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Reggiani F, Talarico G, Gobbi G, Sauta E, Torricelli F, Manicardi V, Zanetti E, Orecchioni S, Falvo P, Piana S, Lococo F, Paci M, Bertolini F, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. BET inhibitors drive Natural Killer activation in non-small cell lung cancer via BRD4 and SMAD3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2567. [PMID: 38519469 PMCID: PMC10960013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer and one of the pioneer tumors in which immunotherapy has radically changed patients' outcomes. However, several issues are emerging and their implementation is required to optimize immunotherapy-based protocols. In this work, we investigate the ability of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal protein inhibitors (BETi) to stimulate a proficient anti-tumor immune response toward NSCLC. By using in vitro, ex-vivo, and in vivo models, we demonstrate that these epigenetic drugs specifically enhance Natural Killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. BETi down-regulate a large set of NK inhibitory receptors, including several immune checkpoints (ICs), that are direct targets of the transcriptional cooperation between the BET protein BRD4 and the transcription factor SMAD3. Overall, BETi orchestrate an epigenetic reprogramming that leads to increased recognition of tumor cells and the killing ability of NK cells. Our results unveil the opportunity to exploit and repurpose these drugs in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reggiani
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Talarico
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Gobbi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sauta
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Manicardi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Biobank, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Orecchioni
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Falvo
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Biobank, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Filippo Lococo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Paci
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Gobbi G, Grieco A, Torricelli F, Sauta E, Santandrea G, Zanetti E, Fantini V, Reggiani F, Strocchi S, Paci M, Vohra M, Saladi SV, Ambrosetti DC, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. The long non-coding RNA TAZ-AS202 promotes lung cancer progression via regulation of the E2F1 transcription factor and activation of Ephrin signaling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:752. [PMID: 37980331 PMCID: PMC10657417 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts without coding potential that are pervasively expressed from the genome and have been increasingly reported to play crucial roles in all aspects of cell biology. They have been also heavily implicated in cancer development and progression, with both oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions. In this work, we identified and characterized a novel lncRNA, TAZ-AS202, expressed from the TAZ genomic locus and exerting pro-oncogenic functions in non-small cell lung cancer. TAZ-AS202 expression is under the control of YAP/TAZ-containing transcriptional complexes. We demonstrated that TAZ-AS202 is overexpressed in lung cancer tissue, compared with surrounding lung epithelium. In lung cancer cell lines TAZ-AS202 promotes cell migration and cell invasion. TAZ-AS202 regulates the expression of a set of genes belonging to cancer-associated pathways, including WNT and EPH-Ephrin signaling. The molecular mechanism underlying TAZ-AS202 function does not involve change of TAZ expression or activity, but increases the protein level of the transcription factor E2F1, which in turn regulates the expression of a large set of target genes, including the EPHB2 receptor. Notably, the silencing of both E2F1 and EPHB2 recapitulates TAZ-AS202 silencing cellular phenotype, indicating that they are essential mediators of its activity. Overall, this work unveiled a new regulatory mechanism that, by increasing E2F1 protein, modifies the non-small cell lung cancer cells transcriptional program, leading to enhanced aggressiveness features. The TAZ-AS202/E2F1/EPHB2 axis may be the target for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gobbi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Grieco
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Fantini
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Reggiani
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Strocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Paci
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Manik Vohra
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Srinivas Vinod Saladi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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3
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Torricelli F, Santandrea G, Botti C, Ragazzi M, Vezzani S, Frasoldati A, Ghidini A, Giordano D, Zanetti E, Rossi T, Nicoli D, Ciarrocchi A, Piana S. Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas Classified According to the International Medullary Carcinoma Grading System and a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Based Metastatic Risk Score: A Correlation With Genetic Profile and Angioinvasion. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100244. [PMID: 37307881 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of a standardized tool for risk-based stratification, the International Medullary Carcinoma Grading System (IMTCGS) has been proposed for medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) based on necrosis, mitosis, and Ki67. Similarly, a risk stratification study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database highlighted significant differences in MTCs in terms of clinical-pathological variables. We aimed to validate both the IMTCGS and SEER-based risk table on 66 MTC cases, with special attention to angioinvasion and the genetic profile. We found a significant association between the IMTCGS and survival because patients classified as high-grade had a lower event-free survival probability. Angioinvasion was also found to be significantly correlated with metastasis and death. Applying the SEER-based risk table, patients classified either as intermediate- or high-risk had a lower survival rate than low-risk patients. In addition, high-grade IMTCGS cases had a higher average SEER-based risk score than low-grade cases. Moreover, when we explored angioinvasion in correlation with the SEER-based risk table, patients with angioinvasion had a higher average SEER-based score than patients without angioinvasion. Deep sequencing analysis found that 10 out of 20 genes frequently mutated in MTCs belonged to a specific functional class, namely chromatin organization, and function, which may be responsible for the MTC heterogeneity. In addition, the genetic signature identified 3 main clusters; cases belonging to cluster II displayed a significantly higher number of mutations and higher tumor mutational burden, suggesting increased genetic instability, but cluster I was associated with the highest number of negative events. In conclusion, we confirmed the prognostic performance of the IMTCGS and SEER-based risk score, showing that patients classified as high-grade had a lower event-free survival probability. We also underline that angioinvasion has a significant prognostic role, which has not been incorporated in previous risk scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Botti
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Vezzani
- Endocrinology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Frasoldati
- Endocrinology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Angelo Ghidini
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Davide Giordano
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Teresa Rossi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Davide Nicoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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4
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Reggiani F, Orecchioni S, Sauta E, Torricelli F, Talarico G, Mitola G, Gobbi G, Paci M, Lococo F, Zanetti E, Piana S, Ciarrocchi A, Bertolini F, Sancisi V. EP16.03-042 BET Inhibitors Stimulate NK Cytotoxic Activity in NSCLC through Attenuation of YAP/TAZ and SMAD3 Transcriptional Programs. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Santandrea G, Valli R, Zanetti E, Ragazzi M, Pampena R, Longo C, Lai M, Piana S, Cesinaro AM. Comparative Analysis of PRAME Expression in 127 Acral and Nail Melanocytic Lesions. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:579-590. [PMID: 35275883 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma), a cancer testis antigen expressed in low levels in gonadal, endometrial, and adrenal gland tissues, has been recently considered a valuable tool in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. The aim of the current study is to perform PRAME immunostaining on a large series of benign and malignant acral lesions to evaluate the reproducibility of data reported in the literature and to validate PRAME as an affordable tool in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant acral melanocytic tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis for PRAME was performed in 127 benign and malignant acral and nail melanocytic lesions. To better correlate PRAME expression with the nature (benign vs. malignant) of the lesions, we categorized PRAME tumor cells percentage positivity and intensity in a cumulative score obtained by adding the quartile of positive tumor cells (0, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+) to PRAME expression intensity in tumor cells (0, 1+, 2+, 3+). Adopting an arbitrary PRAME expression score of < 5 versus ≥5 resulted in a correct identification of 82.5% of benign and 87.1% of malignant lesions. PRAME immunohistochemistry demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of acral melanocytic lesions, however, in line with the previous literature, we identified a subset of challenging cases such as acral Spitz nevi, in situ melanomas, and small, thin, invasive melanomas in which PRAME did not correlate with morphologic features. This suggests that PRAME can be a valid tool to be incorporated in a diagnostic clinicopathologic algorithm, subject to morphologic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Riccardo Pampena
- Skin Cancer Center, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia
| | - Caterina Longo
- Skin Cancer Center, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
| | - Michela Lai
- Skin Cancer Center, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
| | | | - Anna M Cesinaro
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
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Palicelli A, Croci S, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Melli B, Sanguedolce F, Ragazzi M, Zanelli M, Chaux A, Cañete-Portillo S, Bonasoni MP, Ascani S, De Leo A, Giordano G, Landriscina M, Carrieri G, Cormio L, Gandhi J, Nicoli D, Farnetti E, Piana S, Tafuni A, Bonacini M. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review (Part 6): Correlation of PD-L1 Expression with the Status of Mismatch Repair System, BRCA, PTEN, and Other Genes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:236. [PMID: 35203446 PMCID: PMC8868626 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) is allowed in selected metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PC) patients showing microsatellite instability/mismatch repair system deficiency (MSI-H/dMMR). BRCA1/2 loss-of-function is linked to hereditary PCs and homologous recombination DNA-repair system deficiency: poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase inhibitors can be administered to BRCA-mutated PC patients. Recently, docetaxel-refractory metastatic castration-resistant PC patients with BRCA1/2 or ATM somatic mutations had higher response rates to pembrolizumab. PTEN regulates cell cycle/proliferation/apoptosis through pathways including the AKT/mTOR, which upregulates PD-L1 expression in PC. Our systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines) investigated the potential correlations between PD-L1 and MMR/MSI/BRCA/PTEN statuses in PC, discussing few other relevant genes. Excluding selection biases, 74/677 (11%) PCs showed dMMR/MSI; 8/67 (12%) of dMMR/MSI cases were PD-L1+. dMMR-PCs included ductal (3%) and acinar (14%) PCs (all cases tested for MSI were acinar-PCs). In total, 15/39 (39%) PCs harbored BRCA1/2 aberrations: limited data are available for PD-L1 expression in these patients. 13/137 (10%) PTEN- PCs were PD-L1+; 10/29 (35%) PD-L1+ PCs showed PTEN negativity. SPOP mutations may increase PD-L1 levels, while the potential correlation between PD-L1 and ERG expression in PC should be clarified. Further research should verify how the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant PCs is related to dMMR/MSI, DNA-damage repair genes defects, or PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies, Norte University, Asuncion 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Davide Nicoli
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.N.); (E.F.)
| | - Enrico Farnetti
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.N.); (E.F.)
