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Shirzadi S, Dadgostar M, Einalou Z, Erdoğan SB, Akin A. Sex based differences in functional connectivity during a working memory task: an fNIRS study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1207202. [PMID: 38390414 PMCID: PMC10881810 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1207202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Differences in corticocerebral structure and function between males and females and their effects on behavior and the prevalence of various neuropsychiatric disorders have been considered as a fundamental topic in various fields of neuroscience. Recent studies on working memory (WM) reported the impact of sex on brain connectivity patterns, which reflect the important role of functional connectivity in the sex topic. Working memory, one of the most important cognitive tasks performed by regions of the PFC, can provide evidence regarding the presence of a difference between males and females. The present study aimed to assess sex differences in brain functional connectivity during working memory-related tasks by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In this regard, nine males and nine females completed a dual n-back working memory task with two target inputs of color and location stimuli in three difficulty levels (n = 0, 1, 2). Functional connectivity matrices were extracted for each subject for each memory load level. Females made less errors than males while spending more time performing the task for all workload levels except in 0-back related to the color stimulus, where the reaction time of females was shorter than males. The results of functional connectivity reveal the inverse behavior of two hemispheres at different memory workload levels between males and females. In the left hemisphere, males exhibited stronger connectivity compared to the females, while stronger connectivity was observed in the females' right hemisphere. Furthermore, an inverse trend was detected in the channel pairs with significant connectivity in the right hemisphere of males (falling) and females (rising) by enhancing working memory load level. Considering both behavioral and functional results for two sexes demonstrated a better performance in females due to the more effective use of the brain. The results indicate that sex affects functional connectivity between different areas in both hemispheres of the brain during cognitive tasks of varying difficulty levels although the general impression is that spatial capabilities are considered as a performance of the brain's right hemisphere. These results reinforce the presence of a sex effect in the functional imaging studies of hemodynamic function and emphasize the importance of evaluating brain network connectivity for achieving a better scientific understanding of sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Shirzadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Dadgostar
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Zahra Einalou
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Sinem Burcu Erdoğan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ata Akin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Hobbs NZ, Papoutsi M, Delva A, Kinnunen KM, Nakajima M, Van Laere K, Vandenberghe W, Herath P, Scahill RI. Neuroimaging to Facilitate Clinical Trials in Huntington's Disease: Current Opinion from the EHDN Imaging Working Group. J Huntingtons Dis 2024; 13:163-199. [PMID: 38788082 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-240016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimaging is increasingly being included in clinical trials of Huntington's disease (HD) for a wide range of purposes from participant selection and safety monitoring, through to demonstration of disease modification. Selection of the appropriate modality and associated analysis tools requires careful consideration. On behalf of the EHDN Imaging Working Group, we present current opinion on the utility and future prospects for inclusion of neuroimaging in HD trials. Covering the key imaging modalities of structural-, functional- and diffusion- MRI, perfusion imaging, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and magnetoencephalography, we address how neuroimaging can be used in HD trials to: 1) Aid patient selection, enrichment, stratification, and safety monitoring; 2) Demonstrate biodistribution, target engagement, and pharmacodynamics; 3) Provide evidence for disease modification; and 4) Understand brain re-organization following therapy. We also present the challenges of translating research methodology into clinical trial settings, including equipment requirements and cost, standardization of acquisition and analysis, patient burden and invasiveness, and interpretation of results. We conclude, that with appropriate consideration of modality, study design and analysis, imaging has huge potential to facilitate effective clinical trials in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Z Hobbs
- HD Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Marina Papoutsi
- HD Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
- IXICO plc, London, UK
| | - Aline Delva
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Koen Van Laere
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Shetty M, Davey MJ, Nixon GM, Walter LM, Horne RSC. Sleep spindles are reduced in children with Down syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02854-1. [PMID: 37845520 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). We investigated sleep spindle activity, as a marker of sleep quality, and its relationship with daytime functioning in children with DS compared to typically developing (TD) children. METHODS Children with DS and SDB (n = 44) and TD children matched for age, sex and SDB severity underwent overnight polysomnography. Fast or Slow sleep spindles were identified manually during N2/N3 sleep. Spindle activity was characterized as spindle number, density (number of spindles/h) and intensity (density × average duration) on central (C) and frontal (F) electrodes. Parents completed the Child Behavior Check List and OSA-18 questionnaires. RESULTS In children with DS, spindle activity was lower compared to TD children for F Slow and F Slow&Fast spindles combined (p < 0.001 for all). Furthermore, there were no correlations between spindle activity and CBCL subscales; however, spindle activity for C Fast and C Slow&Fast was negatively correlated with OSA-18 emotional symptoms and caregiver concerns and C Fast activity was also negatively correlated with daytime function and total problems. CONCLUSIONS Reduced spindle activity in children with DS may underpin the increased sleep disruption and negative effects of SDB on quality of life and behavior. IMPACT Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which is associated with sleep disruption affecting daytime functioning. Sleep spindles are a sensitive marker of sleep quality. We identified for the first time that children with DS had reduced sleep spindle activity compared to typically developing children matched for SDB severity. The reduced spindle activity likely underpins the more disrupted sleep and may be associated with reduced daytime functioning and quality of life and may also be an early biomarker for an increased risk of developing dementia later in life in children with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisha Shetty
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margot J Davey
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Children's Sleep Centre, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gillian M Nixon
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Children's Sleep Centre, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa M Walter
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rosemary S C Horne
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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4
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Shiino S, van Wouwe NC, Wylie SA, Claassen DO, McDonell KE. Huntington disease exacerbates action impulses. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1186465. [PMID: 37397312 PMCID: PMC10312388 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1186465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Impulsivity is a common clinical feature of Huntington disease (HD), but the underlying cognitive dynamics of impulse control in this population have not been well-studied. Objective To investigate the temporal dynamics of action impulse control in HD patients using an inhibitory action control task. Methods Sixteen motor manifest HD patients and seventeen age-matched healthy controls (HC) completed the action control task. We applied the activation-suppression theoretical model and distributional analytic techniques to differentiate the strength of fast impulses from their top-down suppression. Results Overall, HD patients produced slower and less accurate reactions than HCs. HD patients also exhibited an exacerbated interference effect, as evidenced by a greater slowing of RT on non-corresponding compared to corresponding trials. HD patients made more fast, impulsive errors than HC, evidenced by significantly lower accuracy on their fastest reaction time trials. The slope reduction of interference effects as reactions slowed was similar between HD and controls, indicating preserved impulse suppression. Conclusion Our results indicate that patients with HD show a greater susceptibility to act rapidly on incorrect motor impulses but preserved proficiency of top-down suppression. Further research is needed to determine how these findings relate to clinical behavioral symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Shiino
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Scott A. Wylie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Daniel O. Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Katherine E. McDonell
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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The effects of sleep disordered breathing on sleep spindle activity in children and the relationship with sleep, behavior and neurocognition. Sleep Med 2023; 101:468-477. [PMID: 36521367 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep disordered breathing (SDB), has adverse neurocognitive and behavioral sequelae in children, despite conventional measures of sleep disruption being unaffected. There is growing evidence that sleep spindles may serve as a more sensitive marker of sleep quality. We investigated the relationship between sleep spindles and sleep fragmentation and neurocognition across the spectrum of SDB severity in children. METHODS Children 3-12 years old referred for clinical assessment of SDB and age matched control children from the community were recruited and underwent polysomnography. Sleep spindles were identified manually during N2 and N3 sleep. Spindle activity was characterised as spindle number, density (number of spindles/h) and intensity (spindle density x average spindle duration). Children completed a battery of tests assessing global intellectual ability, language, attention, visuospatial ability, sensorimotor skills, adaptive behaviors and skills and problem behaviors and emotional difficulties. RESULTS Children were grouped into control, Primary Snoring, Mild OSA and Moderate/severe OSA, N = 10/group. All measures of spindle activity were lower in the SDB groups compared to the Control children and this reached statistical significance for Mild OSA (p < 0.05 for all). Higher spindle indices were associated with better performance on executive function and visual ability assessments but poorer performance on auditory attention and communication skills. Higher spindle indices were associated with better behavior. CONCLUSION The reduced spindle activity observed in the children with SDB, particularly Mild OSA, indicates that sleep micro-architecture is disrupted and that this disruption may underpin the negative effects of SDB on attention, learning and memory.
