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Loe AKH, Zhu L, Kim TH. Chromatin and noncoding RNA-mediated mechanisms of gastric tumorigenesis. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:22-31. [PMID: 36653445 PMCID: PMC9898530 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world. It is a multifactorial disease highly influenced by environmental factors, which include radiation, smoking, diet, and infectious pathogens. Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetic regulators are frequently altered in GC, playing critical roles in gastric tumorigenesis. Epigenetic regulation involves DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. While it is known that environmental factors cause widespread alterations in DNA methylation, promoting carcinogenesis, the chromatin- and noncoding RNA-mediated mechanisms of gastric tumorigenesis are still poorly understood. In this review, we focus on discussing recent discoveries addressing the roles of histone modifiers and noncoding RNAs and the mechanisms of their interactions in gastric tumorigenesis. A better understanding of epigenetic regulation would likely facilitate the development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting specific epigenetic regulators in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kwan Ho Loe
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Lexin Zhu
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Tae-Hee Kim
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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2
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Najafi S, Khatami SH, Khorsand M, Jamali Z, Shabaninejad Z, Moazamfard M, Majidpoor J, Aghaei Zarch SM, Movahedpour A. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs); roles in tumorigenesis and potentials as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113294. [PMID: 35870535 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New research has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the pathogenesis of many complex human diseases, including cancer. The detailed regulation mechanisms of many lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression have yet to be discovered, even though a few of lncRNAs' functions in cancer have been characterized. In the present study, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer. We focused on the roles of newly-identified lncRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, as well as the potential pathways these molecules could play. The paper also discusses their potential uses as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Zhang Y, Zhang PS, Rong ZY, Huang C. One stomach, two subtypes of carcinoma—the differences between distal and proximal gastric cancer. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2021; 9:489-504. [PMID: 34925847 PMCID: PMC8677565 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, posing a significant risk to human health. Over the past 10 years, the pathological characteristics and the prognosis of GC have been determined based on the locations of the tumors that were then classified into two types—proximal and distal GC. This review focuses on the differences in epidemiology, etiology, cell source, pathological characteristics, gene expression, molecular markers, manifestations, treatment, prognosis, and prevention between proximal and distal GC to provide guidance and a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Shan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Yin Rong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Dang Y, Ouyang X, Ren W, Wang L, Huang Q. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 Modulates the Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating AFAP1 via miR-205-5p. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5163-5175. [PMID: 34234560 PMCID: PMC8255651 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s307424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study investigated the expression and function of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) actin filament associated protein 1 antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) related to gastric cancer (GC), based on previous results from a microarray analysis. Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify the expression of AFAP1-AS1 in 97 fresh GC tissues and paired non-GC tissues, as well as in six different GC cell lines (BGC-823, SGC-7901, MGC-803, AGS, MKN-45, and MKN-28). The expression levels were subsequently correlated with the clinicopathological features of patients. siRNA against AFAP1-AS1 was transfected into GC cell lines, and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were detected before and after silencing of AFAP1-AS1 expression. Luciferase reporter gene analysis was used to confirm the target gene of microRNA-205-5p (miR-205-5p) in 293T cells. The potential mechanism was subsequently investigated. Results qPCR results showed that AFAP1-AS1 was significantly overexpressed in GC tumor tissues and also GC cell lines, comparing to their paired non-GC tissues. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that the overexpression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with tumor size (p=0.018) and grade of differentiation (p=0.042). Subsequently, artificially decreasing the expression of AFAP1-AS1 with its specific siRNA dramatically inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cell lines (SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells). Mechanical analysis suggested that AFAP1-AS1 is involved in regulation of its maternal gene, AFAP1, at both mRNA level and protein level. Luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, as a ceRNA, is able to sponge miR-205-5p. Moreover, miR-205-5p has been well demonstrated to participate in the regulation of AFAP1 expression and the phenotypes of GC cells, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion AFAP1-AS1, as a novel biomarker of GC, promotes the proliferation migration and invasion of GC cells and function as ceRNA to target AFAP1 by sponging miR-205-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital)(Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Ouyang
