1
|
Wang Y, Guan J, Zhang Q. Chromosome-scale genome, together with transcriptome and metabolome, provides insights into the evolution and anthocyanin biosynthesis of Rubus rosaefolius Sm. (Rosaceae). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae064. [PMID: 38689697 PMCID: PMC11060340 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Rubus rosaefolius is a kind of red raspberry possessing high nutritional and pharmaceutical value. Here we present a chromosome-level draft genome of R. rosaefolius. Of the total 131 assembled scaffolds, 70 with a total size of 219.02 Mb, accounting for 99.33% of the estimated genome size, were anchored to seven pseudochromosomes. We traced a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event shared among members of the Rosaceae family, from which were derived 5090 currently detectable duplicated gene pairs (dgps). Of the WGD-dgps 75.09% underwent purifying selection, and approximately three-quarters of informative WGD-dgps expressed their two paralogs with significant differences. We detected a wide variety of anthocyanins in the berries of R. rosaefolius, and their total concentration remained relatively stable during berry development but increased rapidly during the ripening stage, mainly because of the contributions of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside. We identified many structural genes that encode enzymes, such as RrDFR, RrF3H, RrANS, and RrBZ1, and play key roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. The expression of some of these genes significantly increased or decreased with the accumulation of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside. We also identified some transcription factors and specific methylase-encoding genes that may play a role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by targeting structural genes. In conclusion, our findings provide deeper insights into the genomic evolution and molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis in berries of R. rosaefolius. This knowledge may significantly contribute to the targeted domestication and breeding of Rubus species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Wang
- School of Health and Life Science, Kaili University, Kaili city, Guizhou Province 566011, China
| | - Jiyuan Guan
- Botanic Garden of Guizhou Province, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550081, China
| | - Qunying Zhang
- Botanic Garden of Guizhou Province, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550081, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu C, Xue X, Li Z, Chen M, Yang Y, Wang S, Shang M, Qiu L, Zhao X, Hu W. The PpMYB75-PpDFR module reveals the difference between 'SR' and its bud variant 'RMHC' in peach red flesh. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:241-254. [PMID: 38194204 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
'Red Meat Honey Crisp (RMHC)' has been widely cultivated by growers in recent years due to its early maturity, and red meat type characteristics. As a bud variant of 'Super Red (SR)' peach, red flesh is the most distinctive characteristic of 'Red Meat Honey Crisp (RMHC)'. However, the mechanism of red flesh formation in 'RMHC' remains unclear. In this study, 79 differentially produced metabolites were identified by metabolomics analysis. The anthocyanin content in 'RMHC' was significantly higher than that in 'SR' during the same period, such as cyanidin O-syringic acid and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Other flavonoids also increased during the formation of red flesh, including flavonols (6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside, hyperin), flavanols (protocatechuic acid, (+)-gallocatechin), and flavonoids (chrysoeriol 5-O-hexoside, tricetin). In addition, transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of the flavonoid synthesis pathway transcription factor MYB75 and some structural genes, such as PpDFR, PpCHS, PpC4H, and PpLDOX increased significantly in 'RMHC'. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that MYB75 was localized to the nucleus. Yeast single hybridization assays showed that MYB75 bound to the cis-acting element CCGTTG of the PpDFR promoter region. The MYB75-PpDFR regulatory network was identified to be a key pathway in the reddening of 'RMHC' flesh. Moreover, this is the first study to describe the cause for red meat reddening in 'RMHC' compared to 'SR' peaches using transcriptomics, metabolomics and molecular methods. Our study identified a key transcription factor involved in the regulation of the flavonoid synthetic pathway and contributes to peach breeding-related efforts as well as the identification of genes involved in color formation in other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Xue
- Pomology Institute of Shandong Province, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Zhixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Mingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Yating Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Siyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Mingrui Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Lei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Xianyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China.
| | - Wenxiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de los Cobos FP, García-Gómez BE, Orduña-Rubio L, Batlle I, Arús P, Matus JT, Eduardo I. Exploring large-scale gene coexpression networks in peach ( Prunus persica L.): a new tool for predicting gene function. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad294. [PMID: 38487296 PMCID: PMC10939413 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Peach is a model for Prunus genetics and genomics, however, identifying and validating genes associated to peach breeding traits is a complex task. A gene coexpression network (GCN) capable of capturing stable gene-gene relationships would help researchers overcome the intrinsic limitations of peach genetics and genomics approaches and outline future research opportunities. In this study, we created four GCNs from 604 Illumina RNA-Seq libraries. We evaluated the performance of every GCN in predicting functional annotations using an algorithm based on the 'guilty-by-association' principle. The GCN with the best performance was COO300, encompassing 21 956 genes. To validate its performance predicting gene function, we performed two case studies. In case study 1, we used two genes involved in fruit flesh softening: the endopolygalacturonases PpPG21 and PpPG22. Genes coexpressing with both genes were extracted and referred to as melting flesh (MF) network. Finally, we performed an enrichment analysis of MF network and compared the results with the current knowledge regarding peach fruit softening. The MF network mostly included genes involved in cell wall expansion and remodeling, and with expressions triggered by ripening-related phytohormones, such as ethylene, auxin, and methyl jasmonate. In case study 2, we explored potential targets of the anthocyanin regulator PpMYB10.1 by comparing its gene-centered coexpression network with that of its grapevine orthologues, identifying a common regulatory network. These results validated COO300 as a powerful tool for peach and Prunus research. This network, renamed as PeachGCN v1.0, and the scripts required to perform a function prediction analysis are available at https://github.com/felipecobos/PeachGCN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Pérez de los Cobos
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) , Mas Bové, Ctra. Reus-El Morell Km 3,8 43120 Constantí Tarragona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz E García-Gómez
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Orduña-Rubio
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ignasi Batlle
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) , Mas Bové, Ctra. Reus-El Morell Km 3,8 43120 Constantí Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iban Eduardo
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Cao K, Li Y, Wu J, Li W, Wang Q, Zhu G, Fang W, Chen C, Wang X, Dong W, Liu W, Wang L. Genome variation and LTR-RT analyses of an ancient peach landrace reveal mechanism of blood-flesh fruit color formation and fruit maturity date advancement. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad265. [PMID: 38298900 PMCID: PMC10828781 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica) landrace has typical regional characteristics, strong environmental adaptability, and contains many valuable genes that provide the foundation for breeding excellent varieties. Therefore, it is necessary to assemble the genomes of specific landraces to facilitate the localization and utilization of these genes. Here, we de novo assembled a high-quality genome from an ancient blood-fleshed Chinese landrace Tianjin ShuiMi (TJSM) that originated from the China North Plain. The assembled genome size was 243.5 Mb with a contig N50 of 23.7 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 28.6 Mb. Compared with the reported peach genomes, our assembled TJSM genome had the largest number of specific structural variants (SVs) and long terminal repeat-retrotransposons (LTR-RTs). Among the LTR-RTs with the potential to regulate their host genes, we identified a 6688 bp LTR-RT (named it blood TE) in the promoter of NAC transcription factor-encoding PpBL, a gene regulating peach blood-flesh formation. The blood TE was not only co-separated with the blood-flesh phenotype but also associated with fruit maturity date advancement and different intensities of blood-flesh color formation. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the development of the blood-flesh color and determination of fruit maturity date and highlight the potential of the TJSM genome to mine more variations related to agronomic traits in peach fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Ke Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Jinlong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Qi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Gengrui Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Weichao Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Changwen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Wenxuan Dong
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Weisheng Liu
- Liaoning Institute of Pomology, Yingkou 115009, Liaoning, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang H, Zhao L, Zhang B, Huang W, Zhang Z, An B. Integrated analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome provides insights into anthocyanin biosynthesis of cashew apple. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113711. [PMID: 38129034 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The cashew apple remains an underutilized agricultural product despite its abundance as a by-product of cashew nut production. Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments responsible for red, purple, and blue hues in plant tissues and have various health-promoting properties. To investigate the anthocyanin biosynthesis in cashew apples, fruits with varying peel colors from three cultivars were subjected to integrative analyses with metabolomics and transcriptomics. Through a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics analysis, a total of 26 distinct anthocyanin compounds were identified in the fruits of the three cashew cultivars. Subsequent quantification revealed that Pelargonidin-3-O-galactoside, Petunidin-3-O-arabinoside, and Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside were the primary contributors responsible for the red pigmentation in cashew apple peels. Following transcriptomic analysis showed that the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were predominantly higher in the red cashew apples as compared to the other two cultivars. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that eight potential transcription factors implicated in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Among these, four transcription factors exhibited positive correlations with both anthocyanin contents and anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression, while the remaining four transcription factors displayed negative correlations. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of anthocyanin biosynthesis in cashew apple peels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Creation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & National Cultivar Improvement Center of Tropical Fruit Tree, Haikou, 571101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Tropical Biodiversity and Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou 570100, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Creation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & National Cultivar Improvement Center of Tropical Fruit Tree, Haikou, 571101, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongrun Zhang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Creation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & National Cultivar Improvement Center of Tropical Fruit Tree, Haikou, 571101, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang An
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Espley RV, Jaakola L. The role of environmental stress in fruit pigmentation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3663-3679. [PMID: 37555620 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
For many fruit crops, the colour of the fruit outwardly defines its eating quality. Fruit pigments provide reproductive advantage for the plant as well as providing protection against unfavourable environmental conditions and pathogens. For consumers these colours are considered attractive and provide many of the dietary benefits derived from fruits. In the majority of species, the main pigments are either carotenoids and/or anthocyanins. They are produced in the fruit as part of the ripening process, orchestrated by phytohormones and an ensuing transcriptional cascade, culminating in pigment biosynthesis. Whilst this is a controlled developmental process, the production of pigments is also attuned to environmental conditions such as light quantity and quality, availability of water and ambient temperature. If these factors intensify to stress levels, fruit tissues respond by increasing (or ceasing) pigment production. In many cases, if the stress is not severe, this can have a positive outcome for fruit quality. Here, we focus on the principal environmental factors (light, temperature and water) that can influence fruit colour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard V Espley
- Department of New Cultivar Innovation, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Laura Jaakola
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang Y, Li W, Jiao S, Huang J, Chen B. MdMYB66 Is Associated with Anthocyanin Biosynthesis via the Activation of the MdF3H Promoter in the Fruit Skin of an Apple Bud Mutant. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16871. [PMID: 38069191 PMCID: PMC10706036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin color is an important trait that is mainly determined by the content and composition of anthocyanins in apples. In this study, a new bud mutant (RM) from 'Oregon Spur II' (OS) of Red Delicious apple was obtained to reveal the mechanism underlying red color formation. Results showed that the total anthocyanin content in RM was significantly higher than that in OS with the development of fruit. Through widely-targeted metabolomics, we found that cyanidin-3-O-galactoside was significantly accumulated in the fruit skin of RM. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the structural gene MdF3H and MdMYB66 transcription factor were significantly up-regulated in the mutant. Overexpression of MdMYB66 in apple fruit and apple callus significantly promoted anthocyanin accumulation and significantly increased the expression level of MdMYB66 and structural genes related to anthocyanin synthesis. Y1H and LUC analysis verified that MdMYB66 could specifically bind to the promoter of MdF3H. The results of the double luciferase activity test showed that MdMYB66 activated MdF3H 3.8 times, which led to increased anthocyanin contents. This might explain the phenotype of red color in RM at the early stage. Taken together, these results suggested that MdMYB66 was involved in regulating the anthocyanin metabolic pathways through precise regulation of gene expression. The functional characterization of MdMYB66 provides insight into the biosynthesis and regulation of anthocyanins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Huang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.H.); (W.L.); (S.J.); (J.H.)
