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Al-Shafie TA, Mahrous EA, Shukry M, Alshahrani MY, Ibrahim SF, Fericean L, Abdelkader A, Ali MA. A Proposed Association between Improving Energy Metabolism of HepG2 Cells by Plant Extracts and Increasing Their Sensitivity to Doxorubicin. TOXICS 2023; 11:182. [PMID: 36851057 PMCID: PMC9967676 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Increasing cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy by amending aberrant metabolism using plant extracts represents a promising strategy to lower chemotherapy doses while retaining the same therapeutic outcome. Here, we incubated HepG2 cells with four plant extracts that were selected based on an earlier assessment of their cytotoxicity, viz asparagus, green tea, rue, and avocado, separately, before treatment with doxorubicin. MTT assays elucidated a significant decrease in doxorubicin-IC50 following HepG2 incubation with each extract, albeit to a variable extent. The investigated extract's ultra-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS and GC/MS) revealed several constituents with anticancer activity. Biochemical investigation displayed several favorable effects, including the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor1α (HIF1α), c-Myc, pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2), lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and glutaminase by asparagus and rue extracts. To less extent, HIF1α, c-Myc, PKM2, and LDH-A were partially inhibited by green tea extract, and HIF1α and glutaminase activity was inhibited by avocado oil. Undesirably, green tea extract increased glutaminase; avocado oil rose c-Myc, and both increased G6PD. In conclusion, our study confirms the potential cytotoxic effects of these plant extracts. It highlights a strong association between the ability of asparagus, green tea, rue, and avocado to sensitize HepG2 cells to doxorubicin and their power to amend cell metabolism, suggesting their use as add-on agents that might aid in clinically lowering the doxorubicin dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer A. Al-Shafie
- Faculty of Dentistry, Biochemistry Department, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21532, Egypt
| | - Engy A. Mahrous
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Cairo University, Cairo 11435, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah F. Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Liana Fericean
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biology and Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, CUI 3487181, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Afaf Abdelkader
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah A. Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21532, Egypt
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2
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Saleh MA, Antar SA, Abdo W, Ashour A, Zaki AA. Genistin modulates high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in Ehrlich-ascites-carcinoma-bearing mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:966-978. [PMID: 35907070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second-largest cause of death. Although there are numerous cancer treatment options, they are typically uncomfortable owing to side effects and ineffectual due to increased resistance to traditional anti-cancer medications or radiation therapy. A key method in cancer treatment is to target delayed/inhibited inflammation and apoptosis, which are very active areas of research. Natural chemicals originating from plants are of particular interest because of their high bioavailability, safety, few side effects, and, most importantly, cost-effectiveness. Flavonoids have become incredibly common as anti-cancer medications, with promising findings as cytotoxic anti-cancer agents that cause cancer cell death. Isolated compound (genistin) was evaluated for in vitro antiproliferative activity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The compound exhibited good cytotoxic activities against both cell lines. In vivo antiproliferative efficacy was also investigated in Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC). Compared to the control group, genistin revealed a significant decrease in tumor weight, volume, high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) contents. On the other hand, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) contents increase suggesting an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity through inhibition of HMGB1 signaling and activating the Bcl-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Zaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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3
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Zhao Y, Chard Dunmall LS, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Si L. Natural products targeting glycolysis in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036502. [PMID: 36386122 PMCID: PMC9663463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many energy metabolism pathways exist in cancer, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration. Tumor cells mainly generate energy through glycolysis to maintain growth and biosynthesis of tumor cells under aerobic conditions. Natural products regulate many steps in glycolysis and targeting glycolysis using natural products is a promising approach to cancer treatment. In this review, we exemplify the relationship between glycolysis and tumors, demonstrate the natural products that have been discovered to target glycolysis for cancer treatment and clarify the mechanisms involved in their actions. Natural products, such as resveratrol mostly found in red grape skin, licochalcone A derived from root of Glycyrrhiza inflate, and brusatol found in Brucea javanica and Brucea mollis, largely derived from plant or animal material, can affect glycolysis pathways in cancer by targeting glycolytic enzymes and related proteins, oncogenes, and numerous glycolytic signal proteins. Knowledge of how natural products regulate aerobic glycolysis will help illuminate the mechanisms by which these products can be used as therapeutics to inhibit cancer cell growth and regulate cellular metabolism. Systematic Review Registration: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, https://clinicaltrials.gov/, http://lib.zzu.edu.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Louisa S Chard Dunmall
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhenguo Cheng
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lingling Si