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McColgan P, Gregory S, Zeun P, Zarkali A, Johnson EB, Parker C, Fayer K, Lowe J, Nair A, Estevez-Fraga C, Papoutsi M, Zhang H, Scahill RI, Tabrizi SJ, Rees G. Neurofilament light-associated connectivity in young-adult Huntington's disease is related to neuronal genes. Brain 2022; 145:3953-3967. [PMID: 35758263 PMCID: PMC9679168 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of functional network connectivity in the presence of structural degeneration is seen in the premanifest stages of Huntington's disease (preHD) 10-15 years from clinical diagnosis. However, whether widespread network connectivity changes are seen in gene carriers much further from onset has yet to be explored. We characterized functional network connectivity throughout the brain and related it to a measure of disease pathology burden (CSF neurofilament light, NfL) and measures of structural connectivity in asymptomatic gene carriers, on average 24 years from onset. We related these measurements to estimates of cortical and subcortical gene expression. We found no overall differences in functional (or structural) connectivity anywhere in the brain comparing control and preHD participants. However, increased functional connectivity, particularly between posterior cortical areas, correlated with increasing CSF NfL level in preHD participants. Using the Allen Human Brain Atlas and expression-weighted cell-type enrichment analysis, we demonstrated that this functional connectivity upregulation occurred in cortical regions associated with regional expression of genes specific to neuronal cells. This relationship was validated using single-nucleus RNAseq data from post-mortem Huntington's disease and control brains showing enrichment of neuronal-specific genes that are differentially expressed in Huntington's disease. Functional brain networks in asymptomatic preHD gene carriers very far from disease onset show evidence of upregulated connectivity correlating with increased disease burden. These changes occur among brain areas that show regional expression of genes specific to neuronal GABAergic and glutamatergic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter McColgan
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Paul Zeun
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Angeliki Zarkali
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Eileanoir B Johnson
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Christopher Parker
- Department of Computer Science and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Kate Fayer
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jessica Lowe
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Akshay Nair
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Carlos Estevez-Fraga
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marina Papoutsi
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Hui Zhang
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Geraint Rees
- University College London Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
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7
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Tan B, Shishegar R, Oldham S, Fornito A, Poudel G, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Investigating longitudinal changes to frontal cortico-striatal tracts in Huntington's disease: the IMAGE-HD study. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:2457-2466. [PMID: 35768755 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The striatum is the principal site of disease pathology in Huntington's disease and contains neural connections to numerous cortical brain regions. Studies examining abnormalities to neural connections find that white matter integrity is compromised in HD; however, further regional, and longitudinal investigation is required. This paper is the first longitudinal investigation into region-based white-matter integrity changes in Huntington's Disease. The aim of this study was to better understand how disease progression impacts white matter tracts connecting the striatum to the prefrontal and motor cortical regions in HD. We used existing neuroimaging data from IMAGE-HD, comprised of 25 pre-symptomatic, 27 symptomatic, and 25 healthy controls at three separate time points (baseline, 18-months, 30-months). Fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity were derived as measures of white matter microstructure. The anatomical regions of interest were identified using the Desikan-Killiany brain atlas. A Group by Time repeated measures ANCOVA was conducted for each tract of interest and for each measure. We found significantly lower fractional anisotropy and significantly higher radial diffusivity in the symptomatic group, compared to both the pre-symptomatic group and controls (the latter two groups did not differ from each other), in the rostral middle frontal and superior frontal tracts; as well as significantly higher axial diffusivity in the rostral middle tracts only. We did not find a Group by Time interaction for any of the white matter integrity measures. These findings demonstrate that whilst the microstructure of white matter tracts, extending from the striatum to these regions of interest, are compromised during the symptomatic stages of Huntington's disease, 36-month follow-up did not show progressive changes in these measures. Additionally, no correlations were found between clinical measures and tractography changes, indicating further investigations into the relationship between tractography changes and clinical symptoms in Huntington's disease are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Tan
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Rosita Shishegar
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,The Australian E-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, 770 Blackburn Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Stuart Oldham
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, 770 Blackburn Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, 770 Blackburn Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Govinda Poudel
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,Sydney Imaging, Brain and Mind Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia.,The Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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Wijeratne PA, Johnson EB, Gregory S, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Paulsen JS, Scahill RI, Tabrizi SJ, Alexander DC. A Multi-Study Model-Based Evaluation of the Sequence of Imaging and Clinical Biomarker Changes in Huntington's Disease. Front Big Data 2021; 4:662200. [PMID: 34423286 PMCID: PMC8374237 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2021.662200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the order and progression of change in biomarkers of neurodegeneration is essential to detect the effects of pharmacological interventions on these biomarkers. In Huntington’s disease (HD), motor, cognitive and MRI biomarkers are currently used in clinical trials of drug efficacy. Here for the first time we use directly compare data from three large observational studies of HD (total N = 532) using a probabilistic event-based model (EBM) to characterise the order in which motor, cognitive and MRI biomarkers become abnormal. We also investigate the impact of the genetic cause of HD, cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeat length, on progression through these stages. We find that EBM uncovers a broadly consistent order of events across all three studies; that EBM stage reflects clinical stage; and that EBM stage is related to age and genetic burden. Our findings indicate that measures of subcortical and white matter volume become abnormal prior to clinical and cognitive biomarkers. Importantly, CAG repeat length has a large impact on the timing of onset of each stage and progression through the stages, with a longer repeat length resulting in earlier onset and faster progression. Our results can be used to help design clinical trials of treatments for Huntington’s disease, influencing the choice of biomarkers and the recruitment of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Wijeratne
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Huntington's Disease Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eileanoir B Johnson
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Medicine, and Health Sciences, Monash University Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane S Paulsen
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel C Alexander
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Carr SJA, Chen W, Fondran J, Friel H, Sanchez-Gonzalez J, Zhang J, Tatsuoka C. Early Stopping in Experimentation With Real-Time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using a Modified Sequential Probability Ratio Test. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:643740. [PMID: 34803577 PMCID: PMC8600259 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.643740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) often involves long scanning durations to ensure the associated brain activity can be detected. However, excessive experimentation can lead to many undesirable effects, such as from learning and/or fatigue effects, discomfort for the subject, excessive motion artifacts and loss of sustained attention on task. Overly long experimentation can thus have a detrimental effect on signal quality and accurate voxel activation detection. Here, we propose dynamic experimentation with real-time fMRI using a novel statistically driven approach that invokes early stopping when sufficient statistical evidence for assessing the task-related activation is observed. Methods: Voxel-level sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) statistics based on general linear models (GLMs) were implemented on fMRI scans of a mathematical 1-back task from 12 healthy teenage subjects and 11 teenage subjects born extremely preterm (EPT). This approach is based on likelihood ratios and allows for systematic early stopping based on target statistical error thresholds. We adopt a two-stage estimation approach that allows for accurate estimates of GLM parameters before stopping is considered. Early stopping performance is reported for different first stage lengths, and activation results are compared with full durations. Finally, group comparisons are conducted with both early stopped and full duration scan data. Numerical parallelization was employed to facilitate completion of computations involving a new scan within every repetition time (TR). Results: Use of SPRT demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency gains of automated early stopping, with comparable activation detection as with full protocols. Dynamic stopping of stimulus administration was achieved in around half of subjects, with typical time savings of up to 33% (4 min on a 12 min scan). A group analysis produced similar patterns of activity for control subjects between early stopping and full duration scans. The EPT group, individually, demonstrated more variability in location and extent of the activations compared to the normal term control group. This was apparent in the EPT group results, reflected by fewer and smaller clusters. Conclusion: A systematic statistical approach for early stopping with real-time fMRI experimentation has been implemented. This dynamic approach has promise for reducing subject burden and fatigue effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. A. Carr
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Weicong Chen
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jeremy Fondran
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Harry Friel
- Philips Healthcare, Highland Heights, OH, United States
| | | | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Curtis Tatsuoka
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Curtis Tatsuoka,
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Liang X, Pang X, Liu J, Zhao J, Yu L, Zheng J. Comparison of topological properties of functional brain networks with graph theory in temporal lobe epilepsy with different duration of disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1503. [PMID: 33313248 PMCID: PMC7729351 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Our study was performed to measure the alterations in topological properties of the functional brain network of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) at different durations, exploring the potential progression and neuropathophysiological mechanisms of TLE. Methods Fifty-eight subjects, including 17 TLE patients with a disease duration of ≤5 years (TLE-SD), 20 TLE patients with a disease duration of >5 years (TLE-LD), and 21 healthy controls firstly underwent the Attention Network Test (ANT) to assess the alertness function and received the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Next, a functional brain network was set up, and then the related graph of theoretical network analysis was conducted. Finally, the correlation between network property and the neuropsychological score was analyzed. Results The global and local efficiencies of functional brain networks in TLE-SD patients significantly decreased and tended toward random alterations. Also, the degree centrality (DC) and nodal efficiency (Ne) in right medial pre-frontal thalamus (mPFtha) and right rostral temporal thalamus (rTtha) of TLE-SD patients significantly reduced. Further analysis showed that alertness was positively associated with the characteristic path length but negatively related to the global and local efficiencies in TLE-SD patients; alertness was negatively related to the Ne of mPFtha in TLE-LD patients. Conclusions Our study showed that the functional brain network of TLE patients might undergo compensatory reorganization as the disease progresses, which provides useful insights into the progression and mechanism of TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Liang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaomin Pang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinou Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Tan B, Shishegar R, Poudel GR, Fornito A, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Cortical morphometry and neural dysfunction in Huntington's disease: a review. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:1406-1419. [PMID: 33210786 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Numerous neuroimaging techniques have been used to identify biomarkers of disease progression in Huntington's disease (HD). To date, the earliest and most sensitive of these is caudate volume; however, it is becoming increasingly evident that numerous changes to cortical structures, and their interconnected networks, occur throughout the course of the disease. The mechanisms by which atrophy spreads from the caudate to these cortical regions remains unknown. In this review, the neuroimaging literature specific to T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is summarized and new strategies for the investigation of cortical morphometry and the network spread of degeneration in HD are proposed. This new avenue of research may enable further characterization of disease pathology and could add to a suite of biomarker/s of disease progression for patient stratification that will help guide future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Tan
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rosita Shishegar
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Govinda R Poudel
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sydney Imaging, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Shishegar R, Harding IH, Corben LA, Delatycki MB, Storey E, Egan GF, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Longitudinal Increases in Cerebral Brain Activation During Working Memory Performance in Friedreich Ataxia: 24-Month Data from IMAGE-FRDA. THE CEREBELLUM 2020; 19:182-191. [PMID: 31898277 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-019-01094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) has been associated with functional abnormalities in cerebral and cerebellar networks, particularly in the ventral attention network. However, how functional alterations change with disease progression remains largely unknown. Longitudinal changes in brain activation, associated with working memory performance (N-back task), and grey matter volume were assessed over 24 months in 21 individuals with FRDA and 28 healthy controls using functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Participants also completed a neurocognitive battery assessing working memory (digit span), executive function (Stroop, Haylings), and set-shifting (Trail Making Test). Individuals with FRDA displayed significantly increased brain activation over 24 months in ventral attention brain regions, including bilateral insula and inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis and pars opercularis), compared with controls, but there was no difference in working memory (N-back) performance between groups. Moreover, there were no significant differences in grey matter volume changes between groups. Significant correlations between brain activations and both clinical severity and age at disease onset were observed in FRDA individuals only at 24 months. There was significant longitudinal decline in Trail Making Test (TMT) difference score (B-A) in individuals with FRDA, compared with controls. These findings provide the first evidence of increased longitudinal activation over time in the cerebral cortex in FRDA, compared with controls, despite comparable working memory performance. This finding represents a possible compensatory response in the ventral attention network to help sustain working memory performance in individuals with FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Shishegar
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ian H Harding
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louise A Corben
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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13
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Lo J, Reyes A, Pulverenti TS, Rankin TJ, Bartlett DM, Zaenker P, Rowe G, Feindel K, Poudel G, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Ziman MR, Cruickshank TM. Dual tasking impairments are associated with striatal pathology in Huntington's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:1608-1619. [PMID: 32794343 PMCID: PMC7480913 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent findings suggest that individuals with Huntington's disease (HD) have an impaired capacity to execute cognitive and motor tasks simultaneously, or dual task, which gradually worsens as the disease advances. The onset and neuropathological changes mediating impairments in dual tasking in individuals with HD are unclear. The reliability of dual tasking assessments for individuals with HD is also unclear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate differences in dual tasking performance between individuals with HD (presymptomatic and prodromal) and matched controls, to investigate associations between striatal volume and dual tasking performance, and to determine the reliability of dual tasking assessments. METHODS Twenty individuals with HD (10 presymptomatic and 10 prodromal) and 20 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Individuals undertook four single and dual task assessments, comprising motor (postural stability or force steadiness) and cognitive (simple or complex mental arithmetic) components, with single and dual tasks performed three times each. Participants also undertook a magnetic resonance imaging assessment. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, individuals with presymptomatic and prodromal HD displayed significant deficits in dual tasking, particularly cognitive task performance when concurrently undertaking motor tasks (P < 0.05). The observed deficits in dual tasking were associated with reduced volume in caudate and putamen structures (P < 0.05),however, not with clinical measures of disease burden. An analysis of the reliability of dual tasking assessments revealed moderate to high test-retest reliability [ICC: 0.61-0.99] for individuals with presymptomatic and prodromal HD and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with presymptomatic and prodromal HD have significant deficits in dual tasking that are associated with striatal degeneration. Findings also indicate that dual tasking assessments are reliable in individuals presymptomatic and prodromal HD and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Lo
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alvaro Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitacion, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Timothy S Pulverenti
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, NY
| | - Timothy J Rankin
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Sleep Science, School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Danielle M Bartlett
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pauline Zaenker
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Grant Rowe
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kirk Feindel
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Govinda Poudel
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mel R Ziman
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Travis M Cruickshank
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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14
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Furlong LS, Jakabek D, Power BD, Owens-Walton C, Wilkes FA, Walterfang M, Velakoulis D, Egan G, Looi JC, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Morphometric in vivo evidence of thalamic atrophy correlated with cognitive and motor dysfunction in Huntington's disease: The IMAGE-HD study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 298:111048. [PMID: 32120305 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In Huntington's disease (HD), neurodegeneration causes progressive atrophy to the striatum, cortical areas, and white matter tracts - components of corticostriatal circuitry. Such processes may affect the thalamus, a key circuit node. We investigated whether differences in dorsal thalamic morphology were detectable in HD, and whether thalamic atrophy was associated with neurocognitive, neuropsychiatric and motor dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging scans and clinical outcome measures were obtained from 34 presymptomatic HD (pre-HD), 29 early symptomatic HD (symp-HD), and 26 healthy control individuals who participated in the IMAGE-HD study. Manual region of interest (ROI) segmentation was conducted to measure dorsal thalamic volume, and thalamic ROI underwent shape analysis using the spherical harmonic point distribution method. The symp-HD group had significant thalamic volumetric reduction and global shape deflation, indicative of atrophy, compared to pre-HD and control groups. Thalamic atrophy significantly predicted neurocognitive and motor dysfunction within the symp-HD group only. Thalamic morphology differentiates symp-HD from pre-HD and healthy individuals. Thalamic changes may be one of the structural bases (endomorphotypes), of the endophenotypic neurocognitive and motor manifestations of disease. Future research should continue to investigate the thalamus as a potential in vivo biomarker of disease progression in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Furlong