- Department of Department of Pathology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaojia Huang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital)(Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Li S, Zhang M, Zhang H, Hu K, Cai C, Wang J, Shi L, Ma P, Xu Y, Zheng P. Exosomal long noncoding RNA lnc-GNAQ-6:1 may serve as a diagnostic marker for gastric cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 501:252-257. [PMID: 31730812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most aggressive cancers, with limited early diagnostic measures. Tumor-originated exosomal molecules are regarded as suitable candidates for non-invasive diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the capacity of exosomal long noncoding RNA lnc-GNAQ-6:1 as a biomarker for early diagnosis of GC. METHODS In this study, we collected sera from 43 patients with gastric cancer and 27 healthy subjects, then exosomes were isolated using commercial kits. Particle size analysis, Western bloting and protein-based exosomes quantification were conducted to identify the isolated exosomes and to evaluate its yield and purity. Expression levels of exosomal lnc-GNAQ-6:1 were detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The serum concentrations of traditional biomarker (CA72-4, CEA, and CA19-9) were measured via a chemiluminescent detection system.The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) were used to estimate the diagnostic capacity. Furthermore, we analyzed the potential relationship between serum exosomal lnc-GNAQ-6:1 expression and clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer. RESULTS The exosomes extracted in this study exhibited the typical exosome characteristics and purity. Patients with gastric cancer had the higher exosome yield than healthy volunteer. The results of qRT-PCR showed that compared with the healthy control, the expression of lnc-GNAQ-6:1 was significantly lower in the gastric cancer group. The area under the ROC curve is 0.732, which was higher than the diagnostic accuracy of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA72-4. However, the expression level of lnc-GNAQ-6:1 was not correlated with gender, age, tumor metastasis, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that serum exosomal lnc-GNAQ-6:1 is lowly expressed in patient with gastric cancer and might be evaluated in larger studies as a new diagnostic marker for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibao Li
- Medical Technology Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Medical Technology Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Haoliang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Kan Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Chenchen Cai
- Medical Technology Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Medical Technology Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lubin Shi
- Medical Technology Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Medical Technology Institute of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Yinhai Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China.
| | - Peiming Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Zahri S, Yazdanbod A, Pourfarzi F. Risk factors predisposing to cardia gastric adenocarcinoma: Insights and new perspectives. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6114-6126. [PMID: 31448582 PMCID: PMC6792520 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have seen an alarming increase in the incidence of cardia gastric adenocarcinoma (CGA) while noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma (NCGA) has decreased. In 2012, 260 000 CGA cases (age‐standardised rate (ASR); 3.3/100 000) and 691 000 NCGA cases (ASR; 8.8/100 000) were reported worldwide. Compared with women, men had greater rates for both the subsites, especially for CGA. Recently, four molecular subtypes of GC have been proposed by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG); however, these classifications do not take into account predisposing germline variants and their possible interaction with somatic alterations in carcinogenesis. The etiology of adenocarcinoma of the cardia and the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) is not known. It is thought that CGA is distinct from adenocarcinomas located in the esophagus or distal stomach, both epidemiologically and biologically. Moreover, CGA is often identified in the advanced stage having a poor prognosis. Therefore, understanding the risk and the role of predisposing factors in etiology of CGA can inform clinical practice and counseling for risk reduction. In this paper, we showed that GC family history, lifestyle, demographics, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and multiple genetic and epigenetic risk factors as well as several predisposing conditions may underlie susceptibility to CGA. However, several genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) should be conducted to identify novel high‐penetrance genes and pathways as well as causal germline variants predisposing to CGA. They must include different ethnic groups, especially from high‐incidence countries for CGA, because some risk loci are ancestry‐specific. In parallel, statistical methods can be developed to identify cancer predisposition genes (CPGs) from tumor sequencing data. It is also necessary to find novel long noncoding RNAs related to the risk of CGA. Taken altogether, new cancer risk prediction models, including all genetic and nongenetic factors influencing risk, should be developed to facilitate risk assessment, disease prevention, and early diagnosis and intervention of CGA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Farhad Pourfarzi
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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A Novel Method for Predicting Disease-Associated LncRNA-MiRNA Pairs Based on the Higher-Order Orthogonal Iteration. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7614850. [PMID: 31191710 PMCID: PMC6525924 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7614850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A lot of research studies have shown that many complex human diseases are associated not only with microRNAs (miRNAs) but also with long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, most of the current existing studies focus on the prediction of disease-related miRNAs or lncRNAs, and to our knowledge, until now, there are few literature studies reported to pay attention to the study of impact of miRNA-lncRNA pairs on diseases, although more and more studies have shown that both lncRNAs and miRNAs play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation during the recent years. The identification of disease-related genes provides great insight into the underlying pathogenesis of diseases at a system level. In this study, a novel model called PADLMHOOI was proposed to predict potential associations between diseases and lncRNA-miRNA pairs based on the higher-order orthogonal iteration, and in order to evaluate its prediction performance, the global and local LOOCV were implemented, respectively, and simulation results demonstrated that PADLMHOOI could achieve reliable AUCs of 0.9545 and 0.8874 in global and local LOOCV separately. Moreover, case studies further demonstrated the effectiveness of PADLMHOOI to infer unknown disease-related lncRNA-miRNA pairs.
