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Zhu Y, Chen Y, Xu J, Zu Y. Unveiling the Potential of Migrasomes: A Machine-Learning-Driven Signature for Diagnosing Acute Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1626. [PMID: 39062199 PMCID: PMC11274667 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that the migrasome, a newly functional extracellular vesicle, is potentially significant in the occurrence, progression, and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, its diagnostic significance and biological mechanism in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have yet to be fully explored. METHODS To remedy this gap, we employed an integrative machine learning (ML) framework composed of 113 ML combinations within five independent AMI cohorts to establish a predictive migrasome-related signature (MS). To further elucidate the biological mechanism underlying MS, we implemented single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of cardiac Cd45+ cells from AMI-induced mice. Ultimately, we conducted mendelian randomization (MR) and molecular docking to unveil the therapeutic effectiveness of MS. RESULTS MS demonstrated robust predictive performance and superior generalization, driven by the optimal combination of Stepglm and Lasso, on the expression of nine migrasome genes (BMP1, ITGB1, NDST1, TSPAN1, TSPAN18, TSPAN2, TSPAN4, TSPAN7, TSPAN9, and WNT8A). Notably, ITGB1 was found to be predominantly expressed in cardiac macrophages in AMI-induced mice, mechanically regulating macrophage transformation between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory. Furthermore, we showed a positive causality between genetic predisposition towards ITGB1 expression and AMI risk, positioning it as a causative gene. Finally, we showed that ginsenoside Rh1, which interacts closely with ITGB1, could represent a novel therapeutic approach for repressing ITGB1. CONCLUSIONS Our MS has implications in forecasting and curving AMI to inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jiajin Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yao Zu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-Gang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China
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2
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Saint-Martin Willer A, Montani D, Capuano V, Antigny F. Orai1/STIMs modulators in pulmonary vascular diseases. Cell Calcium 2024; 121:102892. [PMID: 38735127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a secondary messenger that regulates various cellular processes. However, Ca2+ mishandling could lead to pathological conditions. Orai1 is a Ca2+channel contributing to the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and plays a critical role in Ca2+ homeostasis in several cell types. Dysregulation of Orai1 contributed to severe combined immune deficiency syndrome, some cancers, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and other cardiorespiratory diseases. During its activation process, Orai1 is mainly regulated by stromal interacting molecule (STIM) proteins, especially STIM1; however, many other regulatory partners have also been recently described. Increasing knowledge about these regulatory partners provides a better view of the downstream signalling pathways of SOCE and offers an excellent opportunity to decipher Orai1 dysregulation in these diseases. These proteins participate in other cellular functions, making them attractive therapeutic targets. This review mainly focuses on Orai1 regulatory partners in the physiological and pathological conditions of the pulmonary circulation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Saint-Martin Willer
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - David Montani
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Véronique Capuano
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Hôptal Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.
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Fernández-Infante C, Hernández-Cano L, Herranz Ó, Berrocal P, Sicilia-Navarro C, González-Porras JR, Bastida JM, Porras A, Guerrero C. Platelet C3G: a key player in vesicle exocytosis, spreading and clot retraction. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:84. [PMID: 38345631 PMCID: PMC10861696 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
C3G is a Rap1 GEF that plays a pivotal role in platelet-mediated processes such as angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis by modulating the platelet secretome. Here, we explore the mechanisms through which C3G governs platelet secretion. For this, we utilized animal models featuring either overexpression or deletion of C3G in platelets, as well as PC12 cell clones expressing C3G mutants. We found that C3G specifically regulates α-granule secretion via PKCδ, but it does not affect δ-granules or lysosomes. C3G activated RalA through a GEF-dependent mechanism, facilitating vesicle docking, while interfering with the formation of the trans-SNARE complex, thereby restricting vesicle fusion. Furthermore, C3G promotes the formation of lamellipodia during platelet spreading on specific substrates by enhancing actin polymerization via Src and Rac1-Arp2/3 pathways, but not Rap1. Consequently, C3G deletion in platelets favored kiss-and-run exocytosis. C3G also controlled granule secretion in PC12 cells, including pore formation. Additionally, C3G-deficient platelets exhibited reduced phosphatidylserine exposure, resulting in decreased thrombin generation, which along with defective actin polymerization and spreading, led to impaired clot retraction. In summary, platelet C3G plays a dual role by facilitating platelet spreading and clot retraction through the promotion of outside-in signaling while concurrently downregulating α-granule secretion by restricting granule fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fernández-Infante
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IMBCC), USAL-CSIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Campus Unamuno S/N, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Hernández-Cano
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IMBCC), USAL-CSIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Campus Unamuno S/N, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Óscar Herranz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IMBCC), USAL-CSIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Campus Unamuno S/N, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Berrocal