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia; John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - David Jakabek
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Brian D Power
- School of Medicine Fremantle, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, North Metropolitan Health Service - Mental Health, WA, Australia
| | - Conor Owens-Walton
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia
| | - Fiona A Wilkes
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gary Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Life Sciences Computation Centre, Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Cl Looi
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia; Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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15
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Soloveva MV, Jamadar SD, Hughes M, Velakoulis D, Poudel G, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Brain compensation during response inhibition in premanifest Huntington's disease. Brain Cogn 2020; 141:105560. [PMID: 32179366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Premanifest Huntington's disease (pre-HD) individuals typically show increased task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), suggested to reflect compensatory strategies. Despite the evidence, no study has attempted to understand the compensatory process in light of 'formal' models of compensation. We used a quantitative model of compensation - the Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis (CRUNCH), to characterise compensation in pre-HD using fMRI. Pre-HD individuals (n = 15) and controls (n = 15) performed a modified stop-signal task that incremented in four levels of stop difficulty. Our results did not support the critical assumption of the CRUNCH model - controls did not show increased fMRI activity with increased level of stop difficulty; however, controls showed decreased fMRI activity with increased stop difficulty in right inferior frontal gyrus and right caudate nucleus. Relative to controls, pre-HD individuals showed increased fMRI activity in right inferior frontal gyrus and in right caudate nucleus at higher levels of stop difficulty, which is the opposite effect to that predicted by the model. Our findings suggest a compensatory process of the response inhibition network in pre-HD; however, the pattern of fMRI activity was not in the manner expected by CRUNCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Soloveva
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Sharna D Jamadar
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew Hughes
- School of Health Sciences, Brain and Psychological Sciences Centre, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Center, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Govinda Poudel
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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16
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Ferreira-Correia A, Anderson DG, Cockcroft K, Krause A. The neuropsychological deficits and dissociations in Huntington Disease-Like 2: A series of case-control studies. Neuropsychologia 2020; 136:107238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Tovar A, Garí Soler A, Ruiz-Idiago J, Mareca Viladrich C, Pomarol-Clotet E, Rosselló J, Hinzen W. Language disintegration in spontaneous speech in Huntington's disease: a more fine-grained analysis. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2020; 83:105970. [PMID: 32062158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.105970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease causing motor symptoms along with cognitive and affective problems. Recent evidence suggests that HD also affects language across core levels of linguistic organization, including at stages of the disease when standardized neuropsychological test profiles are still normal and motor symptoms do not yet reach clinical thresholds ('pre-manifest HD'). The present study aimed to subject spontaneous speech to a more fine-grained linguistic analysis in a sample of 20 identified HD gene-carriers, 10 with pre-manifest and 10 with early manifest HD. We further explored how language performance related to non-linguistic cognitive impairment, using standardized neuropsychological measures. A distinctive pattern of linguistic impairments marked off participants with both pre-manifest and manifest HD from healthy controls and each other. Fluency patterns in premanifest HD were marked by prolongations, filled pauses, and repetitions, which shifted to a pattern marked by empty (unfilled) pauses, re-phrasings, and truncations in manifest HD. Both HD groups also significantly differed from controls and each other in how they grammatically connected clauses and used noun phrases referentially. Functional deficits in language occurred in pre-manifest HD in the absence of any non-linguistic neuropsychological impairment and did largely not correlate with standardized neuropsychological measures in manifest HD. These results further corroborate that language can act as a fine-grained clinical marker in HD, which can track disease progression from the pre-manifest stage, define critical remediation targets, and inform the role of the basal ganglia in language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Tovar
- Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Ruiz-Idiago
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Neuropsychiatry Unit, Hospital Mare de Déu de la Mercè, Barcelona, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia Mareca Viladrich
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Hospital Mare de Déu de la Mercè, Barcelona, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joana Rosselló
- Department of Catalan Philology and General Linguistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfram Hinzen
- Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA (Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies), Barcelona, Spain.
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18
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Soloveva MV, Jamadar SD, Velakoulis D, Poudel G, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Brain compensation during visuospatial working memory in premanifest Huntington's disease. Neuropsychologia 2020; 136:107262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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19
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Johnson EB, Gregory S. Huntington's disease: Brain imaging in Huntington's disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 165:321-369. [PMID: 31481169 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) gene-carriers show prominent neuronal loss by end-stage disease, and the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been increasingly used to quantify brain changes during earlier stages of the disease. MRI offers an in vivo method of measuring structural and functional brain change. The images collected via MRI are processed to measure different anatomical features, such as brain volume, macro- and microstructural changes within white matter and functional brain activity. Structural imaging has demonstrated significant volume loss across multiple white and gray matter regions in HD, particularly within subcortical structures. There also appears to be increasing disorganization of white matter tracts and between-region connectivity with increasing disease progression. Finally, functional changes are thought to represent changes in brain activity underlying compensatory mechanisms in HD. This chapter will provide an overview of the principles of MRI and practicalities associated with using MRI in HD studies, and summarize findings from MRI studies investigating brain structure and function in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileanoir B Johnson
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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20
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Spatial memory in Huntington’s disease: A comparative review of human and animal data. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 98:194-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Huntington's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 142:381-408. [PMID: 30409260 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is an inherited neurodegenerative condition characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disturbance. The effects of the underlying pathology on brain morphology are relatively well understood. Numerous structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated macrostructural change with widespread striatal and cortical atrophy and microstructural white matter loss in premanifest and manifest HD gene carriers. However, disease effects on brain function are less well characterized. Functional MRI provides an opportunity to examine differences in brain activity either in response to a particular task or in the brain at rest. There is increasing evidence that HD gene carriers exhibit altered activation patterns and functional connectivity between brain regions in response to the neurodegenerative process. Here we review the growing literature in this area and critically evaluate the utility of this imaging modality.
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22
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Migliore S, D'Aurizio G, Curcio G, Squitieri F. Task-switching abilities in pre-manifest Huntington's disease subjects. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018; 60:111-117. [PMID: 30201420 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Huntington's Disease (HD) cognitive dysfunction occurs before unequivocal motor signs become apparent. The predominant early cognitive abnormal domains may include deficits in psychomotor speed, negative emotion recognition and executive functioning. Our study is aimed to investigate the executive control of cognition in pre-manifest (pre) HD subjects, by means of a task-switching protocol. METHODS We recruited 30 pre-HD subjects and 18 age-, sex- and education-matched Healthy Controls (HC). Subjects were assigned to two experimental groups: 15 pre-HD1 with a Total Motor Score (TMS) ≤4 (far from onset) and 15 pre-HD2 with a 5 ≤ TMS≤9 (near to onset and Diagnostic Confidence Level (DCL) still<4). Two different tasks were performed in rapid and random succession, so that the task was either changed from one trial to the next one (switch trials) or repeated (repetition trials). Switch trials are usually slower than repetitions, causing a so-called Switch Cost (SC). RESULTS Pre-HD subjects had worse performance than HC in the switch and repetition trials, as indicated by increased SC and reaction times. In particular, pre-HD2 showed impaired switching abilities with reaction times slower than pre-HD1 and HC. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted a task-switching impairment since HD was still at a pre-manifest stage. Such abnormalities worsen when pre-HD subjects start to show subtle motor manifestations, still nonspecific and insufficient to define the clinical diagnosis of HD (DCL<4). Considering that such abilities have obvious implications for activities of daily living, early cognitive rehabilitation programs addressing such deficits might be useful in the premanifest stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Migliore
- Huntington and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital (Rome CSS-Mendel), Viale Cappuccini, 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| | - Giulia D'Aurizio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curcio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Squitieri
- Huntington and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital (Rome CSS-Mendel), Viale Cappuccini, 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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23