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The Hippo signaling effector WWTR1 is a metastatic biomarker of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:74. [PMID: 30976198 PMCID: PMC6439973 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) is an aggressive subtype of gastric cancer with a high metastatic rate. However, the metastatic biomarker of GCA has not been established. Methods To search for the biomarker for GCA metastasis, we here examined expression of the Hippo signaling effector WWTR1 (WW domain containing transcription regulator 1, commonly listed as TAZ) in tumor tissue samples from 214 GCA cases using the tissue microarray assay (TMA), and statistically analyzed association of the WWTR1 expression with metastasis-related pathological outcomes and cumulative survival of the GCA patients. Furthermore, shRNA knockdown was used to determine the role of WWTR1 in promoting cell migration in gastric cancer cells. Results The results have shown that WWTR1 is overexpressed in 66.4% of the GCA tumor samples. Expression of WWTR1 has a significant inverse correlation with cumulative survival of GCA patients (p < 0.01). WWTR1 positive patients had a mean survival of 56.9 ± 4.4 months, comparing to WWTR1 negative mean survival of 77.3 ± 5.9 months. More importantly, expression of WWTR1 significantly associated with tumor invasion and metastasis (in T stage, p = 0.031; N stage, p < 0.01; and TNM stage, p < 0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of WWTR1 impaired migration of gastric cancer AGS cells. Conclusions Our studies have identified WWTR1 as a metastatic biomarker of GCA for poor prognosis, defined a role of WWTR1 in driving metastasis of gastric cancer, and suggested WWTR1 as a potential target for anti-metastatic therapy of GCA.
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Fanelli GN, Gasparini P, Coati I, Cui R, Pakula H, Chowdhury B, Valeri N, Loupakis F, Kupcinskas J, Cappellesso R, Fassan M. LONG-NONCODING RNAs in gastroesophageal cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:195-212. [PMID: 30533569 PMCID: PMC6257886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite continuing improvements in multimodal therapies, gastro-esophageal malignances remain widely prevalent in the population and is characterized by poor overall and disease-free survival rates. Due to the lack of understanding about the pathogenesis and absence of reliable markers, gastro-esophageal cancers are associated with delayed diagnosis. The increasing understanding about cancer's molecular landscape in the recent years, offers the possibility of identifying 'targetable' molecular events and in particular facilitates novel treatment strategies and development of biomarkers for early stage diagnosis. At least 98% of our genome is actively transcribed into non-coding RNAs encompassing long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constituted of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with no protein-coding capacity. Many studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are functional genomic elements playing pivotal roles in main oncogenic processes. LncRNA can act at multiple levels developing a complex molecular network that can modulate directly or indirectly the expression of genes involved in tumorigenesis. In this review, we focus on lncRNAs as emerging players in gastro-esophageal carcinogenesis and critically assess their potential as reliable noninvasive biomarkers and in next generation targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicolò Fanelli
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pierluigi Gasparini
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Irene Coati
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Ri Cui
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hubert Pakula
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basudev Chowdhury
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rocco Cappellesso
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
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Wang C, Tao W, Ni S, Chen Q. Upregulation of lncRNA snoRNA host gene 6 regulates NUAK family SnF1-like kinase-1 expression by competitively binding microRNA-125b and interacting with Snail1/2 in bladder cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:357-367. [PMID: 30168179 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS Numerous studies have reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the development and progression of bladder cancer (BC). LncRNA snoRNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) is ectopically expressed in tumor tissues of patients with BC and BC cell lines. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of SNHG6-mediated bladder urothelial carcinoma cell migration and invasion. METHODS We detected the SNHG6 levels in human BC specimens and cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, and investigated its role in BC using in vitro assays. RESULTS We showed that overexpression of SNHG6 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted the migration and invasion capabilities of BC cells. Mechanistically, SNHG6 induced EMT of BC cells by upregulating the expression levels of Snail1/2 and regulated BC cell migration and invasion by tumor suppressive hsa-miR-125b and its target gene NUAK Family Kinase 1 (NUAK1). Furthermore, we found that SNHG6 was positively correlated with Snail1/2 expression, and negatively correlated with hsa-miR-125b expression in BC specimens. Further study showed that SNHG6 repressed hsa-miR-125b expression to upregulate Snail1/2. Conversely, hsa-miR-125b knockdown augmented SNHG6 expression in BC cells. CONCLUSION Overall, our study demonstrated that SNHG6 promotes BC cell migration and invasion partly via the hsa-miR-125b/Snail1/2/NUAK1 pathway. Therefore, SNHG6 may be a potential prognostic biomarker in BC, and targeting hsa-miR-125b/Snail1/2/NUAK1 axis may be a promising therapeutic approach for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiyang Tao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shaobin Ni
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiyin Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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11
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Wei J, Yu G, Shao G, Sun A, Chen M, Yang W, Lin Q. CYR61 (CCN1) is a metastatic biomarker of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:31067-78. [PMID: 27105510 PMCID: PMC5058739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) is the most aggressive subtype of gastric cancer with a high metastatic rate. In this report, we collected tumor tissue samples from 214 GCA cases and examined expression of CYR61, a target gene product of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway, in the GCA tumors by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using the tissue microarray assay (TMA). The results have shown that CYR61 is overexpressed in 44% of the GCA tumor samples. Expression of CYR61 is inversely correlated with cumulative survival of GCA patients (p<0.001) and significantly associated only with metastatic pathological categories (with N category, p=0.052; with TNM stage, p=0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of CYR61 in gastric cancer AGS cells impairs the cancer cell migration and invasion, suggesting a driver role of CYR61 in metastasis. Thus, our studies have established CYR61 as a metastatic biomarker for prediction of poor prognosis of GCA and provided a potential molecular target for anti-metastatic therapy of GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Genbao Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiqin Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.,The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wannian Yang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiong Lin
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Long Noncoding RNA PVT1 Acts as a "Sponge" to Inhibit microRNA-152 in Gastric Cancer Cells. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:3021-3028. [PMID: 28258379 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PVT1 was up-regulated in patients with gastric cancer (GC) and might be as a novel biomarker for predicting GC. However, the exact mechanism of PVT1 exerting functions in GC was still poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs may act as endogenous microRNA (miRNA) sponges to bind to miRNAs and regulate their function. AIM This study aimed to determine the function of PVT1 on miR-152 expression in GC cells. METHODS The levels of PVT1 and miR-152 were determined in GC tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of miR-152 was detected in GC cells transfected with PVT1 plasmid or siPVT1. Luciferase assay was performed to verify the regulation of miR-152 to CD151 or FGF2 expression and PVT1 to miR-152 expression. The effects of PVT1 on the expression of CD151 and FGF2 were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS PVT1 was up-regulated in GC tissues than that in the matched normal tissues, and mRNA level of miR-152 was decreased. MiR-152 was negatively associated with PVT1 expression in GC tissues. Based on the in silico analysis, we found that PVT1 have three binding sequences for miR-152. Moreover, PVT1 might inhibit the expression of miR-152 and increased the expression of CD151 and FGF2 through regulating miR-152. PVT1 was positively associated with CD151 and FGF2 expression in GC tissues. CONCLUSIONS PVT1 might act as a "sponge" to inhibit miR-152 in gastric cancer cells. PVT1 is a promising molecular target to improve the diagnosis and therapy of GC.