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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Xue Z, Li H, Xie W, Xu Y, Zhou L, Qu ZB. Benzo[ d]isoxazole Derivatives as Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1864-1869. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zian Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Huiti Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wenhao Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhi-bei Qu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200120, China
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5
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Iahtisham-Ul-Haq, Khan S, Awan KA, Iqbal MJ. Sulforaphane as a potential remedy against cancer: Comprehensive mechanistic review. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13886. [PMID: 34350614 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane belongs to the active class of isothiocyanates capable of delivering various biological benefits for health promotion and disease prevention. This compound is considered vital to curtail numerous metabolic disorders. Various studies have proven its beneficial effects against cancer prevention and its possible utilization as a therapeutic agent in cancer treatment. Understanding the mechanistic pathways and possible interactions at cellular and subcellular levels is key to design and develop cancer therapeutics for humans. In this respect, a number of mechanisms such as modulation of carcinogen metabolism & phase II enzymatic activities, cell cycle arrest, activation of Nrf2, cytotoxic, proapoptotic and apoptotic pathways have been reported to be involved in cancer prevention. This article provides sufficient information by critical analysis to understand the mechanisms involved in cancer prevention attributed to sulforaphane. Furthermore, various clinical studies have also been included for design and development of novel therapies for cancer prevention and cure. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diet and dietary components are potential tools to address various lifestyle-related disorders. Due to plenty of environmental and cellular toxicants, the chances of cancer prevalence are quite large which are worsen by adopting unhealthy lifestyles. Cancer can be treated with various therapies but those are acquiring side effects causing the patients to suffer the treatment regime. Nutraceuticals and functional foods provide safer options to prevent or delay the onset of cancer. In this regard, sulforaphane is a pivotal compound to be targeted as a potential agent for cancer treatment both in preventive and therapeutic regimes. This article provides sufficient evidence via discussing the underlying mechanisms of positive effects of sulforaphane to further the research for developing anticancer drugs that will help assuage this lethal morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iahtisham-Ul-Haq
- School of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sipper Khan
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Tropics and Subtropics Group, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kanza Aziz Awan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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6
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Cohen S, Chung S, Spiess C, Lundin V, Stefanich E, Laing ST, Clark V, Brumm J, Zhou Y, Huang C, Guerrero J, Myneni S, Yadav R, Siradze K, Peng K. An integrated approach for characterizing immunogenic responses toward a bispecific antibody. MAbs 2021; 13:1944017. [PMID: 34225571 PMCID: PMC8265794 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1944017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) recognize and bind two different targets or two epitopes of the same antigen, making them an attractive diagnostic and treatment modality. Compared to the production of conventional bivalent monospecific antibodies, bsAbs require greater engineering and manufacturing. Therefore, bsAbs are more likely to differ from endogenous immunoglobulins and contain new epitopes that can increase immunogenic risk. Anti-A/B is a bsAb designed using a ‘knobs-into-holes’ (KIH) format. Anti-A/B exhibited an unexpectedly high immunogenicity in both preclinical and clinical studies, resulting in early termination of clinical development. Here, we used an integrated approach that combined in silico analysis, in vitro assays, and an in vivo study in non-human primates to characterize anti-A/B immunogenicity. Our findings indicated that the immunogenicity is associated with epitopes in the anti-B arm and not with mutations engineered through the KIH process. Our results showed the value of this integrated approach for performing immunogenicity risk assessment during clinical candidate selection to effectively mitigate risks during bsAb development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Cohen
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shan Chung
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christoph Spiess
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Victor Lundin
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Steven T Laing
- Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Clark
- Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jochen Brumm
- Department of Biostatistics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Huang
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joyce Guerrero
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Srividya Myneni
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Ketevan Siradze
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kun Peng
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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7
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Ma Z, Wang LZ, Cheng JT, Lam WST, Ma X, Xiang X, Wong ALA, Goh BC, Gong Q, Sethi G, Wang L. Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1-Mediated Metastasis for Cancer Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1484-1497. [PMID: 33198508 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Hypoxia is emerging as a crucial regulator of the tumor microenvironment; it governs the metastatic potential of multiple primary cancers. It is also potentially involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis, tumor metabolism, and proangiogenic activity. Recent Advances: A wealth of clinical data across a wide range of cancer types has revealed strong correlations between hypoxia or the overexpression of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors and the rates of distant metastases and poor prognoses. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, one of the key regulatory molecules of the HIF-1 signaling pathways, is involved in multiple crucial steps in the metastatic cascade. Critical Issues: Here, we present recent findings on the roles of the HIF-1 complex in tumor metastasis and highlight the potential of HIF-1α as a target for abrogating tumor metastasis. Moreover, we systematically describe the regulatory role of HIF-1 at each step of the metastatic cascade. Finally, we present the most recent advances in potential pharmacological interventions and the development of specific HIF-1 inhibitors for blocking tumor metastasis. Future Directions: Well-designed clinical trials are urgently needed to validate the anti-metastatic activity of HIF-1 inhibitors discovered in preclinical models. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1484-1497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowu Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, China
