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Caragea VM, Méndez-Couz M, Manahan-Vaughan D. Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:609-637. [PMID: 37615757 PMCID: PMC10978667 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic (DA) system regulates both motor function, and learning and memory. The cerebellum supports motor control and the acquisition of procedural memories, including goal-directed behavior, and is subjected to DA control. Its fastigial nucleus (FN) controls and interprets body motion through space. The expression of dopamine receptors has been reported in the deep cerebellar nuclei of mice. However, the presence of dopamine D1-like (D1R) and D2-like (D2R) receptors in the rat FN has not yet been verified. In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task acquisition had occurred, D1R antagonism had no effect on successful reaching, although it significantly decreased reaching speed, task engagement, and promoted errors. Motor coordination and ambulation were, however, unaffected as neither D1R nor D2R antagonism altered rotarod latencies or distance and velocity in an open field. Taken together, these results not only reveal a novel role for the FN in goal-directed skilled reaching, but also show that D1R expressed in FN regulate this process by modulating motivation for action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta-Maria Caragea
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, MA 4/150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marta Méndez-Couz
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, MA 4/150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Manahan-Vaughan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, MA 4/150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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2
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Cummings KJ, Leiter JC, Trachtenberg FL, Okaty BW, Darnall RA, Haas EA, Harper RM, Nattie EE, Krous HF, Mena OJ, Richerson GB, Dymecki SM, Kinney HC, Haynes RL. Altered 5-HT2A/C receptor binding in the medulla oblongata in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): Part II. Age-associated alterations in serotonin receptor binding profiles within medullary nuclei supporting cardiorespiratory homeostasis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:144-160. [PMID: 38323418 PMCID: PMC10880067 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The failure of chemoreflexes, arousal, and/or autoresuscitation to asphyxia may underlie some sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases. In Part I, we showed that some SIDS infants had altered 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A/C receptor binding in medullary nuclei supporting chemoreflexes, arousal, and autoresuscitation. Here, using the same dataset, we tested the hypotheses that the prevalence of low 5-HT1A and/or 5-HT2A/C receptor binding (defined as levels below the 95% confidence interval of controls-a new approach), and the percentages of nuclei affected are greater in SIDS versus controls, and that the distribution of low binding varied with age of death. The prevalence and percentage of nuclei with low 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C binding in SIDS were twice that of controls. The percentage of nuclei with low 5-HT2A/C binding was greater in older SIDS infants. In >80% of older SIDS infants, low 5-HT2A/C binding characterized the hypoglossal nucleus, vagal dorsal nucleus, nucleus of solitary tract, and nuclei of the olivocerebellar subnetwork (important for blood pressure regulation). Together, our findings from SIDS infants and from animal models of serotonergic dysfunction suggest that some SIDS cases represent a serotonopathy. We present new hypotheses, yet to be tested, about how defects within serotonergic subnetworks may lead to SIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Cummings
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - James C Leiter
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | - Benjamin W Okaty
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert A Darnall
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Haas
- Department of Research, Rady’s Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ronald M Harper
- Department of Neurobiology and the Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eugene E Nattie
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Henry F Krous
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Othon J Mena
- San Diego County Medical Examiner Office, San Diego, California, USA
| | - George B Richerson
- Departments of Neurology and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Susan M Dymecki
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hannah C Kinney
- Department of Pathology, CJ Murphy Laboratory for SIDS Research, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robin L Haynes
- Department of Pathology, CJ Murphy Laboratory for SIDS Research, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Hirono M, Karube F, Yanagawa Y. Modulatory Effects of Monoamines and Perineuronal Nets on Output of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:661899. [PMID: 34194302 PMCID: PMC8236809 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.661899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically, the cerebellum has been thought to play a significant role in motor coordination. However, a growing body of evidence for novel neural connections between the cerebellum and various brain regions indicates that the cerebellum also contributes to other brain functions implicated in reward, language, and social behavior. Cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) make inhibitory GABAergic synapses with their target neurons: other PCs and Lugaro/globular cells via PC axon collaterals, and neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) via PC primary axons. PC-Lugaro/globular cell connections form a cerebellar cortical microcircuit, which is driven by serotonin and noradrenaline. PCs' primary outputs control not only firing but also synaptic plasticity of DCN neurons following the integration of excitatory and inhibitory inputs in the cerebellar cortex. Thus, strong PC-mediated inhibition is involved in cerebellar functions as a key regulator of cerebellar neural networks. In this review, we focus on physiological characteristics of GABAergic transmission from PCs. First, we introduce monoaminergic modulation of GABAergic transmission at synapses of PC-Lugaro/globular cell as well as PC-large glutamatergic DCN neuron, and a Lugaro/globular cell-incorporated microcircuit. Second, we review the physiological roles of perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are organized components of the extracellular matrix and enwrap the cell bodies and proximal processes, in GABA release from PCs to large glutamatergic DCN neurons and in cerebellar motor learning. Recent evidence suggests that alterations in PNN density in the DCN can regulate cerebellar functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritoshi Hirono
- Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Karube
- Lab of Histology and Cytology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Zhou P, Liao G, Zhong Q, Wen Q, Gao G, Zhang C. Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-2 in the Cerebellar Fastigial Nucleus is Involved in Acetylcholine-Mediated Blood Pressure Regulation in Rats. NEUROCHEM J+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Iovino L, Mutolo D, Cinelli E, Contini M, Pantaleo T, Bongianni F. Breathing stimulation mediated by 5-HT1A and 5-HT3 receptors within the preBötzinger complex of the adult rabbit. Brain Res 2019; 1704:26-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Reynoso-Moreno I, Najar-Guerrero I, Escareño N, Flores-Soto ME, Gertsch J, Viveros-Paredes JM. An Endocannabinoid Uptake Inhibitor from Black Pepper Exerts Pronounced Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9435-9442. [PMID: 28942644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Guineensine is a dietary N-isobutylamide widely present in black and long pepper (Piper nigrum and Piper longum) previously shown to inhibit cellular endocannabinoid uptake. Given the role of endocannabinoids in inflammation and pain reduction, here we evaluated guineensine in mouse models of acute and inflammatory pain and endotoxemia. Significant dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects (95.6 ± 3.1% inhibition of inflammatory pain at 2.5 mg/kg ip and 50.0 ± 15.9% inhibition of edema formation at 5 mg/kg ip) and acute analgesia (66.1 ± 28.1% inhibition at 5.0 mg/kg ip) were observed. Moreover, guineensine inhibited proinflammatory cytokine production in endotoxemia. Intriguingly, guineensine and LPS independently induced catalepsy, but in combination this effect was abolished. Both hypothermia and analgesia were blocked by the CB1 receptor inverse agonist rimonabant, but the pronounced hypolocomotion was CB1 receptor-independent. A subsequent screen of 45 CNS-related receptors, ion channels, and transporters revealed apparent interactions of guineensine with the dopamine transporter DAT, 5HT2A, and sigma receptors, uncovering its prospective polypharmacology. The described potent pharmacological effects of guineensine might relate to the reported anti-inflammatory effects of pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Reynoso-Moreno
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara , 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern , CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Israel Najar-Guerrero
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara , 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Noé Escareño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara , 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mario Eduardo Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara , 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Segura Social , 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern , CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juan Manuel Viveros-Paredes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara , 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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7
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Wang Y, Chen ZP, Zhuang QX, Zhang XY, Li HZ, Wang JJ, Zhu JN. Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Cerebellar Motor Control and Ataxia. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2661-2669.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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8
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Monoaminergic modulation of GABAergic transmission onto cerebellar globular cells. Neuropharmacology 2017; 118:79-89. [PMID: 28300552 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) project their axon collaterals to underneath of the PC layer and make GABAergic synaptic contacts with globular cells, a subgroup of Lugaro cells. GABAergic transmission derived from the PC axon collaterals is so powerful that it could inhibit globular cells and regulate their firing patterns. However, the physiological properties and implications of the GABAergic synapses on globular cells remain unknown. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from globular cells in the mouse cerebellum, we examined the monoaminergic modulation of GABAergic inputs to these cells. Application of either serotonin (5-HT) or noradrenaline (NA) excited globular cells, thereby leading to their firing. The 5-HT- and NA-induced firing was temporally confined and attenuated by GABAergic transmission, although 5-HT and NA exerted an inhibitory effect on the release of GABA from presynaptic terminals of PC axon collaterals. Agonists for 5-HT1B receptors and α2-adrenoceptors mimicked the 5-HT- and NA-induced suppression of GABAergic activity. Through their differential modulatory actions on the cerebellar inhibitory neural circuits, 5-HT facilitated PC firing, whereas NA suppressed it. These results indicate that 5-HT and NA regulate the membrane excitability of globular cells and PCs through their differential modulation of not only the membrane potential but also GABAergic synaptic circuits. Monoaminergic modulation of the neural connections between globular cells and PCs could play a role in cerebellar motor coordination.