- Tianshui Institute of Pomology, Tianshui 741002, China
| | - Wenfang Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.H.); (W.L.); (S.J.); (J.H.)
| | - Shuzhen Jiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.H.); (W.L.); (S.J.); (J.H.)
| | - Juanjuan Huang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.H.); (W.L.); (S.J.); (J.H.)
| | - Baihong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.H.); (W.L.); (S.J.); (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou P, Lei S, Zhang X, Wang Y, Guo R, Yan S, Jin G, Zhang X. Genome sequencing revealed the red-flower trait candidate gene of a peach landrace. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad210. [PMID: 38023475 PMCID: PMC10681006 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica) is an economically important fruit crop globally and an excellent material for genomic studies. While considerable progress has been made in unveiling trait-associated genes within cultivars and wild relatives, certain novel genes controlling valuable traits in peach landraces, such as the red-flowering gene, remained unclear. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the diploid genome of the red-flower landrace 'Yingzui' (abbreviated as 'RedY'). Multi-omics profiling of red petals of 'RedY' revealed the intensified red coloration associated with anthocyanins accumulation and concurrent decline in flavonols. This phenomenon is likely attributed to a natural variant of Flavonol Synthase (FLS) harboring a 9-bp exonic insertion. Intriguingly, the homozygous allelic configurations of this FLS variant were only observed in red-flowered peaches. Furthermore, the 9-bp sequence variation tightly associated with pink/red petal color in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of collected peach germplasm resources. Functional analyses of the FLS variant, purified from procaryotic expression system, demonstrated its diminished enzymatic activity in flavonols biosynthesis, impeccably aligning with the cardinal trait of red flowers. Therefore, the natural FLS variant was proposed as the best candidate gene for red-flowering trait in peach. The pioneering unveiling of the red-flowered peach genome, coupled with the identification of the candidate gene, expanded the knowledge boundaries of the genetic basis of peach traits and provided valuable insights for future peach breeding efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Research Centre for Engineering Technology of Fujian Deciduous Fruits, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Siru Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yinghao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Research Centre for Engineering Technology of Fujian Deciduous Fruits, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shaobin Yan
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Research Centre for Engineering Technology of Fujian Deciduous Fruits, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Guang Jin
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Research Centre for Engineering Technology of Fujian Deciduous Fruits, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Xingtan Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun Q, He Z, Wei R, Yin Y, Ye J, Chai L, Xie Z, Guo W, Xu J, Cheng Y, Xu Q, Deng X. Transcription factor CsTT8 promotes fruit coloration by positively regulating the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway and carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in citrus ( Citrus spp.). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad199. [PMID: 38023480 PMCID: PMC10673655 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids directly influence citrus fruit color and nutritional value, which is critical to consumer acceptance. Elucidating the potential molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism is of great importance for improving fruit quality. Despite the well-established carotenoid biosynthetic pathways, the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism remains poorly understood. Our previous studies have reported that the Myc-type basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) regulates citrus proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Transgenic analyses further showed that overexpression of CsTT8 could significantly promote carotenoid accumulation in transgenic citrus calli, but its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, we found that overexpression of CsTT8 enhances carotenoid content in citrus fruit and calli by increasing the expression of CsDXR, CsHDS, CsHDR, CsPDS, CsLCYE, CsZEP, and CsNCED2, which was accompanied by changes in the contents of abscisic acid and gibberellin. The in vitro and in vivo assays indicated that CsTT8 directly bound to the promoters of CsDXR, CsHDS, and CsHDR, the key metabolic enzymes of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, thus providing precursors for carotenoid biosynthesis and transcriptionally activating the expression of these three genes. In addition, CsTT8 activated the promoters of four key carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes, CsPDS, CsLCYE, CsZEP, and CsNCED2, directly promoting carotenoid biosynthesis. This study reveals a novel network of carotenoid metabolism regulated by CsTT8. Our findings will contribute to manipulating carotenoid metabolic engineering to improve the quality of citrus fruit and other crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhengchen He
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ranran Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingzi Yin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenwu Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan Y, Zhao J, Lin S, Li M, Liu J, Raymond O, Vergne P, Kong W, Wu Q, Zhang X, Bao M, Bendahmane M, Fu X. Light-mediated anthocyanin biosynthesis in rose petals involves a balanced regulatory module comprising transcription factors RhHY5, RhMYB114a, and RhMYB3b. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5783-5804. [PMID: 37392434 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Roses are significant botanical species with both ornamental and economic value, displaying diverse floral traits, particularly an extensive array of petal colors. The red pigmentation of rose petals is predominantly attributed to anthocyanin accumulation. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in roses remains elusive. This study presents a novel light-responsive regulatory module governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in rose petals, which involves the transcription factors RhHY5, RhMYB114a, and RhMYB3b. Under light conditions (1000-1500 μmol m-2 s-1), RhHY5 represses RhMYB3b expression and induces RhMYB114a expression, positively regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in rose petals. Notably, activation of anthocyanin structural genes probably involves an interaction and synergy between RhHY5 and the MYB114a-bHLH3-WD40 complex. Additionally, RhMYB3b is activated by RhMYB114a to prevent excessive accumulation of anthocyanin. Conversely, under low light conditions (<10 μmol m-2 s-1), the degradation of RhHY5 leads to down-regulation of RhMYB114a and up-regulation of RhMYB3b, which in turn inhibits the expression of both RhMYB114a and anthocyanin structural genes. Additionally, RhMYB3b competes with RhMYB114a for binding to RhbHLH3 and the promoters of anthocyanin-related structural genes. Overall, our study uncovers a complex light-mediated regulatory network that governs anthocyanin biosynthesis in rose petals, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying petal color formation in rose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengnan Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mouliang Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Olivier Raymond
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Development des Plantes, INRA-CNRS-Lyon1-ENS, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Vergne
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Development des Plantes, INRA-CNRS-Lyon1-ENS, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Weilong Kong
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanshu Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoni Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Manzhu Bao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohammed Bendahmane
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Development des Plantes, INRA-CNRS-Lyon1-ENS, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Xiaopeng Fu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carpi A, Rahim MA, Marin A, Armellin M, Brun P, Miotto G, Dal Monte R, Trainotti L. Optimization of Anthocyanin Production in Tobacco Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13711. [PMID: 37762013 PMCID: PMC10531439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell cultures have emerged as a promising tool for producing active molecules due to their numerous advantages over traditional agricultural methods. Flavonols, and anthocyanin pigments in particular, together with other phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, are known for their beneficial health properties, mainly due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. The synthesis of these molecules is finely regulated in plant cells and controlled at the transcriptional level by specific MYB and bHLH transcription factors that coordinate the transcription of structural biosynthetic genes. The co-expression of peach PpMYB10.1 and PpbHLH3 in tobacco was used to develop tobacco cell lines showing high expression of both the peach transgenes and the native flavonol structural genes. These cell lines were further selected for fast growth. High production levels of chlorogenic acid, anthocyanins (mainly cyanidin 3-rutinoside), and other phenolics were also achieved in pre-industrial scale-up trials. A single-column-based purification protocol was developed to produce a lyophile called ANT-CA, which was stable over time, showed beneficial effects on cell viability, and had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound-healing activities. This lyophile could be a valuable ingredient for food or cosmetic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carpi
- Active Botanicals Research (ABR), 36040 Brendola, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.A.R.); (M.A.)
