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Kaur G, Jain S, Bhushan S, Das N, Sharma M, Sharma D. Role of microRNAs and their putative mechanism in regulating potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) life cycle and response to various environmental stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108334. [PMID: 38219424 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The exponentially increasing population and the demand for food is inextricably linked. This has shifted global attention to improving crop plant traits to meet global food demands. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major non-grain food crop that is grown all over the world. Currently, some of the major global potato research work focuses on the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in potato. miRNAs are a type of non-coding RNAs that regulate the gene expression of their target mRNA genes by cleavage and/or their translational inhibition. This suggests an essential role of miRNAs in a multitude of plant biological processes, including maintenance of genome integrity, plant growth, development and maturation, and initiation of responses to various stress conditions. Therefore, engineering miRNAs to generate stress-resistant varieties of potato may result in high yield and improved nutritional qualities. In this review, we discuss the potato miRNAs specifically known to play an essential role in the various stages of the potato life cycle, conferring stress-resistant characteristics, and modifying gene expression. This review highlights the significance of the miRNA machinery in plants, especially potato, encouraging further research into engineering miRNAs to boost crop yields and tolerance towards stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Sahil Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sakshi Bhushan
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Munish Sharma
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur Parisar, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Muñiz García MN, Baroli I, Cortelezzi JI, Zubillaga M, Capiati DA. Genetic manipulation of protein phosphatase 2A affects multiple agronomic traits and physiological parameters in potato ( Solanum tuberosum). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:1117-1129. [PMID: 37899005 DOI: 10.1071/fp23163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, agronomic and functional characteristics of potato (Solanum tuberosum ) plants constitutively overexpressing the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunit StPP2Ac2b (StPP2Ac2b-OE) were evaluated. StPP2Ac2b-OE plants display reduced vegetative growth, tuber yield and tuber weight under well-watered and drought conditions. Leaves of StPP2Ac2b-OE plants show an increased rate of water loss, associated with an impaired ability to close stomata in response to abscisic acid. StPP2Ac2b-OE lines exhibit larger stomatal size and reduced stomatal density. These altered stomatal characteristics might be responsible for the impaired stomatal closure and the elevated transpiration rates, ultimately leading to increased sensitivity to water-deficit stress and greater yield loss under drought conditions. Overexpression of StPP2Ac2b accelerates senescence in response to water-deficit stress, which could also contribute to the increased sensitivity to drought. Actively photosynthesising leaves of StPP2Ac2b-OE plants exhibit elevated levels of carbohydrates and a down-regulation of the sucrose transporter StSWEET11 , suggesting a reduced sucrose export from leaves to developing tubers. This effect, combined with the hindered vegetative development, may contribute to the reduced tuber weight and yield in StPP2Ac2b-OE plants. These findings offer novel insights into the physiological functions of PP2A in potato plants and provide valuable information for enhancing potato productivity by modulating the expression of StPP2Ac2b .
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Affiliation(s)
- María N Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor N. Torres' (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irene Baroli
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental and Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Int. Güiraldes y Cantilo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Cortelezzi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor N. Torres' (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martina Zubillaga
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor N. Torres' (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela A Capiati
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor N. Torres' (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Muñiz García MN, Cortelezzi JI, Capiati DA. The protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit StPP2Ac2b is involved in the control of potato tuber sprouting and source-sink balance in tubers and sprouts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6784-6799. [PMID: 35925650 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sprouting negatively affects the quality of stored potato tubers. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that control this process is important for the development of potato varieties with desired sprouting characteristics. Serine/threonine protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) has been implicated in several developmental programs and stress responses in plants. PP2A comprises a catalytic (PP2Ac), a scaffolding (A), and a regulatory (B) subunit. In cultivated potato, six PP2Ac isoforms were identified, named StPP2Ac1, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, and 5. In this study we evaluated the sprouting behavior of potato tubers overexpressing the catalytic subunit 2b (StPP2Ac2b-OE). The onset of sprouting and initial sprout elongation is significantly delayed in StPP2Ac2b-OE tubers; however, sprout growth is accelerated during the late stages of development, due to a high degree of branching. StPP2Ac2b-OE tubers also exhibit a pronounced loss of apical dominance. These developmental characteristics are accompanied by changes in carbohydrate metabolism and response to gibberellic acid, and a differential balance between abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, cytokinins, and auxin. Overexpression of StPP2Ac2b alters the source-sink balance, increasing the source capacity of the tuber, and the sink strength of the sprout to support its accelerated growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- María N Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor Torres', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Cortelezzi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor Torres', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela A Capiati