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Alessandro Tafuni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (S.P.); (A.T.)
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
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7
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Palicelli A, Bonacini M, Croci S, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Sanguedolce F, Ragazzi M, Zanelli M, Chaux A, Cañete-Portillo S, Bonasoni MP, Ascani S, De Leo A, Gandhi J, Tafuni A, Melli B. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 7: PD-L1 Expression in Liquid Biopsy. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1312. [PMID: 34945784 PMCID: PMC8709072 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is an accessible, non-invasive diagnostic tool for advanced prostate cancer (PC) patients, potentially representing a real-time monitoring test for tumor evolution and response to treatment through the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomes. We performed a systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines) to describe the current knowledge about PD-L1 expression in liquid biopsies of PC patients: 101/159 (64%) cases revealed a variable number of PD-L1+ CTCs. Outcome correlations should be investigated in larger series. Nuclear PD-L1 expression by CTCs was occasionally associated with worse prognosis. Treatment (abiraterone, enzalutamide, radiotherapy, checkpoint-inhibitors) influenced PD-L1+ CTC levels. Discordance in PD-L1 status was detected between primary vs. metastatic PC tissue biopsies and CTCs vs. corresponding tumor tissues. PD-L1 is also released by PC cells through soluble exosomes, which could inhibit the T cell function, causing immune evasion. PD-L1+ PC-CTC monitoring and genomic profiling may better characterize the ongoing aggressive PC forms compared to PD-L1 evaluation on primary tumor biopsies/prostatectomy specimens (sometimes sampled a long time before recurrence/progression). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), which may have immune-suppressive effects in tumor microenvironment, have been found in PC patients circulation, sometimes expressing PD-L1. Occasionally, their levels correlated to clinical outcome. Enzalutamide-progressing castration-resistant PC patients revealed increased PD-1+ T cells and circulating PD-L1/2+ DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | | | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies, Norte University, Asunción 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Alessandro Tafuni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
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8
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Palicelli A, Croci S, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Melli B, Sanguedolce F, Ragazzi M, Zanelli M, Chaux A, Cañete-Portillo S, Bonasoni MP, Soriano A, Ascani S, Zizzo M, Castro Ruiz C, De Leo A, Giordano G, Landriscina M, Carrieri G, Cormio L, Berney DM, Gandhi J, Nicoli D, Farnetti E, Santandrea G, Bonacini M. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 5: Epigenetic Regulation of PD-L1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12314. [PMID: 34830196 PMCID: PMC8619683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations (including DNA methylation or miRNAs) influence oncogene/oncosuppressor gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Prostate cancer (PC) displays a complex genetic and epigenetic regulation of cell-growth pathways and tumor progression. We performed a systematic literature review (following PRISMA guidelines) focused on the epigenetic regulation of PD-L1 expression in PC. In PC cell lines, CpG island methylation of the CD274 promoter negatively regulated PD-L1 expression. Histone modifiers also influence the PD-L1 transcription rate: the deletion or silencing of the histone modifiers MLL3/MML1 can positively regulate PD-L1 expression. Epigenetic drugs (EDs) may be promising in reprogramming tumor cells, reversing epigenetic modifications, and cancer immune evasion. EDs promoting a chromatin-inactive transcriptional state (such as bromodomain or p300/CBP inhibitors) downregulated PD-L1, while EDs favoring a chromatin-active state (i.e., histone deacetylase inhibitors) increased PD-L1 expression. miRNAs can regulate PD-L1 at a post-transcriptional level. miR-195/miR-16 were negatively associated with PD-L1 expression and positively correlated to longer biochemical recurrence-free survival; they also enhanced the radiotherapy efficacy in PC cell lines. miR-197 and miR-200a-c positively correlated to PD-L1 mRNA levels and inversely correlated to the methylation of PD-L1 promoter in a large series. miR-570, miR-34a and miR-513 may also be involved in epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | | | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies, Norte University, Asunción 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Carolina Castro Ruiz
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Davide Nicoli
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.N.); (E.F.)
| | - Enrico Farnetti
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.N.); (E.F.)
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
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9
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Palicelli A, Croci S, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Melli B, Sanguedolce F, Ragazzi M, Zanelli M, Chaux A, Cañete-Portillo S, Bonasoni MP, Soriano A, Ascani S, Zizzo M, Castro Ruiz C, De Leo A, Giordano G, Landriscina M, Carrieri G, Cormio L, Berney DM, Gandhi J, Copelli V, Bernardelli G, Santandrea G, Bonacini M. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 3: PD-L1, Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12330. [PMID: 34830209 PMCID: PMC8618001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes immune (T, B, NK, dendritic), stromal, mesenchymal, endothelial, adipocytic cells, extracellular matrix, and cytokines/chemokines/soluble factors regulating various intracellular signaling pathways (ISP) in tumor cells. TME influences the survival/progression of prostate cancer (PC), enabling tumor cell immune-evasion also through the activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. We have performed a systematic literature review according to the PRISMA guidelines, to investigate how the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is influenced by TME and ISPs. Tumor immune-escape mechanisms include suppression/exhaustion of tumor infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, inhibition of tumor suppressive NK cells, increase in immune-suppressive immune cells (regulatory T, M2 macrophagic, myeloid-derived suppressor, dendritic, stromal, and adipocytic cells). IFN-γ (the most investigated factor), TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, IL-15, IL-27, complement factor C5a, and other soluble molecules secreted by TME components (and sometimes increased in patients' serum), as well as and hypoxia, influenced the regulation of PD-L1. Experimental studies using human and mouse PC cell lines (derived from either androgen-sensitive or androgen-resistant tumors) revealed that the intracellular ERK/MEK, Akt-mTOR, NF-kB, WNT and JAK/STAT pathways were involved in PD-L1 upregulation in PC. Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling by using immunotherapy drugs can prevent tumor immune-escape, increasing the anti-tumor activity of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | | | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies, Norte University, Asunción 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Carolina Castro Ruiz
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Valerio Copelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuditta Bernardelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (V.C.); (G.B.); (G.S.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
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10
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Palicelli A, Bonacini M, Croci S, Magi-Galluzzi C, Cañete-Portillo S, Chaux A, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Melli B, Sanguedolce F, Ragazzi M, Bonasoni MP, Soriano A, Ascani S, Zizzo M, Castro Ruiz C, De Leo A, Giordano G, Landriscina M, Carrieri G, Cormio L, Berney DM, Athanazio D, Gandhi J, Cavazza A, Santandrea G, Tafuni A, Zanelli M. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 1: Focus on Immunohistochemical Results with Discussion of Pre-Analytical and Interpretation Variables. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113166. [PMID: 34831389 PMCID: PMC8625301 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1-PD-L1 axis yielded good results in treating different immunologically ''hot'' tumors. A phase II study revealed good therapeutic activity of pembrolizumab in selected prostatic carcinoma (PC)-patients. We performed a systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines), which analyzes the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in human PC samples and highlights the pre-analytical and interpretation variables. Interestingly, 29% acinar PCs, 7% ductal PCs, and 46% neuroendocrine carcinomas/tumors were PD-L1+ on immunohistochemistry. Different scoring methods or cut-off criteria were applied on variable specimen-types, evaluating tumors showing different clinic-pathologic features. The positivity rate of different PD-L1 antibody clones in tumor cells ranged from 3% (SP142) to 50% (ABM4E54), excluding the single case tested for RM-320. The most tested clone was E1L3N, followed by 22C3 (most used for pembrolizumab eligibility), SP263, SP142, and 28-8, which gave the positivity rates of 35%, 11-41% (depending on different scoring systems), 6%, 3%, and 15%, respectively. Other clones were tested in <200 cases. The PD-L1 positivity rate was usually higher in tumors than benign tissues. It was higher in non-tissue microarray specimens (41-50% vs. 15%), as PC cells frequently showed heterogenous or focal PD-L1-staining. PD-L1 was expressed by immune or stromal cells in 12% and 69% cases, respectively. Tumor heterogeneity, inter-institutional preanalytics, and inter-observer interpretation variability may account for result biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0522-296-864; Fax: +39-0522-296-945
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Cristina Magi-Galluzzi
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.M.-G.); (S.C.-P.)