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Angela Marin
- Active Botanicals Research (ABR), 36040 Brendola, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Marco Armellin
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.A.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Miotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Renzo Dal Monte
- Active Botanicals Research (ABR), 36040 Brendola, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Livio Trainotti
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.A.R.); (M.A.)
- Botanical Garden, University of Padua, 35123 Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahim MA, Misra P, Ketudat Cairns JR. Editorial: Advances in metabolism and chemodiversity - focus - anthocyanin and proanthocyanin: biosynthesis, accumulation, regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1222082. [PMID: 37662174 PMCID: PMC10469298 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1222082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Prashant Misra
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
| | - James R. Ketudat Cairns
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application & School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang L, Wang Y, Yue M, Jiang L, Zhang N, Luo Y, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Tang H. FaMYB5 Interacts with FaBBX24 to Regulate Anthocyanin and Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis in Strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12185. [PMID: 37569565 PMCID: PMC10418308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MYB and BBX transcription factors play important roles in flavonoid biosynthesis. Here, we obtained transgenic woodland strawberry with stable overexpression of FaMYB5, demonstrating that FaMYB5 can increase anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin content in roots, stems and leaves of woodland strawberry. In addition, bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and yeast two-hybridization demonstrated that the N-terminal (1-99aa) of FaBBX24 interacts with FaMYB5. Transient co-expression of FaBBX24 and FaMYB5 in cultivated strawberry 'Xiaobai' showed that co-expression strongly promoted the expression of F3'H, 4CL-2, TT12, AHA10 and ANR and then increased the content of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin in strawberry fruits. We also determined that FaBBX24 is also a positive regulator of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in strawberry. The results reveal a novel mechanism by which the FaMYB5-FaBBX24 module collaboratively regulates anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin in strawberry fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haoru Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.Z.); (Y.W.); (M.Y.); (L.J.); (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (M.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yao G, Gou S, Zhong T, Wei S, An X, Sun H, Sun C, Hu K, Zhang H. Persulfidation of transcription factor MYB10 inhibits anthocyanin synthesis in red-skinned pear. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:2185-2202. [PMID: 36797801 PMCID: PMC10315305 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule that delays color change during fruit ripening. Whether H2S affects anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-skinned pears (Pyrus L.) remains unclear. Here, we found that H2S substantially inhibits anthocyanin accumulation in red-skinned pears and the expression of several genes encoding transcription factors is affected in response to H2S signaling. For example, PyMYB10 and PyMYB73 were down-regulated, whereas PyMYB114 and PyMYB6 were up-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis showed that PyMYB73 and PyMYB6, each containing an EAR motif, may negatively regulate anthocyanin accumulation. Transient expression analysis showed that PyMYB73 substantially promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis by co-transforming with PyMYB10/PyMYB114 + PybHLH3; however, PyMYB6 inhibited anthocyanin biosynthesis in strawberry (Fragaria vesca) receptacles and pear fruits, and PyMYB73 interacted with PyMYB10 and PyMYB6 but not PyMYB114 or PybHLH3. Further investigation showed that Cys194 and Cys218 of PyMYB10 were modified by persulfidation and that PyMYB10Cys218Ala substantially increased anthocyanin accumulation by a transient transformation system. Co-transformation of PyMYB10Cys218Ala + PyMYB73/PyMYB6 also promoted anthocyanin accumulation in pear fruits. Yeast two-hybrid assays showed that the mutation of PyMYB10 did not affect the interaction between PyMYB10 and PyMYB73, but it inhibited interaction with PyMYB6. Moreover, H2S weakened the interaction between PyMYB10 and PyMYB73 but enhanced the interaction with PyMYB6. Thus, we provided a model in which PyMYB10 undergoes persulfidation at Cys218, enhancing the interaction with PyMYB6 and reducing the interaction with PyMYB73. These subsequently results in lower expression of the anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes Pyrus dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (PyDFR), Pyrus anthocyanidin synthase (PyANS), Pyrus UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-glucosyl transferase (PyUFGT) and Pyrus glutathione S-transferase (PyGST), thereby inhibiting anthocyanin accumulation in red-skinned pears. Our findings provided a molecular mechanism for H2S-mediated anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-skinned pears.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaifang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shasha Gou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Tingying Zhong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shuwei Wei
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China
| | - Xin An
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hongye Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chen Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kangdi Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li S, Zhang Y, Shi L, Cao S, Chen W, Yang Z. Involvement of a MYB Transcription Factor in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis during Chinese Bayberry ( Morella rubra) Fruit Ripening. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:894. [PMID: 37508327 PMCID: PMC10376099 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin is a class of water-soluble flavonoids found in Chinese bayberry (Morella rubra) that is not only responsible for the variety of colors visible in nature but also has numerous health-promoting benefits in humans. Through comparative transcriptomics, we isolated and identified a transcription factor (TF) of the R2R3-MYB type, MrMYB9, in order to explore the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in red and white Chinese bayberries. MrMYB9 transcript was positively correlated with anthocyanin level and anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression during Chinese bayberry fruit maturation (R-values in the range 0.54-0.84, p < 0.05). Sequence analysis revealed that MrMYB9 shared a similar R2R3 domain with MYB activators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in other plants. MrMYB9 substantially transactivated promoters of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related EBGs (MrCHI, MrF3'H, and MrANS) and LBGs (MrUFGT) upon co-expression of the AtEGL3 gene. Our findings indicated that MrMYB9 may positively modulate anthocyanin accumulation in Chinese bayberry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yijuan Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Liyu Shi
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zhenfeng Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rahim MA, Zhang X, Busatto N. Editorial: Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1230664. [PMID: 37396644 PMCID: PMC10313191 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Nicola Busatto
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Anthocyanins distribution, transcriptional regulation, epigenetic and post-translational modification in fruits. Food Chem 2023; 411:135540. [PMID: 36701918 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have indispensable functions in plant resistance, human health, and fruit coloring, which arouse people's favorite. It has been reported that anthocyanins are widely found in fruits, and can be affected by numerous factors. In this review, we systematically summarize anthocyanin functions, classifications, distributions, biosynthesis, decoration, transportation, transcriptional regulation, DNA methylation, and post-translational regulation in fruits.
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun P, Yang C, Zhu W, Wu J, Lin X, Wang Y, Zhu J, Chen C, Zhou K, Qian M, Shen J. Metabolome, Plant Hormone, and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Spatial Accumulation Pattern of Anthocyanins in Peach Flesh. Foods 2023; 12:2297. [PMID: 37372513 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are important secondary metabolites in fruits, and anthocyanin accumulation in the flesh of peach exhibits a spatial pattern, but the relevant mechanism is still unknown. In this study, the yellow-fleshed peach, cv. 'Jinxiu', with anthocyanin accumulation in the mesocarp around the stone was used as the experimental material. Red flesh (RF) and yellow flesh (YF) were sampled separately for flavonoid metabolite (mainly anthocyanins), plant hormone, and transcriptome analyses. The results showed that the red coloration in the mesocarp was due to the accumulation of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, with an up-regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes (F3H, F3'H, DFR, and ANS), transportation gene GST, and regulatory genes (MYB10.1 and bHLH3). Eleven ERFs, nine WRKYs, and eight NACs were also defined as the candidate regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in peach via RNA-seq. Auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, ethylene precursor) were enriched in the peach flesh, with auxin, cytokinin, ACC, and SA being highly accumulated in the RF, but ABA was mainly distributed in the YF. The activators and repressors in the auxin and cytokinin signaling transduction pathways were mostly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. Our results provide new insights into the regulation of spatial accumulation pattern of anthocyanins in peach flesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Chengkun Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crop in Hainan Province, Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture, Haidian Campus, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wencan Zhu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crop in Hainan Province, Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture, Haidian Campus, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Xianrui Lin
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Jianxi Zhu
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Chenfei Chen
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Kaibing Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crop in Hainan Province, Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture, Haidian Campus, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Minjie Qian
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crop in Hainan Province, Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture, Haidian Campus, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiansheng Shen
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua 321000, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu X, Liu H, Tian B, Shi G, Liu C, Guo J, Cao G, Wei F. Metabolome and transcriptome analyses of anthocyanin biosynthesis reveal key metabolites and candidate genes in purple wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13921. [PMID: 37357978 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is continuously subjected to genetic improvement to optimize grain quality. Purple wheat has recently gained attention because of its high anthocyanin and nutrient content. In this study, we performed an integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the inbred wheat lines ZM152 (white wheat line) and ZM163 (purple wheat line) to elucidate molecular networks and identify potential genes regulating anthocyanin synthesis. A total of 564 metabolites were detected, of which 47 metabolite contents differed significantly between the two lines. Twenty-five flavonoids, including four anthocyanins, were significantly higher in purple wheat. High contents of cyanidin 3-rutinoside and malvidin 3-glucoside might contribute to the purple coloration of the wheat grains. Consistently, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses revealed that flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis were mostly enriched, and the expression of anthocyanin structural genes was specifically upregulated in purple wheat lines, while transcription factors (TFs) were mostly downregulated in purple wheat lines. Especially, the correlation analysis showed the anthocyanin synthesis-related genes CHS (TraesCS2B02G048400) and UFGT (TraesCS7A02G155400) were likely regulated negatively by the TFs MYB4 (TraesCS1A02G268800, TraesCS1B02G279400), TT8 (TraesCS1D02G094200, TraesCS1B02G113100, and TraesCS1A02G102400), which thus could be considered important regulatory genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway of purple wheat lines. In summary, these results offer new insights into anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation of purple wheat, and provide very useful candidate genes for future colored wheat breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haifu Liu
