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André C, Bertaut A, Ladoire S, Desmoulins I, Jankowski C, Beltjens F, Charon-Barra C, Bergeron A, Richard C, Boidot R, Arnould L. HER2-Low Luminal Breast Carcinoma Is Not a Homogenous Clinicopathological and Molecular Entity. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2009. [PMID: 38893129 PMCID: PMC11171142 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of some new antibody-drug conjugates, the HER2 classification of breast carcinomas now includes the HER2-low (H2L) category: IHC 1+, 2+ non-amplified by ISH, and double-equivocal carcinomas, mostly luminal, expressing hormone receptors (HR+). METHODS We analyzed mutational status and transcriptomic activities of three HER2 effector pathways: PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and JAK-STAT, in association with clinicopathologic features, in 62 H2L carcinomas compared to 43 HER2-positive and 20 HER2-negative carcinomas, all HR+. RESULTS H2L carcinomas had significantly lower histoprognostic grades and mitotic and Ki67 proliferation indexes than HER2-positive carcinomas. Their PIK3CA mutation rates were close to those of HER2-negative and significantly higher than in HER2-positive carcinomas, contrary to TP53 mutations. At the transcriptomic level, we identified three distinct groups which did not reflect the new HER2 classification. H2L and HER2-negative carcinomas shared most of clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, except HER2 membrane expression (mRNA levels). The presence of a mutation in a signaling pathway had a strong pathway activation effect. PIK3CA mutations were more prevalent in H2L carcinomas, leading to a strong activation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway even in the absence of HER2 overexpression/amplification. CONCLUSION PIK3CA mutations may explain the failure of conventional anti-HER2 treatments, suggesting that new antibody-drug conjugates may be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline André
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (F.B.); (C.C.-B.); (A.B.); (L.A.)
- Unit of Pathology, University Hospital Center, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- Unit of Methodology and Biostatistics, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Sylvain Ladoire
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (S.L.); (I.D.)
- Unit 1231 (INSERM U1231), National Institute of Health and Medical Research, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medicine, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Desmoulins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (S.L.); (I.D.)
| | - Clémentine Jankowski
- Department of Surgery, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Françoise Beltjens
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (F.B.); (C.C.-B.); (A.B.); (L.A.)
| | - Céline Charon-Barra
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (F.B.); (C.C.-B.); (A.B.); (L.A.)
| | - Anthony Bergeron
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (F.B.); (C.C.-B.); (A.B.); (L.A.)
| | - Corentin Richard
- Unit of Molecular Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (C.R.); (R.B.)
| | - Romain Boidot
- Unit of Molecular Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (C.R.); (R.B.)
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Tumor Biology and Pathology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (F.B.); (C.C.-B.); (A.B.); (L.A.)
- Unit 1231 (INSERM U1231), National Institute of Health and Medical Research, 21000 Dijon, France
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Niţă I, Niţipir C, Toma ŞA, Limbău AM, Pîrvu E, Bădărău IA. The importance of androgen receptors in breast cancer. Med Pharm Rep 2021; 94:273-281. [PMID: 34430848 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in females. For the breast malignant tumors there are numerous targeted therapies, depending on the receptors expressed. Regulating the process of epithelial-mesenchyme transcription, the steroid nuclear receptors are important in invasion and progression of BC cells. Till now, it is known that androgen receptor (AR) is present in about 60-80% of BC cells but, unfortunately, there is no targeted therapy available yet. Methods We revised the recent literature that included the AR mechanism of action in patients diagnosed with breast cancer, the preclinical, retrospective and clinical studies and the aspects related to the prognosis of these patients, depending on the molecular subtype. Results A total of 12 articles were eligible for this review. AR positivity was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Herein, neither 1 nor 10% cut-points were robustly prognostic. AR was an independent prognostic marker of BC outcome, especially in triple negative BC group. Conclusion AR is a potential targeted pathway which can improve the prognostic of AR positive patients with BC. Further preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to clarify the mechanism of action and to establish the drugs which can be used, either alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Niţă
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,Medical Oncology Department, Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cornelia Niţipir
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,Medical Oncology Department, Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Edvina Pîrvu
- Medical Oncology Department, "Colţea" Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
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The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphism is associated with breast cancer subtype susceptibility in southwestern China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254267. [PMID: 34242313 PMCID: PMC8270429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a folate-dependent enzyme, is reportedly involved in several cancer types. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism influences many biological processes, including tumorigenesis. However, the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and breast cancer (BC) subtypes is not fully understood. In this study, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism was genotyped in 490 individuals with or without BC from southwestern China. Analysis of the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and BC revealed that there was a significant association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (OR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.12–9.51, P = 0.0401). Furthermore, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism can also serve as a protective factor in luminal A breast cancer (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34–0.94, P = 0.0258). Evaluation of the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and clinical characteristics indicated that people who suffered from hypertension had an increased risk for BC (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.08–4.6; P = 0.0264), especially TNBC (OR = 215.38; 95% CI: 2.45–84430.3; P = 0.0317). Our results suggest that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism is significantly associated with susceptibility to luminal B breast cancer and TNBC.