| | - Louis Zizhao Wang
- SingHealth Internal Medicine Residency Programme, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun-Ting Cheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, China
| | - Walter Sze Tung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Andrea Li-Ann Wong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, China
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Devarajan N, Manjunathan R, Ganesan SK. Tumor hypoxia: The major culprit behind cisplatin resistance in cancer patients. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 162:103327. [PMID: 33862250 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is the most commonly used first-line drug for cancer treatment. However, many patients develop resistance to cisplatin therapy which ultimately results in therapy failure and increased mortality. A growing body of evidence shows that the hypoxic microenvironment is the prime factor underlying tumor insensitivity to cisplatin treatment. Since tumors in the majority of cancer patients are under hypoxic stress (low oxygen supply), it becomes necessary to understand the pathobiology behind hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance in cancer cells. Here, we discuss the molecular events that render hypoxic tumors insensitive to cisplatin therapy. Furthermore, various drugs and tumor oxygenation techniques have been developed to circumvent cisplatin resistance in hypoxic tumors. However, their pharmaceutical applications are limited due to failures in clinical investigations and a lack of preclinical studies in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. This review addresses these challenges and provides new directions for the strategic deployment of cisplatin sensitizers in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Devarajan
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Maduravoyal, Chennai, 600095, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Reji Manjunathan
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Chengalpattu Government Medical College, Chengalpattu, 603001, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Senthil Kumar Ganesan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, TRUE Campus, CN Block-6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 091, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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9
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Shah HM, Jain AS, Joshi SV, Kharkar PS. Crocetin and related oxygen diffusion-enhancing compounds: Review of chemical synthesis, pharmacology, clinical development, and novel therapeutic applications. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:883-895. [PMID: 33817811 PMCID: PMC8273373 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The current pandemic forced us to introspect and revisit our armamentarium of medicinal agents which could be life‐saving in emergency situations. Oxygen diffusion‐enhancing compounds represent one such class of potential therapeutic agents, particularly in ischemic conditions. As rewarding as the name suggests, these agents, represented by the most advanced and first‐in‐class molecule, trans‐sodium crocetinate (TSC), are the subject of intense clinical investigation, including Phase 1b/2b clinical trials for COVID‐19. Being a successor of a natural product, crocetin, TSC is being investigated for various cancers as a radiosensitizer owing to its oxygen diffusion enhancement capability. The unique properties of TSC make it a promising therapeutic agent for various ailments such as hemorrhagic shock, stroke, heart attack, among others. The present review outlines various (bio)synthetic strategies, pharmacological aspects, clinical overview and potential therapeutic benefits of crocetin and related compounds including TSC. The recent literature focusing on the delivery aspects of these compounds is covered as well to paint the complete picture to the curious reader. Given the potential TSC holds as a first‐in‐class agent, small‐ and/or macromolecular therapeutics based on the core concept of improved oxygen diffusion from blood to the surrounding tissues where it is needed the most, will be developed in future and satisfy the unmet medical need for many diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hriday M Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashvi S Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Shreerang V Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Prashant S Kharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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10
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Devarajan N, Jayaraman S, Mahendra J, Venkatratnam P, Rajagopal P, Palaniappan H, Ganesan SK. Berberine-A potent chemosensitizer and chemoprotector to conventional cancer therapies. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3059-3077. [PMID: 33559280 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are mainstay treatments for cancer patients. However, their clinical outcomes are highly limited by the resistance of malignant tumors to these therapies and the incurrence of serious damages in vital organs. This in turn necessitates the development of adjunct drugs that overcomes chemo/radioresistance in refractory cancers and protects vital organs from the cytotoxic effects of cancer therapies. In recent years, Berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid has garnered more attention due to its potent chemosensitizing and chemoprotective properties. BBR effectively sensitizes refractory cancers to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by ameliorating the diverse events underlying therapy resistance. Furthermore, it protects the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys from severe damages caused by these therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemo/radiosensitizing and chemo/radioprotective potential of BBR during cancer treatment. Also, we highlight the limitations that hamper the clinical application of BBR as an adjunct drug and how novel innovations have been made in recent years to circumvent these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Devarajan
