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Yang WH, George AP, Wang CM, Yang RH, Duncan AM, Patel D, Neil ZD, Yang WH. Tumor Suppressor p53 Down-Regulates Programmed Cell Death Protein 4 (PDCD4) Expression. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:1614-1625. [PMID: 36826085 PMCID: PMC9955764 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), a well-known tumor suppressor, inhibits translation initiation and cap-dependent translation by inhibiting the helicase activity of EIF4A. The EIF4A tends to target mRNAs with a structured 5'-UTR. In addition, PDCD4 can also prevent tumorigenesis by inhibiting tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation, and studies indicate that PDCD4 binding to certain mRNAs inhibits those mRNAs' translation. A previous study demonstrated that PDCD4 inhibits the translation of p53 mRNA and that treatment with DNA-damaging agents down-regulates PDCD4 expression but activates p53 expression. The study further demonstrated that treatment with DNA-damaging agents resulted in the downregulation of PDCD4 expression and an increase in p53 expression, suggesting a potential mechanism by which p53 regulates the expression of PDCD4. However, whether p53 directly regulates PDCD4 remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that p53 regulates PDCD4 expression. Firstly, we found that overexpression of p53 in p53-null cells (H1299 and Saos2 cells) decreased the PDCD4 protein level. Secondly, p53 decreased PDCD4 promoter activity in gene reporter assays. Moreover, we demonstrated that mutations in p53 (R273H: contact hotspot mutation, and R175H: conformational hotspot mutation) abolished p53-mediated PDCD4 repression. Furthermore, mutations in the DNA-binding domain, but not in the C-terminal regulatory domain, of p53 disrupted p53-mediated PDCD4 repression. Finally, the C-terminal regulatory domain truncation study showed that the region between aa374 and aa370 is critical for p53-mediated PDCD4 repression. Taken together, our results suggest that p53 functions as a novel regulator of PDCD4, and the relationship between p53 and PDCD4 may be involved in tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei-Hsiung Yang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-912-721-8203; Fax: +1-912-721-8268
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Yang L, Zou X, Zou J, Zhang G. A Review of Recent Research on the Role of MicroRNAs in Renal Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930639. [PMID: 33963171 PMCID: PMC8114846 DOI: 10.12659/msm.930639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a most common type of urologic neoplasms; it accounts for 3% of malignant tumors, with high rates of relapse and mortality. The most common types of renal cancer are clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC), papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), and chromophobe renal carcinoma (chRCC), which account for 90%, 6–15%, and 2–5%, respectively, of all renal malignancies. Although surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the most common treatment method for those diseases, their effects remain dissatisfactory. Furthermore, recent research shows that the treatment efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced RCC patients is widely variable. Hence, patients urgently need a new molecular biomarker for early diagnosis and evaluating the prognosis of RCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a family of short, non-coding RNAs that are highly conserved, have long half-life evolution, and post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression; they have been predicted to play crucial roles in tumor metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, differentiation, metabolism, cancer occurrence, and treatment resistance. Although some previous papers demonstrated that miRNAs play vital roles in renal cancer, such as pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis, the roles of miRNAs in kidney cancer are still unclear. Therefore, we reviewed studies indexed in PubMed from 2017 to 2020, and found several studies suggesting that there are more than 82 miRNAs involved in renal cancers. The present review describes the current status of miRNAs in RCC and their roles in progression, diagnosis, therapy targeting, and prognosis of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Yang
- First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Junrong Zou
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
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Circular RNA ITCH Is a Tumor Suppressor in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis through miR-106b-5p/PDCD4 Axis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5524344. [PMID: 33969128 PMCID: PMC8081612 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5524344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) significantly influenced survival rate of ccRCC patients. Here, we intended to investigate the impacts of circular RNA ITCH (circ-ITCH) on the metastasis of ccRCC. The expression of circ-ITCH in ccRCC tissues and cells was evaluated utilizing qRT-PCR. Transwell assay and wound healing were applied to investigate migration and invasion of ccRCC cells. Target gene prediction and screening and luciferase reporter gene assays were utilized to assess downstream target genes of circ-ITCH. Western blot was utilized to detect metastasis-related protein expression. A xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate the role of circ-ITCH in vivo. Results showed that circ-ITCH was low expressed in ccRCC tissues and cells. Downregulation circ-ITCH promoted cell migration, but overexpressing circ-ITCH inhibited cell migration and invasion in OSRC-2 and SW839 cells. Mechanism investigations claimed that circ-ITCH exerted its metastasis-inhibitory activity via sponging miR-106b-5p and regulating the expression of PDCD4. Conclusively, circ-ITCH suppresses ccRCC metastasis by enforcing PDCD4 expression through binding miR-106b-5p. circ-ITCH may function as a novel diagnostic target to suppress ccRCC metastasis.