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Lahr J, Minkova L, Tabrizi SJ, Stout JC, Klöppel S, Scheller E. Working Memory-Related Effective Connectivity in Huntington's Disease Patients. Front Neurol 2018; 9:370. [PMID: 29915555 PMCID: PMC5994408 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a genetically caused neurodegenerative disorder characterized by heterogeneous motor, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms. Although motor symptoms may be the most prominent presentation, cognitive symptoms such as memory deficits and executive dysfunction typically co-occur. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and task fMRI-based dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to evaluate HD-related changes in the neural network underlying working memory (WM). Sixty-four pre-symptomatic HD mutation carriers (preHD), 20 patients with early manifest HD symptoms (earlyHD), and 83 healthy control subjects performed an n-back fMRI task with two levels of WM load. Effective connectivity was assessed in five predefined regions of interest, comprising bilateral inferior parietal cortex, left anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. HD mutation carriers performed less accurately and more slowly at high WM load compared with the control group. While between-group comparisons of brain activation did not reveal differential recruitment of the cortical WM network in mutation carriers, comparisons of brain connectivity as identified with DCM revealed a number of group differences across the whole WM network. Most strikingly, we observed decreasing connectivity from several regions toward right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) in preHD and even more so in earlyHD. The deterioration in rDLPFC connectivity complements results from previous studies and might mirror beginning cortical neural decline at premanifest and early manifest stages of HD. We were able to characterize effective connectivity in a WM network of HD mutation carriers yielding further insight into patterns of cognitive decline and accompanying neural deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Lahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lora Minkova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julie C Stout
- School of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Scheller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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25
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Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive technique used routinely to image the body in both clinical and research settings. Through the manipulation of radio waves and static field gradients, MRI uses the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance to produce images with high spatial resolution, appropriate for the investigation of brain structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gregory
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Geraint Rees
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sarah Tabrizi
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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Selvadurai LP, Harding IH, Corben LA, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Cerebral abnormalities in Friedreich ataxia: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 84:394-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Nota NM, Burke SM, den Heijer M, Soleman RS, Lambalk CB, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Veltman DJ, Kreukels BP. Brain sexual differentiation and effects of cross-sex hormone therapy in transpeople: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance study. Neurophysiol Clin 2017; 47:361-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Cabanas M, Bassil F, Mons N, Garret M, Cho YH. Changes in striatal activity and functional connectivity in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184580. [PMID: 28934250 PMCID: PMC5608247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary Huntington’s disease (HD) is associated with progressive motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. A primary consequence of the HD mutation is the preferential loss of medium spiny projection cells with relative sparing of local interneurons in the striatum. In addition, among GABAergic striatal projection cells, indirect pathway cells expressing D2 dopamine receptors are lost earlier than direct pathway cells expressing D1 receptors. To test in vivo the functional integrity of direct and indirect pathways as well as interneurons in the striatum of male R6/1 transgenic mice, we assessed their c-Fos expression levels induced by a striatal-dependent cognitive task and compared them with age-matched wild-type littermates. We found a significant increase of c-Fos+ nuclei in the dorsomedial striatum, and this only at 2 months, when our HD mouse model is still pre-motor symptomatic, the increase disappearing with symptom manifestation. Contrary to our expectation, the indirect pathway projection neurons did not undergo any severer changes of c-Fos expression regardless of age in R6/1 mice. We also found a decreased activation of interneurons that express parvalbumin in the dorsomedial striatum at both presymptomatic and symptomatic ages. Finally, analysis of c-Fos expression in extended brain regions involved in the cognitive learning used in our study, demonstrates, throughout ages studied, changes in the functional connectivity between regions in the transgenic mice. Further analysis of the cellular and molecular changes underlying the transient striatal hyperactivity in the HD mice may help to understand the mechanisms involved in the disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Cabanas
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fares Bassil
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicole Mons
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maurice Garret
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- * E-mail: (MG); (YHC)
| | - Yoon H. Cho
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- * E-mail: (MG); (YHC)
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Harding IH, Corben LA, Delatycki MB, Stagnitti MR, Storey E, Egan GF, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Cerebral compensation during motor function in Friedreich ataxia: The IMAGE-FRDA study. Mov Disord 2017; 32:1221-1229. [PMID: 28556242 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Friedreich ataxia is characterized by progressive motor incoordination that is linked to peripheral, spinal, and cerebellar neuropathology. Cerebral abnormalities are also reported in Friedreich ataxia, but their role in disease expression remains unclear. METHODS In this cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study, 25 individuals with Friedreich ataxia and 33 healthy controls performed simple (self-paced single-finger) and complex (visually cued multifinger) tapping tasks to respectively gauge basic and attentionally demanding motor behavior. For each task, whole brain functional activations were compared between groups and correlated with disease severity and offline measures of motor dexterity. RESULTS During simple finger tapping, cerebral hyperactivation in individuals with Friedreich ataxia at the lower end of clinical severity and cerebral hypoactivation in those more severely affected was observed in premotor/ventral attention brain regions, including the supplementary motor area and anterior insula. Greater activation in this network correlated with greater offline finger tapping precision. Complex, attentionally demanding finger tapping was also associated with cerebral hyperactivation, but in this case within dorsolateral prefrontal regions of the executive control network and superior parietal regions of the dorsal attention system. Greater offline motor precision was associated with less activation in the dorsal attention network. DISCUSSION Compensatory activity is evident in the cerebral cortex in individuals with Friedreich ataxia. Early compensation followed by later decline in premotor/ventral attention systems demonstrates capacity-limited neural reserve, while the additional engagement of higher order brain networks is indicative of compensatory task strategies. Network-level changes in cerebral brain function thus potentially serve to mitigate the impact of motor impairments in Friedreich ataxia. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian H Harding
- School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louise A Corben
- School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Bruce Lefroy Centre, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Bruce Lefroy Centre, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Monique R Stagnitti
- School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Domínguez D JF, Poudel G, Stout JC, Gray M, Chua P, Borowsky B, Egan GF, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Longitudinal changes in the fronto-striatal network are associated with executive dysfunction and behavioral dysregulation in Huntington's disease: 30 months IMAGE-HD data. Cortex 2017; 92:139-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Piano C, Imperatori C, Losurdo A, Bentivoglio AR, Cortelli P, Della Marca G. Sleep-related modifications of EEG connectivity in the sensory-motor networks in Huntington Disease: An eLORETA study and review of the literature. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:1354-1363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ciarmiello A, Giovacchini G, Giovannini E, Lazzeri P, Borsò E, Mannironi A, Mansi L. Molecular Imaging of Huntington's Disease. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1988-1993. [PMID: 27791273 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The onset and the clinical progression of Huntington Disease (HD) is influenced by several events prompted by a genetic mutation that affects several organs tissues including different regions of the brain. In the last decades years, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) helped to deepen the knowledge of neurodegenerative mechanisms that guide to clinical symptoms. Brain imaging with PET represents a tool to investigate the physiopathology occurring in the brain and it has been used to predict the age of onset of the disease and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of new drugs. This article reviews the contribution of PET and MRI in the research field on Huntington's disease, focusing in particular on some most relevant achievements that have helped recognize the molecular changes, the clinical symptoms and evolution of the disease. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1988-1993, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ciarmiello
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Giovacchini
- Department of Neurology, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy.,Institute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Patrizia Lazzeri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Elisa Borsò
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Antonio Mannironi
- Institute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Mansi
- Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine Magrassi - Lanzara, Second University of Naples Napoli, Naples, Italy
