cerebral blood flow. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2019. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.18.03765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Pierce DR, Doma K, Raiff H, Golledge J, Leicht AS. Influence of Exercise Mode on Post-exercise Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Wave Measures in Healthy Adult Males. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1468. [PMID: 30459633 PMCID: PMC6232940 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise mode has been reported to be an important determinant of arterial stiffness and wave reflection changes following a brief bout of exercise with inconsistent results to date. This study examined the impact of exercise mode on arterial stiffness and pressure wave measures following acute aerobic exercise (AER), resistance exercise (RES), and a control (CON) condition with no exercise. Methods: In a randomized, cross-over, repeated measures design, 21 healthy adult males (26.7 ± 7.2 years) undertook three experimental intervention sessions: AER (30-min cycle ergometry at 70-75% maximum heart rate), RES (3 × 10 repetitions of six upper and lower body exercises at 80-90% of 10-repetition maximum) and CON (30-min seated rest). Measures of arterial stiffness and pressure waves, such as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index (AIx), AIx corrected for heart rate of 75 (AIx75), and forward wave (Pf), backward wave (Pb) and reflection magnitude, were assessed at Rest and at 10-min intervals for 60 min after the intervention sessions. Comparisons between interventions and over time were assessed via repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's tests. Results: No significant differences in cf-PWV were noted between the three interventions at rest or post-intervention. However, RES led to significantly greater post-intervention AIx, AIx75, Pf, and Pb compared to AER and CON with AIx75 also remaining significantly elevated throughout the post-intervention period. In contrast, AER resulted in a brief, significant elevation of AIx75 and no change in cf-PWV, Pf, Pb, and reflection magnitude. Conclusions: Exercise mode, specifically RES and AER, significantly influenced the time course of pressure wave reflection responses following a brief bout of exercise in healthy adult males. Distinct adjustments during exercise including changes in blood pressure and vasomotor tone may be key modulators of post-exercise arterial function. Identification of modal differences may assist in understanding the impact of exercise on cardiovascular function and the mechanisms by which exercise benefits vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris R Pierce
- Sport & Exercise Science, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenji Doma
- Sport & Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Hayleigh Raiff
- Department of Health and Sport Science, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- Sport & Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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13
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Ye S, Zhu C, Wei C, Yang M, Zheng W, Gan D, Zhu S. Associations of Body Composition with Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1644-1650. [PMID: 30260578 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the associations of body composition, including skeletal muscle and fat mass, with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. METHODS Data from 3,130 participants aged 18 to 80 years were analyzed. Body composition and total skeletal muscle (TSM) were measured or calculated based on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of TSM, body fat percentage, android to gynoid fat ratio, and leg and arm lean body mass (LBM) with BP and hypertension. The Wald test was used to estimate the differences in the coefficients. RESULTS TSM indices, body fat percentage, and android to gynoid fat ratio were significantly associated with higher odds ratio for prehypertension and hypertension, except for TSM/weight, after controlling for potential confounders. The standardized beta coefficients of arm LBM indices for systolic and diastolic BP were higher than relevant indices of leg LBM. CONCLUSIONS Different indices of TSM, especially in arm LBM, were all positively associated with elevated BP, prehypertension, and hypertension in Chinese adults, after considering potential confounding factors, including body fat and fat distribution. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyue Ye
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaonan Zhu
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifang Zheng
- Red Cross Hospital of Lanxi City, Lanxi, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da Gan
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shankuan Zhu
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Perissiou M, Bailey TG, Windsor M, Leicht AS, Golledge J, Askew CD. Reliability of arterial stiffness indices at rest and following a single bout of moderate-intensity exercise in older adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2018; 39:42-50. [PMID: 29956874 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Short-term changes in arterial stiffness with exercise are proposed to better reflect vascular impairments than resting measures alone and are suggested as a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular risk in older adults. Arterial stiffness indices are reliable at rest, but the time-course and reliability of postexercise changes in arterial stiffness in older adults are unknown. The precision of postexercise changes in arterial stiffness should be determined prior to their use in large prospective trials. This study assessed the between-day reliability of the changes in pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx75) and reflection magnitude (RM) following an exercise bout in older adults. Ten older adults (71 ± 5 years) were tested on three separate days, 7 days apart. PWV, AIx75 and RM were assessed at rest, immediately post and at 20, 40 and 60 min during recovery after moderate-intensity cycling. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and reliability coefficient (RC) were used to assess the relative and absolute reliability of arterial stiffness responses. PWV increased, and RM decreased immediately after exercise (P<0·05), and returned to baseline during recovery. AIx decreased during recovery (P<0·001). Resting ICC values were 0·91 (PWV), 0·72 (AIx75) and 0·40 (RM). Reliability of the immediate changes following exercise was high for PWV (ICC:0·87, RC:1·9 m s-1 ) and moderate for AIx75 (ICC:0·64, RC:7%) and RM (ICC:0·59, RC:9%). Reliability of the postexercise responses was similar to that at rest for all measures of arterial stiffness. These findings indicate that postexercise changes in arterial stiffness indices are reliable in healthy older adults and supports further investigation of the prognostic value of these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perissiou
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
| | - Tom G Bailey
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia.,Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Windsor
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher D Askew
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
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15
