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Radzki RP, Bieńko M, Wolski D, Polak P. The programming effect of parenteral obesity on the structural and mechanical properties of femora in female rats fed a varied calorie diet during puberty. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 106:1149-1161. [PMID: 35312129 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to ascertain whether continuation or change in the offspring of the diet consumed by the parents modulates, in later life, the previously programmed bone metabolism. We used adult Wistar rats (16 males; 32 females), divided into groups that were fed either a standard (diet S) or a high-energy (diet F). After 90 days of obesity induction, the rats were submitted to obtain female offspring from parents S and F. The offspring stayed with their mothers until 21 days of age (weaning day). Our previous studies have proved the programming effects of parental obesity on the skeletal system of their offspring at the age of 21 days. Weaned female offspring were divided into groups: S/S-parents and offspring fed the S diet; S/F-parents fed the S diet and offspring fed the F diet; F/S-parents fed the diet F and offspring with the diet S; F/F-parents and offspring fed the F diet (F/F). After sacrifice, isolated femurs were assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography and by a three-point bending test. The bones were examined at 49 and 90 days of life. We found that nutritional programming has a significant influence on the development and metabolism of the skeletal system in females during growth and maturity. Moreover, the modification of nutrition alters the metabolism of bone tissue, and the osteotropic effects vary depending on the nature of the change, as well as the stage of development. Reducing the caloric content of the diet inhibits the mineralization and decreases the mechanical strength of the bones while increasing the caloric content of the diet has a beneficial osteotropic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław P Radzki
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Bieńko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wolski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Polak
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Center of Oncology of the Lublin Region St. Jana z Dukli, Lublin, Poland
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Lilliu E, Hilber K, Launikonis BS, Koenig X. Phasic Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry During Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscle Fibers From Exercised Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:597647. [PMID: 33262706 PMCID: PMC7688469 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.597647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays a pivotal role in skeletal muscle physiology as, when impaired, the muscle is prone to early fatigue and the development of different myopathies. A chronic mode of slow SOCE activation is carried by stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and calcium-release activated channel 1 (ORAI1) proteins. A phasic mode of fast SOCE (pSOCE) occurs upon single muscle twitches in synchrony with excitation-contraction coupling, presumably activated by a local and transient depletion at the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-stores. Both SOCE mechanisms are poorly understood. In particular, pSOCE has not been described in detail because the conditions required for its detection in mouse skeletal muscle have not been established to date. Here we report the first measurements of pSOCE in mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle fibers using electrical field stimulation (EFS) in a skinned fiber preparation. We show moderate voluntary wheel running to be a prerequisite to render muscle fibers reasonably susceptible for EFS, and thereby define an experimental paradigm to measure pSOCE in mouse muscle. Continuous monitoring of the physical activity of mice housed in cages equipped with running wheels revealed an optimal training period of 5-6 days, whereby best responsiveness to EFS negatively correlated with running distance and speed. A comparison of pSOCE kinetic data in mouse with those previously derived from rat muscle demonstrated very similar properties and suggests the existence and similar function of pSOCE across mammalian species. The new technique presented herein enables future experiments with genetically modified mouse models to define the molecular entities, presumably STIM1 and ORAI1, and the physiological role of pSOCE in health and under conditions of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lilliu
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karlheinz Hilber
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bradley S. Launikonis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Lamb GD, Stephenson DG. Measurement of force and calcium release using mechanically skinned fibers from mammalian skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1105-1127. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00445.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanically skinned (or “peeled”) skeletal muscle fiber technique is a highly versatile procedure that allows controlled examination of each of the steps in the excitation-contraction (EC)-coupling sequence in skeletal muscle fibers, starting with excitation/depolarization of the transverse tubular (T)-system through to Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and finally force development by the contractile apparatus. It can also show the overall response of the whole EC-coupling sequence together, such as in twitch and tetanic force responses. A major advantage over intact muscle fiber preparations is that it is possible to set and rapidly manipulate the “intracellular” conditions, allowing examination of the effects of key variables (e.g., intracellular pH, ATP levels, redox state, etc.) on each individual step in EC coupling. This Cores of Reproducibility in Physiology (CORP) article describes the rationale, procedures, and experimental details of the various ways in which the mechanically skinned fiber technique is used in our laboratory to examine the physiological mechanisms controlling Ca2+ release and contraction in skeletal muscle fibers and the aberrations and dysfunction occurring with exercise and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham D. Lamb
