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Zheng W, Han L, He ZJ, Kang JC. Novel drimane-type sesquiterpenoids and nucleosides from the Helicoma septoconstrictum suppress the growth of ovarian cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107214. [PMID: 38417190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Four new drimane-type sesquiterpenoids and two new nucleoside derivatives (1-6), were isolated from the fungus Helicoma septoconstrictum. Their structures were determined based on the combination of the analysis of their HR-ESI-MS, NMR, ECD calculations data and acid hydrolysis. All the isolated compounds were detected for their bio-activities against MDA-MB-231, A549/DDP, A2780 and HepG2 cell lines. Helicoside C (4) exhibited superior cytotoxicity against the A2780 cell line with IC50 7.5 ± 1.5 µM. The analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed that Helicoside C induced an increase in intracellular ROS. Furthermore, the flow cytometry and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) analyses unveiled that Helicoside C mediated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in A2780 cells. The western blotting test showed that Helicoside C could suppress the STAT3's phosphorylation. These findings offered crucial support for development of H. septoconstrictum and highlighted the potential application of drimane-type sesquiterpenoids in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of the Utilization for Characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Long Han
- Engineering Research Center of the Utilization for Characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhang-Jiang He
- Engineering Research Center of the Utilization for Characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ji-Chuan Kang
- Engineering Research Center of the Utilization for Characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Drenichev MS, Bennett M, Novikov RA, Mansfield J, Smirnoff N, Grant M, Mikhailov SN. A role for 3'-O-β-D-ribofuranosyladenosine in altering plant immunity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 157:128-134. [PMID: 30399495 PMCID: PMC6290457 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of how, and the extent to which, phytopathogens reconfigure host metabolic pathways to enhance virulence is remarkably limited. Here we investigate the dynamics of the natural disaccharide nucleoside, 3'-O-β-D-ribofuranosyladenosine, in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana infected with virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000. 3'-O-β-D-ribofuranosyladenosine is a plant derived molecule that rapidly accumulates following delivery of P. syringae type III effectors to represent a major component of the infected leaf metabolome. We report the first synthesis of 3'-O-β-D-ribofuranosyladenosine using a method involving the condensation of a small excess of 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-three-O-benzoyl-β-ribofuranose activated with tin tetrachloride with 2',5'-di-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyladenosine in 1,2-dichloroethane with further removal of silyl and benzoyl protecting groups. Interestingly, application of synthetic 3'-O-β-D-ribofuranosyladenosine did not affect either bacterial multiplication or infection dynamics suggesting a major reconfiguration of metabolism during pathogenesis and a heavy metabolic burden on the infected plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail S Drenichev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mark Bennett
- Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Roman A Novikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - John Mansfield
- Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Smirnoff
- School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Murray Grant
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Sergey N Mikhailov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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Rico A, McCraw SL, Preston GM. The metabolic interface between Pseudomonas syringae and plant cells. Curr Opin Microbiol 2011; 14:31-8. [PMID: 21236723 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2010.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae causes economically important diseases of a wide variety of plant species and is used as a model organism to understand the molecular basis of plant disease. Much existing research into P. syringae-plant interactions has focused on the molecular basis of plant disease resistance and the role of secreted effector proteins in the suppression of plant defences. However, researchers have speculated that the diverse array of effectors, toxins and hormones produced by this pathogen also play an important role in manipulating plant metabolism to promote infection. Recent advances in metabolomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolic modelling offer new opportunities to address this question and generate a system-level understanding of metabolic interactions at the host-pathogen interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Rico
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3RB, Oxford, UK
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Ward JL, Forcat S, Beckmann M, Bennett M, Miller SJ, Baker JM, Hawkins ND, Vermeer CP, Lu C, Lin W, Truman WM, Beale MH, Draper J, Mansfield JW, Grant M. The metabolic transition during disease following infection of Arabidopsis thaliana by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 63:443-57. [PMID: 20497374 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04254.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of bacterial infection in plants is determined by the ability of the pathogen to successfully occupy the apoplastic space and deliver a constellation of effectors that collectively suppress basal and effector-triggered immune responses. In this study, we examined the metabolic changes associated with establishment of disease using analytical techniques that interrogated a range of chemistries. We demonstrated clear differences in the metabolome of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves infected with virulent Pseudomonas syringae within 8 h of infection. In addition to confirmation of changes in phenolic and indolic compounds, we identified rapid alterations in the abundance of amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds, specific classes of glucosinolates, disaccharides, and molecules that influence the prevalence of reactive oxygen species. Our data illustrate that, superimposed on defence suppression, pathogens reconfigure host metabolism to provide the sustenance required to support exponentially growing populations of apoplastically localized bacteria. We performed a detailed baseline study reporting the metabolic dynamics associated with bacterial infection. Moreover, we have integrated these data with the results of transcriptome profiling to distinguish metabolomic pathways that are transcriptionally activated from those that are post-transcriptionally regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Ward