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Turner LM, Jakabek D, Wilkes FA, Croft RJ, Churchyard A, Walterfang M, Velakoulis D, Looi JCL, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Apthorp D. Striatal morphology correlates with frontostriatal electrophysiological motor processing in Huntington's disease: an IMAGE-HD study. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00511. [PMID: 28031992 PMCID: PMC5167007 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) causes progressive atrophy to the striatum, a critical node in frontostriatal circuitry. Maintenance of motor function is dependent on functional connectivity of these premotor, motor, and dorsolateral frontostriatal circuits, and structural integrity of the striatum itself. We aimed to investigate whether size and shape of the striatum as a measure of frontostriatal circuit structural integrity was correlated with functional frontostriatal electrophysiological neural premotor processing (contingent negative variation, CNV), to better understand motoric structure-function relationships in early HD. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and electrophysiological (EEG) measures of premotor processing were obtained from a combined HD group (12 presymptomatic, 7 symptomatic). Manual segmentation of caudate and putamen was conducted with subsequent shape analysis. Separate correlational analyses (volume and shape) included covariates of age, gender, intracranial volume, and time between EEG and MRI. RESULTS Right caudate volume correlated with early CNV latency over frontocentral regions and late CNV frontally, whereas right caudate shape correlated with early CNV latency centrally. Left caudate volume correlated with early CNV latency over centroparietal regions and late CNV frontally. Right and left putamen volumes correlated with early CNV latency frontally, and right and left putamen shape/volume correlated with parietal CNV slope. CONCLUSIONS Timing (latency) and pattern (slope) of frontostriatal circuit-mediated premotor functional activation across scalp regions were correlated with abnormalities in structural integrity of the key frontostriatal circuit component, the striatum (size and shape). This was accompanied by normal reaction times, suggesting it may be undetected in regular tasks due to preserved motor "performance." Such differences in functional activation may reflect atrophy-based frontostriatal circuitry despecialization and/or compensatory recruitment of additional brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Turner
- Research School of Psychology College of Medicine, Biology, & Environment Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - David Jakabek
- Graduate School of Medicine University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Fiona A Wilkes
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Australian National University Medical School Canberra Hospital Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Rodney J Croft
- School of Psychology & Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Andrew Churchyard
- School of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Monash Victoria Australia; Calvary Health Care Bethlehem Hospital Caulfield Victoria Australia
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Neuropsychiatry Unit Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry Unit Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Jeffrey C L Looi
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Australian National University Medical School Canberra Hospital Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia; Neuropsychiatry Unit Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Monash Victoria Australia
| | - Deborah Apthorp
- Research School of Psychology College of Medicine, Biology, & Environment Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia; Graduate School of Medicine University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
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Zilles D, Lewandowski M, Vieker H, Henseler I, Diekhof E, Melcher T, Keil M, Gruber O. Gender Differences in Verbal and Visuospatial Working Memory Performance and Networks. Neuropsychobiology 2016; 73:52-63. [PMID: 26859775 DOI: 10.1159/000443174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working memory (WM) has been a matter of intensive basic and clinical research for some decades now. The investigation of WM function and dysfunction may facilitate the understanding of both physiological and pathological processes in the human brain. Though WM paradigms are widely used in neuroscientific and psychiatric research, conclusive knowledge about potential moderating variables such as gender is still missing. METHODS We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the effects of gender on verbal and visuospatial WM maintenance tasks in a large and homogeneous sample of young healthy subjects. RESULTS We found significant gender effects on both the behavioral and neurofunctional level. Females exhibited disadvantages with a small effect size in both WM domains accompanied by stronger activations in a set of brain regions (including bilateral substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area and right Broca's area) independent of WM modality. As load and task difficulty effects have been shown for some of these regions, the stronger activations may reflect a slightly lower capacity of both WM domains in females. Males showed stronger bilateral intraparietal activations next to the precuneus which were specific for the visuospatial WM task. Activity in this specific region may be associated with visuospatial short-term memory capacity. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence for a slightly lower capacity in both WM modalities in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zilles
- Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
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D JFD, Stout JC, Poudel G, Churchyard A, Chua P, Egan GF, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Multimodal imaging biomarkers in premanifest and early Huntington's disease: 30-month IMAGE-HD data. Br J Psychiatry 2016; 208:571-8. [PMID: 26678864 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of potential disease-modifying therapies in a neurodegenerative condition like Huntington's disease depends on the availability of sensitive biomarkers that reflect decline across disease stages and that are functionally and clinically relevant. AIMS To quantify macrostructural and microstructural changes in participants with premanifest and symptomatic Huntington's disease over 30 months, and to establish their functional and clinical relevance. METHOD Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study measuring changes in macrostructural (volume) and microstructural (diffusivity) measures in 40 patients with premanifest Huntington's disease, 36 patients with symptomatic Huntington's disease and 36 healthy control participants over three testing sessions spanning 30 months. RESULTS Relative to controls, there was greater longitudinal atrophy in participants with symptomatic Huntington's disease in whole brain, grey matter, caudate and putamen, as well as increased caudate fractional anisotropy; caudate volume loss was the only measure to differ between premanifest Huntington's disease and control groups. Changes in caudate volume and fractional anisotropy correlated with each other and neurocognitive decline; caudate volume loss also correlated with clinical and disease severity. CONCLUSIONS Caudate neurodegeneration, especially atrophy, may be the most suitable candidate surrogate biomarker for consideration in the development of upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Domínguez D
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie C Stout
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Govinda Poudel
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Churchyard
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phyllis Chua
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Juan F. Domínguez D., PhD, Julie C. Stout, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Govinda Poudel, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Andrew Churchyard, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Phyllis Chua, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Gary F. Egan, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia and Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Domínguez JFD, Ng ACL, Poudel G, Stout JC, Churchyard A, Chua P, Egan GF, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Iron accumulation in the basal ganglia in Huntington's disease: cross-sectional data from the IMAGE-HD study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:545-9. [PMID: 25952334 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-310183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure iron accumulation in the basal ganglia in Huntington's disease (HD) using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), and to ascertain its relevance in terms of clinical and disease severity. METHODS In this cross-sectional investigation, T2* weighted imaging was undertaken on 31 premanifest HD, 32 symptomatic HD and 30 control participants as part of the observational IMAGE-HD study. Group differences in iron accumulation were ascertained with QSM. Associations between susceptibility values and disease severity were also investigated. RESULTS Compared with controls, both premanifest and symptomatic HD groups showed significantly greater iron content in pallidum, putamen and caudate. Additionally, iron accumulation in both putamen and caudate was significantly associated with disease severity. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide the first evidence that QSM is sensitive to iron deposition in subcortical target areas across premanifest and symptomatic stages of HD. Such findings could open up new avenues for biomarker development and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F D Domínguez
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda C L Ng
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Govinda Poudel
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia VLSCI Life Sciences Computation Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie C Stout
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Churchyard
- Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phyllis Chua
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Subjective sleep problems in Huntington's disease: A pilot investigation of the relationship to brain structure, neurocognitive, and neuropsychiatric function. J Neurol Sci 2016; 364:148-53. [PMID: 27084236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Subjective reports of sleep disturbance are a common feature of Huntington's disease (HD); however, there is limited research investigating the relationship between sleep problems with changes in brain and behaviour. This study aimed to investigate whether subjective reports of sleep problems in HD are associated with brain volume, neurocognitive decline, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. This retrospective pilot study used brain volume, neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric data from premanifest (pre-HD) and symptomatic HD (symp-HD). Subjective sleep problem was measured using the sleep item of the Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Pre-HD individuals reporting sleep problems had significantly poorer neuropsychiatric outcomes compared to those not reporting sleep problems. In the symp-HD group, those with sleep problems had significantly accelerated thalamic degeneration and poorer neuropsychiatric outcomes compared to those without sleep problems. There was no relationship between subjective sleep problems and neurocognitive measures. These findings suggest an association between subjective sleep disturbance, neuropathology, and development of neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD. Further studies using quantitative EEG-based monitoring of sleep in HD and changes in the brain and behaviour will be necessary to establish the causal nature of this relationship.
