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Ren QQ, Long GY, Yang H, Zhou C, Yang XB, Yan Y, Yan X. Conserved microRNAs miR-8-3p and miR-2a-3 targeting chitin biosynthesis to regulate the molting process of Sogatella furcifera (Horváth)(Hemiptera: Delphacidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae123. [PMID: 38894631 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Molting is a key solution to growth restriction in insects. The periodic synthesis and degradation of chitin, one of the major components of the insect epidermis, is necessary for insect growth. MicroRNA (miRNA) have been implicated in molting regulation, yet their involvement in the interplay interaction between the chitin synthesis pathway and 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling remains poorly understood. In this study, soluble trehalase (Tre1) and phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase (PAGM) were identified as targets of conserved miR-8-3p and miR-2a-3, respectively. The expression profiles of miR-8-3p-SfTre1 and miR-2a-3-SfPAGM exhibited an opposite pattern during the different developmental stages, indicating a negative regulatory relationship between them. This relationship was confirmed by an in vitro dual-luciferase reporter system. Overexpression of miR-8-3p and miR-2a-3 by injection of mimics inhibited the expression of their respective target genes and increased mortality, leading to death in the pre-molting, and molting death phenomena. They also caused a decrease in chitin content and expression levels of key genes in the chitin synthesis pathway (SfTre1, SfTre2, SfHK, SfG6PI, SfGFAT, SfGNA, SfPAGM, SfUAP, SfCHS1, SfCHS1a, and SfCHS1b). Conversely, the injection of miRNA inhibitors resulted in the upregulation of the expression levels of these genes. Following 20E treatment, the expression levels of miR-8-3p and miR-2a-3 decreased significantly, while their corresponding target genes increased significantly. These results indicate that miR-8-3p and miR-2a-3 play a regulatory role in the molting of Sogatella furcifera by targeting SfTre1 and SfPAGM, respectively. These findings provide new potential targets for the development of subsequent new control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Ren
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gui-Yun Long
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Guizhou Ethnic Medicine Resource Development and Utilization in Guizhou Minzu, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cao Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi-Bin Yang
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guizhou, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Yan Y, Liu DQ, Li C, Yang WJ, Xu KK. Disruption of microRNA pathway core genes inhibits molting and reproduction of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38738474 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miRNA) pathway genes have been widely reported to participate in several physiological events in insect lifecycles. The cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne is an economically important storage pest worldwide. However, the functions of miRNA pathway genes in L. serricorne remain to be clarified. Herein, we investigated the function of molting and reproduction of the miRNA pathway in L. serricorne. RESULTS LsDicer-1, LsArgonaute-1, LsLoquacious and LsExportin-5 were universally expressed in adults, whereas LsPasha and LsDrosha were mainly expressed in the pupae. The genes presented different patterns in various tissues. Silencing of LsDicer-1, LsArgonaute-1, LsDrosha and LsExportin-5 resulted in a high proportion of wing deformities and molting defects. Silencing of LsDicer-1, LsArgonaute-1, LsPasha and LsLoquacious affected the development of the ovary and the maturation of oocytes, resulting in a significant decrease in fecundity. Further investigation revealed that the decreases in LsDicer-1 and LsArgonaute-1 expression destroyed follicular epithelia and delayed vitellogenesis and oocyte development. In addition, the expression levels of several miRNAs (let-7, let-7-5p, miR-8-3p, miR-8-5p, miR-9c-5p, miR-71, miR-252-5p, miR-277-3p, miR-263b and Novel-miR-50) were decreased significantly after knockdown of these miRNA pathway core genes, indicating that they played important roles in regulating miRNA-mediated gene expression. CONCLUSION The results indicate that miRNA pathway genes play important roles in the molting, ovarian development and female fecundity of L. serricorne, and thus are potentially suitable target genes for developing an RNAi strategy against a major pest of stored products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - De-Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Can Li
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen-Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kang-Kang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
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Li D, Li HY, Zhang JR, Wu YJ, Zhao SX, Liu SS, Pan LL. Plant resistance against whitefly and its engineering. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1232735. [PMID: 37711302 PMCID: PMC10498545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1232735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants face constant threats from insect herbivores, which limit plant distribution and abundance in nature and crop productivity in agricultural ecosystems. In recent decades, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, a group of phloem-feeding insects, has emerged as pests of global significance. In this article, we summarize current knowledge on plant defenses against whitefly and approaches to engineer plant resistance to whitefly. Physically, plants deploy trichome and acylsugar-based strategies to restrain nutrient extraction by whitefly. Chemically, toxic secondary metabolites such as terpenoids confer resistance against whitefly in plants. Moreover, the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway seems to be the major regulator of whitefly resistance in many plants. We next review advances in interfering with whitefly-plant interface by engineering of plant resistance using conventional and biotechnology-based breeding. These breeding programs have yielded many plant lines with high resistance against whitefly, which hold promises for whitefly control in the field. Finally, we conclude with an outlook on several issues of particular relevance to the nature and engineering of plant resistance against whitefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng-Yu Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ru Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jie Wu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Xing Zhao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Halder K, Chaudhuri A, Abdin MZ, Datta A. Tweaking the Small Non-Coding RNAs to Improve Desirable Traits in Plant. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043143. [PMID: 36834556 PMCID: PMC9966754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant transcriptome contains an enormous amount of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that do not code for proteins but take part in regulating gene expression. Since their discovery in the early 1990s, much research has been conducted to elucidate their function in the gene regulatory network and their involvement in plants' response to biotic/abiotic stresses. Typically, 20-30 nucleotide-long small ncRNAs are a potential target for plant molecular breeders because of their agricultural importance. This review summarizes the current understanding of three major classes of small ncRNAs: short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNA (miRNA), and transacting siRNAs (tasiRNAs). Furthermore, their biogenesis, mode of action, and how they have been utilized to improve crop productivity and disease resistance are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Halder
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Abira Chaudhuri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.D.); Tel.: +91-1126742750 or +91-1126735119 (A.D.)
| | - Malik Z. Abdin
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Asis Datta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.D.); Tel.: +91-1126742750 or +91-1126735119 (A.D.)
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Lei J, Mei Y, Jin X, Liu Y, Wang L, Chai S, Cheng X, Yang X. Identification of miRNAs in Response to Sweet Potato Weevil (Cylas formicarius) Infection by sRNA Sequencing. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060981. [PMID: 35741742 PMCID: PMC9222952 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) is an important pest in the growing and storage of sweet potatoes. It is a common pest in the sweet potato production areas of southern China, causing serious harm to the development of the sweet potato industry. For the existing cultivars in China and abroad, there is no sweet potato variety with complete resistance to the sweet potato weevil. Thus, understanding the regulation mechanisms of sweet potato weevil resistance is the prerequisite for cultivating sweet potato varieties that are resistant to the sweet potato weevil. However, very little progress has been made in this field. In this study, we inoculated adult sweet potato weevils into sweet potato tubers. The infected sweet potato tubers were collected at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. Then, a miRNA library was constructed for Eshu 6 and Guang 87 sweet potato tubers infected for different lengths of time. A total of 407 known miRNAs and 298 novel miRNAs were identified. A total of 174 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out from the known miRNAs, and 247 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out from the new miRNAs. Moreover, the targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted and their network was further investigated through GO analysis and KEGG analysis using our previous transcriptome data. More importantly, we screened 15 miRNAs and their target genes for qRT-PCR verification to confirm the reliability of the high-throughput sequencing data, which indicated that these miRNAs were detected and most of the expression results were consistent with the sequencing results. These results provide theoretical and data-based resources for the identification of miRNAs in response to sweet potato weevil infection and an analysis of the molecular regulatory mechanisms involved in insect resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lei
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Yuqin Mei
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaojie Jin
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
- Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434022, China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Shasha Chai
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xianliang Cheng
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xinsun Yang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.L.); (Y.M.); (X.J.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (S.C.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Tarazi R, Vaslin MFS. The Viral Threat in Cotton: How New and Emerging Technologies Accelerate Virus Identification and Virus Resistance Breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:851939. [PMID: 35449884 PMCID: PMC9016188 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.851939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium spp. L., Malvaceae) is the world's largest source of natural fibers. Virus outbreaks are fast and economically devasting regarding cotton. Identifying new viruses is challenging as virus symptoms usually mimic nutrient deficiency, insect damage, and auxin herbicide injury. Traditional viral identification methods are costly and time-consuming. Developing new resistant cotton lines to face viral threats has been slow until the recent use of molecular virology, genomics, new breeding techniques (NBT), remote sensing, and artificial intelligence (AI). This perspective article demonstrates rapid, sensitive, and cheap technologies to identify viral diseases and propose their use for virus resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Tarazi
