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Schukow CP, Allen TC. Digital and Computational Pathology Are Pathologists' Physician Extenders. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2024; 148:866-870. [PMID: 38531382 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2023-0537-ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Casey P Schukow
- From the Department of Pathology, Corewell Health's Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Timothy Craig Allen
- From the Department of Pathology, Corewell Health's Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
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Marletta S, Pantanowitz L, Santonicco N, Caputo A, Bragantini E, Brunelli M, Girolami I, Eccher A. Response to Letter to the Editor: "Remote Placental Sign-Out: What Digital Pathology Can Offer for Pediatric Pathologists". Pediatr Dev Pathol 2024; 27:377-378. [PMID: 38468494 DOI: 10.1177/10935266231225791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marletta
- Division of Pathology, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, Catania, Italy
- Section of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Liron Pantanowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicola Santonicco
- Section of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caputo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Emma Bragantini
- Department of Pathology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Section of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Girolami
- Division of Pathology, Central Hospital Bolzano, Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Albino Eccher
- Section of Pathology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
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Cleary AS, Lester SC. The Critical Role of Breast Specimen Gross Evaluation for Optimal Personalized Cancer Care. Surg Pathol Clin 2022; 15:121-132. [PMID: 35236628 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gross examination is the foundation for the pathologic evaluation of all surgical specimens. The rapid identification of cancers is essential for intraoperative assessment and preservation of biomolecules for molecular assays. Key components of the gross examination include the accurate identification of the lesions of interest, correlation with clinical and radiologic findings, assessment of lesion number and size, relationship to surgical margins, documenting the extent of disease spread to the skin and chest wall, and the identification of axillary lymph nodes. Although the importance of gross evaluation is undeniable, current challenges include the difficulty of teaching grossing well and its possible perceived undervaluation compared with microscopic and molecular studies. In the future, new rapid imaging techniques without the need for tissue processing may provide an ideal melding of gross and microscopic pathologic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison S Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital, 1950 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Susan C Lester
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Liu Y, Levenson RM, Jenkins MW. Slide Over: Advances in Slide-Free Optical Microscopy as Drivers of Diagnostic Pathology. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:180-194. [PMID: 34774514 PMCID: PMC8883436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Conventional analysis using clinical histopathology is based on bright-field microscopy of thinly sliced tissue specimens. Although bright-field microscopy is a simple and robust method of examining microscope slides, the preparation of the slides needed is a lengthy and labor-intensive process. Slide-free histopathology, however, uses direct imaging of intact, minimally processed tissue samples using advanced optical-imaging systems, bypassing the extended workflow now required for the preparation of tissue sections. This article explains the technical basis of slide-free microscopy, reviews common slide-free optical microscopy techniques, and discusses the opportunities and challenges involved in clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard M. Levenson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California–Davis, Sacramento, California,Address correspondence to Richard M. Levenson, M.D., UC Davis Health, Path Building, 4400 V St., Sacramento, CA 95817; or Michael W. Jenkins, Ph.D., 2109 Adelbert Rd., Wood Bldg., WG28, Cleveland, OH 44106.
| | - Michael W. Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,Address correspondence to Richard M. Levenson, M.D., UC Davis Health, Path Building, 4400 V St., Sacramento, CA 95817; or Michael W. Jenkins, Ph.D., 2109 Adelbert Rd., Wood Bldg., WG28, Cleveland, OH 44106.
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Bortesi M, Marchetti M, Arpaia I, Marchi L, Ganassi M, Zanetti E, Fontanesi C, Costantini M, Piana S. Pathologists' assistants, an essential healthcare workforce: the experience of a surgical pathology department in Italy. J Clin Pathol 2021; 75:472-476. [PMID: 33893155 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2021-207430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The progressive increase of both the workload and the complexity of laboratory procedures, along with shortage of staff, has made evident the need to increase the efficiency in the pathology departments. To support the pathologists, a new technical professional role, the pathologists' assistant (PA), has been introduced. METHODS We decided to carry out a retrospective analysis on PAs' performance. This was compared with that of junior/senior pathologists in the amount and type of surgical specimens examined, the number of lymph node retrieved in colorectal resections, the number of cases needing a second grossing procedure and the average time spent in grossing. As the COVID-19 pandemic period in fact resulted in a dramatic reduction of histological cases in our department, we divided PA activities into two periods, according to the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS 'Simple' specimens made up the majority (92%) of the specimens examined by PAs in pre-COVID-19 period while 'complex' specimens, often neoplastic, represented the minor part (7%). However, 'simple' specimens dropped to 81% and 'complex' specimens rose to 18% in the COVID-19 period, when PAs had the chance to test themselves with more complicated surgical samples, under the supervision of a pathologist. Lymph node retrieval rate and average time spent in grossing are in line with literature data and confirm that PAs performance is comparable with pathologists' one, in selected settings. CONCLUSION In our experience, PA has represented a fundamental time-saving resource for the pathologists, who can devote time almost exclusively to diagnostic reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Bortesi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Marialisa Marchetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Arpaia
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Letizia Marchi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Marilena Ganassi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Cristina Fontanesi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Massimo Costantini
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
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Wright JR. The History of Pathologists' Assistants: A Tale of 2 Educational Mavericks. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2019; 143:753-762. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0333-hp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Context.—The use of medical technologists to assist with clinical pathology workload has been common since the 1930s. In stark contrast, most aspects of anatomical pathology have traditionally been considered to be medical work that must be performed by pathologists or residents.Objective.—To describe the history of the pathologists' assistant profession in North America.Design.—Available primary and secondary historical sources were reviewed.Results.—The concept of physician assistants, capable of performing delegated medical tasks, was created by Eugene A. Stead Jr, MD, at Duke University in 1965. When this profession began, it was quickly embraced by the American Medical Association, which took ownership related to certification and licensing of practitioners as well as external accreditation of training programs. Because of concerns about pathology manpower in the late 1960s, Thomas D. Kinney, MD, also at Duke University, developed the first training program for pathologists' assistants in 1969. Pathologists' assistants were not immediately accepted by many academic pathologists, especially related to work in the surgical pathology gross room. Organized pathology did not help the new profession develop standards, and so in 1972 pathologists' assistants created their own professional organization, the American Association of Pathologists' Assistants. Although it took several decades, the association was eventually able to forge relationships with the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences for training program accreditation and the American Society for Clinical Pathology for board certification for practitioners. The development of the profession in Canada is also described.Conclusions.—The pathologists' assistant profession is now well established in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Wright
- From the Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Calgary/Calgary Laboratory Services, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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