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Lv M, Zhong Z, Huang M, Tian Q, Jiang R, Chen J. lncRNA H19 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of bladder cancer by miR-29b-3p as competing endogenous RNA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1887-1899. [PMID: 28779971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) might play important roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis. EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) is considered as a critical step in invasion and metastasis of various tumors including bladder cancer (BC). Recent researches have showed that lncRNA H19 is implicated in metastasis through regulating EMT and the reverse MET (mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition). However, underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we screened lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of BC with microarray assay. We found that H19 and DNMT3B displayed a higher co-expression in BC tissues and cells. Functionally, we demonstrated that H19 could increase proliferation, invasion and migration, regulate EMT as well as rearrange cytoskeleton of BC cells in vitro. Moreover, ectopic expression of H19 promoted tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis in vivo, whereas knockdown of H19 has a contrary role in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we proved that H19 could directly bind to miR-29b-3p (miR-29b) and derepress the expression of target DNMT3B. H19 and miR-29b-3p showed a co-localization. More importantly, up-regulating H19 antagonized miR-29b-3p-mediated proliferation, migration and EMT suppression in BC cells. Furthermore, H19 knockdown partially reversed the function of miR-29b-3p inhibitor on DNMT3B and facilitated miR-29b-3p-induced MET. Taken together, we demonstrated for the first time that H19 might function as ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) for miR-29b-3p and relieve the suppression for DNMT3B, which led to EMT and metastasis of BC. Our findings highlight a novel mechanism of H19 in progression of BC and provide H19/miR-29b-3p/DNMT3B axis as a promising therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Lv
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Mengge Huang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiang Tian
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Junxia Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Nair M, Sagar V, Pilakka-Kanthikeel S. Gene-expression reversal of lncRNAs and associated mRNAs expression in active vs latent HIV infection. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34862. [PMID: 27756902 PMCID: PMC5069461 DOI: 10.1038/srep34862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interplay between lncRNAs and mRNAs is rapidly emerging as a key epigenetic mechanism in controlling various cell functions. HIV can actively infect and/or can persist latently for years by manipulating host epigenetics; however, its molecular essence remains undiscovered in entirety. Here for the first time, we delineate the influence of HIV on global lncRNAs expression in monocytic cells lines. Our analysis revealed the expression modulation of nearly 1060 such lncRNAs which are associated with differentially expressed mRNAs in active and latent infection. This suggests a greater role of lncRNAs in regulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression during HIV infection. The differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in several different biological pathways where immunological networks were most enriched. Importantly, we discovered that HIV induces expression reversal of more than 150 lncRNAs between its active and latent infection. Also, hundreds of unique lncRNAs were identified in both infection conditions. The pathology specific "gene-expression reversal" and "on-and-off" switching of lncRNAs and associated mRNAs may lead to establish the relationship between active and HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavan Nair
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
| | - Sudheesh Pilakka-Kanthikeel
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, USA
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Kohls K, Schmidt D, Holdenrieder S, Müller SC, Ellinger J. [Detection of cell-free lncRNA in serum of cancer patients]. Urologe A 2016; 54:819-25. [PMID: 25312755 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-014-3655-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of circulating RNA molecules is of increasing interest since tumor-specific RNA expression patterns could be a useful cancer biomarker. A new entity of RNA molecules, the so-called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), are of particular interest because of its high tissue- and tumor-specificity. The importance of analytical factors in the quantification of lncRNAs is largely unclear and should therefore be investigated in the present study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum RNA was isolated from patients with bladder, prostate and kidney cancer as well as patients with non-malignant disease. Analytical variables like different RNA isolation procedures, cDNA synthesis and preamplification were studied with respect to quantification of MALAT1 and ACTB via real-time PCR. RESULTS The quantification of cell-free serum RNA is feasible although the levels of ACTB and MALAT1 were often only slightly above the detection limit. RNA isolation with a combined phenol-based column purification (Ambion mirVana PARIS miRNA Isolation Kit; Qiagen miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit) was most effective. The elimination of DNA contamination was most successful during cDNA synthesis with (Takara-Bio PrimeScript RT Reagent Kit with gDNA Eraser). Preamplification with the Applied Biosystems TaqMan PreAmp Master Mix Kit improved sensitivity. Serum ACTB and MALAT1 levels were not significantly increased in patients with urological tumors compared to patients with non-malignant diseases. CONCLUSION An optimized protocol for the analysis of circulating lncRNAs is described in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kohls