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Nakamura N, Muraoka I. Resistance Training Augments Cerebral Blood Flow Pulsatility: Cross-Sectional Study. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:811-817. [PMID: 29506139 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpy034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased central arterial stiffness and/or decreased compliance reduces buffer function and increases cerebral blood flow (CBF) pulsatility, which leads to increased cerebral microvascular damage, resulting in the augmentation of the risk of cerebrovascular diseases. Resistance-trained men showed higher central arterial stiffness and lower arterial compliance than age-matched, sedentary men. This study examined the effect of increased central arterial stiffness and/or decreased arterial compliance on CBF pulsatility. METHODS The study participants included 31 young healthy men (15 resistance-trained men, aged 21 ± 1 years; and 16 controls, aged 23 ± 1 years). β-Stiffness index and arterial compliance were measured in the right carotid artery as index of central arterial stiffness and compliance, respectively. The pulsatility index (PI) was measured in the middle cerebral artery as index of CBF pulsatility. RESULTS β-Stiffness index and PI were significantly higher in the resistance-trained group than in the control group (β-stiffness index: 5.3 ± 0.3 vs. 3.5 ± 0.3 a.u., P < 0.05, PI: 0.80 ± 0.02 vs. 0.70 ± 0.02, P < 0.05). The resistance-trained group showed significantly lower arterial compliance than the control group (0.16 ± 0.01 vs. 0.23 ± 0.01 mm2/mm Hg, P < 0.05). Positive and negative correlations were observed between β-stiffness index and PI (r = 0.39, P < 0.05), and between arterial compliance and PI (r = -0.59, P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The resistance-trained group showed higher central arterial stiffness and PI and lower arterial compliance. Central arterial stiffness and arterial compliance were associated with PI. Increased arterial stiffness and decreased arterial compliance with resistance training impair buffer function, resulting in increased CBF pulsatility. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial Number UMIN000023816 URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/icdr/index.html Official scientific title of the study: effect of increase arterial stiffness by resistance training on cerebral hemodynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Mikajima, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isao Muraoka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Mikajima, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, Japan
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16
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Boeno FP, Ramis TR, Farinha JB, de Lemos LS, Medeiros NDS, Ribeiro JL. Acute effects of strength exercise with blood flow restriction on vascular function of young healthy males. J Vasc Bras 2018; 17:122-127. [PMID: 30377421 PMCID: PMC6205709 DOI: 10.1590/1677-5449.011017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Strength training with blood flow restriction (STBFR) provokes similar neuromuscular adaptations to traditional strength training using low training loads. However, there is a need for better understanding of the repercussions for antioxidant parameters and vascular function. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of a session of low intensity strength training with blood flow restriction, compared with high intensity and low intensity strength training without blood flow restriction, on the levels of nitric oxide products and antioxidant enzyme activity in healthy young men. Methods: Eleven young men performed three strength exercise sessions: low intensity with blood flow restriction (LIBFR), high intensity (HI), and low intensity (LI). Activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was assessed and metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx) were assayed before and after each session. Results: There were no changes to NOx plasma levels under the different exercise conditions (p > 0.05). However, SOD activity exhibited a significant reduction after the LIBFR condition (p < 0.05), while CAT activity reduced significantly after the LI condition (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that one session of low intensity strength training with blood flow restriction does not reduce bioavailability of nitric oxide or induce redox imbalance in healthy young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pinto Boeno
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.,Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, São Luiz Gonzaga, RS, Brasil
| | - Thiago Rozales Ramis
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.,Centro Universitario Metodista - IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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17
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Bunsawat K, Ranadive SM, Lane-Cordova AD, Yan H, Kappus RM, Fernhall B, Baynard T. The effect of acute maximal exercise on postexercise hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness in obese and normal-weight individuals. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/7/e13226. [PMID: 28364031 PMCID: PMC5392516 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Central arterial stiffness is associated with incident hypertension and negative cardiovascular outcomes. Obese individuals have higher central blood pressure (BP) and central arterial stiffness than their normal‐weight counterparts, but it is unclear whether obesity also affects hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness after maximal exercise. We evaluated central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness during recovery from acute maximal aerobic exercise in obese and normal‐weight individuals. Forty‐six normal‐weight and twenty‐one obese individuals underwent measurements of central BP and central arterial stiffness at rest and 15 and 30 min following acute maximal exercise. Central BP and normalized augmentation index (AIx@75) were derived from radial artery applanation tonometry, and central arterial stiffness was obtained via carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cPWV) and corrected for central mean arterial pressure (cPWV/cMAP). Central arterial stiffness increased in obese individuals but decreased in normal‐weight individuals following acute maximal exercise, after adjusting for fitness. Obese individuals also exhibited an overall higher central BP (P < 0.05), with no exercise effect. The increase in heart rate was greater in obese versus normal‐weight individuals following exercise (P < 0.05), but there was no group differences or exercise effect for AIx@75. In conclusion, obese (but not normal‐weight) individuals increased central arterial stiffness following acute maximal exercise. An assessment of arterial stiffness response to acute exercise may serve a useful detection tool for subclinical vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Bunsawat
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Abbi D Lane-Cordova
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Huimin Yan
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca M Kappus
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina
| | - Bo Fernhall
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tracy Baynard
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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