- Henan Institute of Modern Agriculture, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoming Tian
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gongyao Shi
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Henan Institute of Modern Agriculture, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gangqiang Cao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhao L, Zhang Y, Sun J, Yang Q, Cai Y, Zhao C, Wang F, He H, Han Y. PpHY5 is involved in anthocyanin coloration in the peach flesh surrounding the stone. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:951-964. [PMID: 36919360 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Red coloration around the stone (Cs) is an important trait of canned peaches (Prunus persica). In this study, an elongated hypocotyl 5 gene in peach termed PpHY5 was identified to participate in the regulation of the Cs trait. The E3 ubiquitin ligase PpCOP1 was expressed in the flesh around the stone and could interact with PpHY5. Although HY5 is known to be degraded by COP1 in darkness, the PpHY5 gene was activated in the flesh tissue surrounding the stone at the ripening stages and its expression was consistent with anthocyanin accumulation. PpHY5 was able to promote the transcription of PpMYB10.1 through interacting with its partner PpBBX10. Silencing of PpHY5 in the flesh around the stone caused a reduction in anthocyanin pigmentation, while transient overexpression of PpHY5 and PpBBX10 resulted in anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruits. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings overexpressing PpHY5 showed increased anthocyanin accumulation in leaves. Our results improve our understanding of the mechanisms of anthocyanin coloration in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Juanli Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiurui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaming Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Caiping Zhao
- College of horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430209, China
| | - Huaping He
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430209, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liao L, Li Y, Lan X, Yang Y, Wei W, Ai J, Feng X, Chen H, Tang Y, Xi L, Wang Z. Integrative Analysis of Fruit Quality and Anthocyanin Accumulation of Plum cv. 'Cuihongli' ( Prunus salicina Lindl.) and Its Bud Mutation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1357. [PMID: 36987044 PMCID: PMC10059968 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fruit color is one of the quality indicators to judge the freshness of a plum. The coloring process of plum skin is valuable for research due to the high nutritional quality of anthocyanins found in plums. 'Cuihongli' (CHL) and its precocious mutant variety 'Cuihongli Red' (CHR) were used to analyze the changes of fruit quality and anthocyanin biosynthesis during plum development. The results showed that, during the development of the two plums, the total soluble solid and soluble sugar contents were highest at the mature stage, as the titratable acid trended gradually downward as the fruits of the two cultivars matured, and the CHR fruit showed higher sugar content and lower acid content. In addition, the skin of CHR turned red in color earlier than CHL. Compared with CHL, the skin of CHR had higher anthocyanin concentrations, higher activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), and UDPglucose: flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), and higher transcript levels of genes associated with anthocyanin production. In the flesh of the two cultivars, no anthocyanin content was detected. Taken together, these results suggest that the mutation exerted a major effect on anthocyanin accumulation via modification of the level of transcription; thus, CHR advances the ripening period of 'Cuihongli' plum and improves the fruit quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yaman Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Xuejiao Lan
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yiyue Yang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Wen Wei
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Jinglan Ai
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Xiangning Feng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hongyu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yuhang Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Lijuan Xi
- Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Qingshen County, Meishan 620000, China;
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jiang SH, Wang HH, Zhang R, Yang ZY, He GR, Ming F. Transcriptomic-based analysis to identify candidate genes for blue color rose breeding. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 111:439-454. [PMID: 36913074 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the flower color formation mechanism of 'Rhapsody in Blue' by BF and WF transcriptomes reveals that RhF3'H and RhGT74F2 play a key role in flower color formation. Rosa hybrida has colorful flowers and a high ornamental value. Although rose flowers have a wide range of colors, no blue roses exist in nature, and the reason for this is unclear. In this study, the blue-purple petals (BF) of the rose variety 'Rhapsody in Blue' and the white petals (WF) of its natural mutant were subjected to transcriptome analysis to find genes related to the formation of the blue-purple color. The results showed that the anthocyanin content was significantly higher in BF than in WF. A total of 1077 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by RNA-Seq analysis, of which 555 were up-regulated and 522 were down-regulated in the WF vs. BF petals. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of the DEGs revealed that a single gene up-regulated in BF was related to multiple metabolic pathways including metabolic process, cellular process, protein-containing complex, etc. Additionally, the transcript levels of most of the structural genes related to anthocyanin synthesis were significantly higher in BF than in WF. Selected genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR and the results were highly consistent with the RNA-Seq results. The functions of RhF3'H and RhGT74F2 were verified by transient overexpression analyses, and the results confirmed that both affect the accumulation of anthocyanins in 'Rhapsody in Blue'. We have obtained comprehensive transcriptome data for the rose variety 'Rhapsody in Blue'. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying rose color formation and even blue rose formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hang Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Huan-Huan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Ren Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Guo-Ren He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Feng Ming
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Peng XQ, Ai YJ, Pu YT, Wang XJ, Li YH, Wang Z, Zhuang WB, Yu BJ, Zhu ZQ. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin-related leaf color variation in poplar ( Populus deltoides) cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1103468. [PMID: 36909390 PMCID: PMC9998943 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1103468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colored-leaf plants are increasingly popular for their aesthetic, ecological, and social value, which are important materials for research on the regulation of plant pigments. However, anthocyanin components and the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in colored-leaf poplar remain unclear. Consequently, an integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome is performed to identify the key metabolic pathways and key genes, which could contribute to the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the colored-leaf cultivars poplar. METHODS In this study, integrated metabolite and transcriptome analysis was performed to explore the anthocyanin composition and the specific regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the purple leaves of the cultivars 'Quanhong' (QHP) and 'Zhongshanyuan' (ZSY). Correlation analysis between RNA-seq data and metabolite profiles were also performed to explore the candidate genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis. R2R3-MYB and bHLH TFs with differential expression levels were used to perform a correlation analysis with differentially accumulated anthocyanins. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A total of 39 anthocyanin compounds were detected by LC-MS/MS analysis. Twelve cyanidins, seven pelargonidins, five delphinidins, and five procyanidins were identified as the major anthocyanin compounds, which were differentially accumulated in purple leaves of QHP and ZSY. The major genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis, including structural genes and transcription factors, were differentially expressed in purple leaves of QHP and ZSY through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data analysis, which was consistent with quantitative real-time PCR analysis results. Correlation analysis between RNA-seq data and metabolite profiles showed that the expression patterns of certain differentially expressed genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were strongly correlated with the differential accumulation of anthocyanins. One R2R3-MYB subfamily member in the SG5 subgroup, Podel.04G021100, showed a similar expression pattern to some structural genes. This gene was strongly correlated with 16 anthocyanin compounds, indicating that Podel.04G021100 might be involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. These results contribute to a systematic and comprehensive understanding of anthocyanin accumulation and to the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in QHP and ZSY.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian Peng
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Jie Ai
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Ting Pu
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao Jing Wang
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Hang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Bing Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Laizhou, Ornamental Research Center, Hongshun Plum Planting Technology Co., Ltd, Yantai, China
| | - Bing Jun Yu
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Qi Zhu
- Laizhou, Ornamental Research Center, Hongshun Plum Planting Technology Co., Ltd, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tan Y, Wen B, Xu L, Zong X, Sun Y, Wei G, Wei H. High temperature inhibited the accumulation of anthocyanin by promoting ABA catabolism in sweet cherry fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1079292. [PMID: 36860903 PMCID: PMC9968857 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1079292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Color is an essential appearance characteristic of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruits and mainly determined by anthocyanin. Temperature plays an important role in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation. In this research, anthocyanin, sugar, plant hormone and related gene expression were analyzed using physiological and transcriptomic methods in order to reveal the effects of high temperature on fruit coloring and the related mechanism. The results showed that high temperature severely inhibited anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel and slowed the coloring process. The total anthocyanin content in fruit peel increased by 455% and 84% after 4 days of normal temperature treatment (NT, 24°C day/14°C night) and high temperature treatment (HT, 34°C day/24°C night), respectively. Similarly, the contents of 8 anthocyanin monomers were significantly higher in NT than in HT. HT also affected the levels of sugars and plant hormones. The total soluble sugar content increased by 29.49% and 16.81% in NT and HT, respectively, after 4 days of treatment. The levels of ABA, IAA and GA20 also increased in both the two treatments but more slowly in HT. Conversely, the contents of cZ, cZR and JA decreased more rapidly in HT than in NT. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the ABA and GA20 contents were significantly correlated with the total anthocyanin contents. Further transcriptome analysis showed that HT inhibited the activation of structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis as well as the repression of CYP707A and AOG, which dominated the catabolism and inactivation of ABA. These results indicate that ABA may be a key regulator in the high-temperature-inhibited fruit coloring of sweet cherry. High temperature induces higher ABA catabolism and inactivation, leading to lower ABA levels and finally resulting in slow coloring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tan
- Innovation Team of Stone Fruit Breeding and Cultivation, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Binbin Wen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Li Xu
- Innovation Team of Stone Fruit Breeding and Cultivation, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zong
- Innovation Team of Stone Fruit Breeding and Cultivation, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Yugang Sun
- Innovation Team of Stone Fruit Breeding and Cultivation, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqin Wei
- Innovation Team of Stone Fruit Breeding and Cultivation, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Hairong Wei