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Clinical Significance of PDCD4 in Melanoma by Subcellular Expression and in Tumor-Associated Immune Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051049. [PMID: 33801444 PMCID: PMC7958624 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While targeting programmed cell death (PDCD) 1 is a central treatment against melanoma, little is known about the related protein PDCD4. We defined differences in melanoma PDCD4 subcellular localization (either total cellular or nuclear-only) during oncogenesis, evaluated its presence on tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and determined its impact on survival. High PDCD4 expression resulted in improved survival in patients with primary and intracranial but not extracranial metastatic melanoma. High PDCD4 levels in surrounding tumor tissue were also associated with increased infiltrating immune cells. PDCD4 may be a potentially useful biomarker in melanoma to help guide our understanding of patient prognosis. Methods to increase PDCD4 in those with melanoma brain metastases may also help improve disease response. Abstract Little is known about the subcellular localization and function of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in melanoma. Our past studies suggest PDCD4 interacts with Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing A5 (PLEKHA5) to influence melanoma brain metastasis outcomes, as high intracranial PDCD4 expression leads to improved survival. We aimed to define the subcellular distribution of PDCD4 in melanoma and in the tumor microenvironment during neoplastic progression and its impact on clinical outcomes. We analyzed multiple tissue microarrays with well-annotated clinicopathological variables using quantitative immunofluorescence and evaluated single-cell RNA-sequencing on a brain metastasis sample to characterize PDCD4+ immune cell subsets. We demonstrate differences in PDCD4 expression during neoplastic progression, with high tumor and stromal PDCD4 levels associated with improved survival in primary melanomas and in intracranial metastases, but not in extracranial metastatic disease. While the expression of PDCD4 is well-documented on CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, we show that it is also found on B cells and mast cells. PDCD4 expression in the tumor microenvironment is associated with increased immune cell infiltration. Further studies are needed to define the interaction of PDCD4 and PLEKHA5 and to evaluate the utility of this pathway as a therapeutic target in melanoma brain metastasis.
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Hu J, Wang Z, Wang J, Jian Y, Dai J, Wang X, Xiong W. MicroRNA-182 Promotes Cell Migration by Targeting Programmed Cell Death 4 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9159-9167. [PMID: 32982304 PMCID: PMC7502386 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s258251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and the third greatest cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) was reported as a potential tumor-suppressor in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, relatively little is known about mechanisms that regulate PDCD4 expression in HCC. The aim of the present study is to investigate the expression of PDCD4 and miR-182 in human HCC cell lines and clinical HCC specimens and determine whether PDCD4 is a direct target of miR-182 in HCC cell lines. Materials The expression of miR-182 and PDCD4 in human HCC cell lines and HCC tissues were examined using qRT-PCR and Western blot method. Transwell and wound healing assays were carried out to explore the influence of miR-182 on hepatoma cells migration. A luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm target association. Results In our research, we found that PDCD4 was downregulated, whereas miR-182 was upregulated in liver cancer cell lines and HCC tissues. Transwell and wound healing assays illustrated that miR-182 contributed to migration activities of liver cancer cell lines. Loss or increase of miR-182 can lead to a negative expression of PDCD4 protein level. The luciferase reporter assay showed that PDCD4 is a direct target of miR-182. Conclusion All these findings suggest that miR-182 may act as an oncogenic role in liver cancer cells by directly and negatively regulating expression of PDCD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China.,Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Putuo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Jian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China.,Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarun Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China.,Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China.,Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Wujun Xiong
- Department of Hepatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
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Nuclear PDCD4 Expression Defines a Subset of Luminal B-Like Breast Cancers with Good Prognosis. Discov Oncol 2020; 11:218-239. [PMID: 32632815 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-020-00392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hormone receptor-positive (estrogen and/or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive) and HER2-negative breast cancer (BC) subtype is a biologically heterogeneous entity that includes luminal A-like (LumA-like) and luminal B-like (LumB-like) subtypes. Decreased PR levels is a distinctive biological feature of LumB-like tumors. These tumors also show reduced sensitivity to endocrine therapies and poorer prognosis than LumA-like tumors. Identification of biomarkers to accurately predict disease relapse in these subtypes is crucial in order to select effective therapies. We identified the tumor suppressor PDCD4 (programmed cell death 4), located in the nucleus (NPDCD4), as an independent prognostic factor of good clinical outcome in LumA-like and LumB-like subtypes. NPDCD4-positive LumB-like tumors presented overall and disease-free survival rates comparable to those of NPDCD4-positive LumA-like tumors, indicating that NPDCD4 improves the outcome of LumB-like patients. In contrast, NPDCD4 loss increased the risk of disease recurrence and death in LumB-like compared with LumA-like tumors. This, along with our results showing that LumB-like tumors present lower NPDCD4 positivity than LumA-like tumors, suggests that NPDCD4 loss contributes to endocrine therapy resistance in LumB-like BCs. We also revealed that PR induces PDCD4 transcription in LumB-like BC, providing a mechanistic explanation to the low PDCD4 levels in LumB-like BCs lacking PR. Finally, PDCD4 silencing enhanced BC cell survival in a patient-derived explant model of LumB-like disease. Our discoveries highlight NPDCD4 as a novel biomarker in LumA- and LumB-like subtypes, which could be included in the panel of immunohistochemical markers used in the clinic to accurately predict the prognosis of LumB-like tumors.