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IMBCC), USAL-CSIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Campus Unamuno S/N, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Sicilia-Navarro
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IMBCC), USAL-CSIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Campus Unamuno S/N, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Porras
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José María Bastida
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Almudena Porras
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Guerrero
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IMBCC), USAL-CSIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Campus Unamuno S/N, Salamanca, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Sun J, Ruiz Daniels R, Balic A, Andresen AMS, Bjørgen H, Dobie R, Henderson NC, Koppang EO, Martin SAM, Fosse JH, Taylor RS, Macqueen DJ. Cell atlas of the Atlantic salmon spleen reveals immune cell heterogeneity and cell-specific responses to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109358. [PMID: 38176627 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The spleen is a conserved secondary lymphoid organ that emerged in parallel to adaptive immunity in early jawed vertebrates. Recent studies have applied single cell transcriptomics to reveal the cellular composition of spleen in several species, cataloguing diverse immune cell types and subpopulations. In this study, 51,119 spleen nuclei transcriptomes were comprehensively investigated in the commercially important teleost Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), contrasting control animals with those challenged with the bacterial pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. We identified clusters of nuclei representing the expected major cell types, namely T cells, B cells, natural killer-like cells, granulocytes, mononuclear phagocytes, endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells, erythrocytes and thrombocytes. We discovered heterogeneity within several immune lineages, providing evidence for resident macrophages and melanomacrophages, infiltrating monocytes, several candidate dendritic cell subpopulations, and B cells at distinct stages of differentiation, including plasma cells and an igt + subset. We provide evidence for twelve candidate T cell subsets, including cd4+ T helper and regulatory T cells, one cd8+ subset, three γδT subsets, and populations double negative for cd4 and cd8. The number of genes showing differential expression during the early stages of Aeromonas infection was highly variable across immune cell types, with the largest changes observed in macrophages and infiltrating monocytes, followed by resting mature B cells. Our analysis provides evidence for a local inflammatory response to infection alongside B cell maturation in the spleen, and upregulation of ccr9 genes in igt + B cells, T helper and cd8+ cells, and monocytes, consistent with the recruitment of immune cell populations to the gut to deal with Aeromonas infection. Overall, this study provides a new cell-resolved perspective of the immune actions of Atlantic salmon spleen, highlighting extensive heterogeneity hidden to bulk transcriptomics. We further provide a large catalogue of cell-specific marker genes that can be leveraged to further explore the function and structural organization of the salmonid immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxuan Sun
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Rose Ruiz Daniels
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Adam Balic
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Håvard Bjørgen
- Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Ross Dobie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Erling Olaf Koppang
- Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Samuel A M Martin
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Richard S Taylor
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Daniel J Macqueen
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
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Hong X, Qin J, Fu D, Yang Y, Wang A, Gu Z, Yu F, Liu C. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the dynamic response mechanism to acute ammonia exposure in the ivory shell, Babylonia areolata. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109198. [PMID: 37926202 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The ivory shell (Babylonia areolata) is an economically important shellfish in tropical and subtropical regions, but its intensive culture and biological characteristic of hiding in the sandy substrate make it highly susceptible to ammonia stress. In this study, we investigated the dynamic changes in histopathology, oxidative stress, and transcriptome of the ivory shell at different time points under high concentration (60 mg/L) ammonia exposure. With prolonged exposure to stress, vacuoles appeared in the hepatopancreas while cell volume and intercellular space increased. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased significantly under high concentrations of ammonia-induced stress while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly. Integrated analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that lipid transport primarily contributed to maintaining cellular homeostasis during the early stage of stress (6 and 12 h). Subsequently, a significant upregulation of oxidation-reduction reactions occurred at the middle stage (24 h), leading to oxidative stress. Finally, during the later stage (48 h), metabolic decomposition provided energy for survival maintenance. Additionally, lysosome and apoptosis were identified as potential key pathways in response to acute ammonia toxicity. Overall, our findings suggest that ivory shells can respond to acute ammonia toxicity via immune and antioxidant defense mechanisms but sustained high concentrations may cause irreversible damage. This study provides valuable insights into the response mechanism of mollusks towards ammonia and serves as a data reference for breeding ammonia-tolerant varieties of ivory shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hong
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jie Qin
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Deng Fu
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Feng Yu
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China.
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China.