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.M.-G.); (S.C.-P.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies Norte University, Asunción 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | | | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Carolina Castro Ruiz
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | | | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Tafuni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.P.B.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
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11
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Palicelli A, Croci S, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Melli B, Sanguedolce F, Ragazzi M, Zanelli M, Chaux A, Cañete-Portillo S, Bonasoni MP, Soriano A, Ascani S, Zizzo M, Castro Ruiz C, De Leo A, Giordano G, Landriscina M, Carrieri G, Cormio L, Berney DM, Gandhi J, Santandrea G, Bonacini M. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 4: Experimental Treatments in Pre-Clinical Studies (Cell Lines and Mouse Models). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12297. [PMID: 34830179 PMCID: PMC8618402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer (PC), the PD-1/PD-L1 axis regulates various signaling pathways and it is influenced by extracellular factors. Pre-clinical experimental studies investigating the effects of various treatments (alone or combined) may discover how to overcome the immunotherapy-resistance in PC-patients. We performed a systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines) to delineate the landscape of pre-clinical studies (including cell lines and mouse models) that tested treatments with effects on PD-L1 signaling in PC. NF-kB, MEK, JAK, or STAT inhibitors on human/mouse, primary/metastatic PC-cell lines variably down-modulated PD-L1-expression, reducing chemoresistance and tumor cell migration. If PC-cells were co-cultured with NK, CD8+ T-cells or CAR-T cells, the immune cell cytotoxicity increased when PD-L1 was downregulated (opposite effects for PD-L1 upregulation). In mouse models, radiotherapy, CDK4/6-inhibitors, and RB deletion induced PD-L1-upregulation, causing PC-immune-evasion. Epigenetic drugs may reduce PD-L1 expression. In some PC experimental models, blocking only the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway had limited efficacy in reducing the tumor growth. Anti-tumor effects could be increased by combining the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with other approaches (inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, PI3K/mTOR or JAK/STAT3 pathways, p300/CBP; anti-RANKL and/or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies; cytokines; nitroxoline; DNA/cell vaccines; radiotherapy/Radium-223).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- International Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | | | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies, Norte University, Asunción 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Carolina Castro Ruiz
- International Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.R.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (G.S.)
- International Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.C.); (M.B.)
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Palicelli A, Bonacini M, Croci S, Magi-Galluzzi C, Cañete-Portillo S, Chaux A, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Biase D, Melli B, Sanguedolce F, Zanelli M, Bonasoni MP, De Marco L, Soriano A, Ascani S, Zizzo M, Castro Ruiz C, De Leo A, Giordano G, Landriscina M, Carrieri G, Cormio L, Berney DM, Gandhi J, Santandrea G, Gelli MC, Tafuni A, Ragazzi M. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 2: Clinic-Pathologic Correlations. Cells 2021; 10:3165. [PMID: 34831388 PMCID: PMC8618408 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the potential prognostic and predictive role of PD-L1 in prostatic carcinoma (PC). We performed a systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines) to critically evaluate human tissue-based studies (immunohistochemistry, molecular analysis, etc.), experimental research (cell lines, mouse models), and clinical trials. Despite some controversial results and study limitations, PD-L1 expression by tumor cells may be related to clinic-pathologic features of adverse outcome, including advanced tumor stage (high pT, presence of lymph node, and distant metastases), positivity of surgical margins, high Grade Group, and castration resistance. Different PD-L1 positivity rates may be observed in matched primary PCs and various metastatic sites of the same patients. Over-fixation, type/duration of decalcification, and PD-L1 antibody clone may influence the immunohistochemical analysis of PD-L1 on bone metastases. PD-L1 seemed expressed more frequently by castration-resistant PCs (49%) as compared to hormone-sensitive PCs (17%). Some series found that PD-L1 positivity was associated with decreased time to castration resistance. Treatment with ipilimumab, cyclophosphamide/GVAX/degarelix, or degarelix alone may increase PD-L1 expression. Correlation of PD-L1 positivity with overall survival and outcomes related to tumor recurrence were rarely investigated; the few analyzed series produced conflicting results and sometimes showed limitations. Further studies are required. The testing and scoring of PD-L1 should be standardized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefania Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Cristina Magi-Galluzzi
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.M.-G.); (S.C.-P.)
| | - Sofia Cañete-Portillo
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.M.-G.); (S.C.-P.)
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Scientific Research, School of Postgraduate Studies, Norte University, Asunción 1614, Paraguay;
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | | | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Loredana De Marco
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy;
- Haematopathology Unit, CREO, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Carolina Castro Ruiz
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Maria Carolina Gelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Alessandro Tafuni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (E.Z.); (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (L.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.C.G.); (A.T.); (M.R.)
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Bortesi M, Marchetti M, Arpaia I, Marchi L, Ganassi M, Zanetti E, Fontanesi C, Costantini M, Piana S. Pathologists' assistants, an essential healthcare workforce: the experience of a surgical pathology department in Italy. J Clin Pathol 2021; 75:472-476. [PMID: 33893155 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2021-207430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The progressive increase of both the workload and the complexity of laboratory procedures, along with shortage of staff, has made evident the need to increase the efficiency in the pathology departments. To support the pathologists, a new technical professional role, the pathologists' assistant (PA), has been introduced. METHODS We decided to carry out a retrospective analysis on PAs' performance. This was compared with that of junior/senior pathologists in the amount and type of surgical specimens examined, the number of lymph node retrieved in colorectal resections, the number of cases needing a second grossing procedure and the average time spent in grossing. As the COVID-19 pandemic period in fact resulted in a dramatic reduction of histological cases in our department, we divided PA activities into two periods, according to the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS 'Simple' specimens made up the majority (92%) of the specimens examined by PAs in pre-COVID-19 period while 'complex' specimens, often neoplastic, represented the minor part (7%). However, 'simple' specimens dropped to 81% and 'complex' specimens rose to 18% in the COVID-19 period, when PAs had the chance to test themselves with more complicated surgical samples, under the supervision of a pathologist. Lymph node retrieval rate and average time spent in grossing are in line with literature data and confirm that PAs performance is comparable with pathologists' one, in selected settings. CONCLUSION In our experience, PA has represented a fundamental time-saving resource for the pathologists, who can devote time almost exclusively to diagnostic reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Bortesi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Marialisa Marchetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Arpaia
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Letizia Marchi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Marilena Ganassi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Cristina Fontanesi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Massimo Costantini
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
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Schiroli D, Marraccini C, Zanetti E, Ragazzi M, Gianoncelli A, Quartieri E, Gasparini E, Iotti S, Baricchi R, Merolle L. Imbalance of Mg Homeostasis as a Potential Biomarker in Colon Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040727. [PMID: 33923883 PMCID: PMC8073761 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidences support a correlation between magnesium (Mg) homeostasis and colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the role of Mg and its transporters as diagnostic markers in CRC is still a matter of debate. In this study we combined X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy and databases information to investigate the possible correlation between Mg imbalance and CRC. METHODS CRC tissue samples and their non-tumoural counterpart from four patients were collected and analysed for total Mg level and distribution by X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy. We also reviewed the scientific literature and the main tissue expression databases to collect data on Mg transporters expression in CRC. RESULTS We found a significantly higher content of total Mg in CRC samples when compared to non-tumoural tissues. Mg distribution was also impaired in CRC. Conversely, we evidenced an uncertain correlation between Mg transporters expression and colon malignancies. DISCUSSION Although further studies are necessary to determine the correlation between different cancer types and stages, this is the first report proposing the measurement of Mg tissue localisation as a marker in CRC. This study represents thus a proof-of-concept that paves the way for the design of a larger prospective investigation of Mg in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Schiroli
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0522-295057
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.R.)
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Eleonora Quartieri
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Elisa Gasparini
- Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano Iotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baricchi
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucia Merolle
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
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15
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Reggiani F, Sauta E, Torricelli F, Zanetti E, Tagliavini E, Santandrea G, Gobbi G, Damia G, Bellazzi R, Ambrosetti D, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. An integrative functional genomics approach reveals EGLN1 as a novel therapeutic target in KRAS mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:63. [PMID: 33823854 PMCID: PMC8022436 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reggiani
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, via Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sauta
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, via Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, via Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elena Tagliavini
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Gobbi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, via Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bellazzi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Ambrosetti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, via Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, via Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Palicelli A, Giaccherini L, Zanelli M, Bonasoni MP, Gelli MC, Bisagni A, Zanetti E, De Marco L, Torricelli F, Manzotti G, Gugnoni M, D’Ippolito G, Falbo AI, Sileo FG, Aguzzoli L, Mastrofilippo V, Bonacini M, De Giorgi F, Ricci S, Bernardelli G, Ardighieri L, Zizzo M, De Leo A, Santandrea G, de Biase D, Ragazzi M, Dalla Dea G, Veggiani C, Carpenito L, Sanguedolce F, Asaturova A, Boldorini R, Disanto MG, Goia M, Wong RWC, Singh N, Mandato VD. How Can We Treat Vulvar Carcinoma in Pregnancy? A Systematic Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:836. [PMID: 33671249 PMCID: PMC7921964 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
According to our systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines), only 37 vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCCs) were diagnosed during pregnancy (age range: 17-41 years). The tumor size range was 0.3-15 cm. The treatment was performed after (14/37, 38%), before (10/37, 27%), or before-and-after delivery (11/37, 30%). We found that 21/37 (57%) cases were stage I, 2 II (5%), 11 III (30%), and 3 IVB (8%). HPV-related features (condylomas/warts; HPV infection; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) were reported in 11/37 (30%) cases. We also found that 9/37 (24%) patients had inflammatory conditions (lichen sclerosus/planus, psoriasis, chronic dermatitis). The time-to-recurrence/progression (12/37, 32%) ranged from 0 to 36 (mean 9) months. Eight women died of disease (22%) 2.5-48 months after diagnosis, 2 (5%) were alive with disease, and 23 (62%) were disease-free at the end of follow-up. Pregnant patients must be followed-up. Even if they are small, newly arising vulvar lesions should be biopsied, especially in women with risk factors (HPV, dermatosis, etc.). The treatment of VSCCs diagnosed in late third trimester might be delayed until postpartum. Elective cesarean section may prevent vulvar wound dehiscence. In the few reported cases, pregnancy/fetal outcomes seemed to not be affected by invasive treatments during pregnancy. However, clinicians must be careful; larger cohorts should define the best treatment. Definite guidelines are lacking, so a multidisciplinary approach and discussion with patients are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Lucia Giaccherini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Paola Bonasoni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Carolina Gelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Loredana De Marco
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (G.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Gloria Manzotti
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (G.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Mila Gugnoni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (G.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Giovanni D’Ippolito
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.D.); (A.I.F.); (F.G.S.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Angela Immacolata Falbo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.D.); (A.I.F.); (F.G.S.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Filomena Giulia Sileo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.D.); (A.I.F.); (F.G.S.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Aguzzoli
- Unit of Surgical Gynecol Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (L.A.); (V.M.)
| | - Valentina Mastrofilippo
- Unit of Surgical Gynecol Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (L.A.); (V.M.)