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Zhang H, Zhu H, Deng G, Zito CR, Oria VO, Rane CK, Zhang S, Weiss SA, Tran T, Adeniran A, Zhang F, Zhou J, Kluger Y, Bosenberg MW, Kluger HM, Jilaveanu LB. PLEKHA5 regulates tumor growth in metastatic melanoma. Cancer 2019; 126:1016-1030. [PMID: 31769872 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PLEKHA5 has previously been identified as a novel molecule implicated in melanoma brain metastasis, a disease that continues to portend a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to further investigate the functional role of PLEKHA5 in disseminated melanoma. METHODS The impact of PLEKHA5 on proliferation and tumor growth was examined in vitro and in melanoma xenograft models, including brain-tropic melanomas (melanomas tending to disseminate to the brain). In vitro loss- and gain-of-function studies were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of PLEKHA5-mediated tumor growth and the crosstalk between PLEKHA5 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR or MAPK/ERK signaling. The clinical relevance of PLEKHA5 dysregulation was further investigated in a cohort of matched cranial and extracranial melanoma metastases. RESULTS PLEKHA5 stable knockdown negatively regulated cell proliferation by inhibiting the G1 -to-S cell cycle transition, which coincided with upregulation of the cell cycle regulator PDCD4. Conversely, ectopic PLEKHA5 expression exhibited the inverse effect. PLEKHA5 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth, whereas its overexpression upregulated the growth of tumors, which was induced by cranial and subcutaneous inoculation of cells in nude mice. PLEKHA5 modulation affected PDCD4 protein stability and was coupled with changes in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway signaling. High PDCD4 expression in cerebral specimens was associated with better overall survival. CONCLUSIONS This study further supports the role of PLEKHA5 as a regulator of melanoma growth at distant sites, including the brain. Furthermore, the results highlight the significance of PDCD4 dysregulation in disseminated melanoma and implicate PDCD4 as a possible causal link between PLEKHA5 and cell proliferation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Zhang
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Zhu
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Christopher R Zito
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Biology, School of Arts, Sciences, Business, and Education, University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Victor O Oria
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chetan K Rane
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sarah A Weiss
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Thuy Tran
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Adebowale Adeniran
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Fanfan Zhang
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuval Kluger
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marcus W Bosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Harriet M Kluger
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lucia B Jilaveanu
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Matsuhashi S, Manirujjaman M, Hamajima H, Ozaki I. Control Mechanisms of the Tumor Suppressor PDCD4: Expression and Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092304. [PMID: 31075975 PMCID: PMC6539695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PDCD4 is a novel tumor suppressor to show multi-functions inhibiting cell growth, tumor invasion, metastasis, and inducing apoptosis. PDCD4 protein binds to the translation initiation factor eIF4A, some transcription factors, and many other factors and modulates the function of the binding partners. PDCD4 downregulation stimulates and PDCD4 upregulation inhibits the TPA-induced transformation of cells. However, PDCD4 gene mutations have not been found in tumor cells but gene expression was post transcriptionally downregulated by micro environmental factors such as growth factors and interleukins. In this review, we focus on the suppression mechanisms of PDCD4 protein that is induced by the tumor promotors EGF and TPA, and in the inflammatory conditions. PDCD4-protein is phosphorylated at 2 serines in the SCFβTRCP ubiquitin ligase binding sequences via EGF and/or TPA induced signaling pathway, ubiquitinated, by the ubiquitin ligase and degraded in the proteasome system. The PDCD4 protein synthesis is inhibited by microRNAs including miR21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Matsuhashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
| | - M Manirujjaman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Hamajima
- Saga Food & Cosmetics Laboratory, Division of Food Manufacturing Industry Promotion, SAGA Regional Industry Support Center, 114 Yaemizo, Nabesima-Machi, Saga 849-0932, Japan.