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6
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Becker GM, Shira KA, Woods JL, Khilji SF, Schauer CS, Webb BT, Stewart WC, Murdoch BM. Angular limb deformity associated with TSPAN18, NRG3 and NOVA2 in Rambouillet rams. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16059. [PMID: 37749158 PMCID: PMC10520043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angular limb deformity (ALD) affects many species of livestock and companion animals. The mechanisms of ALD development are not well understood, but previous research suggests the involvement of genetic risk factors. A case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with 40 ALD-affected and 302 unaffected Rambouillet rams and 40,945 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Forelimbs of 6 ALD-affected rams were examined and diagnosed with osteochondrosis. Genome-wide or chromosome-wide significant SNPs were positioned exonic, intronic or within the 3'UTR of genes TSPAN18, NRG3 and NOVA2, respectively. These genes have previously described roles related to angiogenesis and osteoblast, osteoclast and chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, which suggests the possibility for their involvement in the pathogenesis of osteochondrosis. Functional consequences of SNPs were evaluated through transcription factor binding site analysis, which predicted binding sites for transcription factors of known importance to bone growth, including SOX6, SOX9 and RUNX2. The identification of genetic risk factors for ALD may help to improve animal welfare and production in Rambouillet, a breed known to be at risk for ALD development. This study proposes genes TSPAN18, NRG3 and NOVA2 as targets for further research towards understanding the etiology of ALD in Rambouillet sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle M Becker
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Katie A Shira
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Julia L Woods
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Sarem F Khilji
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Christopher S Schauer
- Hettinger Research Extension Center, North Dakota State University, Hettinger, ND, USA
| | - Brett T Webb
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Whit C Stewart
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Brenda M Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
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Adams JM, Valentine CJ, Karns RA, Rogers LK, Murase M, Fowler GN, Nommsen-Rivers LA. DHA Supplementation Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Gene Expression in the Mammary Gland of Lactating Mothers Who Deliver Preterm. J Nutr 2022; 152:1404-1414. [PMID: 35199834 PMCID: PMC9178958 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a randomized trial of DHA supplementation to lactating mothers who delivered preterm, there were significant increases in DHA status in the mother and her infant. OBJECTIVES Our objective here was to characterize the mammary gland transcriptomes from the above study. We hypothesized that proinflammatory gene expression would be attenuated in the increased DHA group compared with the standard DHA group. METHODS In the original trial, mothers delivering at <29 wk gestation at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center and intending to express their milk were randomly assigned to supplementation with 200 mg/d DHA (standard group: STD) or 1000 mg/d DHA (experimental group: EXP) within 7 d of delivery. Here, we conducted RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of n = 5 EXP and n = 4 STD extracellular mammary mRNA samples extracted from the fat layer of milk samples obtained 4 wk postenrollment. Transcripts were assessed for differential expression (false discovery rate adjusted P value <0.05) and clustering between EXP compared with STD groups. Ontological analysis of all differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed with Toppcluster. RESULTS There were 409 DEGs. We observed 5 main groups of biological processes that were upregulated, including those associated with improved immune regulation and management of oxidative stress; and 3 main groups of biological processes that were downregulated, including 1 associated with immune dysregulation. For example, we observed upregulation of inflammation-inhibiting genes including NFKB inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA; fold-change (FC), adjusted P value: FC = 1.70, P = 0.007) and interleukin-18 binding protein (IL18BP: FC = 2.2, adjusted P = 0.02); and downregulation of proinflammatory genes including interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R: FC = -1.9, adjusted P = 0.02) and interleukin 1 receptor like 1 (IL1RL1: FC = -13.0, adjusted P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Increased DHA supplementation during lactation can modulate the expression of inflammation-related genes within the mammary gland. This might translate to milk composition with a more optimal inflammasome profile. Future research with a larger clinical trial and greater interrogation of clinical outcomes is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn M Adams
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Allied Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christina J Valentine
- Department of Neonatology, Banner University Medical Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rebekah A Karns
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Masahiko Murase
- Department of Neonatology, Showa University Hospital, Shinagawa City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Grace N Fowler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Laurie A Nommsen-Rivers
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Allied Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Becic A, Leifeld J, Shaukat J, Hollmann M. Tetraspanins as Potential Modulators of Glutamatergic Synaptic Function. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:801882. [PMID: 35046772 PMCID: PMC8761850 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.801882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins (Tspans) comprise a membrane protein family structurally defined by four transmembrane domains and intracellular N and C termini that is found in almost all cell types and tissues of eukaryotes. Moreover, they are involved in a bewildering multitude of diverse biological processes such as cell adhesion, motility, protein trafficking, signaling, proliferation, and regulation of the immune system. Beside their physiological roles, they are linked to many pathophysiological phenomena, including tumor progression regulation, HIV-1 replication, diabetes, and hepatitis. Tetraspanins are involved in the formation of extensive protein networks, through interactions not only with themselves but also with numerous other specific proteins, including regulatory proteins in the central nervous system (CNS). Interestingly, recent studies showed that Tspan7 impacts dendritic spine formation, glutamatergic synaptic transmission and plasticity, and that Tspan6 is correlated with epilepsy and intellectual disability (formerly known as mental retardation), highlighting the importance of particular tetraspanins and their involvement in critical processes in the CNS. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of tetraspanin functions in the brain, with a particular focus on their impact on glutamatergic neurotransmission. In addition, we compare available resolved structures of tetraspanin family members to those of auxiliary proteins of glutamate receptors that are known for their modulatory effects.