- Innovation Team of Stone Fruit Breeding and Cultivation, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chromosome-Level Assembly of Flowering Cherry ( Prunus campanulata) Provides Insight into Anthocyanin Accumulation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020389. [PMID: 36833316 PMCID: PMC9957189 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The flowering cherries (genus Prunus, subgenus Cerasus) are popular ornamental trees in China, Japan, Korea, and elsewhere. Prunus campanulata Maxim. is an important species of flowering cherry native to Southern China, which is also distributed in Taiwan, the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, and Vietnam. It produces bell-shaped flowers with colors ranging from bright pink to crimson during the Chinese Spring Festival from January to March each year. We selected the P. campanulata cultivar "Lianmeiren", with only 0.54% of heterozygosity, as the focus of this study, and generated a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of P. campanulata by combining Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecule sequencing, 10× Genomics sequencing, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technology. We first assembled a 300.48 Mb genome assembly with a contig N50 length of 2.02 Mb. In total, 28,319 protein-coding genes were predicted from the genome, 95.8% of which were functionally annotated. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that P. campanulata diverged from a common ancestor of cherry approximately 15.1 million years ago. Comparative genomic analyses showed that the expanded gene families were significantly involved in ribosome biogenesis, diterpenoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and circadian rhythm. Furthermore, we identified 171 MYB genes from the P. campanulata genome. Based on the RNA-seq of five organs at three flowering stages, expression analyses revealed that the majority of the MYB genes exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns, and some genes were identified as being associated with anthocyanin accumulation. This reference sequence is an important resource for further studies of floral morphology and phenology, and comparative genomics of the subgenera Cerasus and Prunus.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zaracho N, Reig G, Kalluri N, Arús P, Eduardo I. Inheritance of Fruit Red-Flesh Patterns in Peach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020394. [PMID: 36679108 PMCID: PMC9862646 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fruit color is an important trait in peach from the point of view of consumer preference, nutritional content, and diversification of fruit typologies. Several genes and phenotypes have been described for peach flesh and skin color, and although peach color knowledge has increased in the last few years, some fruit color patterns observed in peach breeding programs have not been carefully described. In this work, we first describe some peach mesocarp color patterns that have not yet been described in a collection of commercial peach cultivars, and we also study the genetic inheritance of the red dots present in the flesh (RDF) and red color around the stone (CAS) in several intra- and interspecific segregating populations for both traits. For RDF, we identified a QTL at the beginning of G5 in two intraspecific populations, and for CAS we identified a major QTL in G4 in both an intraspecific and an interspecific population between almond and peach. Finally, we discuss the interaction between these QTLs and some other genes previously identified in peach, such as dominant blood flesh (DBF), color around the stone (Cs), subacid (D) and the maturity date (MD), and the implications for peach breeding. The results obtained here will help peach germplasm curators and breeders to better characterize their plant materials and to develop an integrated system of molecular markers to select these traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Zaracho
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Reig
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA) Fruitcentre, Programa Fructicultura, PCiTAL, Parc Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Spain
| | - Naveen Kalluri
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA), Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iban Eduardo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA), Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zuo ZF, Lee HY, Kang HG. Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors: Regulators for Plant Growth Development and Abiotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021419. [PMID: 36674933 PMCID: PMC9867082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in many physiological processes, and they play important roles in the abiotic stress responses. The literature related to genome sequences has increased, with genome-wide studies on the bHLH transcription factors in plants. Researchers have detailed the functionally characterized bHLH transcription factors from different aspects in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, such as iron homeostasis and abiotic stresses; however, other important economic crops, such as rice, have not been summarized and highlighted. The bHLH members in the same subfamily have similar functions; therefore, unraveling their regulatory mechanisms will help us to identify and understand the roles of some of the unknown bHLH transcription factors in the same subfamily. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge on functionally characterized bHLH transcription factors according to four categories: plant growth and development; metabolism synthesis; plant signaling, and abiotic stress responses. We also highlight the roles of the bHLH transcription factors in some economic crops, especially in rice, and discuss future research directions for possible genetic applications in crop breeding.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang G, Weng W, Jia Z, Zhang J, Wang T, Xuan J. Identification of Candidate Genes Associated with Pulp Color by Transcriptomic Analysis of 'Huaxiu' Plum ( Prunus salicina Lindl.) during Fruit-Ripening. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6368-6384. [PMID: 36547095 PMCID: PMC9776821 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is one of the traditional and economically important stone fruit trees in China. Anthocyanins are important pigments in plums. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation in plum fruits, which has hindered research on the molecular mechanism of its utilization. Our research shows that the chlorophyll content was gradually decreased and the contents of anthocyanin and flavonoid increased during the coloring process of the pulp in 'Huaxiu' plums (P. salicina). Then, the RNA-Seq technique was used to analyze the transcriptome of pulp color changes with three different stages (yellow, orange, and red) in the 'Huaxiu' plum (P. salicina). A total of 57,119 unigenes with a mean length of 953 bp were generated, and 61.6% of them were annotated to public databases. The Gene Ontology (GO) database assigned 21,438 unigenes with biological process, cellular components, and molecular function. In addition, 32,146 unigenes were clustered into 25 categories for functional classification by the COG database, and 7595 unigenes were mapped to 128 KEGG pathways by the KEGG pathway database. Of these, 1095 (YS-versus-OS), 4947 (YS-versus-RS), and 3414 (OS-versus-RS) genes were significantly expressed differentially between two coloration stages. The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that 20 and 1 differentially expressed genes (DEG) are involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Finally, we mainly identified three structural genes as candidate genes. The transcriptome information in this study provide a basis for further studies of pulp colors in plum and contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis in pulp.
Collapse
|
29
|
Yuan H, Cai W, Chen X, Pang F, Wang J, Zhao M. Heterozygous frameshift mutation in FaMYB10 is responsible for the natural formation of red and white-fleshed strawberry ( Fragaria x ananassa Duch). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027567. [PMID: 36388497 PMCID: PMC9644031 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During natural evolution and artificial selection, the fruit color of many species has been repeatedly gained or lost and is generally associated with mutations in genes encoding R2R3-MYB transcription factors, especially MYB10. In this study, we show that a heterozygous frameshift mutation (FaMYB10AG-insert/FaMYB10wild ) is responsible for the loss of anthocyanins in the flesh of cultivated strawberry. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of red- and white-fleshed strawberry indicated that the low expression level of FaUFGT (flavonol-O-glucosyltransferases) was responsible for the loss of anthocyanins and accumulation of proanthocyanidin in the white-fleshed strawberry and was the crucial gene that encodes enzymes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Accordingly, overexpression and silencing of FaUFGT altered anthocyanin content and changed the flesh color of strawberry fruits. Furthermore, whole-genome resequencing analyses identified an AG insertion in the FaMYB10 coding region (FaMYB10AG-insert ) of white-fleshed strawberry. Y1H and EMSA assays showed that FaMYB10wild was able to bind to the promoter of the FaUFGT gene, while the FaMYB10AG-insert could not. The skin and flesh color were tightly linked to the number of fully functional FaMYB10 copies in the selfing progeny of white-fleshed strawberry. Our results suggested that heterozygous frameshift mutation of FaMYB10 resulted in the loss of the ability to activate the expression of the FaUFGT gene, was responsible for the natural formation of red and white-fleshed strawberry.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao Q, Song W, Li X, Xiang C, Chen G, Xiang G, Liu X, Zhang G, Li X, Yang S, Zhai C, Zhao Y. Genome-wide identification of bHLH transcription factors: Discovery of a candidate regulator related to flavonoid biosynthesis in Erigeron breviscapus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:977649. [PMID: 36186051 PMCID: PMC9515989 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.977649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Erigeron breviscapus is a Compositae plant, and its rich flavonoids have shown strong preventative and curative effects in the treatment of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. bHLH genes play a crucial role in plant growth and development. There are 116 EbbHLH genes in E. breviscapus, and each gene has been named based on its chromosome location. Our phylogenetic analysis divided these genes into 18 subfamilies. To further investigate its function, EbbHLH80 was isolated from E. breviscapus leaves. Next, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of tobacco leaves were performed. Among 421 differentially accumulated compounds, 98 flavonoids were identified. In addition, differentially expressed genes were identified using RNA-seq, and further analysis suggested that EbbHLH80-OE could not only regulate the expression of some structural genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway to achieve flavonoid accumulation but also be involved in the regulation of a series of downstream pathways, such as stress response, ABA and ethylene signal transduction, to affect plant growth and development. The results of our analysis provide new insights into the function of EbbHLH80 and lay the foundation for future functional studies on E. breviscapus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wanling Song
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunfan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Geng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guisheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shengchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chenxi Zhai
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fiol A, García S, Dujak C, Pacheco I, Infante R, Aranzana MJ. An LTR retrotransposon in the promoter of a PsMYB10.2 gene associated with the regulation of fruit flesh color in Japanese plum. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac206. [PMID: 36467274 PMCID: PMC9715577 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Japanese plums exhibit wide diversity of fruit coloration. The red to black hues are caused by the accumulation of anthocyanins, while their absence results in yellow, orange or green fruits. In Prunus, MYB10 genes are determinants for anthocyanin accumulation. In peach, QTLs for red plant organ traits map in an LG3 region with three MYB10 copies (PpMYB10.1, PpMYB10.2 and PpMYB10.3). In Japanese plum the gene copy number in this region differs with respect to peach: there are at least three copies of PsMYB10.1, with the expression of one of them (PsMYB10.1a) correlating with fruit skin color. The objective of this study was to determine a possible role of LG3-PsMYB10 genes in the natural variability of the flesh color trait and to develop a molecular marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS). We explored the variability within the LG3-PsMYB10 region using long-range sequences obtained in previous studies through CRISPR-Cas9 enrichment sequencing. We found that the PsMYB10.2 gene was only expressed in red flesh fruits. Its role in promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis was validated by transient overexpression in Japanese plum fruits. The analysis of long-range sequences identified an LTR retrotransposon in the promoter of the expressed PsMYB10.2 gene that explained the trait in 93.1% of the 145 individuals analyzed. We hypothesize that the LTR retrotransposon may promote the PsMYB10.2 expression and activate the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. We propose for the first time the PsMYB10.2 gene as candidate for the flesh color natural variation in Japanese plum and provide a molecular marker for MAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Fiol