| | - Iwata Ozaki
- Health Administration Center, Saga Medical School, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
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Liu Y, Sun H, Mao H, Gao M, Tan X, Li Y, Li Y, Muloye GM, Zhang L, Wang X, Wei Z. Expression of tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas and clinicopathological significance. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9369-9376. [PMID: 29805661 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), as a novel tumor suppressor, serves important roles in the pathogenesis of tumors. The expression of PDCD4 is downregulated or lost in various human tumors. However, the expression of PDCD4 in endometrial cancer and the clinicopathological significance remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of PDCD4 in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) and the association with clinicopathological parameters. The expression of PDCD4 in EEC tissues and control endometrium was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. PDCD4 expression was also investigated in control endometrial glandular epithelial cells and the endometrial cancer KLE cell line by immunocytochemistry, and the association between PDCD4 expression and clinicopathological parameters of patients with EEC was analyzed. The results demonstrated that PDCD4-positive staining was mainly located in the cytoplasm of endometrial glandular epithelial cells and EEC cells. The staining index of PDCD4 in the proliferative phase was significantly increased compared with that in the secretory phase of control endometrium (P<0.001). There was significantly decreased PDCD4 expression in grade (G) 2/3 EEC tissues compared with the proliferative phase of control endometrium (P<0.001). PDCD4 expression was significantly associated with tumor grade. The PDCD4 levels in G1 EEC tissues were higher compared with the G2/3 EEC group (P<0.01). The results indicated that PDCD4 is associated with the histological grade of EEC, and that PDCD4 may be a valuable indicator of the degree of tumor malignancy in patients with EEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Services, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Hongju Mao
- Department of Infection, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guy Mutangala Muloye
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zengtao Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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10
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Abdulhussain MM, Hasan NA, Hussain AG. Interrelation of the Circulating and Tissue MicroRNA-21 with Tissue PDCD4 Expression and the Invasiveness of Iraqi Female Breast Tumors. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 34:26-38. [PMID: 30728670 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The changes in the translational repression and variation in mRNA degradation induced by micro RNA are important aspects of tumorigenesis. The association of microRNA-21 with clinicopathologic features and expression of programed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in Iraqi female's with breast tumors has not been studied. MicroRNAs were extracted from a set of 60 breast tumor tissues and blood samples of females with breast cancer and benign breast lesions obtained after breast-reductive surgery, and only blood samples from 30 normal volunteers. These extracts were evaluated for miR-21 expression by quantitative RT-PCR. Analysis of PDCD4 protein expression was carried out as miR-21 target gene by immunohistochemical tests and correlating the results with patients' clinicopathological features. Significant overexpression of miRNA-21 was found in breast cancer group. The fold increase in the miR-21 gene expression was significantly higher in circulating exosomes and breast tissues of breast cancer patients as compared to other groups (P < 0.001). Overexpression of miR-21 was also significantly associated with the advanced tumor stage and histological grade. In breast cancer patients, PDCD4 protein expression was decreased to about 70% of the level in the control group. The delta Ct of exosomal and breast tissue miRNA-21 was negatively associated with PDCD4 expression. In conclusion, the translational repression of the PDCD4 induced by the high expression of miR-21 promotes breast cell transformation and development of breast tumor, and circulating miR-21 level could be applied to the screening panels for early detection of women breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena M Abdulhussain
- 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Najat A Hasan
- 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alaa G Hussain
- 2Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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11
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Zhang R, Xia T. Long non-coding RNA XIST regulates PDCD4 expression by interacting with miR-21-5p and inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and metastasis. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1460-1470. [PMID: 29048648 PMCID: PMC5643066 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