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4
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Ballinger TJ, Meier JB, Jansen VM. Current Landscape of Targeted Therapies for Hormone-Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:308. [PMID: 30148117 PMCID: PMC6095972 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of deaths from MBC are in patients with hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2 negative disease. Endocrine therapy (ET) remains the backbone of treatment in these cases, improving survival and quality of life. However, treatment can lose effectiveness due to primary or acquired endocrine resistance. Analysis of mechanisms of ET resistance has led to the development of a new generation of targeted therapies for advanced breast cancer. In addition to anti-estrogen therapy with selective estrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors, and/or selective estrogen receptor degraders, combinations with cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have led to substantial progression free survival (PFS) improvements in the first and second line settings. While the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is known to be an important growth pathway in HR positive breast cancer, PI3K inhibitors have been disappointing due to modest effect sizes and significant toxicity. The mTOR inhibitor everolimus significantly improves progression free survival when added to ET, and recent studies have improved supportive care allowing less toxicity. While these combination targeted therapies improve outcomes and often delay initiation of chemotherapy, long term overall survival data are lacking and data for the ideal strategy for sequencing these agents remains unclear. Ongoing research evaluating potential biomarkers and mechanisms of resistance is anticipated to continue to improve outcomes for patients with HR positive metastatic breast cancer. In this review, we will discuss management and ongoing challenges in the treatment of advanced HR positive, HER2 negative breast cancer, highlighting single agent and combination endocrine therapies, targeted therapies including palbociclib, ribociclib, abemaciclib, and everolimus, and sequencing of therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarah J. Ballinger
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jason B. Meier
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Valerie M. Jansen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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Li S, Shen Y, Wang M, Yang J, Lv M, Li P, Chen Z, Yang J. Loss of PTEN expression in breast cancer: association with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32043-32054. [PMID: 28410191 PMCID: PMC5458267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have evaluated the significance of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10) expression in breast cancer, but their results remain controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the associations of PTEN expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in breast cancer. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched to identify relevant publications. The associations between PTEN expression and clinicopathological parameters, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were then assessed via meta-analyses of odds ratio (ORs) and hazard ratio (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Based on 27 studies involving 10,231 patients, the pooled results revealed that PTEN loss was significantly more common in breast cancer than in normal tissues (OR = 12.15, 95% CI = 6.48–22.79, P < 0.00001) and that PTEN loss had clear associations with larger tumor size (> 2 cm, OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.48–0.82, P= 0.0006), lymph node metastasis(OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.45–0.82, P = 0.0001), later TNM stage(stage III–IV, OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35–0.86, P= 0.009), poor differentiation(OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.24–0.59, P < 0.0001), and the highly aggressive triple-negative phenotype (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.23–2.12, P = 0.0005). Moreover, patients with PTEN loss exhibited significantly worse DFS and OS(HR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.04–2.22, P < 0.00001; HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.08–1.73, P < 0.0001; respectively). In conclusion, PTEN loss might predict more aggressive behavior and worse outcomes in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Meng Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zheling Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Fukumoto M, Ijuin T, Takenawa T. PI(3,4)P 2 plays critical roles in the regulation of focal adhesion dynamics of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:941-951. [PMID: 28247964 PMCID: PMC5448597 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides play pivotal roles in the regulation of cancer cell phenotypes. Among them, phosphatidylinositol 3,4‐bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2) localizes to the invadopodia, and positively regulates tumor cell invasion. In this study, we examined the effect of PI(3,4)P2 on focal adhesion dynamics in MDA‐MB‐231 basal breast cancer cells. Knockdown of SHIP2, a phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5‐trisphosphatase (PIP3) 5‐phosphatase that generates PI(3,4)P2, in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, induced the development of focal adhesions and cell spreading, leading to the suppression of invasion. In contrast, knockdown of PTEN, a 3‐phosphatase that de‐phosphorylates PIP3 and PI(3,4)P2, induced cell shrinkage and increased cell invasion. Interestingly, additional knockdown of SHIP2 rescued these phenotypes. Overexpression of the TAPP1 PH domain, which binds to PI(3,4)P2, and knockdown of Lpd, a downstream effector of PI(3,4)P2, resulted in similar phenotypes to those induced by SHIP2 knockdown. Taken together, our results suggest that inhibition of PI(3,4)P2 generation and/or downstream signaling could be useful for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Fukumoto