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio García
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Dujak
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Igor Pacheco
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Infante
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hong S, Wang J, Wang Q, Zhang G, Zhao Y, Ma Q, Wu Z, Ma J, Gu C. Decoding the formation of diverse petal colors of Lagerstroemia indica by integrating the data from transcriptome and metabolome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:970023. [PMID: 36161015 PMCID: PMC9490092 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lagerstroemia indica has great economic value due to its ecological, medicinal, and ornamental properties. Because its bloom color is one of the most essential characteristics, research into its color development is a hot topic. In this study, five representative colored cultivars were chosen, each representing a different color, such as white, red, pink, violet, and purple. Fully bloomed flowers were used to detect flavonoids in the petals. Anthocyanin is the main factor for the color formation of L. indica. 14 anthocyanins were discovered among the 299 flavonoids. Among 14 anthocyanins, malvidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside varied greatly among four colored samples and is the main contributor to color diversity. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that compared to white flowers, Anthocyanin pathway genes appear to be more active in colored samples. Analyzing the correlation network between metabolites and differential expressed genes, 53 key structural genes, and 24 TFs were detected that may play an essential role in the formation of color in L. indica flowers. Among these, the differential expression of F3'5'H and F3'H between all samples are contributors to color diversity. These findings lay the foundation for discovering the molecular mechanism of L. indica flower color diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidan Hong
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qun Wang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guozhe Zhang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture, Foshan, China
| | - Jin Ma
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuihua Gu
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhao L, Sun J, Cai Y, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Ogutu CO, Liu J, Zhao Y, Wang F, He H, Zheng B, Han Y. PpHYH is responsible for light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel of Prunus persica. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1662-1677. [PMID: 35220436 PMCID: PMC9366866 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Peach Prunus persica is an economically important fruit tree crop worldwide. Although the external color of fruit is an important aspect of fruit quality, the mechanisms underlying its formation remain elusive in peach. Here, we report an elongated hypocotyl 5-homolog gene PpHYH involved in the regulation of anthocyanin pigmentation in peach fruit peel. Anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel is light-dependent in peach. PpHYH had no auto-activation activity and its transcription was induced by sunlight. PpHYH activated transcription of a cluster of three PpMYB10 genes in the present of a cofactor PpBBX4 encoding a B-BOX protein, leading to anthocyanin accumulation in the sun-exposed peel. However, the PpHYH activity was repressed by a negative regulator of PpCOP1 encoding constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1 which accumulated in the nucleus under dark condition, resulting in failure of anthocyanin accumulation in the shaded peel. PpCOP1 was re-localized into the cytosol under light condition, in accordance with fruit peel pigmentation. Additionally, transport of anthocyanins from the cytoplasm to the vacuole was a rate-limiting step for anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruit peel. Our results reveal for the first time the HYH gene involved in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in fruits, and provide target genes for genetic manipulation of fruit coloration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juanli Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaming Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiurui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Collins Otieno Ogutu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430209, China
| | - Huaping He
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430209, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen J, Shi Y, Zhong Y, Sun Z, Niu J, Wang Y, Chen T, Chen J, Luan M. Transcriptome Analysis and HPLC Profiling of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Citrus aurantium L. during Its Key Developmental Stages. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071078. [PMID: 36101454 PMCID: PMC9313048 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Citrus aurantium L. (sour orange) is a significant Chinese medicinal and fruit crop rich in flavonoids. However, the pathways and genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis at the key developmental stages of Citrus aurantium L. are not fully understood. This study found that the total flavonoid concentration gradually decreased as the fruit developed. Additionally, it showed that neohesperidin was the main flavonoid in the early stages of sour orange fruit development. However, as the development stage progressed, naringin content increased rapidly and emerged as the main flavonoid component. From 27 cDNA libraries, RNA sequencing yielded 16.64 billion clean bases, including 8989 differentially expressed genes. We identified 74 flavonoid related unigenes mapped to the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. A total of 152 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase genes (UGTs) were identified from C. aurantium L. transcriptome database, in which 22 key flavonoid-correlated UGTs were divided into five main AtGT groups: E, G, I, L, M. We observed that the ethylene responsive factors (ERF) and myeloblastosis (MYB) family mainly regulated the key genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Overall, our study generated extensive and detailed transcriptome data on the development of C. aurantium L. and characterized the flavonoid biosynthesis pattern during its fruit developmental stages. These results will benefit genetic modification or selection to increase the flavonoid content in sour oranges.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kandemir K, Piskin E, Xiao J, Tomas M, Capanoglu E. Fruit Juice Industry Wastes as a Source of Bioactives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6805-6832. [PMID: 35544590 PMCID: PMC9204825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Food processing sustainability, as well as waste minimization, are key concerns for the modern food industry. A significant amount of waste is generated by the fruit juice industry each year. In addition to the economic losses caused by the removal of these wastes, its impact on the environment is undeniable. Therefore, researchers have focused on recovering the bioactive components from fruit juice processing, in which a great number of phytochemicals still exist in the agro-industrial wastes, to help minimize the waste burden as well as provide new sources of bioactive compounds, which are believed to be protective agents against certain diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Although these wastes contain non-negligible amounts of bioactive compounds, information on the utilization of these byproducts in functional ingredient/food production and their impact on the sensory quality of food products is still scarce. In this regard, this review summarizes the most recent literature on bioactive compounds present in the wastes of apple, citrus fruits, berries, stoned fruits, melons, and tropical fruit juices, together with their extraction techniques and valorization approaches. Besides, on the one hand, examples of different current food applications with the use of these wastes are provided. On the other hand, the challenges with respect to economic, sensory, and safety issues are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Kandemir
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Piskin
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science
and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense
Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- International
Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Merve Tomas
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
- Merve Tomas:
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Esra
Capanoglu:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Genome-wide identification of R2R3-MYB gene family and association with anthocyanin biosynthesis in Brassica species. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:441. [PMID: 35701743 PMCID: PMC9199147 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica species include important oil crops and vegetables in the world. The R2R3-MYB gene participates in a variety of plant functions, including the activation or inhibition of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Although previous studies have reported its phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, and expression patterns in Arabidopsis, the number and sequence variation of this gene family in Brassica crops and its involvement in the natural quantitative variation in anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation are still largely unknown. In this study, by using whole genome sequences and comprehensive genome-wide comparative analysis among the six cultivated Brassica species, 2120 R2R3-MYB genes were identified in six Brassica species, in total These R2R3-MYB genes were phylogenetically clustered into 12 groups. The R2R3-MYB family between A and C subgenomes showed better collinearity than between B and C and between A and B. From comparing transcriptional changes of five Brassica species with the purple and green leaves for the detection of the R2R3-MYB genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis, 7 R2R3-MYB genes were co-differentially expressed. The promoter and structure analysis of these genes showed that some variations between non-coding region, but they were highly conserved at the protein level and spatial structure. Co-expression analysis of anthocyanin-related genes and R2R3-MYBs indicated that MYB90 was strongly co-expressed with TT8, and they were co-expressed with structural genes F3H, LDOX, ANS and UF3GT at the same time. These results further clarified the roles of the R2R3-MYBs for leaf coloration in Brasica species, which provided new insights into the functions of the R2R3-MYB gene family in Brasica species.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang S, Zhang Z, Li LX, Wang HB, Zhou H, Chen XS, Feng SQ. Apple MdMYB306-like inhibits anthocyanin synthesis by directly interacting with MdMYB17 and MdbHLH33. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:1021-1034. [PMID: 35220614 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Li-Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xue-Sen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shou-Qian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang C, Han F, Chen X, Zhao A, Wang D. Time-series based metabolomics reveals the characteristics of the color-related metabolites during the different coloration stages of Zanthoxylum bungeanum peel. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111077. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
39
|
Monitoring Apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.) Ripening Progression through Candidate Gene Expression Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094575. [PMID: 35562966 PMCID: PMC9105867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at the monitoring of the apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) ripening progression through the expression analysis of 25 genes related to fruit quality traits in nine cultivars with great differences in fruit color and ripening date. The level of pigment compounds, such as anthocyanins and carotenoids, is a key factor in food taste, and is responsible for the reddish blush color or orange skin and flesh color in apricot fruit, which are desirable quality traits in apricot breeding programs. The construction of multiple linear regression models to predict anthocyanins and carotenoids content from gene expression allows us to evaluate which genes have the strongest influence over fruit color, as these candidate genes are key during biosynthetic pathways or gene expression regulation, and are responsible for the final fruit phenotype. We propose the gene CHS as the main predictor for anthocyanins content, CCD4 and ZDS for carotenoids content, and LOX2 and MADS-box for the beginning and end of the ripening process in apricot fruit. All these genes could be applied as RNA markers to monitoring the ripening stage and estimate the anthocyanins and carotenoids content in apricot fruit during the ripening process.