lncRNA-X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) has been demonstrated to be a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis and development of various cancers. However, the function of XIST and its working mechanism in osteosarcoma (OS) remain enigmatic. Firstly, we determined the expression of XIST in OS tissues and cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and explored whether aberrant XIST expression was associated with recurrence and short overall survival. Furthermore, the effects of XIST on osteosarcoma cells were studied by lentivirus mediated overexpression approach in vitro and in vivo. Detection of a set of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was performed to explore whether XIST is involved in EMT. Finally, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of XIST acting as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-21-5p in OS progression and metastasis. lncRNA XIST was significantly downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cells, and associated with recurrence and short overall survival in OS patients. XIST overexpression remarkably inhibited the proliferation of OS cells as well as the xenograft tumor formation in vivo. Both cell invasion and migration were inhibited by XIST overexpression via suppressing the EMT process. These results indicated that XIST functioned as a tumor suppressor in OS. Moreover, we found that miR-21-5p interacted with XIST by directly targeting the miRNA-binding site in the XIST sequence, and qRT-PCR results showed XIST and miR-21-5p could affect each other's expression, respectively. The following assays verified that the tumor suppressor, PDCD4 was a functional target of miR-21-5p in OS cells. Finally, we affirmed that XIST regulated PDCD4 expression by competitively binding to miR-21-5p. XIST inhibited cell proliferation and cell mobility by competitively binding to miR-21-5p and upregulating PDCD4 in OS. Our study demonstrated that lncRNA-XIST, which acts as a miRNA sponge, impedes miR-21-5p to maintain the expression of PDCD4, which contributes to the progression of OS. Our findings suggest that the newly identified XIST/miR-21-5p/PDCD4 axis could be a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201112, P.R. China
| | - Tian Xia
- Shanghai Mierxuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Yuan H, Xin S, Huang Y, Bao Y, Jiang H, Zhou L, Ren X, Li L, Wang Q, Zhang J. Downregulation of PDCD4 by miR-21 suppresses tumor transformation and proliferation in a nude mouse renal cancer model. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3371-3378. [PMID: 28927090 PMCID: PMC5588042 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is known to suppress neoplastic transformation, cell proliferation and metastasis, and to be downregulated by microRNA-21 (miR-21) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines and tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of and association between PDCD4 and miR-21 in a nude mouse renal cancer model. A total of 24 BALB/c male nude mice were randomly assigned into the following three groups: Negative control (NC; n=8), miR-21 inhibitor (n=8) and miR-21 mimic (n=8). Subsequently, renal cell adenocarcinoma 786-O cells were subcutaneously transplanted into the armpits of the mice, which were then injected daily with NC small interfering (si)RNA, precursor-miR-21 (mimic) or anti-miR-21 (inhibitor). Tumors were removed from the mice and weighed 16 days following 786-O cell transplantation. In addition, the expression of miR-21 and PDCD4 mRNA in cancer tissues was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The expression of PDCD4 protein in cancer tissues was also examined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Furthermore, 786-O cells were transfected with PDCD4 siRNA or NC siRNA, and the effects of silencing PDCD4 on tumor cell growth, proliferation and invasion were investigated using soft agar colony formation, EdU cell proliferation assay and Transwell migration and invasion assays. Another 16 BALB/c male nude mice were randomly assigned into two groups as follows: NC (n=8) and PDCD4 siRNA (n=8). The 786-O cells were subcutaneously transplanted into the armpits of the mice, which were subsequently injected daily with NC siRNA or PDCD4 siRNA. The tumors were removed and weighed 16 days following transplantation. Compared with the NC group, tumor weight in the miR-21 mimic group was significantly increased. By contrast, tumor weight in the miR-21 inhibitor group was significantly decreased. Similar to the results observed in human renal cancer tissue and cell lines, miR-21 expression in the nude mouse renal cancer models was significantly upregulated in the miR-21 mimic group compared with the NC group, while it was significantly lower in the miR-21 inhibitor group. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in PDCD4 protein levels in the miR-21 mimic group and a significant increase in the miR-21 inhibitor group compared with the NC, whereas PDCD4 mRNA expression was not significantly altered. In the EdU proliferation assay, the mean percentage of new cells that incorporated EdU was 28.6% in the NC siRNA group and significantly increased to 44.7% in PDCD4 siRNA transfected cells. In the soft agar colony formation assay, Transwell and migration and invasion assays, a significant increase in colony formation, migration and invasion capacity in PDCD4 siRNA-transfected cells was observed compared with the NC. Furthermore, compared with the NC group, tumor weight in the PDCD4 siRNA group was significantly increased. Similar to the results observed in human renal cancer tissue and cell lines, miR-21 promoted cancer cell hyperplasia and proliferation, and post-transcriptionally downregulated PDCD4 protein expression, in the nude mouse renal cancer model. The results of the present study and previous studies indicate that PDCD4 and miR-21 serve an important role in renal cancer. Thus, increasing PDCD4 expression or inhibiting miR-21 expression may constitute effective novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Xin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yaoping Huang
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
| | - Yingfan Bao
- Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Wendeng Central Hospital of Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Liqing Zhou