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Federica De Giorgi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Giuditta Bernardelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Laura Ardighieri
- Pathology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Pharmacology and Biotechnology Department (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.P.B.); (M.C.G.); (A.B.); (E.Z.); (L.D.M.); (F.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Giulia Dalla Dea
- Department of Health Science, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.D.D.); (R.B.)
- Pathology Unit, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Claudia Veggiani
- Pathology Unit, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Laura Carpenito
- School of Pathology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesca Sanguedolce
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Aleksandra Asaturova
- 1st Pathology Department, FSBI “National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov”, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Department of Health Science, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.D.D.); (R.B.)
- Pathology Unit, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | | | - Margherita Goia
- Unit of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Richard Wing-Cheuk Wong
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Naveena Singh
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, UK;
| | - Vincenzo Dario Mandato
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.D.); (A.I.F.); (F.G.S.); (V.D.M.)
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Ragazzi M, Torricelli F, Donati B, Ciarrocchi A, de Biase D, Tallini G, Zanetti E, Bisagni A, Kuhn E, Giordano D, Frasoldati A, Piana S. Coexisting well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in the same primary resection specimen: immunophenotypic and genetic comparison of the two components in a consecutive series of 13 cases and a review of the literature. Virchows Arch 2021; 478:265-281. [PMID: 32683537 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare but highly aggressive form of thyroid cancer. It mostly arises on a background of pre-existing well-differentiated cancer (WDC); however, whether it evolves directly from a WDC or originates as a second independent neoplasm is still to be defined. To obtain further insights into these mechanisms, we performed morphological, immunohistochemical, and next-generation sequencing analyses to compare AC and its associated WDC in a subset of 13 surgically resected specimens. Histologically, most WDC were of aggressive subtypes. Papillary carcinomas (8 cases; 62%) were tall cell (4/8), columnar (1/8), classic with hobnail features (1/8), classic and follicular variant in the remaining 2 cases; Hürthle cell and follicular carcinomas were present in 5 (38%) and in 1 (8%) patient, respectively. One patient harbored both a PTC, follicular variant, and a Hürthle cell carcinoma. We did not find any correlation between a histotype of WDC and a specific anaplastic growth pattern. Immunohistochemically, ACs retained pankeratin/PAX8 expression but with significantly lower levels than WDCs, and they tended to lose TTF1 expression, as can be expected within a dedifferentiation process. In addition, AC showed a more frequent expression of p63 and/or SMA, a mutated pattern of p53, and an abnormal expression of p16. Genetic analysis showed that the number of mutations was higher in AC than in the associated WDC, confirming a role of the progressive accumulation of genetic damage in this transition. We observed that mutations found in the WDCs were consistently identified in the anaplastic counterparts, further supporting the hypothesis of a developmental link.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Cell Differentiation
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed/chemistry
- Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed/genetics
- Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed/pathology
- Phenotype
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/chemistry
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/genetics
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/pathology
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/surgery
- Thyroid Neoplasms/chemistry
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Benedetta Donati
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Department of Medicine (Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale), Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Kuhn
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Giordano
- Otolaryngology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Frasoldati
- Endocrinology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Taboni S, Paderno A, Giordano D, Albano D, Piana S, Zanetti E, Bertagna F, Grammatica A, Ghidini A, Cappelli C, Bozzola A, Baronchelli C, Nicolai P, Lombardi D. Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The Role of ATA Nodal Risk Factors in N1b Patients. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:E1029-E1034. [PMID: 33319385 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Nodal involvement is frequent in patients with differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs), but its prognostic relevance is not univocal. Some characteristics of nodal metastases can increase the risk of recurrence. We attempted to quantify the impact on survival of nodal factors included in the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification system in N1b patients with DTC. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS A retrospective analysis of patients affected by DTC who underwent therapeutic lateral neck dissection (ND) was performed. The impact on the prognosis of the number of positive lymph nodes (LNs), dimension of nodal metastasis, and microscopic and macroscopic extranodal extension (miENE and maENE, respectively) was investigated. RESULTS The study included 347 N1b patients who underwent 401 therapeutic lateral NDs. Mean number of positive LNs was nine, mean nodal ratio was 0.27, and mean diameter of metastasis was 15.5 mm. ENE was detected in 25.9% of patients (22.5% miENE and 3.5% maENE). In univariate analysis, the presence of maENE had an impact on disease specific survival (DSS) (P = .023); increasing number of positive LNs affected DSS and locoregional control (LRC) (P = .009 and =.006, respectively); increasing metastatic node dimension was a risk factors for overall survival, DSS, and metastases free survival (MFS) (P = .05, =.013 and =.016). In multivariate analysis, number of positive LNs and LN dimension were independent risk factors for LRC and MFS, respectively (HR 1.1, P = .028; HR 1.1, P = .026). CONCLUSIONS In our analysis on a cohort of N1b patients, the number of positive LNs and LN dimension were confirmed as independent risk factors for locoregional and distant recurrence, respectively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1029-E1034, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Taboni
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Paderno
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Giordano
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Domenico Albano
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Grammatica
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angelo Ghidini
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlo Cappelli
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Bozzola
- Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Piero Nicolai
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Davide Lombardi
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Colpo A, Marson P, Tison T, Zambon A, La Rosa A, Zanetti E, Ruffatti A, De Silvestro G, Hoxha A. SAT0176 THERAPEUTIC APHERESIS DURING PREGNANCY IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Therapeutic apheresis (TA) represents a therapeutic option in pre-existing conditions or rheumatic diseases that occur during gestation. Although pregnancy is not a contraindication itself, due to the lack of evidence-based guidelines and the alleged risk of maternal and/or fetal adverse events, there is general resistance to its application during pregnancy.Objectives:In this observational study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TA in high-risk pregnancies in patients with rheumatic diseases, followed over a decade in a tertiary Center.Methods:Between January 2005 and April 2019, 843 TA procedures were performed during 51 pregnancies in 43 patients: 745 plasma exchange sessions and 98 immunoabsorption sessions. TA was performed in 29 (57%) pregnancies of 21 (48.8%) patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), in 20 (39.2%) pregnancies of 20 (46.5%) patients with congenital heart block (CHB), in 1 (1.9%) pregnancy of 1 (2.3%) patient with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and 1 (1.9%) pregnancy of 1 (2.3%) patient affected by lupic nephritis (SLE).Results:During the period considered, apheresis sessions applied to pregnant women were 7.1% of the total (n = 13.251). The average age at the first treatment was 33 years (range 24-43). The mean management age at the first apheretic treatment was 21 weeks (range 4-32). Twelve (1.4%) apheresis sessions were complicated by adverse events, none required or prolonged hospitalization. There were 44 (86.3%) live births, 3 (5.9%) spontaneous abortions and 2 (3.9%) voluntary terminations of pregnancy, 2 (3.9%) lost to follow-up. The average gestational age at birth was 35 weeks (range 24-37) and cesarean section was performed in 41 (80.4%) cases. TA was added to conventional therapy in 24/29 (82.7%) patients with APS, to the detection of fetal cardiac activity, while in 5/26 (17.3%) it was introduced when the first signs of pregnancy complications such as mild preclampsia, HELLP and IUGR were detected. TA was started within 24 hours of atrioventricular block (AVB) detection; 10/20 (50%) mothers with CHB were diagnosed with 2nd degree AVB, 9/20 (45%) with 3rd degree AVB and one (5%) with sinus bradycardia and endocardial fibroelastosis. The patient with SSc was treated with TA twice a week from the 32nd SG until delivery, which occurred at the 36th SG, due to severe IUGR and oligohydramnios. The patient with SLE complicated by lupic nephritis was treated with TA twice a week, from the 26th SG until the birth, which took place at the 31st SG.Conclusion:Our data have shown that TA in pregnancy is well tolerated. Close collaboration between rheumatologist, obstetrician and specialist in TA is essential to ensure a successful outcome of high-risk pregnancies.Disclosure of Interests: :Anna Colpo: None declared, Piero Marson: None declared, Tiziana Tison: None declared, Alessandra Zambon: None declared, Annalisa La Rosa: None declared, Ermella Zanetti: None declared, Amelia Ruffatti: None declared, Giustina De Silvestro: None declared, Ariela Hoxha Speakers bureau: Celgene, UCB, Novartis, Sanofi, Werfen
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Fiorenza P, Alessandrino MS, Carbone B, Di Martino C, Russo A, Saggio M, Venuto C, Zanetti E, Giannazzo F, Roccaforte F. Understanding the role of threading dislocations on 4H-SiC MOSFET breakdown under high temperature reverse bias stress. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:125203. [PMID: 31816608 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5ff6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The origin of dielectric breakdown was studied on 4H-SiC MOSFETs that failed after three months of high temperature reverse bias stress. A local inspection of the failed devices demonstrated the presence of a threading dislocation (TD) at the breakdown location. The nanoscale origin of the dielectric breakdown was highlighted with advanced high-spatial-resolution scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques. In particular, SPM revealed the conductive nature of the TD and a local increase of the minority carrier concentration close to the defect. Numerical simulations estimated a hole concentration 13 orders of magnitude larger than in the ideal 4H-SiC crystal. The hole injection in specific regions of the device explained the failure of the gate oxide under stress. In this way, the key role of the TD in the dielectric breakdown of 4H-SiC MOSFET was unambiguously demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fiorenza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII, n.5 Zona Industriale, I-95121 Catania, Italy
