1
|
Wu J, Zheng Y, Xu C, Jiao Q, Ye C, Chen T, Yu X, Pang K, Hao P. Rice Defense against Brown Planthopper Partially by Suppressing the Expression of Transferrin Family Genes of Brown Planthopper. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2839-2850. [PMID: 35226488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transferrins are multifunctional proteins, but their role in the interaction of rice and brown planthopper (BPH) remains unclear. In this study, the full-length cDNA of transferrin genes NlTsf1, NlTsf2, and NlTsf3 was cloned. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the expressions of NlTsf1 and NlTsf3 were significantly suppressed in BPH reared on the resistant rice R1 by 68.0 and 86.7%, respectively, compared with that on the susceptible S9. The survival rate decreased to 3.3% for dsNlTsf3-treated nymphs, to 58.9% for dsNlTsf1, and to 56.7% for dsNlTsf2 on day 11. RNAi of NlTsf3 against females largely reduced the number of eggs by 99.4%, and it decreased by 48.6% for dsNlTsf1 but did not significantly decrease for dsNlTsf2. Collectively, NlTsf1, NlTsf2, and NlTsf3 are essential for the survival and fecundity of BPH and are differentially involved in the interaction between rice and BPH. Therefore, NlTsf1 and NlTsf3 may be used as targets to control BPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangen Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chenxi Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qiqi Jiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chenglong Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Tongtong Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kun Pang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Peiying Hao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rani J, De TD, Chauhan C, Kumari S, Sharma P, Tevatiya S, Chakraborti S, Pandey KC, Singh N, Dixit R. Functional disruption of transferrin expression alters reproductive physiology in Anopheles culicifacies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264523. [PMID: 35245324 PMCID: PMC8896695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Iron metabolism is crucial to maintain optimal physiological homeostasis of every organism and any alteration of the iron concentration (i.e. deficit or excess) can have adverse consequences. Transferrins are glycoproteins that play important role in iron transportation and have been widely characterized in vertebrates and insects, but poorly studied in blood-feeding mosquitoes. Results We characterized a 2102 bp long transcript AcTrf1a with complete CDS of 1872bp, and 226bp UTR region, encoding putative transferrin homolog protein from mosquito An. culicifacies. A detailed in silico analysis predicts AcTrf1a encodes 624 amino acid (aa) long polypeptide that carries transferrin domain. AcTrf1a also showed a putative N-linked glycosylation site, a characteristic feature of most of the mammalian transferrins and certain non-blood feeding insects. Structure modelling prediction confirms the presence of an iron-binding site at the N-terminal lobe of the transferrin. Our spatial and temporal expression analysis under altered pathophysiological conditions showed that AcTrf1a is abundantly expressed in the fat-body, ovary, and its response is significantly altered (enhanced) after blood meal uptake, and exogenous bacterial challenge. Additionally, non-heme iron supplementation of FeCl3 at 1 mM concentration not only augmented the AcTrf1a transcript expression in fat-body but also enhanced the reproductive fecundity of gravid adult female mosquitoes. RNAi-mediated knockdown of AcTrf1a causes a significant reduction in fecundity, confirming the important role of transferrin in oocyte maturation. Conclusion All together our results advocate that detailed characterization of newly identified AcTrf1a transcript may help to select it as a unique target to impair the mosquito reproductive outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rani
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Tanwee Das De
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Charu Chauhan
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Seena Kumari
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Punita Sharma
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Tevatiya
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumyananda Chakraborti
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Kailash C. Pandey
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Namita Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Rajnikant Dixit
- Laboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Morgan J, Salcedo-Sora JE, Triana-Chavez O, Strode C. Expansive and Diverse Phenotypic Landscape of Field Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae with Differential Susceptibility to Temephos: Beyond Metabolic Detoxification. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:192-212. [PMID: 34718656 PMCID: PMC8755997 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arboviruses including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya are amongst the most significant public health concerns worldwide. Arbovirus control relies on the use of insecticides to control the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), the success of which is threatened by widespread insecticide resistance. The work presented here profiled the gene expression of Ae. aegypti larvae from field populations of Ae. aegypti with differential susceptibility to temephos originating from two Colombian urban locations, Bello and Cúcuta, previously reported to have distinctive disease incidence, socioeconomics, and climate. We demonstrated that an exclusive field-to-lab (Ae. aegypti strain New Orleans) comparison generates an over estimation of differential gene expression (DGE) and that the inclusion of a geographically relevant field control yields a more discrete, and likely, more specific set of genes. The composition of the obtained DGE profiles is varied, with commonly reported resistance associated genes including detoxifying enzymes having only a small representation. We identify cuticle biosynthesis, ion exchange homeostasis, an extensive number of long noncoding RNAs, and chromatin modelling among the differentially expressed genes in field resistant Ae. aegypti larvae. It was also shown that temephos resistant larvae undertake further gene expression responses when temporarily exposed to temephos. The results from the sampling triangulation approach here contribute a discrete DGE profiling with reduced noise that permitted the observation of a greater gene diversity, increasing the number of potential targets for the control of insecticide resistant mosquitoes and widening our knowledge base on the complex phenotypic network of the Ae. aegypti response to insecticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Morgan
- Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - J Enrique Salcedo-Sora
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Omar Triana-Chavez
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Clare Strode
- Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun H, Mertz RW, Smith LB, Scott JG. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of pyrethroid resistance in the CKR strain of Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009871. [PMID: 34723971 PMCID: PMC8559961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is an important vector of human viral diseases. This mosquito is distributed globally and thrives in urban environments, making it a serious risk to human health. Pyrethroid insecticides have been the mainstay for control of adult A. aegypti for decades, but resistance has evolved, making control problematic in some areas. One major mechanism of pyrethroid resistance is detoxification by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), commonly associated with the overexpression of one or more CYPs. Unfortunately, the molecular basis underlying this mechanism remains unknown. We used a combination of RNA-seq and proteomic analysis to evaluate the molecular basis of pyrethroid resistance in the highly resistant CKR strain of A. aegypti. The CKR strain has the resistance mechanisms from the well-studied Singapore (SP) strain introgressed into the susceptible Rockefeller (ROCK) strain genome. The RNA-seq and proteomics data were complimentary; each offering insights that the other technique did not provide. However, transcriptomic results did not quantitatively mirror results of the proteomics. There were 10 CYPs which had increased expression of both transcripts and proteins. These CYPs appeared to be largely trans-regulated, except for some CYPs for which we could not rule out gene duplication. We identified 65 genes and lncRNAs as potentially being responsible for elevating the expression of CYPs in CKR. Resistance was associated with multiple loci on chromosome 1 and at least one locus on chromosome 3. We also identified five CYPs that were overexpressed only as proteins, suggesting that stabilization of CYP proteins could be a mechanism of resistance. Future studies to increase the resolution of the resistance loci, and to examine the candidate genes and lncRNAs identified here will greatly enhance our understanding of CYP-mediated resistance in A. aegypti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haina Sun
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert W. Mertz
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Letícia B. Smith
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey G. Scott
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cai T, Huang YH, Zhang F. Ovarian morphological features and proteome reveal fecundity fitness disadvantages in β-cypermethrin-resistant strains of Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 170:104682. [PMID: 32980072 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate whether the development of β-cypermethrin resistance in Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattaria: Blattellidae) affects the fecundity fitness of this insect and to determine the underlying mechanism, we compared fecundity differences between β-cypermethrin-resistant (R) and sensitive (S) strains of B. germanica, observed the physiological structural changes of ovaries from an visual perspective, and analyzed differences in the ovarian proteome using proteomic methods. The results showed that, compared with the S strain of B. germanica, the R strain of B. germanica had a significantly higher ootheca shedding rate, a significantly lower number of hatched and surviving nymphs, a significantly higher female proportion in the population and defective ovarian development. Ovarian proteomic analysis showed a total of 64 differentially expressed proteins in the R strain, including 18 upregulated proteins and 46 downregulated proteins. Twenty-four significantly differentially expressed proteins were further studied, and 14 were successfully identified, which were mainly classified into the following categories: immunity-related proteins, development-related proteins, structural proteins, energy metabolism-related proteins and proteins with unknown functions. The differential expression of these proteins reflects the overall changes in cell structure and metabolism associated with β-cypermethrin resistance and explains the possible molecular mechanism of fecundity fitness disadvantages. In summary, β-cypermethrin resistance can cause fecundity fitness disadvantages in B. germanica. The metabolic deviations needed to overcome the adverse effects of insecticides may result in an energy exchange that affects energy allocation and, ultimately, the basic needs of the insect. The fitness cost due to insecticide resistance is critical to the delay of the evolution of resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Huang
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 41 Jiefang Road, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China..