- Department of Rheumatism Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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Li JZH, Gao W, Ho WK, Lei WB, Wei WI, Chan JYW, Wong TS. The clinical association of programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) with solid tumors and its prognostic significance: a meta-analysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2016; 35:95. [PMID: 27852288 PMCID: PMC5112731 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-016-0158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) is a novel tumor suppressor protein involved in programmed cell death. Its association with cancer progression has been observed in multiple tumor models, but evidence supporting its association with solid tumors in humans remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the clinical significance and prognostic value of PDCD4 in solid tumors. Methods A systematic literature review was performed to retrieve publications with available clinical information and survival data. The eligibility of the selected articles was based on the criteria of the Dutch Cochrane Centre proposed by the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology group. Pooled odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for survival analysis were calculated. Publication bias was examined by Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Results Clinical data of 2227 cancer patients with solid tumors from 23 studies were evaluated. PDCD4 expression was significantly associated with the differentiation status of head and neck cancer (OR 4.25, 95% CI 1.87–9.66) and digestive system cancer (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.84–4.48). Down-regulation of PDCD4 was significantly associated with short overall survival of patients with head and neck (HR: 3.44, 95% CI 2.38–4.98), breast (HR: 1.86, 95% CI 1.36–2.54), digestive system (HR: 2.12, 95% CI 1.75–2.56), and urinary system cancers (HR: 3.16, 95% CI 1.06–9.41). Conclusions The current evidence suggests that PDCD4 down-regulation is involved in the progression of several types of solid tumor and is a potential marker for solid tumor prognoses. Its clinical usefulness should be confirmed by large-scale prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Zeng Hong Li
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Wai-Kuen Ho
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Wen Bin Lei
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, P. R. China
| | - William Ignace Wei
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jimmy Yu-Wai Chan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Thian-Sze Wong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China.
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Mao XH, Chen M, Wang Y, Cui PG, Liu SB, Xu ZY. MicroRNA-21 regulates the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway to affect the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of human melanoma A375 cells by targeting SPRY1, PDCD4, and PTEN. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:886-894. [PMID: 27533779 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway on human melanoma A375 cells. The melanoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 45 melanoma patients. qRT-PCR was conducted to quantify the expression of miR-21 and the gene mRNA expressions. Human melanoma A375 cells were divided into the Mock, negative control (NC), miR-21 inhibitors, miR-21 inhibitors + siRNA-SPRY1, miR-21 inhibitors + siRNA-PDCD4, and miR-21 inhibitors + siRNA-PTEN groups. Western blotting was used to determine protein expressions. CCK8 assay and Transwell assay were performed to evaluate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A375 cells. Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining was adopted to detect cell apoptosis. MiR-21 expression was higher in melanoma tissues than in adjacent tissues, while the mRNA and protein expressions of SPRY1, PDCD4, and PTEN were lower in melanoma tissues than in adjacent tissues. Compared with the Mock and NC groups, the miR-21 inhibitors group exhibited increased expressions of SPRY1, PDCD4, and PTEN and decreased expressions of ERK, p-ERK, NF-κB p65, and p-NF-κB p65. After transfection of miR-21 inhibitors, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A375 cells were inhibited, while the apoptosis of A375 cells was promoted. However, the effects of miR-21 inhibitors on the growth, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of A375 cells were reversed after transfection of siRNA-SPRY1, siRNA-PDCD4, or siRNA-PTEN. MiR-21 can promote the proliferation, migration, and inhibit the apoptosis of human melanoma A375 cells by inhibiting SPRY1, PDCD4, and PTEN via ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hua Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yixing People's Hospital, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pan-Gen Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Si-Bian Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
| | - Zei-Yong Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China
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Targeting the eIF4A RNA helicase as an anti-neoplastic approach. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1849:781-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Abstract
Dysregulation of mRNA translation is a frequent feature of neoplasia. Many oncogenes and tumour suppressors affect the translation machinery, making aberrant translation a widespread characteristic of tumour cells, independent of the genetic make-up of the cancer. Therefore, therapeutic agents that target components of the protein synthesis apparatus hold promise as novel anticancer drugs that can overcome intra-tumour heterogeneity. In this Review, we discuss the role of translation in cancer, with a particular focus on the eIF4F (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F) complex, and provide an overview of recent efforts aiming to 'translate' these results to the clinic.