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9
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Li B, Zhang XY, Yang AH, Peng XC, Chen ZP, Zhou JY, Chan YS, Wang JJ, Zhu JN. Histamine Increases Neuronal Excitability and Sensitivity of the Lateral Vestibular Nucleus and Promotes Motor Behaviors via HCN Channel Coupled to H2 Receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 10:300. [PMID: 28119568 PMCID: PMC5222857 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine and histamine receptors in the central nervous system actively participate in the modulation of motor control. In clinic, histamine-related agents have traditionally been used to treat vestibular disorders. Immunohistochemical studies have revealed a distribution of histaminergic afferents in the brainstem vestibular nuclei, including the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN), which is critical for adjustment of muscle tone and vestibular reflexes. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of histamine on LVN neurons and the role of histamine and histaminergic afferents in the LVN in motor control are still largely unknown. Here, we show that histamine, in cellular and molecular levels, elicits the LVN neurons of rats an excitatory response, which is co-mediated by the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels and K+ channels linked to H2 receptors. Blockage of HCN channels coupled to H2 receptors decreases LVN neuronal sensitivity and changes their dynamic properties. Furthermore, in behavioral level, microinjection of histamine into bilateral LVNs significantly promotes motor performances of rats on both accelerating rota-rod and balance beam. This promotion is mimicked by selective H2 receptor agonist dimaprit, and blocked by selective H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine. More importantly, blockage of HCN channels to suppress endogenous histaminergic inputs in the LVN considerably attenuates motor balance and coordination, indicating a promotion role of hypothalamo-vestibular histaminergic circuit in motor control. All these results demonstrate that histamine H2 receptors and their coupled HCN channels mediate the histamine-induced increase in excitability and sensitivity of LVN neurons and contribute to the histaminergic improvement of the LVN-related motor behaviors. The findings suggest that histamine and the histaminergic afferents may directly modulate LVN neurons and play a critical role in the central vestibular-mediated motor reflexes and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
| | - Ai-Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China; Department of Medicine, Huaibei Vocational and Technical CollegeHuaibei, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
| | - Zhang-Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
| | - Ying-Shing Chan
- Department of Physiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing, China
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Zhang C, Zhou P, Yuan T. The cholinergic system in the cerebellum: from structure to function. Rev Neurosci 2016; 27:769-776. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe cerebellar cholinergic system belongs to the third type of afferent nerve fiber system (after the climbing and mossy fibers), and has important modulatory effects on cerebellar circuits and cerebellar-mediated functions. In this report, we review the cerebellar cholinergic system, including cholinergic origins and innervations, acetylcholine receptor expression and distributions, cholinergic modulations of neuronal firing and synaptic plasticity, the cholinergic role in cerebellar-mediated integral functions, and cholinergic changes during development and aging. Because some motor and mental disorders, such as cerebellar ataxia and autism, are accompanied with cerebellar cholinergic disorders, we also discuss the correlations between cerebellar cholinergic dysfunctions and these disorders. The cerebellar cholinergic input plays an important role in the modulation of cerebellar functions; therefore, cholinergic abnormalities could induce physiological dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Zhang
- 1School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210097, China
- 2School of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, Anhui 246133, China
| | - Peiling Zhou
- 3School of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Tifei Yuan
- 1School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210097, China