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ijuin
- Division of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Takenawa
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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7
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Massihnia D, Perez A, Bazan V, Bronte G, Castiglia M, Fanale D, Barraco N, Cangemi A, Di Piazza F, Calò V, Rizzo S, Cicero G, Pantuso G, Russo A. A headlight on liquid biopsies: a challenging tool for breast cancer management. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:4263-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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8
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Takeshita T, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto-Ibusuki M, Inao T, Sueta A, Fujiwara S, Omoto Y, Iwase H. Prognostic role of PIK3CA mutations of cell-free DNA in early-stage triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1582-9. [PMID: 26353837 PMCID: PMC4714688 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PIK3CA is an oncogene that encodes the p110α component of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K); it is the second most frequently mutated gene following the TP53 gene. In the clinical setting, PIK3CA mutations may have favorable prognostic value for hormone receptor‐positive breast cancer patients and, during the past few years, PIK3CA mutations of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) have attracted attention as a potential noninvasive biomarker of cancer. However, there are few reports on the clinical implications of PIK3CA mutations for TNBC patients. We investigated the PIK3CA major mutation status of cfDNA as a noninvasive biomarker of cancer using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), which has high level sensitivity and specificity for cancer mutation, in early‐stage 49 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. A total of 12 (24.4%) of 49 patients had PIK3CA mutations of cfDNA. In a median follow up of 54.4 months, the presence of PIK3CA mutations of cfDNA had significant impacts on relapse‐free survival (RFS; P = 0.0072) and breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS; P = 0.016), according to the log‐lank test. In a Cox proportional hazards model, the presence of PIK3CA mutations of cfDNA had significant prognostic value in the univariate and multivariate analysis. Additionally, the presence of PIK3CA mutations of cfDNA was significantly correlated with positive androgen receptor phosphorylated form depending on PI3K signaling pathway (pAR) which is independent favorable prognostic factors of TNBC. We demonstrated that the presence of PIK3CA major mutations of cfDNA could be a discriminatory predictor of RFS and BCSS in early‐stage TNBC patients and it was associated with PI3K pathway‐dependent AR phosphorylation. We demonstrated the presence of PIK3CA major mutations of cfDNA could be discriminatory predictor of RFS and BCSS in early‐stage TNBC patients which may be associated with PI3K pathway dependent AR phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takeshita
- Department of Breast and Endocrine surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Therapy for Breast Cancer, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Yamamoto-Ibusuki
- Department of Breast and Endocrine surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toko Inao
- Department of Breast and Endocrine surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Aiko Sueta
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Therapy for Breast Cancer, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saori Fujiwara
- Department of Breast and Endocrine surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoko Omoto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Endocrinological and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Iwase
- Department of Breast and Endocrine surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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9