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21
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Fragliasso V, Verma A, Manzotti G, Tameni A, Bareja R, Heavican TB, Iqbal J, Wang R, Fiore D, Mularoni V, Chan WC, Lhoumaud P, Skok J, Zanetti E, Merli F, Ciarrocchi A, Elemento O, Inghirami G. The novel lncRNA BlackMamba controls the neoplastic phenotype of ALK - anaplastic large cell lymphoma by regulating the DNA helicase HELLS. Leukemia 2020; 34:2964-2980. [PMID: 32123306 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms leading to the transformation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase negative (ALK-) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) have been only in part elucidated. To identify new culprits which promote and drive ALCL, we performed a total transcriptome sequencing and discovered 1208 previously unknown intergenic long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including 18 lncRNAs preferentially expressed in ALCL. We selected an unknown lncRNA, BlackMamba, with an ALK- ALCL preferential expression, for molecular and functional studies. BlackMamba is a chromatin-associated lncRNA regulated by STAT3 via a canonical transcriptional signaling pathway. Knockdown experiments demonstrated that BlackMamba contributes to the pathogenesis of ALCL regulating cell growth and cell morphology. Mechanistically, BlackMamba interacts with the DNA helicase HELLS controlling its recruitment to the promoter regions of cell-architecture-related genes, fostering their expression. Collectively, these findings provide evidence of a previously unknown tumorigenic role of STAT3 via a lncRNA-DNA helicase axis and reveal an undiscovered role for lncRNA in the maintenance of the neoplastic phenotype of ALK-ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine & Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gloria Manzotti
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tameni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine & Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Tayla B Heavican
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Danilo Fiore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Valentina Mularoni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Priscillia Lhoumaud
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jane Skok
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy.
| | - Oliver Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine & Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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22
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Piana S, Zanetti E, Bisagni A, Ciarrocchi A, Giordano D, Torricelli F, Rossi T, Ragazzi M. Expression of NOTCH1 in thyroid cancer is mostly restricted to papillary carcinoma. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:1089-1096. [PMID: 31265994 PMCID: PMC6652246 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The NOTCH signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that regulates cell-cell interactions. NOTCH family members play a fundamental role in a variety of processes during development in particular in cell fate decisions. As other crucial factors during embryogenesis, NOTCH signaling is aberrantly reactivated in cancer where it has been linked to context-dependent effects. In thyroid cancer, NOTCH1 expression has been associated to aggressive features even if its in vivo expression within the entire spectrum of thyroid tumors has not definitively established. A series of 106 thyroid specimens including non-neoplastic lesions, benign and malignant tumors of common and rare histotypes, were investigated by immunohistochemistry to assess NOTCH1 expression. Extent of positivity and protein localization were investigated and correlated with clinical and morphological parameters. NOTCH1 positivity was predominantly associated with papillary carcinomas and only occasionally found in follicular carcinomas. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas showed only a partial positivity. NOTCH1 expression pattern also seemed differently distributed according to histotype. Our data confirm a role of NOTCH1 in thyroid cancer and highlight for the first time the specific involvement of this pathway in papillary carcinomas. Our data also indicate that other thyroid malignancies do not rely on NOTCH1 signaling for development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Davide Giordano
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Teresa Rossi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL – IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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23
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Mandrioli M, Zanetti E, Nardelli A, Manicardi GC. Potential role of the heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) in buffering mutations to favour cyclical parthenogenesis in the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae (Aphididae, Hemiptera). Bull Entomol Res 2019; 109:426-434. [PMID: 30205853 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins 90 (hsp90s) are a class of molecules able to stabilize a network of 'client' proteins that are involved in several processes. Furthermore, recent studies indicated that mutations in the hsp90-encoding gene induce a wide range of phenotypic abnormalities, which have been interpreted as an increased sensitivity of different developmental pathways to hidden/cryptic mutations. In order to verify the role of hsp90 in aphids, we amplified and sequenced the hsp90 gene in 17 lineages of the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) looking for the presence of mutations. In particular, we compared lineages with different reproductive modes (obligate vs. cyclical parthenogenesis), propensity to develop winged females and karyotype stability. Differently from the cyclical parthenogenetic lineages that possessed functional hsp90 genes, the seven analysed asexual lineages showed severe mutations (including frameshift and non-sense mutations). In vivo functional assays with the hsp90-inhibitor geldanamycin showed that some lineages with cyclical parthenogenesis may lose their ability to induce sexuales in the absence of active hsp90 revealing the presence of cryptic mutations in their genomes. As a whole, our data suggest that hsp90 could play in aphids a role in buffering hidden/cryptic mutations that disrupt cyclical parthenogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mandrioli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Biology Building, via Campi 213/D, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - E Zanetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Biology Building, via Campi 213/D, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - A Nardelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Biology Building, via Campi 213/D, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - G C Manicardi
- Padiglione Besta, via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, 42100, Italy
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24
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Kuhn E, Ragazzi M, Ciarrocchi A, Torricelli F, de Biase D, Zanetti E, Bisagni A, Corrado S, Uccella S, La Rosa S, Bongiovanni M, Losito S, Piana S. Angiosarcoma and anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid are two distinct entities: a morphologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic study. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:787-798. [PMID: 30723294 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma and anaplastic carcinoma are the most lethal neoplasms of the thyroid worldwide and share some similarities, which have led to a longstanding controversy on their etiopathological relationship. Thyroid angiosarcomas are characterized by vessel formation and an immunophenotype common to endothelial cells, while anaplastic carcinomas are partially or wholly composed of mesenchymal-like cells that have lost the morphologic and functional features of normal thyroid follicular cells. To investigate whether angiosarcomas represent the endothelial extreme of the differentiation spectrum of carcinomas or they are bona fide vascular neoplasms, we studied the clinico-morphologic and genetic characteristics of a series of 10 angiosarcomas and 22 anaplastic carcinomas. Immunohistochemically, among the endothelial markers, CD31 and ERG were the most consistently expressed in angiosarcomas. Among the markers of thyroid origin, PAX8 was the most reliable in anaplastic carcinomas, while TTF-1 reactivity was found in only 5% of anaplastic carcinomas and thyroglobulin was always negative. Pankeratin reacted with most angiosarcomas and anaplastic carcinomas and is therefore not useful in the differential diagnosis. Interestingly a mutated pattern of p53 immunostaining prompted a diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma. To compare the genetic profile, we used the NGS approach to sequence hotspot regions within a panel of 57 genes. As a result, only a few mutations were found in angiosarcomas and all of them were single events (no TP53 or TERT mutation). On the other hand, anaplastic carcinomas were characterized by a higher number of mutations, and TP53 and TERT promoter mutations were the most frequent genetic alterations. The lack in angiosarcomas of the common mutations identified in anaplastic carcinomas supports a different genetic origin and strongly suggests that, in spite of a shared sarcomatous morphology and a similar clinical aggressiveness, angiosarcomas and anaplastic carcinomas rely on a completely different set of genetic alterations during their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Kuhn
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie) - Molecular Pathology Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Corrado
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Uccella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insumbria, Varese, Italy
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Bongiovanni
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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25
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Viale E, Zanetti E, Özdemir D, Broccanello C, Dalmasso A, De Marchi M, Cassandro M. Development and validation of a novel SNP panel for the genetic characterization of Italian chicken breeds by next-generation sequencing discovery and array genotyping. Poult Sci 2018; 96:3858-3866. [PMID: 29050437 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the intra and inter genetic variability and population structure of 7 indigenous chicken breeds of the Veneto region, through a novel panel of 64 SNP, each located in an exonic region and mostly on different chromosomes. A total of 753 blood samples from 7 local chicken breeds (Ermellinata di Rovigo, Millefiori di Lonigo, Polverara, Pepòi, Robusta Lionata, Robusta Maculata, and Padovana) was collected and analyzed. Two strains of Polverara (Nera and Bianca) and Padovana (Dorata and Camosciata) were included in the study. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.124 (Pèpoi) to 0.244 (Ermellinata di Rovigo), and the expected heterozygosity varied from 0.132 (Millefiori di Lonigo) to 0.300 (Ermellinata di Rovigo). Global FIS results (0.114) indicated a low-medium inbreeding effect, with values ranging from 0.008 (Millefiori di Lonigo) to 0.223 (Ermellinata di Rovigo). Pairwise FST values (0.167) for all populations ranged from 0.020 (Polverara Nera and Polverara Bianca) to 0.193 (Robusta Lionata and Polverara Nera), indicating that the studied breeds were genetically highly differentiated. The software STRUCTURE was used to detect the presence of population substructures, and the most probable number of clusters (K) of the 10 chicken populations was at K = 8. The affiliation was successful in all Veneto chicken breeds. The present SNP marker results, compared with previous data obtained using microsatellites, provided a reliable estimate of genetic diversity within and between the studied breeds, and demonstrated the utility of the proposed panel as a rapid, efficient, and cost-effective tool for periodical monitoring of the genetic variability among poultry populations. In addition, the present SNP panel could represent a resource for a systematic approach with relevant impact on breeding program decisions and could turn out to be a reliable tool for genetic traceability of indigenous chicken meat. Adoption of a periodical monitoring system of genetic diversity is a fundamental tool in conservation actions and should increase the value of typical and niche products.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Viale