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Zhang XY, Wang JJ, Zhu JN. Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to physiological functions. CEREBELLUM & ATAXIAS 2016; 3:9. [PMID: 27144010 PMCID: PMC4853849 DOI: 10.1186/s40673-016-0047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fastigial nucleus (FN) is the phylogenetically oldest nucleus in the cerebellum, a classical subcortical motor coordinator. As one of the ultimate integration stations and outputs of the spinocerebellum, the FN holds a key position in the axial, proximal and ocular motor control by projecting to the medial descending systems and eye movement related nuclei. Furthermore, through topographic connections with extensive nonmotor systems, including visceral related nuclei in the brainstem, hypothalamus, as well as the limbic system, FN has also been implicated in regulation of various nonsomatic functions, such as feeding, cardiovascular and respiratory, defecation and micturition, immune, as well as emotional activities. In clinic, FN lesion or dysfunction results in motor deficits including spinocerebellar ataxias, and nonmotor symptoms. In this review, we summarize the cytoarchitecture, anatomic afferent and efferent connections, as well as the motor and nonmotor functions of the FN and the related diseases and disorders. We suggest that by bridging the motor and nonmotor systems, the cerebellar FN may help to integrate somatic motor and nonsomatic functions and consequently contribute to generate a coordinated response to internal and external environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Jing-Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023 China
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12
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Peng SY, Zhuang QX, Zhang YX, Zhang XY, Wang JJ, Zhu JN. Excitatory effect of norepinephrine on neurons in the inferior vestibular nucleus and the underlying receptor mechanism. J Neurosci Res 2016; 94:736-48. [PMID: 27121461 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The central noradrenergic system, originating mainly from the locus coeruleus in the brainstem, plays an important role in many physiological functions, including arousal and attention, learning and memory, anxiety, and nociception. However, little is known about the roles of norepinephrine (NE) in somatic motor control. Therefore, using extracellular recordings on rat brainstem slices and quantitative real-time RT-PCR, we investigate the effect and mechanisms of NE on neuronal activity in the inferior vestibular nucleus (IVN), the largest nucleus in the vestibular nuclear complex, which holds an important position in integration of information signals controlling body posture. Here, we report that NE elicits an excitatory response on IVN neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. Activation of α1 - and β2 -adrenergic receptors (ARs) induces an increase in firing rate of IVN neurons, whereas activation of α2 -ARs evokes a decrease in firing rate of IVN neurons. Therefore, the excitation induced by NE on IVN neurons is a summation of the excitatory components mediated by coactivation of α1 - and β2 -ARs and the inhibitory component induced by α2 -ARs. Accordingly, α1 -, α2 -, and β2 -AR mRNAs are expressed in the IVN. Although β1 -AR mRNAs are also detected, they are not involved in the direct electrophysiological effect of NE on IVN neurons. All these results demonstrate that NE directly regulates the activity of IVN neurons via α1 -, α2 -, and β2 -ARs and suggest that the central noradrenergic system may actively participate in IVN-mediated vestibular reflexes and postural control. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian-Xing Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Vaziri Z, Abbassian H, Sheibani V, Haghani M, Nazeri M, Aghaei I, Shabani M. The therapeutic potential of Berberine chloride hydrate against harmaline-induced motor impairments in a rat model of tremor. Neurosci Lett 2015; 590:84-90. [PMID: 25643620 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is a progressive neurological disorder with motor and non-motor symptoms. It has conclusively been shown that modulation of glutamate receptors could ameliorate ET. Recent studies have suggested that Berberine (BBR) has an inhibitory effect on glutamate receptors. Therefore, BBR may have therapeutic effects on ET. In this study, male Wistar rats (n=10 in each group) weighing 40-60 g were divided into control, harmaline (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and berberine (10, 20 or 50mg/kg, i.p, 15 min before harmaline injection) groups. Open field, rotarod, wire grip and foot print tests were used to evaluate motor performance. The results indicated that the administration of BBR (10 and 20mg/kg) attenuated harmaline-induced tremor in rats, but the beneficial effects of BBR could not be identified at dose 50mg/kg. In addition, BBR ameliorated gait disturbance in doses of 10 and 20mg/kg. The high dose of BBR not only failed to recover step width but also showed an adverse effect on left and right step length. The results indicate that BBR only in dose of 20mg/kg recovers mobility duration. The current study found a dose-dependent manner for the therapeutic effects of BBR in ET. Our study provides the initial evidence for the effects of BBR on motor function. Since BBR exerts its effects mainly through regulation of neurotransmitter release or blocke of NMDA receptors, thus, it is predicted that BBR ameliorate harmaline effect through blockade of NMDA receptors or glutamate release. This is an important issue for future research to evaluate the possible mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Vaziri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbassian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Haghani