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Papaxoinis G, Kotoula V, Alexopoulou Z, Kalogeras KT, Zagouri F, Timotheadou E, Gogas H, Pentheroudakis G, Christodoulou C, Koutras A, Bafaloukos D, Aravantinos G, Papakostas P, Charalambous E, Papadopoulou K, Varthalitis I, Efstratiou I, Zaramboukas T, Patsea H, Scopa CD, Skondra M, Kosmidis P, Pectasides D, Fountzilas G. Significance of PIK3CA Mutations in Patients with Early Breast Cancer Treated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG) Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140293. [PMID: 26452060 PMCID: PMC4599795 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The PI3K-AKT pathway is frequently activated in breast cancer. PIK3CA mutations are most frequently found in the helical (exon 9) and kinase (exon 20) domains of this protein. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of different types of PIK3CA mutations in combination with molecular biomarkers related to PI3K-AKT signaling in patients with early breast cancer. Methods Tumor tissue samples from 1008 early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy in two similar randomized trials of HeCOG were examined. Tumors were subtyped with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and FISH for ER, PgR, Ki67, HER2 and androgen receptor (AR). PIK3CA mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing (exon 20) and qPCR (exon 9) (Sanger/qPCR mutations). In 610 cases, next generation sequencing (NGS) PIK3CA mutation data were also available. PIK3CA mutations and PTEN protein expression (IHC) were analyzed in luminal tumors (ER and/or PgR positive), molecular apocrine carcinomas (MAC; ER/PgR negative / AR positive) and hormone receptor (ER/PgR/AR) negative tumors. Results PIK3CA mutations were detected in 235/1008 tumors (23%) with Sanger/qPCR and in 149/610 tumors (24%) with NGS. Concordance between the two methods was good with a Kappa coefficient of 0.76 (95% CI 0.69–0.82). Lobular histology, low tumor grade and luminal A tumors were associated with helical domain mutations (PIK3CAhel), while luminal B with kinase domain mutations (PIK3CAkin). The overall incidence of PIK3CA mutations was higher in luminal as compared to MAC and hormone receptor negative tumors (p = 0.004). Disease-free and overall survival did not significantly differ with respect to PIK3CA mutation presence and type. However, a statistically significant interaction between PIK3CA mutation status and PTEN low protein expression with regard to prognosis was identified. Conclusions The present study did not show any prognostic significance of specific PIK3CA mutations in a large group of predominantly lymph-node positive breast cancer women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Further analyses in larger cohorts are warranted to investigate possible differential effect of distinct PIK3CA mutations in small subgroups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Papaxoinis
- Oncology Section, Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Hippokration” Hospital, Athens, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | - Vassiliki Kotoula
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi Alexopoulou
- Health Data Specialists Ltd, Dept of Biostatistics, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantine T. Kalogeras
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Translational Research Section, Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group, Data Office, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, “Alexandra” Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Timotheadou
- Department of Medical Oncology, “Papageorgiou” Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, “Laiko” General Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Angelos Koutras
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Gerasimos Aravantinos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, “Agii Anargiri” Cancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Elpida Charalambous
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Papadopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Thomas Zaramboukas
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Helen Patsea
- Department of Pathology, IASSO General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrisoula D. Scopa
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Skondra
- Oncology Section, Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Hippokration” Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Paris Kosmidis
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Pectasides
- Oncology Section, Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Hippokration” Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
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10
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Bruce MC, McAllister D, Murphy LC. The kinome associated with estrogen receptor-positive status in human breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:R357-70. [PMID: 25056177 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) regulates and is regulated by kinases involved in several functions associated with the hallmarks of cancer. The following literature review strongly suggests that distinct kinomes exist for ERα-positive and -negative human breast cancers. Importantly, consistent with the known heterogeneity of ERα-positive cancers, different subgroups exist, which can be defined by different kinome signatures, which in turn are correlated with clinical outcome. Strong evidence supports the interplay of kinase networks, suggesting that targeting a single node may not be sufficient to inhibit the network. Therefore, identifying the important hubs/nodes associated with each clinically relevant kinome in ER+ tumors could offer the ability to implement the best therapy options at diagnosis, either endocrine therapy alone or together with other targeted therapies, for improved overall outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Christine Bruce
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical GeneticsManitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba and CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9