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - E Zanetti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - D Özdemir
- Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - C Broccanello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Dalmasso
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - M De Marchi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Cassandro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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26
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Zanelli M, Zanetti E, Bisagni A, Di Fabio S, Cremaschi F, Montanari P, Mengoli MC, De Marco L. Severe acute colitis related to levodopa treatment. Pathologica 2018; 110:75-77. [PMID: 30259915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The first case of severe drug-induced gastrointestinal injury related to levodopa is described. The 86-year-old patient experienced acute colitis temporally related to the intake of the drug with complete resolution of symptoms on levodopa withdrawal. Awareness of the possibility of a levodopa-related damage on colon biopsies performed for acute colitis is of paramount importance for pathologists. However, in order to exclude or confirm a drug-related damage an effective communications between clinicians and pathologists is always required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - E Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - A Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - S Di Fabio
- Medicine Department, Franchini Hospital, Montecchio Emilia, Reggio Emilia
| | - F Cremaschi
- Pharmaceutical Department, Borgotaro Hospital, Ausl Parma
| | - P Montanari
- Medicine Department, Franchini Hospital, Montecchio Emilia, Reggio Emilia
| | - M C Mengoli
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - L De Marco
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
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27
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Bortesi M, Martino V, Marchetti M, Cavazza A, Gardini G, Zanetti E, Bassi MC, Ghirotto L, Costantini M, Piana S. Pathologist’s assistant (PathA) and his/her role in the surgical pathology department: a systematic review and a narrative synthesis. Virchows Arch 2018; 472:1041-1054. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Gandolfi G, Ragazzi M, de Biase D, Visani M, Zanetti E, Torricelli F, Sancisi V, Gugnoni M, Manzotti G, Braglia L, Cavuto S, Merlo DF, Tallini G, Frasoldati A, Piana S, Ciarrocchi A. Genome-wide profiling identifies the THYT1 signature as a distinctive feature of widely metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas. Oncotarget 2018; 9:1813-1825. [PMID: 29416733 PMCID: PMC5788601 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas (PTCs) are generally indolent tumors. However, a small but significant percentage of PTCs behaves aggressively, progressing to a diffuse metastatic spreading and leading to patient's death. The lack of reliable markers for predicting the metastatic behavior of these tumors prevents a correct risk based stratification of the disease, thus contributing to the issue of patients' overtreatment. In this study we aimed at identifying genetic features associated with the development of distant metastasis in PTCs. RESULTS We showed that DM PTCs are characterized by a moderate degree of copy number alterations but display low level of microsatellite instability and a low mutational burden. We identified duplication of Chr1q, duplication of Chr5p harboring the TERT genomic locus and mutations of TERT promoter as distinctive features of DM PTCs. These three genetic variables defined a signature (THYT1) that was significantly associated with a metastatic behavior and a shortened survival. We analyzed the THYT1 signature in PTCs fine needle aspirate biopsies (FNAB) and we demonstrating the applicability of this signature as a molecular marker in the pre-operative diagnostic setting of PTCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A consecutive series of 2,937 thyroid malignancies, diagnosed at the Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Italy between 1978 and 2015 were searched to retrieve those who developed distant metastasis (DM, n = 50). We performed a deep profiling to explore the genomic landscape of these tumors. CONCLUSIONS Overall our data identify the first genetic signature that independently predicts metastasis and negative outcome of PTCs, and lay the basis for the possible application of the THYT1 as prognostic marker to improve risk-based stratification and management of PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Gandolfi
- 1 Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- 2 Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- 3 Department of Pharmacology and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Visani
- 4 Department of Medicine, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- 2 Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- 1 Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- 1 Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Mila Gugnoni
- 1 Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Gloria Manzotti
- 1 Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Luca Braglia
- 5 Research and Statistics Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Silvio Cavuto
- 5 Research and Statistics Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Domenico Franco Merlo
- 5 Research and Statistics Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- 4 Department of Medicine, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Frasoldati
- 6 Endocrinology Unit, Azienda Azienda Unitaria Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- 2 Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- 1 Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
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29
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Castaldo A, Zanetti E, Lusignani M, Zani M, Nobili A, Verardi A, Magri M, Ianes A, Ardoino G, Gugiari M, Marano G, Boracchi P, Bonetti L. SUN-P219: The Prevalence of Malnutrition Associated with Food Intake in Nursing Homes. A Multicenter Cross Sectional Study. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)30409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Castaldo A, Zanetti E, Lusignani M, Gugiari M, Nobili A, Zani M, Verardi A, Magri M, Ianes A, Ardoino G, Bonetti L. MON-P028: Staff Attitudes Towards Nutritional Care for Elderly in Nursing Homes in Italy: A Multicenter Survey. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)31055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Zanelli M, Ragazzi M, Marchetti G, Bisagni A, Principi M, Fanni D, Froio E, Serra S, Zanetti E, De Marco L, Giangaspero F, Ascani S. Primary histiocytic sarcoma presenting as diffuse leptomeningeal disease: Case description and review of the literature. Neuropathology 2017; 37:517-525. [PMID: 28548244 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm arising most commonly in lymph nodes, intestinal tract, skin and soft tissue. The incidence of primary CNS histiocytic sarcoma is even rarer with a total of just 27 cases reported in the literature so far. Herein we describe the first autopsy case of histiocytic sarcoma presenting as a diffuse leptomeningeal disease in absence of a CNS tumor-forming parenchymal lesion. The clinical, pathological and immunophenotypic features are described and an updated literature review on primary CNS histiocytic sarcoma is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Massimo Principi
- Radiology Department, Ospedale di Terni, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniela Fanni
- Pathology Unit, Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Froio
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Serra
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Loredana De Marco
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-pathological Sciences University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCC Neuromed, Porzilli, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Institute of Pathology, Ospedale di Terni, University of Perugia, Italy
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32
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Frazzi R, Zanetti E, Pistoni M, Tamagnini I, Valli R, Braglia L, Merli F. Methylation changes of SIRT1, KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 in B-lymphocytes derived from follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Res 2017; 57:89-96. [PMID: 28324774 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large-B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and follicular lymphomas (FL) are the most represented subtypes among mature B-cell neoplasms and originate from malignant B lymphocytes. Methylation represents one of the major epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a class III lysine-deacetylase playing several functions and considered to be a context-dependent tumor promoter. We present the quantitative methylation, gene expression and tissue distribution of SIRT1 and some key mediators related to lymphoma pathogenesis in B lymphocytes purified from biopsies of follicular hyperplasias, FL and DLBCL. SIRT1 mRNA levels are higher in FL than follicular hyperplasias and DLBCL. B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) positively correlates with SIRT1. SIRT1 promoter shows a methylation decrease in the order: follicular hyperplasia - FL - DLBCL. Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) and Spastic Paraplegia 20 (SPG20) methylation increase significantly in FL and DLBCL compared to follicular hyperplasias. Gene expression of DAPK1 and SPG20 inversely correlates with their degree of methylation. Our findings evidence a positive correlation between SIRT1 and BCL6 expression increase in FL. SIRT1 methylation decreases in FL and DLBCL accordingly and this parallels the increase of KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Frazzi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Mariaelena Pistoni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Ione Tamagnini
- Pathology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Valli
- Pathology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Luca Braglia
- Scientific Direction, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Umberto I, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Frazzi R, Zanetti E, Pistoni M, Tamagnini I, Valli R, Merli F. Abstract 4451: Different patterns of SIRT1, KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 methylation in B lymphocytes correlate with the clinical parameters of non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. DNA methylation is one of the best studied epigenetic modifications and one major constituent of the epigenome of a cell. It contributes to normal development as well to carcinogenesis. Nowadays, many efforts are being made in order to use DNA methylation as a biomarker. The aim of our work is to characterize the expression and methylation of SIRT1, HIC1, BCL6, KLF4 and other genes relevant for Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) pathogenesis. Methods. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 72 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections (FFPE). B-lymphocytes were purified from 36 biopsies of follicular hyperplasias (non-malignant B-lymphocytes), follicular lymphomas (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Gene expression were analysed by quantitative retrotranscribedPCR (qRTPCR). Quantitative CpG promoter methylation analysis was performed by pyrosequencing after bisulfite conversion or by Methyl II array qPCR on genomic DNA. Results. In a total of 72 FFPE samples of follicular hyperplasias (n = 17), FL (n = 36) and DLBCL (n = 19), SIRT1 staining is localized in the germinal center of the majority of follicular hyperplasias and FL samples. SIRT1 localizes preferentially in the centroblasts of the GC of the follicles where it correlates with Ki67. BCL6 is uniformly positive in follicular hyperplasias and FL, but heterogeneously distributed in DLBCL. Interestingly, SIRT1 and BCL6 expression correlate in FL.