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Nazeri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Aghaei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Zhang J, Zhuang QX, Li B, Wu GY, Yung WH, Zhu JN, Wang JJ. Selective Modulation of Histaminergic Inputs on Projection Neurons of Cerebellum Rapidly Promotes Motor Coordination via HCN Channels. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:1386-1401. [PMID: 25633097 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Insights into function of central histaminergic system, a general modulator originating from the hypothalamus for whole brain activity, in motor control are critical for understanding the mechanism underlying somatic-nonsomatic integration. Here, we show a novel selective role of histamine in the cerebellar nuclei, the final integrative center and output of the cerebellum. Histamine depolarizes projection neurons but not interneurons in the cerebellar nuclei via the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels coupled to histamine H2 receptors, which are exclusively expressed on glutamatergic and glycinergic projection neurons. Furthermore, blockage of HCN channels to block endogenous histaminergic afferent inputs in the cerebellar nuclei significantly attenuates motor balance and coordination. Therefore, through directly and quickly modulation on projection neurons but not interneurons in the cerebellar nuclei, central histaminergic system may act as a critical biasing force to not only promptly regulate ongoing movement but also realize a rapid integration of somatic and nonsomatic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qian-Xing Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guan-Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wing-Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing-Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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15
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Yu L, Zhang XY, Chen ZP, Zhuang QX, Zhu JN, Wang JJ. Orexin excites rat inferior vestibular nuclear neurons via co-activation of OX1 and OX 2 receptors. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 122:747-55. [PMID: 25371350 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Orexin deficiency results in cataplexy, a motor deficit characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone, strongly indicating an active role of central orexinergic system in motor control. However, effects of orexin on neurons in central motor structures are still largely unknown. Our previous studies have revealed that orexin excites neurons in the cerebellar nuclei and lateral vestibular nucleus, two important subcortical motor centers for control of muscle tone. Here, we report that both orexin-A and orexin-B depolarizes and increases the firing rate of neurons in the inferior vestibular nucleus (IVN), the largest nucleus in the vestibular nuclear complex and holding an important position in integration of information signals in the control of body posture. TTX does not block orexin-induced excitation on IVN neurons, suggesting a direct postsynaptic action of the neuropeptide. Furthermore, bath application of orexin induces an inward current on IVN neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. SB334867 and TCS-OX2-29, specific OX1 and OX2 receptor antagonists, blocked the excitatory effect of orexin, and [Ala(11), D-Leu(15)]-orexin B, a selective OX2 receptor agonist, mimics the orexin-induced inward current on IVN neurons. qPCR and immunofluorescence results show that both OX1 and OX2 receptor mRNAs and proteins are expressed and localized in the rat IVN. These results demonstrate that orexin excites the IVN neurons by co-activation of both OX1 and OX2 receptors, suggesting that via the direct modulation on the IVN, the central orexinergic system may actively participate in the central vestibular-mediated postural and motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Mailbox 426, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
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