| | - Danielle McAllister
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical GeneticsManitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba and CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9
| | - Leigh C Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical GeneticsManitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba and CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9
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11
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Pang B, Cheng S, Sun SP, An C, Liu ZY, Feng X, Liu GJ. Prognostic role of PIK3CA mutations and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6255. [PMID: 25176561 PMCID: PMC4150110 DOI: 10.1038/srep06255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) gene is frequently mutated in breast cancer (BCa). Sex hormone receptors (HRs), including estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) play pivotal roles in BCa. In this study, we evaluated the association between PIK3CA mutations and ER/PR expression and the prognostic role of PIK3CA mutations in BCa patients, and in particular, HR-positive BCa. Thirty-two studies involving 5719 cases of BCa obtained from database searches were examined. PIK3CA gene mutations correlated significantly with ER/PR expression (p < 0.00001) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.98, p = 0.03) but not overall survival (OS) (HR 1.14, 95%CI 0.72-1.82, p = 0.57) in unsorted BCa patients. PIK3CA mutations were not associated with OS (HR 1.06, 95%CI 0.67-1.67, p = 0.81) or RFS (HR 0.86, 95%CI 0.53-1.40, p = 0.55) in HR-positive BCa patients. In conclusion, PIK3CA mutations were significantly related to ER/PR expression and RFS in unsorted BCa patients. However, the clinical implications of PIK3CA mutations may vary according to different mutant exons. And PIK3CA mutations alone may have limited prognostic value for HR-positive BCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shi Cheng
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shi-Peng Sun
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Cheng An
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Liu
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Gui-Jian Liu
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixian Ge 5#, XiCheng District, Beijing 100053, China
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Arthur LM, Turnbull AK, Renshaw L, Keys J, Thomas JS, Wilson TR, Lackner MR, Sims AH, Dixon JM. Changes in PIK3CA mutation status are not associated with recurrence, metastatic disease or progression in endocrine-treated breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 147:211-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Beca F, Andre R, Martins DS, Bilhim T, Martins D, Schmitt F. p-mTOR expression is associated with better prognosis in luminal breast carcinoma. J Clin Pathol 2014; 67:961-7. [PMID: 25053543 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite considerable interest in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast carcinomas (BC), published data reports contradictory results regarding the association of phosphorylated mammalian target of Rapamycin (p-mTOR) expression with clinico-pathological features and prognosis in BC. Here, we evaluate the main clinico-pathological associations with p-mTOR expression in BC, with focus on the different molecular subtypes. METHODS In this retrospective study, 331 BC patients were included in final analysis. Outcome measures included disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) times. Baseline data and outcome measures were compared between immunohistochemical p-mTOR expressing and non-expressing BCs. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess the effect of p-mTOR expression in the outcome for each BC molecular subtype. RESULTS 43.8% of the tumours were positive for p-mTOR, with a significant correlation between p-mTOR expression with smaller (<2 cm) (p=0.021) and lower-grade tumours (p<0.001). Expression of p-mTOR was also associated with longer DFS (HR of 0.32, p<0.001) and OS (HR of 0.20, p<0.001). In a multivariable analysis, the HR remained significant with minimal change (HR=0.26, p=0.002 for OS; HR=0.40, p=0.002 for DFS). In subgroup analysis, luminal p-mTOR-expressing tumours demonstrated longer DFS and OS (HR 0.33, p=0.003; HR 0.20, p=0.003, respectively) independently of size, grade, lymph node status and Her-2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS p-mTOR expression is associated with smaller, lower-grade and with luminal BC. In multivariable analysis, p-mTOR expression was associated with longer DFS and OS, independently of the size, grade and lymph node status, especially in luminal BCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Beca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Oncology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosario Andre
- Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal Department of Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Duarte Saraiva Martins
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Bilhim
- Department of Radiology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and Hospital de São José, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diana Martins
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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