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Minkova L, Eickhoff SB, Abdulkadir A, Kaller CP, Peter J, Scheller E, Lahr J, Roos RA, Durr A, Leavitt BR, Tabrizi SJ, Klöppel S. Large-scale brain network abnormalities in Huntington's disease revealed by structural covariance. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:67-80. [PMID: 26453902 PMCID: PMC6867397 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can be diagnosed with certainty decades before symptom onset. Studies using structural MRI have identified grey matter (GM) loss predominantly in the striatum, but also involving various cortical areas. So far, voxel-based morphometric studies have examined each brain region in isolation and are thus unable to assess the changes in the interrelation of brain regions. Here, we examined the structural covariance in GM volumes in pre-specified motor, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and social-affective networks in 99 patients with manifest HD (mHD), 106 presymptomatic gene mutation carriers (pre-HD), and 108 healthy controls (HC). After correction for global differences in brain volume, we found that increased GM volume in one region was associated with increased GM volume in another. When statistically comparing the groups, no differences between HC and pre-HD were observed, but increased positive correlations were evident for mHD, relative to pre-HD and HC. These findings could be explained by a HD-related neuronal loss heterogeneously affecting the examined network at the pre-HD stage, which starts to dominate structural covariance globally at the manifest stage. Follow-up analyses identified structural connections between frontoparietal motor regions to be linearly modified by disease burden score (DBS). Moderator effects of disease load burden became significant at a DBS level typically associated with the onset of unequivocal HD motor signs. Together with existing findings from functional connectivity analyses, our data indicates a critical role of these frontoparietal regions for the onset of HD motor signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Minkova
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of PsychologyLaboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Simon B. Eickhoff
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical PsychiatryHeinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
- Research Center Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM‐1), Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University HospitalJülichGermany
| | - Ahmed Abdulkadir
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Christoph P. Kaller
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Jessica Peter
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Elisa Scheller
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Jacob Lahr
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Raymund A. Roos
- Department of NeurologyLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenNetherlands
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Department of Genetics and CytogeneticsPitié‐ Salpêtrière University HospitalParisFrance
| | - Blair R. Leavitt
- Department of Medical GeneticsCentre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Sarah J. Tabrizi
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUniversity College London, Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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fMRI in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Scientific Insights to Clinical Applications. NEUROMETHODS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-5611-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Poudel GR, Driscoll S, Domínguez D JF, Stout JC, Churchyard A, Chua P, Egan GF, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Functional Brain Correlates of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Presymptomatic Huntington’s Disease: The IMAGE-HD Study. J Huntingtons Dis 2015; 4:325-32. [DOI: 10.3233/jhd-150154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Govinda R. Poudel
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences/School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Life Sciences Computation Centre, Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shannon Driscoll
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences/School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Juan F. Domínguez D
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences/School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie C. Stout
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences/School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Churchyard
- Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phyllis Chua
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary F. Egan
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences/School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences/School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Klöppel S, Gregory S, Scheller E, Minkova L, Razi A, Durr A, Roos RA, Leavitt BR, Papoutsi M, Landwehrmeyer GB, Reilmann R, Borowsky B, Johnson H, Mills JA, Owen G, Stout J, Scahill RI, Long JD, Rees G, Tabrizi SJ. Compensation in Preclinical Huntington's Disease: Evidence From the Track-On HD Study. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1420-9. [PMID: 26629536 PMCID: PMC4634199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive and motor task performance in premanifest Huntington's disease (HD) gene-carriers is often within normal ranges prior to clinical diagnosis, despite loss of brain volume in regions involved in these tasks. This indicates ongoing compensation, with the brain maintaining function in the presence of neuronal loss. However, thus far, compensatory processes in HD have not been modeled explicitly. Using a new model, which incorporates individual variability related to structural change and behavior, we sought to identify functional correlates of compensation in premanifest-HD gene-carriers. METHODS We investigated the modulatory effects of regional brain atrophy, indexed by structural measures of disease load, on the relationship between performance and brain activity (or connectivity) using task-based and resting-state functional MRI. FINDINGS Consistent with compensation, as atrophy increased performance-related activity increased in the right parietal cortex during a working memory task. Similarly, increased functional coupling between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and a left hemisphere network in the resting-state predicted better cognitive performance as atrophy increased. Such patterns were not detectable for the left hemisphere or for motor tasks. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide evidence for active compensatory processes in premanifest-HD for cognitive demands and suggest a higher vulnerability of the left hemisphere to the effects of regional atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Klöppel
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Division Freiburg Brain Imaging, Freiburg, Germany
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Freiburg, Germany
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elisa Scheller
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Division Freiburg Brain Imaging, Freiburg, Germany
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Freiburg, Germany
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lora Minkova
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Division Freiburg Brain Imaging, Freiburg, Germany
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Freiburg, Germany
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adeel Razi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Electronic Engineering, N.E.D University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alexandra Durr
- APHP Department of Genetics, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris France
| | - Raymund A.C. Roos
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Blair R. Leavitt
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marina Papoutsi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ralf Reilmann
- George-Huntington-Institute, Muenster, Germany
- University of Tuebingen, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Hans Johnson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - James A. Mills
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Gail Owen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Julie Stout
- School of Psychological Sciences and Institute of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachael I. Scahill
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey D. Long
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Geraint Rees
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah J. Tabrizi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Turner LM, Croft RJ, Churchyard A, Looi JCL, Apthorp D, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Abnormal Electrophysiological Motor Responses in Huntington's Disease: Evidence of Premanifest Compensation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138563. [PMID: 26406226 PMCID: PMC4583227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Huntington's disease (HD) causes progressive motor dysfunction through characteristic atrophy. Changes to neural structure begin in premanifest stages yet individuals are able to maintain a high degree of function, suggesting involvement of supportive processing during motor performance. Electroencephalography (EEG) enables the investigation of subtle impairments at the neuronal level, and possible compensatory strategies, by examining differential activation patterns. We aimed to use EEG to investigate neural motor processing (via the Readiness Potential; RP), premotor processing and sensorimotor integration (Contingent Negative Variation; CNV) during simple motor performance in HD. Methods We assessed neural activity associated with motor preparation and processing in 20 premanifest (pre-HD), 14 symptomatic HD (symp-HD), and 17 healthy controls. Participants performed sequential tapping within two experimental paradigms (simple tapping; Go/No-Go). RP and CNV potentials were calculated separately for each group. Results Motor components and behavioural measures did not distinguish pre-HD from controls. Compared to controls and pre-HD, symp-HD demonstrated significantly reduced relative amplitude and latency of the RP, whereas controls and pre-HD did not differ. However, early CNV was found to significantly differ between control and pre-HD groups, due to enhanced early CNV in pre-HD. Conclusions For the first time, we provide evidence of atypical activation during preparatory processing in pre-HD. The increased activation during this early stage of the disease may reflect ancillary processing in the form of recruitment of additional neural resources for adequate motor preparation, despite atrophic disruption to structure and circuitry. We propose an early adaptive compensation mechanism in pre-HD during motor preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Turner
- Research School of Psychology, College of Medicine, Biology, & Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Rodney J. Croft
- School of Psychology & Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Andrew Churchyard
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem Hospital, Caulfield, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey C. L. Looi
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deborah Apthorp
- Research School of Psychology, College of Medicine, Biology, & Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- School of Psychology & Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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Andrews SC, Domínguez JF, Mercieca EC, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Stout JC. Cognitive interventions to enhance neural compensation in Huntington's disease. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2015; 5:155-64. [DOI: 10.2217/nmt.14.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY In Huntington's disease (HD), there is growing evidence of neural compensation during neurodegeneration, and that these processes might be modifiable by environmental factors. Cognitive intervention to improve brain function has been trialled only to a very limited extent in HD; however, it has shown promise in other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the evidence for the use of cognitive intervention to boost neural compensation in HD, and find it has potential to delay clinical decline, particularly if applied early in the disease process. Randomized controlled trials of cognitive intervention in HD should be implemented as a next step to gauging the efficacy of this approach to improve outcomes for those with the HD gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Andrews
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Juan F Domínguez
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily-Clare Mercieca
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Julie C Stout