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9
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Harrison N, Koo CZ, Tomlinson MG. Regulation of ADAM10 by the TspanC8 Family of Tetraspanins and Their Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136707. [PMID: 34201472 PMCID: PMC8268256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) functions as a “molecular scissor”, by cleaving the extracellular regions from its membrane protein substrates in a process termed ectodomain shedding. ADAM10 is known to have over 100 substrates including Notch, amyloid precursor protein, cadherins, and growth factors, and is important in health and implicated in diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s. The tetraspanins are a superfamily of membrane proteins that interact with specific partner proteins to regulate their intracellular trafficking, lateral mobility, and clustering at the cell surface. We and others have shown that ADAM10 interacts with a subgroup of six tetraspanins, termed the TspanC8 subgroup, which are closely related by protein sequence and comprise Tspan5, Tspan10, Tspan14, Tspan15, Tspan17, and Tspan33. Recent evidence suggests that different TspanC8/ADAM10 complexes have distinct substrates and that ADAM10 should not be regarded as a single scissor, but as six different TspanC8/ADAM10 scissor complexes. This review discusses the published evidence for this “six scissor” hypothesis and the therapeutic potential this offers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neale Harrison
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (N.H.); (C.Z.K.)
| | - Chek Ziu Koo
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (N.H.); (C.Z.K.)
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Michael G. Tomlinson
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (N.H.); (C.Z.K.)
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Midlands, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)121-414-2507
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Wang K, Dong Y, Liu J, Qian L, Wang T, Gao X, Wang K, Zhou L. Effects of REDOX in Regulating and Treatment of Metabolic and Inflammatory Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5860356. [PMID: 33282111 PMCID: PMC7685846 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5860356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduction oxidation (REDOX) reaction is crucial in life activities, and its dynamic balance is regulated by ROS. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with a variety of metabolic diseases involving in multiple cellular signalling in pathologic and physiological signal transduction. ROS are the by-products of numerous enzymatic reactions in various cell compartments, including the cytoplasm, cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and peroxisome. ROS signalling is not only involved in normal physiological processes but also causes metabolic dysfunction and maladaptive responses to inflammatory signals, which depends on the cell type or tissue environment. Excess oxidants are able to alter the normal structure and function of DNA, lipids, and proteins, leading to mutations or oxidative damage. Therefore, excessive oxidative stress is usually regarded as the cause of various pathological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, and kidney diseases. Currently, it has been possible to detect diabetes and other cardiac diseases by detecting derivatives accompanied by oxidative stress in vivo as biomarkers, but there is no effective method to treat these diseases. In consequence, it is essential for us to seek new therapy targeting these diseases through understanding the role of ROS signalling in regulating metabolic activity, inflammatory activation, and cardiac diseases related to metabolic dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the current literature on REDOX and its role in the regulation of cardiac metabolism and inflammation, focusing on ROS, local REDOX signalling pathways, and other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanhan Dong
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Lili Qian
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xiangqian Gao
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Luyu Zhou
- Institute of translational medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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Komatsuya K, Kaneko K, Kasahara K. Function of Platelet Glycosphingolipid Microdomains/Lipid Rafts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155539. [PMID: 32748854 PMCID: PMC7432685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are dynamic assemblies of glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and specific proteins which are stabilized into platforms involved in the regulation of vital cellular processes. The rafts at the cell surface play important functions in signal transduction. Recent reports have demonstrated that lipid rafts are spatially and compositionally heterogeneous in the single-cell membrane. In this review, we summarize our recent data on living platelets using two specific probes of raft components: lysenin as a probe of sphingomyelin-rich rafts and BCθ as a probe of cholesterol-rich rafts. Sphingomyelin-rich rafts that are spatially and functionally distinct from the cholesterol-rich rafts were found at spreading platelets. Fibrin is translocated to sphingomyelin-rich rafts and platelet sphingomyelin-rich rafts act as platforms where extracellular fibrin and intracellular actomyosin join to promote clot retraction. On the other hand, the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI is known to be translocated to cholesterol-rich rafts during platelet adhesion to collagen. Furthermore, the functional roles of platelet glycosphingolipids and platelet raft-binding proteins including G protein-coupled receptors, stomatin, prohibitin, flotillin, and HflK/C-domain protein family, tetraspanin family, and calcium channels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Florin
- Institute for Virology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Charlotte M de Winde
- Stromal Immunology Group, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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