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr. Héctor Torres', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Muñiz García MN, Grossi C, Ulloa RM, Capiati DA. The protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit StPP2Ac2b enhances susceptibility to Phytophthora infestans and senescence in potato. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275844. [PMID: 36215282 PMCID: PMC9550054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein phosphatases type 2A (PP2A) are involved in several physiological responses in plants, playing important roles in developmental programs, stress responses and hormone signaling. Six PP2A catalytic subunits (StPP2Ac) were identified in cultivated potato. Transgenic potato plants constitutively overexpressing the catalytic subunit StPP2Ac2b (StPP2Ac2b-OE) were developed to determine its physiological roles. The response of StPP2Ac2b-OE plants to the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, was evaluated. We found that overexpression of StPP2Ac2b enhances susceptibility to the pathogen. Further bioinformatics, biochemical, and molecular analyses revealed that StPP2Ac2b positively regulates developmental and pathogen-induced senescence, and that P. infestans infection promotes senescence, most likely through induction of StPP2Ac2b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María N. Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Grossi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rita M. Ulloa
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela A. Capiati
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail: ,
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Chen P, Yang R, Bartels D, Dong T, Duan H. Roles of Abscisic Acid and Gibberellins in Stem/Root Tuber Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094955. [PMID: 35563355 PMCID: PMC9102914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Root and tuber crops are of great importance. They not only contribute to feeding the population but also provide raw material for medicine and small-scale industries. The yield of the root and tuber crops is subject to the development of stem/root tubers, which involves the initiation, expansion, and maturation of storage organs. The formation of the storage organ is a highly intricate process, regulated by multiple phytohormones. Gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA), as antagonists, are essential regulators during stem/root tuber development. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the roles of GA and ABA during stem/root tuber development in various tuber crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilei Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (P.C.); (R.Y.); (T.D.)
| | - Ruixue Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (P.C.); (R.Y.); (T.D.)
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Tianyu Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (P.C.); (R.Y.); (T.D.)
| | - Hongying Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (P.C.); (R.Y.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhu X, Wang Y, Su Z, Lv L, Zhang Z. Silencing of the Wheat Protein Phosphatase 2A Catalytic Subunit TaPP2Ac Enhances Host Resistance to the Necrotrophic Pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1437. [PMID: 30429858 PMCID: PMC6220131 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic type 2A protein phosphatases (protein phosphatase 2A, PP2A) consist of a scaffold subunit A, a regulatory subunit B, and a catalytic subunit C. Little is known about the roles of PP2Ac proteins that are involved in plant responses to necrotrophic fungal pathogens. Sharp eyespot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis, is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum), an important staple food crop. Here, we isolated TaPP2Ac-4D from wheat, which encodes a catalytic subunit of the heterotrimeric PP2A, and characterized its properties and role in plant defense response to R. cerealis. Based on the sequence alignment of TaPP2Ac-4D with the draft sequences of wheat chromosomes from the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC), it was found that TaPP2Ac-4D gene is located on the long arm of the wheat chromosome 4D and has two homologs assigned on wheat chromosomes 4A and 4B. Sequence and phylogenetic tree analyses revealed that the TaPP2Ac protein is a typical member of the PP2Ac family and belongs to the subfamily II. TaPP2Ac-4B and TaPP2Ac-4D displayed higher transcriptional levels in the R. cerealis-susceptible wheat cultivar Wenmai 6 than those seen in the resistant wheat line CI12633. The transcriptional levels of TaPP2Ac-4B and TaPP2Ac-4D were significantly elevated in wheat R. cerealis after infection and upon H2O2 treatment. Virus-induced gene silencing results revealed that the transcriptional knockdown of TaPP2Ac-4D and TaPP2Ac-4B significantly increased wheat resistance to R. cerealis infection. Meanwhile, the transcriptional levels of certain pathogenesis-related (PR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme encoding genes were increased in TaPP2Ac-silenced wheat plants. These results suggest that TaPP2Ac-4B and TaPP2Ac-4D negatively regulate defense response to R. cerealis infection possibly through modulation of the expression of certain PR and ROS-scavenging enzyme genes in wheat. This study reveals a novel function of the plant PP2Ac genes in plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuliang Zhu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqi Su