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53105, Bonn, Deutschland
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Gao S, Zhou F, Zhao C, Ma Z, Jia R, Liang S, Zhang M, Zhu X, Zhang P, Wang L, Su F, Zhao J, Liu G, Peng B, Feng X. Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma microRNA profiling in Chinese patients. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9411-22. [PMID: 26781873 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4824-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), which occurs at the gastroesophageal boundary, is one of the most malignant types of cancer. Over the past 30 years, the incidence of GCA has increased by approximately sevenfold, which has a more substantial increase than that of many other malignancies. However, as previous studies mainly focus on non-cardia gastric cancer, until now, the mechanisms behind GCA remain largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play pivotal roles in carcinogenesis. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms regulated by miRNAs in GCA development, we investigated miRNA expression profiles using 81 pairs of primary GCAs and corresponding non-tumorigenic tissues. First, 21 pairs of samples were used for microarray analysis, and then another 60 pairs of samples were used for further analysis. Our results showed that 464 miRNAs (237 upregulated, 227 downregulated, false discovery rate FDR <0.05) were differently expressed between GCA and non-tumor tissues. Pearson test and pathway analysis revealed that these dysregulated miRNA correlated coding RNAs may have effects on several cancer-related pathways. Four miRNAs (miR-1244, miR-135b-5p, miR-3196, and miR-628-3p) were found to be associated with GCA differentiation. One miRNA, miR-196a-5p, was found to be associated with age of GCA onset. Further, survival analysis showed that the expression level of miR-135b-5p was associated with GCA survival. Taken together, our study first provided the genome-wide expression profiles of miRNA in GCA and will be good help for further functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shegan Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Fuyou Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Anyang People's Hospital, Anyang, 471500, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Fudan-Zhangjiang Center for Clinical Genomics, Zuchongzhi Road 899, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Ruinuo Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Shuo Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Mengxi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Zuchongzhi Road 899, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Feng Su
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Zuchongzhi Road 899, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Zuchongzhi Road 899, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Zuchongzhi Road 899, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaoshan Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetic; Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China, 471003, Luoyang, 471003, China. .,Henan University of Science and Technology, Jing hua Road 24, Luoyang, 471500, China.
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Identification of differentially expressed signatures of long non-coding RNAs associated with different metastatic potentials in gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:119-29. [PMID: 26045391 PMCID: PMC4742487 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-015-1091-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is known for its lymph node metastasis and outstanding morbidity and mortality. Thus, improvement in the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism of GC is urgently needed to discover novel biomarkers involved in its progression and prognosis. Several long, non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in gastric tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the signature of lncRNA-associated metastasis in GC is not fully clarified. METHODS We determined the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles correlating to GC with or without lymph node-metastasis based on microarray analysis. Twelve differentially expressed lncRNAs and six differentially expressed mRNAs were validated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. RESULTS The relationships between the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs XLOC_010235 or RP11-789C1.1 and lymph node metastasis, pathologic metastasis status, distal metastasis and TNM (tumour, node, and metastasis) stage were found to be significantly different. Via survival analysis, patients who had high-expressed XLOC_010235 or low-expressed RP11-789C1.1 showed significantly worse survival than patients with inverse-expressed XLOC_010235 or RP11-789C1.1. CONCLUSION In summary, this current study highlights some evidence regarding the potential role of lncRNAs in GC and posits that specific lncRNAs can be identified as novel, poor prognostic biomarkers in GC.