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Purushothaman Venkatratnam
- Central Research laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Hema Palaniappan
- Department of Pharmacology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Ganesan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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11
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Naji M, Soroudi S, Akaberi M, Sahebkar A, Emami SA. Updated Review on the Role of Curcumin in Gastrointestinal Cancers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:55-89. [PMID: 33861437 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Malignant conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of digestion, including the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, biliary system, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus, are referred to as gastrointestinal cancers. Curcumin is a natural compound derived from turmeric with a wide range of biological activities. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated the effects of curcumin on gastrointestinal cancers. In the current review, we aimed to provide an updated summary on the recent findings regarding the beneficial effects of curcumin on different gastrointestinal cancers in the recent decade. For this purpose, ScienceDirect," "Google Scholar," "PubMed," "ISI Web of Knowledge," and "Wiley Online Library" databases were searched using "curcumin", "cancer", and "gastrointestinal organs" as keywords. In vitro studies performed on different gastrointestinal cancerous cell lines have shown that curcumin can inhibit cell growth through cycle arrest at the G2/M and G1 phases, as well as stimulated apoptosis and autophagy by interacting with multiple molecular targets. In vivo studies performed in various animal models have confirmed mainly the chemopreventive effects of curcumin. Several nano-formulations have been proposed to improve the bioavailability of curcumin and increase its absorption. Moreover, curcumin has been used in combinations with many anti-tumor drugs to increase their anticarcinogenic properties. Taken together, curcumin falls within the category of plant-derived substances capable of preventing or treating gastrointestinal cancers. Further studies, particularly clinical trials, on the efficacy and safety of curcumin are suggested in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Naji
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Setareh Soroudi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Samec M, Liskova A, Koklesova L, Samuel SM, Murin R, Zubor P, Bujnak J, Kwon TK, Büsselberg D, Prosecky R, Caprnda M, Rodrigo L, Ciccocioppo R, Kruzliak P, Kubatka P. The role of plant-derived natural substances as immunomodulatory agents in carcinogenesis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:3137-3154. [PMID: 33063131 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of immune system in carcinogenesis represents fundamental events associated with cancer eradication; however, tumor evolution is connected with various mechanisms of tumor evasion and progression of cancer. Based on recent evidence, phytochemicals are directly associated with immunomodulation of the innate and adaptive immunity via different mechanisms of action including stimulation and amplification of immune cells, humoral compartments, and associated molecules. This comprehensive study focuses on immunomodulating potential of phytochemicals (mixture in plants or separately such as individual phytochemical) and their impact on regulation of immune response during cancer development, immune tolerance, and immune escape. Clinical application of phytochemicals as modulators of host immunity against cancer may represent perspective approach in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Radovan Murin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Zubor
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Bujnak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kukuras Michalovce Hospital, Michalovce, Slovakia
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology and School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Robert Prosecky
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Policlinico GB Rossi, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601, Martin, Slovakia.
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Ma Z, Xiang X, Li S, Xie P, Gong Q, Goh BC, Wang L. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1, for cancer treatment: Recent advances in developing small-molecule inhibitors from natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:379-390. [PMID: 33002608 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapid progress in molecular cancer biology coupled with the discovery of novel oncology drugs has opened new horizons for cancer target discovery. As one of the crucial signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) coordinates the activity of many transcription factors and their downstream molecules that impact tumor growth and metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that the transcriptional responses to acute hypoxia are mainly attributable to HIF-1α. Moreover, the overexpression of HIF-1α in several solid cancers has been found to be strongly associated with poor prognosis. Thus, pharmacological targeting of the HIF-1 signaling pathways has been considered as a new strategy for cancer therapy in the recent years. Although over the past decade, tremendous efforts have been made in preclinical studies to develop new HIF-1 inhibitors from natural products (reservoirs of novel therapeutic agents), to date, these efforts have not been successfully translated into clinically available treatments. In this review, we provide new insights into the bio-pharmacological considerations for selecting natural compounds as potential HIF-1 inhibitors to accelerate anti-cancer drug development. In addition, we highlighted the importance of assessing the dependency of cancer on HIF1A to shortlist cancer types as suitable disease models. This may subsequently lead to new paradigms for discovering more HIF-1 inhibitors derived from natural products and facilitate the development of potent therapeutic agents targeting specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023k, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiya Li
- Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Peng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Quan Gong
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023k, China.
| | - Boon-Cher Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
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