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Mason SL, Zhang J, Begeti F, Guzman NV, Lazar AS, Rowe JB, Barker RA, Hampshire A. The role of the amygdala during emotional processing in Huntington's disease: from pre-manifest to late stage disease. Neuropsychologia 2015; 70:80-9. [PMID: 25700742 PMCID: PMC4415907 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in emotional processing can be detected in the pre-manifest stage of Huntington's disease and negative emotion recognition has been identified as a predictor of clinical diagnosis. The underlying neuropathological correlates of such deficits are typically established using correlative structural MRI studies. This approach does not take into consideration the impact of disruption to the complex interactions between multiple brain circuits on emotional processing. Therefore, exploration of the neural substrates of emotional processing in pre-manifest HD using fMRI connectivity analysis may be a useful way of evaluating the way brain regions interrelate in the period prior to diagnosis. METHODS We investigated the impact of predicted time to disease onset on brain activation when participants were exposed to pictures of faces with angry and neutral expressions, in 20 pre-manifest HD gene carriers and 23 healthy controls. On the basis of the results of this initial study went on to look at amygdala dependent cognitive performance in 79 Huntington's disease patients from a cross-section of disease stages (pre-manifest to late disease) and 26 healthy controls, using a validated theory of mind task: "the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test" which has been previously been shown to be amygdala dependent. RESULTS Psychophysiological interaction analysis identified reduced connectivity between the left amygdala and right fusiform facial area in pre-manifest HD gene carriers compared to controls when viewing angry compared to neutral faces. Change in PPI connectivity scores correlated with predicted time to disease onset (r=0.45, p<0.05). Furthermore, performance on the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test" correlated negatively with proximity to disease onset and became progressively worse with each stage of disease. CONCLUSION Abnormalities in the neural networks underlying social cognition and emotional processing can be detected prior to clinical diagnosis in Huntington's disease. Connectivity between the amygdala and other brain regions is impacted by the disease process in pre-manifest HD and may therefore be a useful way of identifying participants who are approaching a clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test" is a surrogate measure of amygdala function that is clinically useful across the entire cross-section of disease stages in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Mason
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- MRC Cognition and Brian Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Faye Begeti
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Alpar S Lazar
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK; MRC Cognition and Brian Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK; MRC Cognition and Brian Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
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Dogan I, Eickhoff CR, Fox PT, Laird AR, Schulz JB, Eickhoff SB, Reetz K. Functional connectivity modeling of consistent cortico-striatal degeneration in Huntington's disease. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 7:640-52. [PMID: 25844318 PMCID: PMC4375786 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a complex neuropsychiatric phenotype. In a recent meta-analysis we identified core regions of consistent neurodegeneration in premanifest HD in the striatum and middle occipital gyrus (MOG). For early manifest HD convergent evidence of atrophy was most prominent in the striatum, motor cortex (M1) and inferior frontal junction (IFJ). The aim of the present study was to functionally characterize this topography of brain atrophy and to investigate differential connectivity patterns formed by consistent cortico-striatal atrophy regions in HD. Using areas of striatal and cortical atrophy at different disease stages as seeds, we performed task-free resting-state and task-based meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM). MACM utilizes the large data source of the BrainMap database and identifies significant areas of above-chance co-activation with the seed-region via the activation-likelihood-estimation approach. In order to delineate functional networks formed by cortical as well as striatal atrophy regions we computed the conjunction between the co-activation profiles of striatal and cortical seeds in the premanifest and manifest stages of HD, respectively. Functional characterization of the seeds was obtained using the behavioral meta-data of BrainMap. Cortico-striatal atrophy seeds of the premanifest stage of HD showed common co-activation with a rather cognitive network including the striatum, anterior insula, lateral prefrontal, premotor, supplementary motor and parietal regions. A similar but more pronounced co-activation pattern, additionally including the medial prefrontal cortex and thalamic nuclei was found with striatal and IFJ seeds at the manifest HD stage. The striatum and M1 were functionally connected mainly to premotor and sensorimotor areas, posterior insula, putamen and thalamus. Behavioral characterization of the seeds confirmed that experiments activating the MOG or IFJ in conjunction with the striatum were associated with cognitive functions, while the network formed by M1 and the striatum was driven by motor-related tasks. Thus, based on morphological changes in HD, we identified functionally distinct cortico-striatal networks resembling a cognitive and motor loop, which may be prone to early disruptions in different stages of the disease and underlie HD-related cognitive and motor symptom profiles. Our findings provide an important link between morphometrically defined seed-regions and corresponding functional circuits highlighting the functional and ensuing clinical relevance of structural damage in HD. Pre-HD atrophy seeds showed common functional co-activation with a cognitive network. Modeling of manifest-HD seeds delineated a segregation of a cognitive and motor loop. Behavioral decoding of atrophy seeds confirmed functional segregation of networks. Based on morphometric changes in HD distinct corticostriatal networks were identified. Findings depict functional and ensuing clinical relevance of structural damage in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imis Dogan
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany ; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-4), Research Center Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ; JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Jülich, Germany
| | - Claudia R Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-4), Research Center Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7801, USA
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Modesto A. Maidique Campus, CP 204, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany ; JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Jülich, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-4), Research Center Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany ; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-4), Research Center Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ; JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Jülich, Germany
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Gabery S, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Lundh SH, Cheong RY, Churchyard A, Chua P, Stout JC, Egan GF, Kirik D, Petersén Å. Volumetric analysis of the hypothalamus in Huntington Disease using 3T MRI: the IMAGE-HD Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117593. [PMID: 25659157 PMCID: PMC4319930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene. Non-motor symptoms and signs such as psychiatric disturbances, sleep problems and metabolic dysfunction are part of the disease manifestation. These aspects may relate to changes in the hypothalamus, an area of the brain involved in the regulation of emotion, sleep and metabolism. Neuropathological and imaging studies using both voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as positron emission tomography (PET) have demonstrated pathological changes in the hypothalamic region during early stages in symptomatic HD. In this investigation, we aimed to establish a robust method for measurements of the hypothalamic volume in MRI in order to determine whether the hypothalamic dysfunction in HD is associated with the volume of this region. Using T1-weighted imaging, we describe a reproducible delineation procedure to estimate the hypothalamic volume which was based on the same landmarks used in histologically processed postmortem hypothalamic tissue. Participants included 36 prodromal HD (pre-HD), 33 symptomatic HD (symp-HD) and 33 control participants who underwent MRI scanning at baseline and 18 months follow-up as part of the IMAGE-HD study. We found no evidence of cross-sectional or longitudinal changes between groups in hypothalamic volume. Our results suggest that hypothalamic pathology in HD is not associated with volume changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Gabery
- Translational Neuroendocrine Research Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Sofia Hult Lundh
- Translational Neuroendocrine Research Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rachel Y. Cheong
- Translational Neuroendocrine Research Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrew Churchyard
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3180, Australia
- Huntington’s Disease Unit, Bethlehem Hospital, Kooyong Rd, Caulfield, Victoria, 3162, Australia
| | - Phyllis Chua
- Huntington’s Disease Unit, Bethlehem Hospital, Kooyong Rd, Caulfield, Victoria, 3162, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Julie C. Stout
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3180, Australia
| | - Gary F. Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3180, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging (MBI), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3180, Australia
- Life Sciences Computation Centre, Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deniz Kirik
- Brain Repair and Imaging in Neural Systems (B.R.A.I.N.S) Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åsa Petersén
- Translational Neuroendocrine Research Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Scheller E, Minkova L, Leitner M, Klöppel S. Attempted and successful compensation in preclinical and early manifest neurodegeneration - a review of task FMRI studies. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5:132. [PMID: 25324786 PMCID: PMC4179340 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Several models of neural compensation in healthy aging have been suggested to explain brain activity that aids to sustain cognitive function. Applying recently suggested criteria of "attempted" and "successful" compensation, we reviewed existing literature on compensatory mechanisms in preclinical Huntington's disease (HD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Both disorders constitute early stages of neurodegeneration ideal for examining compensatory mechanisms and developing targeted interventions. We strived to clarify whether compensation criteria derived from healthy aging populations can be applied to early neurodegeneration. To concentrate on the close coupling of cognitive performance and brain activity, we exclusively addressed task fMRI studies. First, we found evidence for parallels in compensatory mechanisms between healthy aging and neurodegenerative disease. Several studies fulfilled criteria of attempted compensation, while reports of successful compensation were largely absent, which made it difficult to conclude on. Second, comparing working memory studies in preclinical HD and aMCI, we identified similar compensatory patterns across neurodegenerative disorders in lateral and medial prefrontal cortex. Such patterns included an inverted U-shaped relationship of neurodegeneration and compensatory activity spanning from preclinical to manifest disease. Due to the lack of studies systematically targeting all criteria of compensation, we propose an exemplary study design, including the manipulation of compensating brain areas by brain stimulation. Furthermore, we delineate the benefits of targeted interventions by non-invasive brain stimulation, as well as of unspecific interventions such as physical activity or cognitive training. Unambiguously detecting compensation in early neurodegenerative disease will help tailor interventions aiming at sustained overall functioning and delayed clinical disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Scheller
- Section of Gerontopsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center (FBI), University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lora Minkova
- Section of Gerontopsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center (FBI), University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for Biological and Personality Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Leitner
- Section of Gerontopsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center (FBI), University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- Section of Gerontopsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center (FBI), University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Papoutsi M, Labuschagne I, Tabrizi SJ, Stout JC. The cognitive burden in Huntington's disease: pathology, phenotype, and mechanisms of compensation. Mov Disord 2014; 29:673-83. [PMID: 24757115 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. The most prominent sign of HD is the presence of involuntary motor movements. However, HD is also characterized by marked cognitive decline, which often precedes the onset of motor symptoms and is generally considered to be more debilitating to the patients and their families, compared to motor symptoms. Cognitive decline is widespread across most faculties of cognition in later stages of the disease, but seems to be selective in preclinical and early stages of the disease, with deficits in the HD patients' ability to multitask, their speed of processing, and executive function. It is now well established that preceding clinical diagnosis there is a preclinical stage, during which HD gene mutation carriers are relatively symptom free, despite disease pathological onset and the presence of neurodegeneration. Evidence from functional brain imaging studies suggests the presence of neural compensation in preclinical stages of HD, whereby the brain undergoes functional reorganization in response to neurodegeneration to preserve motor and cognitive performance. In this review, we will describe the underlying HD pathology with a focus on how it links to the cognitive phenotype. We will also present evidence regarding the presence of neural compensation in HD and the possible mechanisms supporting it. Finally, we will discuss current research in the field of cognitive interventions that aim to support and enhance neural compensation in HD. These research efforts could, one day, prolong the preclinical stage and assist with symptom management of those affected with HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Papoutsi
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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