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Dang Y, Lan F, Ouyang X, Wang K, Lin Y, Yu Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Huang Q. Expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA HNF1A-AS1 in human gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:302. [PMID: 26472090 PMCID: PMC4608159 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in the occurrence and development of human cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the functional and clinical significance of lncRNAs are still poorly understood. METHODS In this study, the expression of LncRNA HNF1A antisense RNA 1 (HNF1A-AS1) was first examined by lncRNAs microarray analysis in 6 GC tissues, and was then further verified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) both in 3 GC cell lines and 161 cases of GC tissues. We also evaluated the association between HNF1A-AS1 expression and clinicopathological features of patients with GC. RESULTS LncRNAs microarray analysis results exhibited that HNF1A-AS1 was downregulated in GCs tissues (mean fold change 2.06, p < 0.05), which was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. The results from qRT-PCR showed that the expression of HNF1A-AS1 was not only downregulated in three GC cell lines (AGS, BGC-823, and MKN-45) relative to that in a normal gastric mucosal epithelial cell line (GES-1), but also decreased in GC tissues relative to that in paired adjacent non-neoplastic tissues (low expression, 94 of 161; low expression rate, 58.38%). Furthermore, low HNF1A-AS1 expression was associated with tumor size/diameter (p = 0.005, multivariate analysis), levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and RRM1 expression in tissue samples (p = 0.028, p = 0.009, and p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicate that lncRNA HNF1A-AS1 may be a regulator of GC, and thus, it may have potential as a novel biomarker and treatment target for this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Fenghua Lan
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Ouyang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Youdong Lin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Yinghao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
| | - Qiaojia Huang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350025, China.
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Wang Y, Wu K, Yang Z, Zhao Q, Fan D, Xu P, Nie Y, Fan D. Multidrug-Resistance Related Long Non-Coding RNA Expression Profile Analysis of Gastric Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135461. [PMID: 26291830 PMCID: PMC4546299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of chemotherapy of gastric cancer (GC) remains very poor because of multidrug resistance (MDR). However, the mechanisms underlying MDR of GC remains far from fully understood. The aim of this study is to illustrate the potential mechanisms of the MDR of GC at mainly the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) level. In this study, GC cell line, SGC7901, and two MDR sublines, SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR were subjected to an lncRNA microarray analysis. Bioinformatics and verification experiments were performed to investigate the potential lncRNAs involved in the development of MDR. Pathway analysis indicated that 15 pathways corresponded to down-regulated transcripts and that 20 pathways corresponded to up-regulated transcripts (p-value cut-off is 0.05). GO analysis showed that the highest enriched GOs targeted by up-regulated transcripts were “system development” and the highest esenriched GOs targeted by the down-regulated transcripts were “sterol biosynthetic process”. Our study is the first to interrogate differentially expressed lncRNAs in human GC cell line and MDR sublines and indicates that lncRNAs are worthwhile for further study to be the novel candidate biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of MDR and potential targets for further therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongmei Fan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Po Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Gu Y, Chen T, Li G, Yu X, Lu Y, Wang H, Teng L. LncRNAs: emerging biomarkers in gastric cancer. Future Oncol 2015; 11:2427-41. [PMID: 26289363 DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) recently have been recognized as having a critical role in cancer development and progression. Gastric cancer remains a major clinical challenge worldwide owing to poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs may play an active role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, prognosis and drug resistance of gastric cancer. Here, we collect recent knowledge to show differential expression of lncRNA in gastric cancer and their underlying mechanism of activities in gastric cancer involved in epigenetic, transcription and post-transcriptional processing. This review focuses on the regulation and function of gastric cancer-related lncRNAs and provides an overview of current effects to exploit them to be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, 79, Qingchun Road, Zhejiang Province, China.,Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangliang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiongfei Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, 79, Qingchun Road, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yimin Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, 79, Qingchun Road, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, 79, Qingchun Road, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lisong Teng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, 79, Qingchun Road, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zeng S, Xiao YF, Tang B, Hu CJ, Xie R, Yang SM, Li BS. Long Noncoding RNA in Digestive Tract Cancers: Function, Mechanism, and Potential Biomarker. Oncologist 2015; 20:898-906. [PMID: 26156325 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract cancers (DTCs) are a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Current therapeutic tools for advanced stage DTCs have limitations, and patients with early stage DTCs frequently have a missed diagnosis due to shortage of efficient biomarkers. Consequently, it is necessary to develop novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and novel therapeutic targets for treatment of DTCs. In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs with >200 nucleotides, have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in DTCs and to have an important role in DTC development: the expression profiles of lncRNAs strongly correlated with poor survival of patients with DTCs, and lncRNAs acted as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in DTC progression. In this review, we summarized the functional lncRNAs and expounded on their regulatory mechanisms in DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rei Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Sheng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Zhu XJ, Gao SG, Li SQ, Shi ZG, Ma ZK, Zhu SS, Feng XS. Down-regulation of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma: Their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognostic significance. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2015; 39:391-8. [PMID: 25582300 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is a multi-functional protein involved in the apoptosis pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and is related to cancer progression. The purpose of this study was to assess CHOP expression as a prognostic biomarker in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). METHODS The levels of CHOP mRNA and protein in GCA and matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues were evaluated by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Furthermore, the CHOP protein expression and localization were examined by immunohistochemistry in GCA and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues, gastritis and normal cardiac tissues. The association of CHOP expression with clinical pathological parameters and prognosis of GCA patients was statistically analyzed. RESULTS Compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues, the CHOP was down-regulated at mRNA and protein levels in GCA (P<0.01). In addition, immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CHOP positivity was lower in GCA than that in paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues, gastritis and normal tissues (P<0.01). CHOP expression rate gradually decreased with an increase in clinical stage, tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis of GCA (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that low expression of CHOP correlated with poor prognosis of GCA patients. Moreover, univariate and multivariate analyses showed that CHOP was an independent prognostic marker for overall survival of GCA patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that low CHOP expression predicts poor prognosis of GCA patients, and CHOP may be potentially a prognostic biomarker for GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - She-Gan Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China.