By quantitative pyrosequencing we analyzed 3 CpG sites for the SIRT1 promoter (corresponding to the binding sites for CREB, ARID and PPARG transcription factors). Follicular hyperplasias display higher methylation levels (52.88%) than FL (38.36%) and DLBCL (32.65%) on SIRT1 promoter suggesting a possible inverse correlation between tumor aggressiveness and SIRT1 methylation.
Next, we selected a panel of genes whose expression is linked to lymphoma pathogenesis. By Methyl II array qPCR, we show that BCL6 methylation does not vary among samples. KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20, show statistically significant methylation increases in FL and DLBCL compared to follicular hyperplasias, indicating a possible role of these proteins in lymphoma pathogenesis. On the contrary, no significant differences are observed for the other markers MZB1, MGMT, LMO2 and ASXL1. Notably, KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 mRNA expression levels anti-correlate with their promoter methylation in FL.
Conclusions. Epigenetic changes in SIRT1 methylation inversely correlate with NHL aggressiveness (decreasing in the order: follicular hyperplasias - FL - DLBCL), while KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 show a methylation increase that correlates with tumor aggressiveness. These data suggest that different patterns of methylation correlate with the clinical and prognostic parameters of these NHL subtypes.
Citation Format: Raffaele Frazzi, Eleonora Zanetti, Mariaelena Pistoni, Ione Tamagnini, Riccardo Valli, Francesco Merli. Different patterns of SIRT1, KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 methylation in B lymphocytes correlate with the clinical parameters of non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4451.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Frazzi
- 1Translational Research Laboratory, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- 1Translational Research Laboratory, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Pistoni
- 1Translational Research Laboratory, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ione Tamagnini
- 2Pathology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Valli
- 2Pathology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Merli
- 3Hematology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Cecchinato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - F. Maretto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - E. Zanetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - P. Carnier
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
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Zanetti E, Gervaso M, Dalvit C, Cassandro M. Genetic diversity in some local chicken breeds using microsatellite markers. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Zanetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - M. Gervaso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - C. Dalvit
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - M. Cassandro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
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Riva G, Luppi M, Lagreca I, Barozzi P, Quadrelli C, Vallerini D, Zanetti E, Basso S, Forghieri F, Morselli M, Maccaferri M, Paolini A, Fantuzzi V, Messerotti A, Maffei R, Iacobucci I, Martinelli G, Marasca R, Narni F, Comoli P, Potenza L. Long-term molecular remission with persistence ofBCR-ABL1-specific cytotoxic T cells following imatinib withdrawal in an elderly patient with Philadelphia-positive ALL. Br J Haematol 2013; 164:299-302. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Riva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Mario Luppi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Ivana Lagreca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Patrizia Barozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Chiara Quadrelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Daniela Vallerini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Sabrina Basso
- Pediatric Haematology/Oncology Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Fabio Forghieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Monica Morselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Monica Maccaferri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Ambra Paolini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Valeria Fantuzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Andrea Messerotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Rossana Maffei
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Experimental; Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine; Institute of Haematology “L. e A. Seragnoli”; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental; Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine; Institute of Haematology “L. e A. Seragnoli”; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Roberto Marasca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Franco Narni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
| | - Patrizia Comoli
- Pediatric Haematology/Oncology Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Leonardo Potenza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Haematology Unit; AOU Policlinico; Modena Italy
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Potenza L, Vallerini D, Barozzi P, Riva G, Forghieri F, Beauvais A, Beau R, Candoni A, Maertens J, Rossi G, Morselli M, Zanetti E, Quadrelli C, Codeluppi M, Guaraldi G, Pagano L, Caira M, Giovane CD, Maccaferri M, Stefani A, Morandi U, Tazzioli G, Girardis M, Delia M, Specchia G, Longo G, Marasca R, Narni F, Merli F, Imovilli A, Apolone G, Carvalho A, Comoli P, Romani L, Latgè JP, Luppi M. Characterization of specific immune responses to different Aspergillus antigens during the course of invasive Aspergillosis in hematologic patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74326. [PMID: 24023936 PMCID: PMC3762751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies in mouse model of invasive aspergillosis (IA) and in healthy donors have shown that different Aspergillus antigens may stimulate different adaptive immune responses. However, the occurrence of Aspergillus-specific T cells have not yet been reported in patients with the disease. In patients with IA, we have investigated during the infection: a) whether and how specific T-cell responses to different Aspergillus antigens occur and develop; b) which antigens elicit the highest frequencies of protective immune responses and, c) whether such protective T cells could be expanded ex-vivo. Forty hematologic patients have been studied, including 22 patients with IA and 18 controls. Specific T cells producing IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17A have been characterized through enzyme linked immunospot and cytokine secretion assays on 88 peripheral blood (PB) samples, by using the following recombinant antigens: GEL1p, CRF1p, PEP1p, SOD1p, α1–3glucan, β1–3glucan, galactomannan. Specific T cells were expanded through short term culture. Aspergillus-specific T cells producing non-protective interleukin-10 (IL-10) and protective interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) have been detected to all the antigens only in IA patients. Lower numbers of specific T cells producing IL-4 and IL-17A have also been shown. Protective T cells targeted predominantly Aspergillus cell wall antigens, tended to increase during the IA course and to be associated with a better clinical outcome. Aspergillus-specific T cells could be successfully generated from the PB of 8 out of 8 patients with IA and included cytotoxic subsets able to lyse Aspergillus hyphae. Aspergillus specific T-cell responses contribute to the clearance of the pathogen in immunosuppressed patients with IA and Aspergillus cell wall antigens are those mainly targeted by protective immune responses. Cytotoxic specific T cells can be expanded from immunosuppressed patients even during the infection by using the above mentioned antigens. These findings may be exploited for immunotherapeutic purposes in patients with IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Potenza
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Vallerini
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Barozzi
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Riva
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Forghieri
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Anne Beauvais
- Unitè des Aspergillus, Pasteur Institut, Paris, France
| | - Remi Beau
- Unitè des Aspergillus, Pasteur Institut, Paris, France
| | - Anna Candoni
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Udine, Italy
| | - Johan Maertens
- Department of Hematology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giulio Rossi
- Section of Histopathology, IRCCS/Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova Reggio, Emilia, Italy
| | - Monica Morselli
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Quadrelli
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Mauro Codeluppi
- Infectious Diseases Clinics, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Guaraldi
- Infectious Diseases Clinics, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Pagano
- Department of Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Morena Caira
- Department of Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Del Giovane
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Monica Maccaferri
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stefani
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Uliano Morandi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tazzioli
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Girardis
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Delia
- Hematology Department, DAP, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Longo
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Marasca
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Franco Narni
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Merli
- Division of Hematology, IRCCS/Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova Reggio, Emilia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Imovilli
- Division of Hematology, IRCCS/Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova Reggio, Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Apolone
- Division of Hematology, IRCCS/Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova Reggio, Emilia, Italy
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Comoli
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Transplantation, IRCCS S. Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Mario Luppi
- Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, Modena, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Riva G, Barozzi P, Quadrelli C, Vallerini D, Zanetti E, Forghieri F, Chiereghin A, Libri I, Maggiore U, Buzio C, Lazzarotto T, Narni F, Luppi M, Potenza L. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection and related diseases in Italian transplant cohorts. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:1619-20. [PMID: 23721558 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Street ME, Spaggiari C, Ziveri MA, Rossi M, Volta C, Viani I, Grzincich GL, Sartori C, Zanzucchi M, Raia V, Terzi C, Pisi G, Zanetti E, Boguszewski MCS, Kamoi TO, Bernasconi S. Insulin production and resistance in cystic fibrosis: effect of age, disease activity, and genotype. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:246-53. [PMID: 21483232 DOI: 10.3275/7628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the major determinants of glucose tolerance between age, genotype, and clinical status in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, and study if defects of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were associated with the onset of CF-related diabetes (CFRD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and nineteen patients, in stable clinical condition were studied. They were subdivided into 3 groups based on age, and 2 groups based on Schwachman-Kulczycki clinical score. All patients were genotyped, and subsequently divided into 3 groups. Ninety-four healthy normal-weight controls, comparable for sex and age were also studied. All subjects had baseline blood samples taken for glucose and insulin, C-peptide, and glycated hemoglobin. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting glucose/insulin ratio (FGIR) were calculated as indices of IR and insulinogenic index as a marker of pancreatic β-cell function. All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, and 57 underwent an IVGTT for the calculation of first-phase (FPIR) and acute insulin responses (AIR). RESULTS The F508del homozygous patients had an increased chance of developing impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and significantly lower FPIR, decreased HOMA-IR, and insulinogenic index. Heterozygote F508del patients had an increased chance of having normal glucose tolerance. HOMA-IR, FGIR, and insulinogenic index did not change with age or clinical score. HOMAIR correlated with FPIR. FPIR correlated positively with insulinogenic index. AIR correlated negatively with FGIR, and positively with C-reactive protein. In multiple linear regression analyses, glucose tolerance was related to the agegroup, and to the HOMA-IR and insulinogenic indexes. CONCLUSIONS IGT and CFRD were related mainly to genotype, although, as expected, the prevalence increased with age. The data suggested a possible combined contribution of insulin deficiency, β-cell function, and reduced insulin sensitivity to the onset of CFRD; however, further studies are warranted to better elucidate this aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Street