- Plant Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Virology, Microbiology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Bioprocessos da UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maite F. S. Vaslin
- Plant Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Virology, Microbiology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Bioprocessos da UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Li B, Karthikeyan A, Wang L, Yin J, Jin T, Liu H, Li K, Gai J, Zhi H. Discovery and characterization of differentially expressed soybean miRNAs and their targets during soybean mosaic virus infection unveils novel insight into Soybean-SMV interaction. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:171. [PMID: 35236286 PMCID: PMC8889786 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most devastating pathogens of soybean. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (21-24 nucleotides) which are endogenously produced by the plant host as part of a general gene expression regulatory mechanisms, but also play roles in regulating plant defense against pathogens. However, miRNA-mediated plant response to SMV in soybean is not as well documented. RESULT In this study, we analyzed 18 miRNA libraries, including three biological replicates from two soybean lines (Resistant and susceptible lines to SMV strain SC3 selected from the near-isogenic lines of Qihuang No. 1 × Nannong1138-2) after virus infection at three different time intervals (0 dpi, 7 dpi and 14 dpi). A total of 1,092 miRNAs, including 608 known miRNAs and 484 novel miRNAs were detected. Differential expression analyses identified the miRNAs profile changes during soybean-SMV interaction. Then, miRNAs potential target genes were predicted via data mining, and functional annotation was done by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The expression patterns of several miRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. We also validated the miRNA-target gene interaction by agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. CONCLUSION We have identified a large number of miRNAs and their target genes and also functional annotations. We found that multiple miRNAs were differentially expressed in the two lines and targeted a series of NBS-LRR resistance genes. It is worth mentioning that many of these genes exist in the previous fine-mapping interval of the resistance gene locus. Our study provides additional information on soybean miRNAs and an insight into the role of miRNAs during SMV-infection in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Liqun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyi Gai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haijian Zhi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Suhag A, Yadav H, Chaudhary D, Subramanian S, Jaiwal R, Jaiwal PK. Biotechnological interventions for the sustainable management of a global pest, whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1228-1252. [PMID: 32696581 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) are polyphagous invasive hemipteran insects that cause serious losses of important crops by directly feeding on phloem sap and transmitting pathogenic viruses. These insects have emerged as a major threat to global agriculture and food security. Chemically synthesized insecticides are currently the only option to control whiteflies, but the ability of whiteflies to evolve resistance against insecticides has made the management of these insects very difficult. Natural host-plant resistance against whiteflies identified in some crop plants has not been exploited to a great extent. Genetic engineering approaches, such as transgenics and RNA interference (RNAi), are potentially useful for the control of whiteflies. Transgenic plants harboring insecticidal toxins/lectins developed via nuclear or chloroplast transformation are a promising vehicle for whitefly control. Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) of several insect genes, delivered either through microinjection into the insect body cavity or orally via an artificial diet and transiently or stably expressed in transgenic plants, have controlled whiteflies in model plants and in some crops at the laboratory level, but not at the field level. In this review, we highlight the merits and demerits of each delivery method along with strategies for sustained delivery of dsRNAs via fungal entomopathogen/endosymbiont or nontransgenic RNAi approaches, foliar sprays, root absorption or nanocarriers as well as the factors affecting efficient RNAi and their biosafety issues. Genome sequencing and transcriptome studies of whitefly species are facilitating the selection of appropriate genes for RNAi and gene-editing technology for the efficient and resilient management of whiteflies and their transmitted viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Suhag
- Department of Zoology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
| | - Honey Yadav
- Centre for Biotechnology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
| | | | - S Subramanian
- Division of Entomology, Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Pawan K Jaiwal
- Centre for Biotechnology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