- National Centre for Plant and Microbial Metabolomics, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UKDivision of Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UKInstitute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UKSchool of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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Simon C, Langlois-Meurinne M, Bellvert F, Garmier M, Didierlaurent L, Massoud K, Chaouch S, Marie A, Bodo B, Kauffmann S, Noctor G, Saindrenan P. The differential spatial distribution of secondary metabolites in Arabidopsis leaves reacting hypersensitively to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato is dependent on the oxidative burst. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:3355-70. [PMID: 20530195 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (SMs) play key roles in pathogen responses, although knowledge of their precise functions is limited by insufficient characterization of their spatial response. The present study addressed this issue in Arabidopsis leaves by non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst-AvrRpm1) infected and adjacent uninfected leaf tissues. While overlap was observed between infected and uninfected areas, the non-targeted metabolite profiles of these regions differed quantitatively and clustering analysis underscores a differential distribution of SMs within distinct metabolic pathways. Targeted metabolite profiling revealed that infected tissues accumulate more salicylic acid and the characteristic phytoalexin of Arabidopsis, camalexin, than uninfected adjacent areas. On the contrary, the antioxidant coumarin derivative, scopoletin, was induced in infected tissues while its glucoside scopolin predominated in adjacent tissues. To elucidate the still unclear relationship between the accumulation of SMs and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and signalling, a catalase-deficient line (cat2) in which ROS signalling is up-regulated, was used. Metabolic analysis of cat2 suggests that some SMs have important interactions with ROS in redox homeostasis during the hypersensitive response to Pst-AvrRpm1. Overall, the study demonstrates that ROS availability influences both the amount and the pattern of infection-induced SM accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Simon
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud 11, UMR 8618, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Bellés JM, Garro R, Pallás V, Fayos J, Rodrigo I, Conejero V. Accumulation of gentisic acid as associated with systemic infections but not with the hypersensitive response in plant-pathogen interactions. PLANTA 2006; 223:500-11. [PMID: 16331468 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-005-0109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we have studied the accumulation of gentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, a metabolic derivative of salicylic acid, SA) in the plant-pathogen systems, Cucumis sativus and Gynura aurantiaca, infected with either prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) or the exocortis viroid (CEVd), respectively. Both pathogens produced systemic infections and accumulated large amounts of the intermediary signal molecule gentisic acid as ascertained by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) coupled on line with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The compound was found mostly in a conjugated (beta-glucoside) form. Gentisic acid has also been found to accumulate (although at lower levels) in cucumber inoculated with low doses of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, producing a nonnecrotic reaction. In contrast, when cucumber was inoculated with high doses of this pathogen, a hypersensitive reaction occurred, but no gentisic-acid signal was induced. This is consistent with our results supporting the idea that gentisic-acid signaling may be restricted to nonnecrotizing reactions of the host plant (Bellés et al. in Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 12:227-235, 1999). In cucumber and Gynura plants, the activity of gentisic acid as inducing signal was different to that of SA, thus confirming the data found for tomato. Exogenously supplied gentisic acid was able to induce peroxidase activity in both Gynura and cucumber plants in a similar way as SA or pathogens. However, gentisic-acid treatments strongly induced polyphenol oxidase activity in cucumber, whereas pathogen infection or SA treatment resulted in a lower induction of this enzyme. Nevertheless, gentisic acid did not induce other defensive proteins which are induced by SA in these plants. This indicates that gentisic acid could act as an additional signal to SA for the activation of plant defenses in cucumber and Gynura plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Bellés
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Fayos J, Bellés JM, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Conejero V. Induction of gentisic acid 5-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside in tomato and cucumber plants infected by different pathogens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:142-8. [PMID: 16321412 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Revised: 10/11/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tomato plants infected with the citrus exocortis viroid exhibited strongly elevated levels of a compound identified as 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (gentisic acid, GA) 5-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside. The compound accumulated early in leaves expressing mild symptoms from both citrus exocortis viroid-infected tomato, and prunus necrotic ringspot virus-infected cucumber plants, and progressively accumulated concomitant with symptom development. The work presented here demonstrates that GA, mainly associated with systemic infections in compatible plant-pathogen interactions [Bellés, J.M., Garro, R., Fayos, J., Navarro, P., Primo, J., Conejero, V., 1999. Gentisic acid as a pathogen-inducible signal, additional to salicylic acid for activation of plant defenses in tomato. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 12, 227-235], is conjugated to xylose. Notably, this result contrasts with those previously found in other plant-pathogen interactions in which phenolics analogues of GA as benzoic or salicylic acids, are conjugated to glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Fayos
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Bednarek P, Schneider B, Svatos A, Oldham NJ, Hahlbrock K. Structural complexity, differential response to infection, and tissue specificity of indolic and phenylpropanoid secondary metabolism in Arabidopsis roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 138:1058-70. [PMID: 15923335 PMCID: PMC1150420 DOI: 10.1104/pp.104.057794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Levels of indolic and phenylpropanoid secondary metabolites in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves undergo rapid and drastic changes during pathogen defense, yet little is known about this process in roots. Using Arabidopsis wild-type and mutant root cultures as an experimental system, and the root-pathogenic oomycete, Pythium sylvaticum, for infections, we analyzed the aromatic metabolite profiles in soluble extracts from uninfected and infected roots, as well as from the surrounding medium. A total of 16 indolic, one heterocyclic, and three phenylpropanoid compounds were structurally identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. Most of the indolics increased strongly upon infection, whereas the three phenylpropanoids decreased. Concomitant increases in both indolic and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic mRNAs suggested that phenylpropanoids other than those examined here in "soluble extracts" were coinduced with the indolics. These and previous results indicate that roots differ greatly from leaves with regard to the nature and relative abundance of all major soluble phenylpropanoid constituents. For indolics, by contrast, our data reveal far-reaching similarities between roots and leaves and, beyond this comparative aspect, provide an insight into this highly diversified yet under-explored metabolic realm. The data point to metabolic interconnections among the compounds identified and suggest a partial revision of the previously proposed camalexin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Bednarek
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829 Cologne, Germany.
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