- Institute for Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liangjie Lv
- Institute for Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zengyan Zhang,
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Stritzler M, Muñiz García MN, Schlesinger M, Cortelezzi JI, Capiati DA. The plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene family in Solanum tuberosum L. Role of PHA1 in tuberization. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4821-4837. [PMID: 28992210 PMCID: PMC5853856 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the characterization of the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPases in potato, focusing on their role in stolon and tuber development. Seven PM H+-ATPase genes were identified in the Solanum tuberosum genome, designated PHA1-PHA7. PHA genes show distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues and under different stress treatments. Application of PM H+-ATPase inhibitors arrests stolon growth, promotes tuber induction, and reduces tuber size, indicating that PM H+-ATPases are involved in tuberization, acting at different stages of the process. Transgenic potato plants overexpressing PHA1 were generated (PHA1-OE). At early developmental stages, PHA1-OE stolons elongate faster and show longer epidermal cells than wild-type stolons; this accelerated growth is accompanied by higher cell wall invertase activity, lower starch content, and higher expression of the sucrose-H+ symporter gene StSUT1. PHA1-OE stolons display an increased branching phenotype and develop larger tubers. PHA1-OE plants are taller and also present a highly branched phenotype. These results reveal a prominent role for PHA1 in plant growth and development. Regarding tuberization, PHA1 promotes stolon elongation at early stages, and tuber growth later on. PHA1 is involved in the sucrose-starch metabolism in stolons, possibly providing the driving force for sugar transporters to maintain the apoplastic sucrose transport during elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Stritzler
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology ‘Dr. Héctor Torres’ (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Noelia Muñiz García
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology ‘Dr. Héctor Torres’ (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Schlesinger
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology ‘Dr. Héctor Torres’ (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio Cortelezzi
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology ‘Dr. Héctor Torres’ (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Andrea Capiati
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology ‘Dr. Héctor Torres’ (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Biochemistry Department, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Correspondence: or
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Muñiz García MN, Muro MC, Mazzocchi LC, País SM, Stritzler M, Schlesinger M, Capiati DA. The protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit StPP2Ac2b acts as a positive regulator of tuberization induction in Solanum tuberosum L. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 93:227-245. [PMID: 27812910 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study provides the first genetic evidence for the role of PP2A in tuberization, demonstrating that the catalytic subunit StPP2Ac2b positively modulates tuber induction, and that its function is related to the regulation of gibberellic acid metabolism. The results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism controlling tuberization induction, which remains largely unknown. The serine/threonine protein phosphatases type 2A (PP2A) are implicated in several physiological processes in plants, playing important roles in hormone responses. In cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum), six PP2A catalytic subunits (StPP2Ac) were identified. The PP2Ac of the subfamily I (StPP2Ac1, 2a and 2b) were suggested to be involved in the tuberization signaling in leaves, where the environmental and hormonal signals are perceived and integrated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PP2A in the tuberization induction in stolons. We selected one of the catalytic subunits of the subfamily I, StPP2Ac2b, to develop transgenic plants overexpressing this gene (StPP2Ac2b-OE). Stolons from StPP2Ac2b-OE plants show higher tuber induction rates in vitro, as compared to wild type stolons, with no differences in the number of tubers obtained at the end of the process. This effect is accompanied by higher expression levels of the gibberellic acid (GA) catabolic enzyme StGA2ox1. GA up-regulates StPP2Ac2b expression in stolons, possibly as part of the feedback system by which the hormone regulates its own level. Sucrose, a tuber-promoting factor in vitro, increases StPP2Ac2b expression. We conclude that StPP2Ac2b acts in stolons as a positive regulator tuber induction, integrating different tuberization-related signals mainly though the modulation of GA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Noelia Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Catalina Muro
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Carla Mazzocchi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Marina País
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Margarita Stritzler
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Schlesinger
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Andrea Capiati