Collapse
|
40
|
PpMYB39 Activates PpDFR to Modulate Anthocyanin Biosynthesis during Peach Fruit Maturation. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a class of water-soluble flavonoids widely present in fruits and vegetablesresponsible for the red flesh formation of peach fruit. Previously, several genes of the MYB family have been reported as transcriptional regulators of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway of structural genes in plants. In this study, through comparative transcriptome analysis of the white and red flesh peach cultivars of Harrow Blood and Asama Hakuto, a predicted transcription factor of the R2R3MYB family, PpMYB39, was identified to be associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis in peach fruit. In red-fleshed peach cultivars, the maximum amount of anthocyanin accumulated 95 days after full bloom (DAFB), at full maturity near ripening. Our results showed that, at this stage, PpMYB39 had the highest expression level among the 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) found in both red- and white-fleshed fruits, as well as a high correlation with total anthocyanin content throughout fruit development. Moreover, the expression analysis of the structural genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in peach fruit revealed that Prunus persica Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (PpDFR) was co-expressed and up-regulated with PpMYB39 at 95 DAFB, suggesting its possible role as a transcriptional activator of MYB39. This was further confirmed by a yeast one-hybrid assay and a dual luciferase reporter assay. Our results will be helpful in the breeding of peach cultivars and the identification and significance of color in peaches and related fruit species, in addition to providing an understanding of color formation in peach fruit for future research.
Collapse
|
41
|
Bao X, Zong Y, Hu N, Li S, Liu B, Wang H. Functional R2R3-MYB transcription factor NsMYB1, regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, was relative to the fruit color differentiation in Nitraria sibirica Pall. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:186. [PMID: 35395726 PMCID: PMC8994311 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03561-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitraria sibirica Pall. is an economic plant with two kinds of fruit color, widely spreads in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The chemical analysis and pharmacological evaluation had been carried out for several tens of years, the mechanism behind the fruit color differentiation is still unclear. RESULTS In this manuscript, the chemical analysis of the extractions showed that the chemical composition of fruit color was anthocyanin, and two kind of Nitraria sibirica Pall. were caused by the content differentiation with the same anthocyanin kinds. Cyanidin-3-[2"-(6'"-coumaroyl)-glucosyl]-glucoside (C3G) was the major anthocyanin. Transcriptome analysis and the qRT-PCR revealed that the structural genes relative to anthocyanin biosynthesis except CHS, F3'5'H and ANS were up-regulated in the peels of BF (Black fruit) compared with the peels of RF (Red fruit), which indicated that transcript factor should be the reason for the expression difference of the structure genes. In the unigenes of the transcript factor MYB and bHLH, relative to anthocyanin, only NsMYB1 (Cluster 8422.10600), was high-expression and up-expression in the peels of BF. NsMYB1 encoded the same length protein with four amino acid differences in the RF and BF, and both contained the intact DNA, HTH-MYB and SANT domains. NsMYB1 was close to the AtMYB114, AtMYB113 and AtPAP1, regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, in phylogenetic relationship. Both NsMYB1r and NsMYB1b could promote the transcript of the structural genes, and induced the anthocyanin accumulation in all tissues of transgenic tobacco. The insertion of 'TATA' in the promoter of NsMYB1r gave one more promoter region, and was the reason for higher transcripts in black fruit possibly. CONCLUSIONS Cyanidin-3-[2''-(6'"-coumaroyl)-glucosyl]-glucoside was the major anthocyanin in black fruit of Nitraria sibirica Pall.. NsMYB1 was a functional R2R3-MYB transcription factor, regulated the anthocyanin biosynthesis, and led to the fruit color differentiation in Nitraria sibirica Pall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Bao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008, China
- College of Education, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Zong
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Na Hu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Shiming Li
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tang T, Zhou H, Wang L, Zhao J, Ma L, Ling J, Li G, Huang W, Li P, Zhang Y. Post-harvest Application of Methyl Jasmonate or Prohydrojasmon Affects Color Development and Anthocyanins Biosynthesis in Peach by Regulation of Sucrose Metabolism. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871467. [PMID: 35479735 PMCID: PMC9037146 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and prohydrojasmon (PDJ) in postharvest color development and anthocyanins biosynthesis in the skin of peach fruit remain unclear. In this study, peach fruit were infiltrated with MeJA (200 μM) or PDJ (40 μM) and stored at 22°C for 7 days. The results showed that treatment with MeJA or PDJ had a positive effect on red color formation in peach fruits due to anthocyanins accumulation (∼120% increase). This was attributed to increased enzyme activities, and enhanced transcript abundance of the genes associated with anthocyanins biosynthesis, induced by MeJA or PDJ. Both MeJA and PDJ promoted sucrose biosynthesis, and the subsequently elevated levels of the sucrose during storage were positively correlated with anthocyanins accumulation (0.49) and the activities of key biosynthesis enzymes (0.42-0.79). Based on these findings, we proposed that MeJA or PDJ treatments promote anthocyanins biosynthesis by regulating sucrose metabolism during the postharvest storage of peach fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tang
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Libin Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Ling
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengxia Li
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingtong Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Khan IA, Cao K, Guo J, Li Y, Wang Q, Yang X, Wu J, Fang W, Wang L. Identification of key gene networks controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis in peach flower. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 316:111151. [PMID: 35151460 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, particularly anthocyanin is the main pigment that determined the red color of peach flowers, and help the plant to attract pollinators, protect the reproductive organs of flower from photo-oxidative effects of light and various non-communicable diseases. Through weightage gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) we identified a network of 15 hub genes that co-expressed throughout peach flower development including 5 genes coded for the key enzymes (CHI, F3'H, DFR, LAR and UFGT) of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and 1 gene Prupe.1G111700 identified as R2R3 family transcription factor MYB108. Over expression of PpMYB108 significantly increased anthocyanin biosynthesis in Tobacco flowers. Moreover, the expression correlation between PpMYB108 and PpDFR, suggests that PpMYB108 play the role of transcriptional activator for PpDFR. This was further supported by a 6 bp insertion of MYB biding site in the core promoter region of PpDFR in red flower. The positive interaction of PpMYB108 with PpDFR promoter from red flower was confirmed in yeast one hybrid assay. These findings may be helpful in peach breeding programs as well as in identifying anthocyanin related genes in other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad Khan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ke Cao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jian Guo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yong Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuanwen Yang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Wu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weichao Fang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang J, Cao K, Wang L, Dong W, Zhang X, Liu W. Two MYB and Three bHLH Family Genes Participate in Anthocyanin Accumulation in the Flesh of Peach Fruit Treated with Glucose, Sucrose, Sorbitol, and Fructose In Vitro. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11040507. [PMID: 35214840 PMCID: PMC8879194 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are important pigments in peach fruit and are beneficial to human health. Sugars are both energy-storing and signaling molecules and their roles in inducing anthocyanin biosynthesis have received a great deal of research attention. However, the mechanism by which sugars induce anthocyanin biosynthesis in peach fruit is unknown. In order to understand this induction mechanism, comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome were performed in fruit flesh treated with four different sugars for 12 and 24 h, respectively. Here, we found that cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl) glucosides accumulated in fruit flesh treated with glucose, sucrose, sorbitol, and fructose in vitro. Two key structural genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, namely, PpDFR and PpUFGT, were upregulated in the flesh of sugar-treated peach fruit. By contrast, the two main transcription factors (TFs) PpMYB10.1 and PpBL regulating anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in peach fruit were not upregulated accordingly. Interestingly, two MYB family genes (PpMYB6 and PpMYB44-like) and three bHLH family genes (PpbHLH35, PpbHLH51, and PpbHLH36-like) were upregulated. A dual luciferase assay revealed that PpMYB6 strongly activated the PpUFGT promoter when it was co-infiltrated with PpbHLH35, PpbHLH51, and PpbHLH36-like. When PpMYB44-like was co-infiltrated with PpbHLH35, it also potently activated the PpUFGT promoter. The results of this study help clarify the molecular mechanisms by which glucose, sucrose, sorbitol, and fructose regulate anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (J.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (K.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Ke Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (K.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Lirong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Fruit TreeBreeding Technology), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (K.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Wenxuan Dong
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (J.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (J.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Weisheng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (J.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu X, Duan J, Huo D, Li Q, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Niu L, Luo J. The Paeonia qiui R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor PqMYB113 Positively Regulates Anthocyanin Accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:810990. [PMID: 35095984 PMCID: PMC8789887 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.810990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia qiui is a wild species of tree peony native to China. Its leaves are purplish red from the bud germination to the flowering stage, and anthocyanin is the main pigment in purplish red leaves. However, the anthocyanin synthesis regulation mechanism in tree peony leaves remains unclear. In this study, an R2R3-MYB, PqMYB113 was identified from the leaves of P. qiui. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PqMYB113 clustered with Liquidambar LfMYB113 and grape VvMYBA6. Subcellular location analysis showed that PqMYB113 was located in the cell nucleus. The transient reporter assay suggested that PqMYB113 was a transcriptional activator. The overexpression of PqMYB113 in Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) resulted in increased anthocyanin accumulation and the upregulation of CHS, F3H, F3'H, DFR, and ANS. The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that PqMYB113 could activate the promoters of PqDFR and PqANS. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that PqMYB113 could form a ternary MBW complex with PqbHLH1 and PqWD40 cofactors. These results provide insight into the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tree peony leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resource, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Duan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Dan Huo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
| | - Lixin Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