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang L, Lv S, Liu Y, Yang L, Liang P, Gao X. Cellular Redox-Related Transcription Factor Nrf2 Mediation of HaTrf Response to Host Plant Allelochemical 2-Tridecanone in Helicoverpa armigera. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6919-6926. [PMID: 32463694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite there being a number of excellent studies on detoxification enzyme-mediated interaction between insect and plant allelochemical, there are no reports on the pathway of the transferrin effect in insect response to host plant allelochemical. Our research indicates that Helicoverpa armigera transferrin (HaTrf) inhibited the apoptotic cell death treated by 2-tridecanone, a host plant allelochemical present in tomato species (Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum), by cellular redox-related transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 can defend organisms against the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and play pivotal roles in preventing host plant allelochemical-related toxicity. This study explains how HaTrf inhibited the apoptotic cell death during exposure to host plant allelochemical 2-tridecanone and provides a novel view on transferrin and its anti-apoptotic role in plant-insect interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shenglan Lv
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Liwen Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang L, Gao J, Gao X. Role for Transferrin in Triggering Apoptosis in Helicoverpa armigera Cells Treated with 2-Tridecanone. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11426-11431. [PMID: 30265533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
2-Tridecanone, a plant allelochemical present in a large range of tomato species ( Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum), can induce the expression of Helicoverpa armigera transferrin ( HaTrf), which is necessary for insect growth and development. To gain further insight into the mechanism of HaTrf in response to 2-tridecanone, we measured the iron and H2O2 levels in the hemolymph during exposure to 2-tridecanone and then explored the effect of transferrin downregulation in a H. armigera fat body cell line exposed to 2-tridecanone. We found that the reduction of HaTrf levels via RNA interference caused rapid apoptotic cell death during exposure to 2-tridecanone. There have been no reports about transferrin genes related to apoptosis induced by plant allelochemicals. Our results indicate that HaTrf mediates the inhibition of apoptotic cell death during exposure to 2-tridecanone and provides insight into the importance of transferrin in the interaction between plants and insects.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu SF, Li J, Zhang Y, Gao CF. Transferrin Family Genes in the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in Response to Three Insecticides. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:375-381. [PMID: 29272461 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transferrins are involved in iron metabolism, immunity, xenobiotics tolerance, and development in eukaryotic organisms including insects. However, little is known about the relationship between transferrins and insecticide toxicology and resistance. Three transferrin family genes, NlTsf1, NlTsf2, and NlTsf3, of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)a major insect pest of rice field in Asia, had been identified and characterized in this study. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated that NlTsf1 was significantly higher than the other two genes in different tissues. All of them were expressed at higher levels in abdomen and head than in antenna, leg, stylet, and thorax. Compared with the control, the expression of three N. lugens transferrin family genes decreased dramatically 24 h after treatment with buprofezin, pymetrozine and imidacloprid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Fan Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong-Fen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Identification of genes involved in pyrethroid-, propoxur-, and dichlorvos- insecticides resistance in the mosquitoes, Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae). Acta Trop 2016; 157:84-95. [PMID: 26802491 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Culex pipiens pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus are important vectors of many diseases, such as West Nile fever and lymphatic filariasis. The widespread use of insecticides to control these disease vectors and other insect pests has led to insecticide resistance becoming common in these species. In this study, high throughout Illumina sequencing was used to identify hundreds of Cx. p. pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus genes that were differentially expressed in response to insecticide exposure. The identification of these genes is a vital first step for more detailed investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in insecticide resistance in Culex mosquitoes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ramkumar G, Shivakumar MS. Laboratory development of permethrin resistance and cross-resistance pattern of Culex quinquefasciatus to other insecticides. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:2553-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
11
|
Zhang L, Shang Q, Lu Y, Zhao Q, Gao X. A transferrin gene associated with development and 2-tridecanone tolerance in Helicoverpa armigera. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 24:155-66. [PMID: 25430818 PMCID: PMC4406139 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The full-length cDNA (2320 bp) encoding a putative iron-binding transferrin protein from Helicoverpa armigera was cloned and named HaTrf. The putative HaTrf sequence included 670 amino acids with a molecular mass of approximately 76 kDa. Quantitative PCR results demonstrated that the transcriptional level of HaTrf was significantly higher in the sixth instar and pupa stages as compared with other developmental stages. HaTrf transcripts were more abundant in fat bodies and in the epidermis than in malpighian tubules. Compared with the control, the expression of HaTrf increased dramatically 24 h after treatment with 2-tridecanone. Apparent growth inhibition with a dramatic body weight decrease was observed in larvae fed with HaTrf double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), as compared with those fed with green fluorescent protein dsRNA. RNA interference of HaTrf also significantly increased the susceptibility of larvae to 2-tridecanone. These results indicate the possible involvement of HaTrf in tolerance to plant secondary chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Devillers J, Lagneau C, Lattes A, Garrigues J, Clémenté M, Yébakima A. In silico models for predicting vector control chemicals targeting Aedes aegypti. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 25:805-835. [PMID: 25275884 PMCID: PMC4200584 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2014.958291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Human arboviral diseases have emerged or re-emerged in numerous countries worldwide due to a number of factors including the lack of progress in vaccine development, lack of drugs, insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, climate changes, societal behaviours, and economical constraints. Thus, Aedes aegypti is the main vector of the yellow fever and dengue fever flaviviruses and is also responsible for several recent outbreaks of the chikungunya alphavirus. As for the other mosquito species, the A. aegypti control relies heavily on the use of insecticides. However, because of increasing resistance to the different families of insecticides, reduction of Aedes populations is becoming increasingly difficult. Despite the unquestionable utility of insecticides in fighting mosquito populations, there are very few new insecticides developed and commercialized for vector control. This is because the high cost of the discovery of an insecticide is not counterbalanced by the 'low profitability' of the vector control market. Fortunately, the use of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling allows the reduction of time and cost in the discovery of new chemical structures potentially active against mosquitoes. In this context, the goal of the present study was to review all the existing QSAR models on A. aegypti. The homology and pharmacophore models were also reviewed. Specific attention was paid to show the variety of targets investigated in Aedes in relation to the physiology and ecology of the mosquito as well as the diversity of the chemical structures which have been proposed, encompassing man-made and natural substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Lattes
- Laboratoire I.M.R.C.P., Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - J.C. Garrigues
- Laboratoire I.M.R.C.P., Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M.M. Clémenté
- Centre de Démoustication/LAV (ARS-Conseil Général) de la Martinique, Martinique, France
| | - A. Yébakima
- Centre de Démoustication/LAV (ARS-Conseil Général) de la Martinique, Martinique, France
| |
Collapse
|