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Baig MS, Akhtar S, Khan JA. Engineering tolerance to CLCuD in transgenic Gossypium hirsutum cv. HS6 expressing Cotton leaf curl Multan virus-C4 intron hairpin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14172. [PMID: 34238948 PMCID: PMC8266814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), caused by begomoviruses in combination with betasatellite molecule, has adversely affected cotton industry of Indian subcontinent. To devise a CLCuD-control strategy, RNAi-mediated approach was followed in this study. Gossypium hirsutum cv. HS6 plants were transformed with intron-hairpin RNAi (ihpRNAi-C4) construct carrying silencing suppressor C4 gene of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV). Efficacy of the construct in imparting CLCuD resistance was evaluated in transgenic (T0, T1) cotton lines. Accumulation of CLCuMuV/betasatellite and attenuation of CLCuD symptoms in the transgenic lines were monitored at different times interval after virus inoculation. Northern hybridization revealed the expression of C4-gene derived siRNA. Expression of the ihpRNAi transcript was recorded higher in transgenic lines expressing siRNA which supposedly targeted the C4 gene. A significant delay in detection of virus as well as betasatellite was observed in the transgenic lines. At 30 days post inoculation (dpi), none of the lines tested positive. At 45 dpi, however, it could be detected in few lines having much lower titre as compared to non-transformed control plants. Notably, till 60 dpi, no significant progression of the virus/betasatellite DNA was observed and the plants did not exhibit any characteristic CLCuD symptoms. A tolerance phenomenon leading to escape of CLCuD symptoms in the transformed cotton was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza S Baig
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sadia Akhtar
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Jawaid A Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Saurabh S, Mishra M, Rai P, Pandey R, Singh J, Khare A, Jain M, Singh PK. Tiny Flies: A Mighty Pest That Threatens Agricultural Productivity-A Case for Next-Generation Control Strategies of Whiteflies. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12070585. [PMID: 34203297 PMCID: PMC8307429 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite being a pest of global importance, effective management of whiteflies by the implication of environmentally friendly approaches is still a far-reaching task. In this review, we have tried to bring the readers’ attention to next-generation control strategies such as RNA interference and genetic modifications of plants for the expression of anti-whitefly proteins. These strategies offer huge promise to provide an effective and sustainable solution to the problem of whiteflies, either in isolation or in combination with other widely used practices under the regimes of integrated pest management. Focus has also been given to advanced technologies such as nanotechnology and genome editing, with promising prospects for field applications. The importance, applicability, and demand of these technologies for the control of whiteflies have been highlighted. We have also attempted to present the holistic picture of challenges in the path of commercial application of these promising technologies. To underline the pest status of whiteflies concisely, we have enlisted all economically important species of the pest along with their host plants/crops across the world. A comprehensive list of various insecticides of chemical, microbial, and botanical origin, applied in the field for the control of sweetpotato whitefly along with their resistance status, ecotoxicities, and effects on biological control agents, has been provided for readers. Abstract Whiteflies are a group of universally occurring insects that are considered to be a serious pest in their own way for causing both direct and indirect damages to crops. A few of them serve as vectors of plant viruses that are detrimental to the crop in question and cause an actual loss in productivity. A lot of attention is focused on pest control measures under the umbrella of IPM. In this review, we attempt to summarize the existing literature on how and why whiteflies are a serious concern for agriculture and society. We reviewed why there could be a need for fresh insight into the ways and means with which the pest can be combated. Here, we have emphasized next-generation strategies based on macromolecules, i.e., RNA interference and genetic engineering (for the expression of anti-whitefly proteins), as these strategies possess the greatest scope for research and improvement in the future. Recent scientific efforts based on nanotechnology and genome editing, which seem to offer great potential for whitefly/crop pest control, have been discussed. Comprehensive apprehensions related to obstacles in the path of taking lab-ready technologies into the farmers’ field have also been highlighted. Although the use of RNAi, GM crops, nanotechnologies, for the control of whiteflies needs to be evaluated in the field, there is an emerging range of possible applications with promising prospects for the control of these tiny flies that are mighty pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Saurabh
- Insect Defense Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, 435, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (S.S.); (P.R.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Manisha Mishra
- Developmental Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (M.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Preeti Rai
- Insect Defense Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, 435, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (S.S.); (P.R.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Rashmi Pandey
- Developmental Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (M.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Insect Defense Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, 435, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (S.S.); (P.R.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akansha Khare
- Insect Defense Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, 435, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (S.S.); (P.R.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Meeta Jain
- School of Biochemistry, Khandwa Rd., D.A.V.V., Bhawarkuwa, DAVV Takshila Parisar, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India;
| | - Pradhyumna Kumar Singh
- Insect Defense Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, 435, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; (S.S.); (P.R.); (J.S.); (A.K.)
- CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-7080844111
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Zhang Q, Dou W, Taning CNT, Smagghe G, Wang JJ. Regulatory roles of microRNAs in insect pests: prospective targets for insect pest control. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 70:158-166. [PMID: 34090114 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
At the post-transcriptional level, microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, thereby influencing the outcome of many biological processes in insects, such as development, reproduction, metamorphosis, immunity, and insecticide resistance. The alteration of miRNA expression by mimic/agomir or inhibitor/antagomir via injection/feeding can lead to pest developmental abnormalities, death, or reduced pesticide resistance, indicating that miRNAs are potential targets for pest control. This review provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the regulatory roles of miRNA in agricultural and public health insect pest, and further highlights the potential of miRNAs as prospective targets in pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China
| | | | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Nandakumar M, Malathi P, Sundar AR, Rajadurai CP, Philip M, Viswanathan R. Role of miRNAs in the host-pathogen interaction between sugarcane and Colletotrichum falcatum, the red rot pathogen. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:851-870. [PMID: 33818644 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Sugarcane microRNAs specifically involved during compatible and incompatible interactions with red rot pathogen Colletotrichum falcatum were identified. We have identified how the miRNAs regulate their gene targets and elaborated evidently on the underlying molecular mechanism of sugarcane defense response to C. falcatum for the first time. Resistance against the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot is one of the most desirable traits for sustainable crop cultivation in sugarcane. To gain new insight into the host defense mechanism against C. falcatum, we studied the role of sugarcane microRNAs during compatible and incompatible interactions by adopting the NGS platform. We have sequenced a total of 80 miRNA families that comprised 980 miRNAs, and the putative targets of the miRNAs include transcription factors, membrane-bound proteins, glutamate receptor proteins, lignin biosynthesis proteins, signaling cascade proteins, transporter proteins, mitochondrial proteins, ER proteins, defense-related, stress response proteins, translational regulation proteins, cell proliferation, and ubiquitination proteins. Further, qRT-PCR analyses of 8 differentially regulated miRNAs and 26 gene transcript targets expression indicated that these miRNAs have a regulatory effect on the expression of respective target genes in most of the cases. Also, the results suggest that certain miRNA regulates many target genes that are involved in inciting early responses to the pathogen infection, signaling pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and resistance gene activation through feedback response from various cellular processes during the compatible and incompatible interaction with the red rot pathogen C. falcatum. The present study revealed the role of sugarcane miRNAs and their target genes during sugarcane-C. falcatum interaction and provided new insight into the miRNA-mediated defense mechanism in sugarcane for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nandakumar
- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007, India
| | - P Malathi
- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007, India
| | - A R Sundar
- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007, India
| | - C P Rajadurai
- AgriGenome Labs, Infopark-Smart City Short Rd, Kochi, Kerala, 682030, India
| | - Manuel Philip
- AgriGenome Labs, Infopark-Smart City Short Rd, Kochi, Kerala, 682030, India
| | - R Viswanathan
- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007, India.
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Zheng X, Weng Z, Li H, Kong Z, Zhou Z, Li F, Ma W, Lin Y, Chen H. Transgenic rice overexpressing insect endogenous microRNA csu-novel-260 is resistant to striped stem borer under field conditions. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:421-423. [PMID: 33108701 PMCID: PMC7955880 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zijin Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Han Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zichun Kong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zaihui Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fei Li
- Institute of Insect Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect PestsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Hu G, Lei Y, Liu J, Hao M, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Chen A, Wu J. The ghr-miR164 and GhNAC100 modulate cotton plant resistance against Verticillium dahlia. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 293:110438. [PMID: 32081275 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in plant development and defence through post-transcriptional regulation of the target genes. However, few miRNAs were reported to regulate cotton plant disease resistance. Here, we characterized the cotton miR164-NAC100 module in the later induction stage response of the plant to Verticillium dahliae infection. The results of GUS fusing reporter and transcript identity showed that ghr-miR164 can directly cleave the mRNA of GhNAC100 in the post-transcriptional process. The ghr-miR164 positively regulated the cotton plant resistance to V. dahliae according to analyses of its over-expression and knockdown. In link with results, the knockdown of GhNAC100 increased the plant resistance to V. dahliae. Based on LUC reporter, expression analyses and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, GhNAC100 bound to the CGTA-box of GhPR3 promoter and repressed its expression, negatively regulating plant disease resistance. These results showed that the ghr-miR164 and GhNAC100 module fine-tunes plant defence through the post-transcriptional regulation, which documented that miRNAs play important roles in plant resistance to vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Lei