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Fischer N, Göke F, Kahl P, Splittstößer V, Lankat-Buttgereit B, Müller SC, Ellinger J. Programmed cell death protein 4 expression in renal cell carcinoma, penile carcinoma and testicular germ cell cancer. World J Clin Urol 2014; 3:351-357. [DOI: 10.5410/wjcu.v3.i3.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) tumor suppressor gene in tissue specimen of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), testicular germ cell cancer and penile cancer.
METHODS: Pdcd4 expression was studied using immunohistochemistry in 188 cases of RCC and 28 controls (including 9 oncocytoma); in 74 cases of penile carcinoma (including 17 metastatic tissue samples) and 26 controls; in 11 cases of seminoma, in 14 cases of non-seminoma and 5 controls.
RESULTS: Control tissues exhibited strong core and cytoplasmatic Pdcd4 staining. In contrast, core and cytoplasmatic Pdcd4 levels were significantly decreased in cancer tissues.
CONCLUSION: Our data support a role for Pdcd4 (down-) regulation in urologic tumors. Interestingly, Pdcd4 expression seem to be a potential diagnostic marker for renal or penile tumors.
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Bera A, Das F, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Kasinath BS, Abboud HE, Choudhury GG. microRNA-21-induced dissociation of PDCD4 from rictor contributes to Akt-IKKβ-mTORC1 axis to regulate renal cancer cell invasion. Exp Cell Res 2014; 328:99-117. [PMID: 25016284 PMCID: PMC4177976 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal cancer metastasis may result from oncogenic forces that contribute to the primary tumor. We have recently identified microRNA-21 as an oncogenic driver of renal cancer cells. The mechanism by which miR-21 controls renal cancer cell invasion is poorly understood. We show that miR-21 directly downregulates the proapoptotic protein PDCD4 to increase migration and invasion of ACHN and 786-O renal cancer cells as a result of phosphorylation/activation of Akt and IKKβ, which activate NFκB-dependent transcription. Constitutively active (CA) Akt or CA IKKβ blocks PDCD4-mediated inhibition and restores renal cancer cell migration and invasion. PDCD4 inhibits mTORC1 activity, which was reversed by CA IKKβ. Moreover, CA mTORC1 restores cell migration and invasion inhibited by PDCD4 and dominant negative IKKβ. Moreover, PDCD4 negatively regulates mTORC2-dependent Akt phosphorylation upstream of this cascade. We show that PDCD4 forms a complex with rictor, an exclusive component of mTORC2, and that this complex formation is reduced in renal cancer cells due to increased miR-21 expression resulting in enhanced phosphorylation of Akt. Thus our results identify a previously unrecognized signaling node where high miR-21 levels reduce rictor-PDCD4 interaction to increase phosphorylation of Akt and contribute to metastatic fitness of renal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- Veterans Administration Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Veterans Administration Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hanna E Abboud
- Veterans Administration Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Veterans Administration Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Luo X, Gu J, Zhu R, Feng M, Zhu X, Li Y, Fei J. Integrative analysis of differential miRNA and functional study of miR-21 by seed-targeting inhibition in multiple myeloma cells in response to berberine. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2014; 8:82. [PMID: 25000828 PMCID: PMC4096730 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-8-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Berberine is a natural alkaloid derived from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is known to modulate microRNA (miRNA) levels, although the mechanism for this action is unknown. Here, we previously demonstrate that the expression of 87 miRNAs is differentially affected by berberine in multiple myeloma cells. Among 49 miRNAs that are down-regulated, nine act as oncomirs, including miR-21. Integrative analysis showed that 28 of the down-regulated miRNAs participate in tumor protein p53 (TP53) signaling and other cancer pathways. miR-21 is involved in all these pathways, and is one of the most important oncomirs to be affected by berberine in multiple myeloma cells. Results We confirmed that berberine down-regulated miRNA-21 expression and significantly up-regulated the expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a predicted miR-21 target. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that PDCD4 was directly regulated by miR-21. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the miR-21 promoter can be targeted by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Down-regulation of interleukin 6 (IL6) by berberine might lead to inhibition of miR-21 transcription through STAT3 down-regulation in multiple myeloma. Furthermore, both berberine and seed-targeting anti-miR-21 oligonucleotide induced apoptosis, G2-phase cell cycle arrest and colony inhibition in multiple myeloma cell lines. Depletion of PDCD4 by short interfering RNA could rescue berberine-induced cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that berberine suppresses multiple myeloma cell growth, at least in part, by down-regulating miR-21 levels possibly through IL6/STAT3. This led to increased PDCD4 expression, which is likely to result in suppression of the p53 signaling pathway. These findings may also provide new mechanistic insight into the anti-cancer effects of certain compounds in traditional Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jia Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Vikhreva PN, Shepelev MV, Korobko IV. mTOR-dependent transcriptional repression of Pdcd4 tumor suppressor in lung cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2013; 1839:43-9. [PMID: 24334141 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) tumor suppressor is frequently lost in tumors of various origins including lung cancer, and its loss contributes to tumor progression. However molecular mechanisms underlying Pdcd4 suppression in lung cancer cells remain largely unexplored. Here we investigated molecular mechanisms of Pdcd4 suppression in lung cancer cells. Besides enhanced mTOR-dependent proteasomal degradation of Pdcd4 protein, we found that Pdcd4 transcription is negatively regulated by mTOR signaling, and localized cis-acting element in Pdcd4 promoter responsible for this effect. In conclusion, we described a novel molecular mechanism of Pdcd4 suppression in cancer cells consisting from mTOR signaling-dependent transcriptional repression of Pdcd4.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Vikhreva
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov str., Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - M V Shepelev
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov str., Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - I V Korobko
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov str., Moscow 119334, Russia.
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21
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Tumor suppressor PDCD4 modulates miR-184-mediated direct suppression of C-MYC and BCL2 blocking cell growth and survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e872. [PMID: 24157866 PMCID: PMC3824685 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a novel tumor suppressor, inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as promotes cell apoptosis in tumors. However, the molecular mechanism of its tumor-suppressive function remains largely unknown in tumors including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, downregulated PDCD4 expression was significantly associated with the status of NPC progression and poor prognosis. PDCD4 markedly suppressed the ability of cell proliferation and cell survival by modulating C-MYC-controlled cell cycle and BCL-2-mediated mitochondrion apoptosis resistance signals, and oncogenic transcription factor C-JUN in NPC. Furthermore, miR-184, a tumor-suppressive miRNA modulated by PDCD4 directly targeting BCL2 and C-MYC, participated in PDCD4-mediated suppression of cell proliferation and survival in NPC. Further, we found that PDCD4 decreased the binding of C-Jun to the AP-1 element on the miR-184 promoter regions by PI3K/AKT/JNK/C-Jun pathway and stimulated miR-184 expression. In clinical fresh specimens, reduced PDCD4 mRNA level was positively correlated with miR-184 expression in NPC. Our studies are the first to demonstrate that PDCD4 as tumor suppressor regulated miR-184-mediated direct targeting of BCL2 and C-MYC via PI3K/AKT and JNK/C-Jun pathway attenuating cell proliferation and survival in NPC.
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Qi C, Shao Y, Li N, Zhang C, Zhao M, Gao F. Prognostic significance of PDCD4 expression in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Med Oncol 2013; 30:491. [PMID: 23389919 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) has been recognized as a tumor suppressor gene that may inhibit neoplastic transformation and tumor promotion/progression. It was demonstrated that PDCD4 expression was associated with prognosis of multiple types of tumors and cancers. However, PDCD4 expression in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) has not been studied. We analyzed PDCD4 protein level by immunohistochemistry in 96 cases of ACC and found that PDCD4 expression was downregulated in 64.6 % (62/96) of tumor samples compared with adjacent nontumor salivary gland tissues. Moreover, decreased PDCD4 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage of the disease (P < 0.01). Analyses of overall survival and disease-specific survival by Kaplan-Meier method revealed that poor prognosis of ACC patients was associated with decreased PDCD4 expression (χ (2) = 5.971, P = 0.013; χ (2) = 4.274, P = 0.029). Furthermore, multivariate Cox model analysis demonstrated that PDCD4 expression was an independent risk factor for ACC (P < 0.05). Thus, our study suggested, for the first time, that PDCD4 expression might have an essential role in the progression of ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qi
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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