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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Potenza L, Barozzi P, Rossi G, Riva G, Vallerini D, Zanetti E, Quadrelli C, Morselli M, Forghieri F, Maccaferri M, Paolini A, Marasca R, Narni F, Luppi M. May the indirect effects of CIHHV-6 in transplant patients be exerted through the reactivation of the viral replicative machinery? Transplantation 2011; 92:e49-51, author reply e51-2. [PMID: 22027897 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3182339d1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zanetti E, De Marchi M, Abbadi M, Cassandro M. Variation of genetic diversity over time in local Italian chicken breeds undergoing in situ conservation. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2195-201. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Zanetti E, Yalçın S, Guler C, Cassandro M. A note on the effect of pre-slaughter transport duration on nutrient composition and fatty acid profile of broiler breast meat. J Anim Feed Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/66196/2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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De Marchi M, Penasa M, Battagin M, Zanetti E, Pulici C, Cassandro M. Feasibility of the direct application of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy on intact chicken breasts to predict meat color and physical traits. Poult Sci 2011; 90:1594-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Forghieri F, Morselli M, Potenza L, Maccaferri M, Pedrazzi L, Coluccio V, Barozzi P, Vallerini D, Riva G, Zanetti E, Quarelli C, Bonacorsi G, Artusi T, Zaldini P, Zucchini P, Marasca R, Narni F, Falini B, Torelli G, Luppi M. A case of JAK2 V617F-positive myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with unusual morphology, resembling acute promyelocytic leukemia-like disorder with a chronic course. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:2012-9. [PMID: 21635206 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.584990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Giaroni C, Zanetti E, Giuliani D, Oldrini R, Marchet S, Moro E, Borroni P, Trinchera M, Crema F, Lecchini S, Frigo G. Protein kinase C modulates NMDA receptors in the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig ileum during in vitro ischemia and reperfusion. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 23:e91-103. [PMID: 21159064 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01644.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic episodes lead to profound functional and structural alterations of the gastrointestinal tract which may contribute to disorders of intestinal motility. Enhancement of glutamate overflow and the consequent activation of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors may participate to such changes by modulating different enteric neurotransmitter systems, including cholinergic motor pathways. METHODS The molecular mechanism/s underlying activation of NMDA receptors in the guinea pig ileum were investigated after glucose/oxygen deprivation (in vitro ischemia) and during reperfusion. KEY RESULTS The number of ileal myenteric neurons positive for NR1, the functional subunit of NMDA receptors, and its mRNA levels were unchanged after in vitro ischemia/reperfusion. In these conditions, the protein levels of NR1, and of its phosphorylated form by protein kinase C (PKC), significantly increased in myenteric neurons, whereas, the levels of NR1 phosphorylated by protein kinase A (PKA) did not change, with respect to control values. Spontaneous glutamate overflow increased during in vitro ischemia/reperfusion. In these conditions, the NMDA receptor antagonists, D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid [(D)-AP5] (10 μmol L(-1)) and 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid (5,7-diClKyn acid) (10 μmol L(-1)) and the PKC antagonist, chelerythrine (1 μmol L(-1)), but not the PKA antagonist, H-89 (1 μmol L(-1)), were able to significantly depress the increased glutamate efflux. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The present data suggest that in the guinea pig ileum during in vitro ischemia/reperfusion, NR1 protein levels increase. Such event may rely upon posttranscriptional events involving NR1 phosphorylation by PKC. Increased NR1 levels may, at least in part, explain the ability of NMDA receptors to modulate a positive feedback on ischemia/reperfusion-induced glutamate overflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giaroni
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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Zanetti E, De Marchi M, Dalvit C, Cassandro M. Genetic characterization of local Italian breeds of chickens undergoing in situ conservation. Poult Sci 2010; 89:420-7. [PMID: 20181856 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine genetic variation and to analyze population structure of 6 Italian local chicken breeds involved in a conservation program. Twenty microsatellite markers were investigated in 337 birds belonging to 6 breeds: Ermellinata di Rovigo, Robusta Maculata, Robusta Lionata, Pépoi, Padovana, and Polverara; a commercial layer cross was used as reference. One hundred twelve alleles were detected in the overall population, with a mean number of 5.6 +/- 2.1 alleles per locus. For the local breeds, the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from a minimum of 0.240 to a maximum of 0.413 and from 0.243 to 0.463 for the Pépoi and Polverara breeds, respectively. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in 5 breeds and in the commercial cross. The overall population heterozygote deficiency was 0.427, the average inbreeding coefficient was 0.097, and the heterozygote deficiency due to breed subdivisions was 0.437. Reynolds' distances were used to draw an unrooted neighbor-joining tree, which topology gave information on the genetic origin of these breeds and confirmed their known history. The estimated molecular kinship within a breed ranged from 0.559 to 0.769, evidencing high coancestry. Structure analysis was performed to detect the presence of population substructures. Inferred clusters corresponded to the different breeds, without presence of admixture. The exception was the Polverara breed, for which a more complex genetic structure was found. The results supported the decision of safeguarding these breeds as an important reservoir of genetic diversity and confirmed the usefulness of microsatellite markers to characterize and to monitor genetic variability in local chicken breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zanetti
- Department of Animal Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Forghieri F, Potenza L, Barozzi P, Vallerini D, Riva G, Zanetti E, Quadrelli C, Torelli G, Luppi M. HHV-6 and atypical lymphoproliferative disorders: are only qualitative molecular examinations sufficient to support a pathogenetic role? Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51:565-7. [PMID: 20141437 DOI: 10.3109/10428190903528286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Forghieri F, Potenza L, Morselli M, Maccaferri M, Pedrazzi L, Barozzi P, Vallerini D, Riva G, Zanetti E, Quadrelli C, Rossi G, Rivasi F, Messino' M, Rumpianesi F, Grottola A, Venturelli C, Pecorari M, Codeluppi M, Torelli G, Luppi M. Organising pneumonia mimicking invasive fungal disease in patients with leukaemia. Eur J Haematol 2010; 85:76-82. [PMID: 20148942 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2010.01427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinical charts from 63 consecutive highly immunocompromised haematologic patients presenting with pulmonary nodular lesions on CT scan, classified as either probable or possible invasive fungal disease (IFD) according to the revised EORTC/MSG classification, were retrospectively studied. Histopathological analysis of lung tissues, available for 23 patients, demonstrated proven IFD in 17 cases (14 invasive aspergillosis and 3 invasive zygomycosis), diffuse alveolar damage in one and organising pneumonia (OP) in five cases. In the OP cases, three of which have been defined as probable IFD according to EORTC/MSG classification, extensive immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological analyses for fungi were negative. Our case descriptions extend the notion that OP may be encountered as a distinct histopathological entity in pulmonary nodular lesions in patients with leukaemia with probable/possible IFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Forghieri
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Respiratory Diseases, Section of Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
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Potenza L, Barozzi P, Vallerini D, Zanetti E, Torelli G, Luppi M. Diagnosis of aspergillosis: Role of proteomics. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12281-009-0030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dalvit C, De Marchi M, Zanetti E, Cassandro M. Genetic variation and population structure of Italian native sheep breeds undergoing in situ conservation. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:3837-44. [PMID: 19717776 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic variability and presence of population substructures in 4 native Northern Italian sheep breeds, Alpagota, Brogna, Foza, and Lamon, undergoing in situ conservation, and 1 widespread Italian breed, Bergamasca, were studied by investigating 19 microsatellite markers. The breeds showed considerable genetic variability in terms of number of alleles and heterozygosity, with the exception of Alpagota, which was the least variable (0.607). Nevertheless, a significant deficit of heterozygotes was observed in each breed due to rather increased levels of inbreeding or to the presence of population substructures, probably caused by increased genetic variation in the founder populations. The analyses evidenced clear genetic differentiation (F(ST) = 0.085), reduced levels of admixture, and presence of private alleles among the breeds, confirming their genetic uniqueness. In particular, according to Reynolds genetic distances, Alpagota was the most differentiated, perhaps because it had been bred mostly in a rather isolated area. Loss of any of the investigated breeds would result in a loss of genetic diversity ranging from 0.5 to 1.6% of the total observed gene diversity. Results supported the decision to safeguard these breeds as important reservoirs of genetic diversity and suggested breeding and mating practices to maintain variability and to overcome within-breed substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dalvit
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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