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianfen Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengyan Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhennan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ye Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Aiming Chen
- The Key Laboratory for the Creation of Cotton Varieties in the Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Join Hope Seeds CO. Ltd, Changji, Xinjiang, 831100, China
| | - Jiahe Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
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Wang S, Liu S, Liu L, Li R, Guo R, Xia X, Wei C. miR477 targets the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene and enhances the susceptibility of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis) to disease during Pseudopestalotiopsis species infection. PLANTA 2020; 251:59. [PMID: 32025888 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION: miR477 acts as a negative regulator in tea plant immunity against Pseudopestalotiopsis infection by repressing the expression of its target gene PAL. MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated post-transcriptional regulation plays a fundamental role in various plant physiological processes, including responses to pathogens. Our previous research revealed that miR477 might be involved in the tea plant-Pseudopestalotiopsis interaction (data not shown). In the present study, the accumulation of miR477 significantly decreased in tea plants during Pseudopestalotiopsis species infection. Using miRNA and degradome data sets, the targeting of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) by miR477 was validated by 5' RLM-RACE. GUS assay showed that the expression of PAL was post-transcriptionally regulated by miR477 and silenced by mRNA cleavage. A negative correlation between the expression of miR477 and PAL was found in tea plants infected by the pathogen. The transgenic lines overexpressing Csn-miR477 exhibited increased susceptibility to Pseudopestalotiopsis species, which was associated with reduced expression of PAL during infection. The degree of severity of the leaf lesions and the results of trypan blue staining showed that the plants overexpressing Csn-miR477 exhibited more severe damage upon pathogen infection than wild-type plants. In addition, more H2O2 and O2-, higher malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and less superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were detected in the transgenic plants than in the wild-type plants after inoculation with Pseudopestalotiopsis species. Taken together, our results implied that Csn-miR477 might act as a negative regulator in pathogen-infected tea plants by inhibiting the expression of its target, PAL, and that Csn-miR477 is a candidate miRNA for improving the adaptation of tea plant to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Qadir R, Khan ZA, Monga D, Khan JA. Diversity and recombination analysis of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus: a highly emerging begomovirus in northern India. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:274. [PMID: 30954067 PMCID: PMC6451280 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), caused by begomoviruses in association with satellite molecules, is a major threat to cotton production causing enormous losses to cotton crop in most of the cotton growing countries including Indian subcontinent. In this study, isolates of begomovirus and satellite molecules associated with CLCuD were collected from North India (Haryana, New Delhi). They were amplified employing rolling circle replication mechanism, cloned, sequenced and, their phylogenetic and recombination analysis was performed. RESULTS The five Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV) isolates investigated in this study showed monopartite organization of the genome typical of Old World begomoviruses. Nucleotide sequence analyses assigned them as the strains of CLCuMuV and were designated as CLCuMuV-SR13, CLCuMuV-SR14, CLCuMuV-ND14, CLCuMuV-ND15 and CLCuMuV-SR15. The genome of CLCuMuV-SR13 shared a highest level of nucleotide sequence identity (98%) with CLCuMuV (JN678804), CLCuMuV-SR14 and CLCuMuV-SR15 exhibited 96% with CLCuMuV (KM096471), while isolates CLCuMuV-ND15 and CLCuMuV-SR15 revealed 96% sequence identity with CLCuMuV (AY765253). The four betasatellite molecules investigated in this study shared 95-99% nucleotide sequence identity with Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) from India. The betasatellite molecules were designated as CLCuMB-SR13, CLCuMB-SR14, CLCuMB-ND14 and CLCuMB-ND15. Alphasatellite molecules in this study, designated as GLCuA-SR14, GLCuA-ND14 and GLCuA-SR15, revealed 98% identity with Guar leaf curl alphasatellite (GLCuA) reported from Pakistan. CONCLUSION The phylogenetic and recombination studies concluded that the isolates of CLCuMuV genomes undertaken in this study have a potential recombinant origin. Remarkably, significant recombination was detected in almost all the genes with contribution of Cotton leaf curl Kokhran Virus (CLCuKoV) in IR, V1, V2, C1, C4 and C5 regions and of CLCuMuV in C2 region of CLCuMuV-SR14. CLCuKoV also donated in C2, C3 regions of CLCuMuV-ND14; V1, V2, C2 and C3 regions of CLCuMuV-ND15 and C1 of CLCuMuV-SR15. Altogether, these observations signify the uniqueness in Indian CLCuMuV isolates showing contribution of CLCuKoV in all the genes. An interesting observation was frequent identification of GLCuA in CLCuD leaf samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia Qadir
- Plant Virus Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zainul A Khan
- Plant Virus Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
- Present address: Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Dilip Monga
- Central Institute for Cotton Research (ICAR-CICR), Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, 125055, India
| | - Jawaid A Khan
- Plant Virus Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India.
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