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Dutt S, Manjul AS, Raigond P, Singh B, Siddappa S, Bhardwaj V, Kawar PG, Patil VU, Kardile HB. Key players associated with tuberization in potato: potential candidates for genetic engineering. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 37:942-957. [PMID: 28095718 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1274876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a complex biological phenomenon which is affected by several environmental cues, genetic factors and plant nutrition. Understanding the regulation of tuber induction is essential to devise strategies to improve tuber yield and quality. It is well established that short-day photoperiods promote tuberization, whereas long days and high-temperatures inhibit or delay tuberization. Worldwide research on this complex biological process has yielded information on the important bio-molecules (proteins, RNAs, plant growth regulators) associated with the tuberization process in potato. Key proteins involved in the regulation of tuberization include StSP6A, POTH1, StBEL5, StPHYB, StCONSTANS, Sucrose transporter StSUT4, StSP5G, etc. Biomolecules that become transported from "source to sink" have also been suggested to be important signaling candidates regulating the tuberization process in potatos. Four molecules, namely StSP6A protein, StBEL5 RNA, miR172 and GAs, have been found to be the main candidates acting as mobile signals for tuberization. These biomolecules can be manipulated (overexpressed/inhibited) for improving the tuberization in commercial varieties/cultivars of potato. In this review, information about the genes/proteins and their mechanism of action associated with the tuberization process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Som Dutt
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Anshul Sharma Manjul
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Pinky Raigond
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Sundaresha Siddappa
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Vinay Bhardwaj
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - Prashant G Kawar
- a ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
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Muñiz García MN, Stritzler M, Capiati DA. Heterologous expression of Arabidopsis ABF4 gene in potato enhances tuberization through ABA-GA crosstalk regulation. PLANTA 2014; 239:615-31. [PMID: 24288009 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-2001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuberization is regulated by many signals, such as abscisic acid (ABA), sucrose and gibberellic acid (GA). ABA and sucrose are positive modulators, while GA is an inhibitor of the process. ABF (ABRE-binding factor) proteins are transcription factors involved in ABA and stress signaling. Previously, we reported that S. tuberosum StABF1 could mediate the ABA effects on tuberization. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential use of ABF genes to enhance tuberization and to determine the molecular mechanism involved. For this purpose, transgenic potato plants expressing the Arabidopsis ABF4 or ABF2 genes were generated, and their tuberization capacity and response to tuberization-related signals were analyzed in vitro. The results indicate that both ABF4 and ABF2 proteins positively regulate potato tuber induction; however, only ABF4 expression significantly increases the number and weight of the tubers obtained, without stunting growth. ABF4 and ABF2 transgenic plants exhibit ABA hypersensitivity during tuberization, accompanied by a GA-deficient phenotype. ABF4 expression triggers a significant rise in ABA levels in stolons under tuber-inducing conditions as compared with wild-type plants and a transcriptional deregulation of GA metabolism genes. Our results demonstrate that Arabidopsis ABF4 functions in potato ABA-GA signaling crosstalk during tuberization by regulating the expression of ABA- and GA-metabolism genes. ABF4 gene might be a potential tool to increase tuber production, since its heterologous expression in potato enhances tuber induction without affecting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Noelia Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2º piso, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lakhotia N, Joshi G, Bhardwaj AR, Katiyar-Agarwal S, Agarwal M, Jagannath A, Goel S, Kumar A. Identification and characterization of miRNAome in root, stem, leaf and tuber developmental stages of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by high-throughput sequencing. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:6. [PMID: 24397411 PMCID: PMC3913621 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ubiquitous components of endogenous plant transcriptome. miRNAs are small, single-stranded and ~21 nt long RNAs which regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are known to play essential roles in various aspects of plant development and growth. Previously, a number of miRNAs have been identified in potato through in silico analysis and deep sequencing approach. However, identification of miRNAs through deep sequencing approach was limited to a few tissue types and developmental stages. This study reports the identification and characterization of potato miRNAs in three different vegetative tissues and four stages of tuber development by high throughput sequencing. RESULTS Small RNA libraries were constructed from leaf, stem, root and four early developmental stages of tuberization and subjected to deep sequencing, followed by bioinformatics analysis. A total of 89 conserved miRNAs (belonging to 33 families), 147 potato-specific miRNAs (with star sequence) and 112 candidate potato-specific miRNAs (without star sequence) were identified. The digital expression profiling based on TPM (Transcripts Per Million) and qRT-PCR analysis of conserved and potato-specific miRNAs revealed that some of the miRNAs showed tissue specific expression (leaf, stem and root) while a few demonstrated tuberization stage-specific expressions. Targets were predicted for identified conserved and potato-specific miRNAs, and predicted targets of four conserved miRNAs, miR160, miR164, miR172 and miR171, which are ARF16 (Auxin Response Factor 16), NAM (NO APICAL MERISTEM), RAP1 (Relative to APETALA2 1) and HAM (HAIRY MERISTEM) respectively, were experimentally validated using 5' RLM-RACE (RNA ligase mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends). Gene ontology (GO) analysis for potato-specific miRNAs was also performed to predict their potential biological functions. CONCLUSIONS We report a comprehensive study of potato miRNAs at genome-wide level by high-throughput sequencing and demonstrate that these miRNAs have tissue and/or developmental stage-specific expression profile. Also, predicted targets of conserved miRNAs were experimentally confirmed for the first time in potato. Our findings indicate the existence of extensive and complex small RNA population in this crop and suggest their important role in pathways involved in diverse biological processes, including tuber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Lakhotia
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Gopal Joshi
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | | | - Surekha Katiyar-Agarwal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Manu Agarwal
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Arun Jagannath
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Shailendra Goel
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Amar Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Muñiz García MN, Giammaria V, Grandellis C, Téllez-Iñón MT, Ulloa RM, Capiati DA. Characterization of StABF1, a stress-responsive bZIP transcription factor from Solanum tuberosum L. that is phosphorylated by StCDPK2 in vitro. PLANTA 2012; 235:761-78. [PMID: 22042328 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1540-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ABF/AREB bZIP transcription factors mediate plant abiotic stress responses by regulating the expression of stress-related genes. These proteins bind to the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element (ABRE), which is the major cis-acting regulatory sequence in ABA-dependent gene expression. In an effort to understand the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress resistance in cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), we have cloned and characterized an ABF/AREB-like transcription factor from potato, named StABF1. The predicted protein shares 45-57% identity with A. thaliana ABFs proteins and 96% identity with the S. lycopersicum SlAREB1 and presents all of the distinctive features of ABF/AREB transcription factors. Furthermore, StABF1 is able to bind to the ABRE in vitro. StABF1 gene is induced in response to ABA, drought, salt stress and cold, suggesting that it might be a key regulator of ABA-dependent stress signaling pathways in cultivated potato. StABF1 is phosphorylated in response to ABA and salt stress in a calcium-dependent manner, and we have identified a potato CDPK isoform (StCDPK2) that phosphorylates StABF1 in vitro. Interestingly, StABF1 expression is increased during tuber development and by tuber-inducing conditions (high sucrose/nitrogen ratio) in leaves. We also found that StABF1 calcium-dependent phosphorylation is stimulated by tuber-inducing conditions and inhibited by gibberellic acid, which inhibits tuberization.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Noelia Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2º Piso, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Muñiz García MN, País SM, Téllez-Iñón MT, Capiati DA. Characterization of StPPI1, a proton pump interactor from Solanum tuberosum L. that is up-regulated during tuber development and by abiotic stress. PLANTA 2011; 233:661-74. [PMID: 21153662 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-010-1329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane proton pumps (PM H(+)-ATPases) are involved in several physiological processes, such as growth and development, and abiotic stress responses. The major regulators of the PM H(+)-ATPases are proteins of the 14-3-3 family, which stimulate its activity. In addition, a novel interaction partner of the AHA1 PM H(+)-ATPase, named PPI1 (proton pump interactor, isoform 1), was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. This protein stimulates the activity of the proton pump in vitro. In this work, we report the characterization of an A. thaliana PPI1 homolog in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) named StPPI1. The full-length coding sequence of StPPI1 was obtained. The open reading frame (ORF) encodes a protein of 629 amino acids showing 50% identity with A. thaliana PPI1 protein. The StPPI1 ORF is divided into seven exons split by six introns. Southern blot analysis suggests that StPPI1 belongs to a family of related genes. Recombinant StPPI1 stimulates H(+)-ATPase activity in vitro. Basal levels of StPPI1 transcripts are observed in all tissues, however, StPPI1 expression is higher in proliferative regions (shoot apex and flower buds), flowers and leaves than in shoots and roots. StPPI1 mRNA levels significantly increase during tuber development. StPPI1 is induced by salt stress and cold. Drought and mechanical wounding slightly increase StPPI1 transcript levels. In addition, the expression of SlPPI1, the tomato homolog of StPPI1, was determined under adverse environmental conditions in tomato plants. SlPPI1 mRNA levels are increased by drought and cold, but are unaffected by salt stress. Mechanical wounding slightly increases SlPPI1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Noelia Muñiz García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Vuelta de Obligado 2490 2º, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
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