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. George Stephenson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Xu H, Lamb GD, Murphy RM. Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2017; 38:405-420. [PMID: 29185184 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-017-9484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory rats are considered mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring. Changes in muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics during development from 3 months, however, are not well understood. Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months). Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively). Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months). Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed. GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle. Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear. There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL. These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Graham D Lamb
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Robyn M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Lawlor MW, Armstrong D, Viola MG, Widrick JJ, Meng H, Grange RW, Childers MK, Hsu CP, O'Callaghan M, Pierson CR, Buj-Bello A, Beggs AH. Enzyme replacement therapy rescues weakness and improves muscle pathology in mice with X-linked myotubular myopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:1525-38. [PMID: 23307925 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
No effective treatment exists for patients with X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), a fatal congenital muscle disease caused by deficiency of the lipid phosphatase, myotubularin. The Mtm1δ4 and Mtm1 p.R69C mice model severely and moderately symptomatic XLMTM, respectively, due to differences in the degree of myotubularin deficiency. Contractile function of intact extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles from Mtm1δ4 mice, which produce no myotubularin, is markedly impaired. Contractile forces generated by chemically skinned single fiber preparations from Mtm1δ4 muscle were largely preserved, indicating that weakness was largely due to impaired excitation contraction coupling. Mtm1 p.R69C mice, which produce small amounts of myotubularin, showed impaired contractile function only in EDL muscles. Short-term replacement of myotubularin with a prototypical targeted protein replacement agent (3E10Fv-MTM1) in Mtm1δ4 mice improved contractile function and muscle pathology. These promising findings suggest that even low levels of myotubularin protein replacement can improve the muscle weakness and reverse the pathology that characterizes XLMTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Lawlor
- Division of Genetics and Program in Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Brummer H, Zhang MY, Piddoubny M, Medler S. Hybrid Fibers Transform into Distinct Fiber Types in Maturing Mouse Muscles. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 198:227-36. [DOI: 10.1159/000355280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Schirwis E, Agbulut O, Vadrot N, Mouisel E, Hourdé C, Bonnieu A, Butler-Browne G, Amthor H, Ferry A. The beneficial effect of myostatin deficiency on maximal muscle force and power is attenuated with age. Exp Gerontol 2012. [PMID: 23201547 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The prolonged effect of myostatin deficiency on muscle performance in knockout mice has as yet been only poorly investigated. We have demonstrated that absolute maximal force is increased in 6-month old female and male knockout mice and 2-year old female knockout mice as compared to age- and sex-matched wildtype mice. Similarly, absolute maximal power is increased by myostatin deficiency in 6-month old female and male knockout mice but not in 2-year old female knockout mice. The increases we observed were greater in 6-month old female than in male knockout mice and can primarily result from muscle hypertrophy. In contrast, fatigue resistance was decreased in 6-month old knockout mice of both sexes as compared to age- and sex-matched wildtype mice. Moreover, in contrast to 2-year old female wildtype mice, aging in 2-year old knockout mice reduced absolute maximal force and power of both sexes as compared to their younger counterparts, although muscle weight did not change. These age-related decreases were lower in 2-year old female than in 2-year old male knockout mice. Together these results suggest that the beneficial effect of myostatin deficiency on absolute maximal force and power is greater in young (versus old) mice and female (versus male) mice. Most of these effects of myostatin deficiency are related neither to changes in the concentration of myofibrillar proteins nor to the slow to fast fiber type transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schirwis
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Sorbonne Universités, UMR S794, INSERM, U974, CNRS UMR7215, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
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