| | - Jianrang Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yuan Z, Dong F, Pang Z, Fallah N, Zhou Y, Li Z, Hu C. Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analyses Unveil Pathways Involved in Sugar Content and Rind Color of Two Sugarcane Varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:921536. [PMID: 35783968 PMCID: PMC9244704 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic composition can have potential impact on several vital agronomic traits, and metabolomics, which represents the bioactive compounds in plant tissues, is widely considered as a powerful approach for linking phenotype-genotype interactions. However, metabolites related to cane traits such as sugar content, rind color, and texture differences in different sugarcane cultivars using metabolome integrated with transcriptome remain largely inconclusive. In this study, metabolome integrated with transcriptome analyses were performed to identify and quantify metabolites composition, and have better insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning the different cane traits, namely, brix, rind color, and textures in the stems (S) and leaves (L) of sugarcane varieties FN41 and 165402. We also identified metabolites and associated genes in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, starch and sucrose metabolism. A total of 512 metabolites from 11 classes, with the vast majority (122) belonging to flavonoids were identified. Moreover, the relatively high amount of D-fructose 6-p, D-glucose6-p and glucose1-p detected in FN41L may have been transported and distributed by source and sink of the cane, and a majority of them reached the stem of sugarcane FN41L, thereby promoting the high accumulation of sugar in FN41S. Observations also revealed that genes such as C4H, CHS, F3H, F3'H, DFR, and FG2 in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were the major factors impacting the rind color and contrasting texture of FN41 and 165204. Further analysis revealed that weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) hub genes and six transcription factors, namely, Tify and NAC, MYB-related, C2C2-Dof, WRKY, and bHLH play a key role in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism. Additionally, metabolites such as L-phenylalanine, tyrosine, sinapaldehyde, pinobanksin, kaempferin, and nictoflorin were the potential drivers of phenotypic differences. Our finding also demonstrated that genes and metabolites in the starch and sucrose metabolism had a significant effect on cane sugar content. Overall, this study provided valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning high sugar accumulation and rind color in sugarcane, which we believe is important for future sugarcane breeding programs and the selection of high biomass varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaonian Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Agricultural, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugar Industry, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaonian Yuan,
| | - Fei Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziqin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Agricultural, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nyumah Fallah
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Agricultural, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Zhou
- College of Agricultural, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Agricultural, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaohua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Agricultural, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
He B, Zhang Y, Wang L, Guo D, Jia X, Wu J, Qi S, Wu H, Gao Y, Guo M. Both Two CtACO3 Transcripts Promoting the Accumulation of the Flavonoid Profiles in Overexpressed Transgenic Safflower. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:833811. [PMID: 35463446 PMCID: PMC9019494 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.833811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The unique flavonoids, quinochalcones, such as hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) and carthamin, in the floret of safflower showed an excellent pharmacological effect in treating cardiocerebral vascular disease, yet the regulating mechanisms governing the flavonoid biosynthesis are largely unknown. In this study, CtACO3, the key enzyme genes required for the ethylene signaling pathway, were found positively related to the flavonoid biosynthesis at different floret development periods in safflower and has two CtACO3 transcripts, CtACO3-1 and CtACO3-2, and the latter was a splice variant of CtACO3 that lacked 5' coding sequences. The functions and underlying probable mechanisms of the two transcripts have been explored. The quantitative PCR data showed that CtACO3-1 and CtACO3-2 were predominantly expressed in the floret and increased with floret development. Subcellular localization results indicated that CtACO3-1 was localized in the cytoplasm, whereas CtACO3-2 was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, the overexpression of CtACO3-1 or CtACO3-2 in transgenic safflower lines significantly increased the accumulation of quinochalcones and flavonols. The expression of the flavonoid pathway genes showed an upward trend, with CtCHS1, CtF3H1, CtFLS1, and CtDFR1 was considerably induced in the overexpression of CtACO3-1 or CtACO3-2 lines. An interesting phenomenon for CtACO3-2 protein suppressing the transcription of CtACO3-1 might be related to the nucleus location of CtACO3-2. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H), glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down, and BiFC experiments revealed that CtACO3-2 interacted with CtCSN5a. In addition, the interactions between CtCSN5a and CtCOI1, CtCOI1 and CtJAZ1, CtJAZ1 and CtbHLH3 were observed by Y2H and GST pull-down methods, respectively. The above results suggested that the CtACO3-2 promoting flavonoid accumulation might be attributed to the transcriptional activation of flavonoid biosynthesis genes by CtbHLH3, whereas the CtbHLH3 might be regulated through CtCSN5-CtCOI1-CtJAZ1 signal molecules. Our study provided a novel insight of CtACO3 affected the flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beixuan He
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Lunuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlei Jia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyi Qi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Wu,
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
- Yue Gao,
| | - Meili Guo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
- Meili Guo,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang N, Shu X, Zhang F, Zhuang W, Wang T, Wang Z. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Regulatory Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Metabolism During Flower Development in Lycoris radiata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:761862. [PMID: 34975946 PMCID: PMC8715008 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.761862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lycoris is used as a garden flower due to the colorful and its special flowers. Floral coloration of Lycoris is a vital trait that is mainly regulated via the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of Lycoris radiata petals at four different flower development stages. A total of 38,798 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing, and the correlation between the expression level of the DEGs and the anthocyanin content was explored. The identified DEGs are significantly categorized into 'flavonoid biosynthesis,' 'phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,' 'Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis,' 'terpenoid backbone biosynthesis' and 'plant hormone signal transduction' by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The candidate genes involved in anthocyanin accumulation in L. radiata petals during flower development stages were also identified, which included 56 structural genes (especially LrDFR1 and LrFLS) as well as 27 key transcription factor DEGs (such as C3H, GATA, MYB, and NAC). In addition, a key structural gene namely LrDFR1 of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway was identified as a hub gene in anthocyanin metabolism network. During flower development stages, the expression level of LrDFR1 was positively correlated with the anthocyanin content. Subcellular localization revealed that LrDFR1 is majorly localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane. Overexpression of LrDFR1 increased the anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco leaves and Lycoris petals, suggesting that LrDFR1 acts as a positively regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results provide new insights for elucidating the function of anthocyanins in L. radiata petal coloring during flower development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochun Shu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibing Zhuang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li X, Cheng Y, Wang M, Cui S, Guan J. Weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis reveals a potential molecular regulatory mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation under different storage temperatures in 'Friar' plum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:576. [PMID: 34872513 PMCID: PMC8647467 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flesh is prone to accumulate more anthocyanin in postharvest 'Friar' plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) fruit stored at an intermediate temperature. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation regulated by storage temperature in postharvest plum fruit. RESULTS To reveal the potential molecular regulation mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest 'Friar' plum fruit stored at different temperatures (0 °C, 10 °C and 25 °C), the fruit quality, metabolite profile and transcriptome of its flesh were investigated. Compared to the plum fruit stored at 0 °C and 25 °C, the fruit stored at 10 °C showed lower fruit firmness after 14 days and reduced the soluble solids content after 21 days of storage. The metabolite analysis indicated that the fruit stored at 10 °C had higher contents of anthocyanins (pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinose), quercetin and sucrose in the flesh. According to the results of weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis (WGCNA), the turquoise module was positively correlated with the content of anthocyanin components, and flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) and chalcone synthase (CHS) were considered hub genes. Moreover, MYB family transcription factor APL (APL), MYB10 transcription factor (MYB10), ethylene-responsive transcription factor WIN1 (WIN1), basic leucine zipper 43-like (bZIP43) and transcription factor bHLH111-like isoform X2 (bHLH111) were closely related to these hub genes. Further qRT-PCR analysis verified that these transcription factors were specifically more highly expressed in plum flesh stored at 10 °C, and their expression profiles were significantly positively correlated with the structural genes of anthocyanin synthesis as well as the content of anthocyanin components. In addition, the sucrose biosynthesis-associated gene sucrose synthase (SS) was upregulated at 10 °C, which was also closely related to the anthocyanin content of plum fruit stored at 10 °C. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that the transcription factors APL, MYB10, WIN1, bZIP43 and bHLH111 may participate in the accumulation of anthocyanin in 'Friar' plum flesh during intermediate storage temperatures by regulating the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic structural genes. In addition, the SS gene may play a role in anthocyanin accumulation in plum flesh by regulating sucrose biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050024, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People's Republic of China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudou Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People's Republic of China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujuan Cui
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People's Republic of China.
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Cui Y, Fan J, Lu C, Ren J, Qi F, Huang H, Dai S. ScGST3 and multiple R2R3-MYB transcription factors function in anthocyanin accumulation in Senecio cruentus. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111094. [PMID: 34763879 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are important flavonoid pigments involved in the colouring of flowers and fruits. They are synthesized on the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum and transported into the vacuole for storage. Previous reports have suggested that glutathione S-transferase (GST) is involved in anthocyanin transport. However, due to the limitation of plant materials, most GSTs only participate in the cyanidin or delphinidin transport pathway. Here, an anthocyanin-related GST, ScGST3, was identified from the transcriptome of cineraria. The expression pattern of ScGST3 was highly consistent with anthocyanin accumulation in ray florets. Molecular complementation of Arabidopsis tt19 indicated that the overexpression of ScGST3 restores the anthocyanin-deficient phenotype of the mutant. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of ScGST3 in carmine and blue cineraria leaves could inhibit anthocyanin accumulation, further confirming the function of ScGST3 in anthocyanin accumulation. In vitro assays showed that ScGST3 increases the water solubility of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and delphinidin-3-O-glucosid (D3G). In addition, we also identified two anthocyanin-related MYB transcription factors, ScMYB3 and ScMYB6. The expression pattern of these two genes was also highly consistent with anthocyanin accumulation. Faded abaxial leaf phenotypes were observed after the silencing of ScMYB3 and ScMYB6, and the expression levels of partial structural genes were repressed. Based on the results from dual-luciferase assays and yeast one-hybrid assays, ScMYB3 can activate the promoter of ScGST3. Collectively, the transcription of ScGST3 is regulated by ScMYB3, which plays an important role in the transport of C3G and D3G in cineraria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Cui
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiawei Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chenfei Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiangshan Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fangting Qi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Silan Dai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|