| | - San-Qiang Li
- Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Zhen-Guo Shi
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Zhi-Kun Ma
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhu
- Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Xiao-Shan Feng
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
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23
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The clinical value of ncRNAs in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4017-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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24
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Wang J, Song YX, Wang ZN. Non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Gene 2015; 560:1-8. [PMID: 25659765 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently become increasingly important in the study of cellular metabolism and regulation such as development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. However, the functions of most ncRNAs have remained largely unknown. Recently, studies have begun to characterize the aberrant regulation of ncRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) cells and tissues. These ncRNAs have a close relationship with drug resistance, and with the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of tumors, so they could possibly become new therapeutic targets and treatment tools for GC in the future. The present review summarized current advances in our knowledge of the roles of ncRNAs in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110001, China.
| | - Yong-Xi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110001, China.
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110001, China.
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25
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Zang S, Guo R, Xing R, Zhang L, Li W, Zhao M, Fang J, Hu F, Kang B, Ren Y, Zhuang Y, Liu S, Wang R, Li X, Yu Y, Cheng J, Lu Y. Identification of differentially-expressed genes in intestinal gastric cancer by microarray analysis. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2014; 12:276-83. [PMID: 25500430 PMCID: PMC4411479 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent malignant tumors. In order to systematically characterize the cellular and molecular mechanisms of intestinal GC development, in this study, we used 22K oligonucleotide microarrays and bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the gene expression profiles of GC in 45 tissue samples, including 20 intestinal GC tissue samples, 20 normal appearing tissues (NATs) adjacent to tumors and 5 noncancerous gastric mucosa tissue samples. These profiles allowed us to explore the transcriptional characteristics of GC and determine the change patterns in gene expression that may be of clinical significance. 1519 and 1255 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in intestinal GC tissues and NATs, respectively, as determined by Bayesian analysis (P<0.001). These genes were associated with diverse functions such as mucosa secretion, metabolism, proliferation, signaling and development, which occur at different stages of GC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhu Zang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Ruifang Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Rui Xing
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology and Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenmei Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Fulian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bin Kang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yonghong Ren
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology and Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yonglong Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology and Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Beijing Institutes of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, USA
| | - Xianghong Li
- Department of Pathology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology and Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Youyong Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
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26
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Zhen Y, Guanghui L, Xiefu Z. Knockdown of EGFR inhibits growth and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:491-7. [PMID: 25394504 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an oncogenic trans-membranous receptor, which is overexpressed in multiple human cancers. However, the role of EGFR in gastric cancer (GC) is still elusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and molecular mechanisms of EGFR in GC cells. Forty cases of GC and the corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT) were collected, and the expression of EGFR was assessed using immunohistochemistry in biopsy samples. Furthermore, EGFR signaling was blocked by constructed recombinant small hairpin RNA lentiviral vector (Lv-shRAGE) used to transfect into human GC SGC-7901 cells. The expression of AKT, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) was detected by real-time PCR and western blotting assays. Cell proliferative activities and invasive capability were, respectively, determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and Transwell assays. Cell apoptosis and cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. EGFR was found highly expressed in cancer tissues compared with the ANCT and correlated with lymph node metastases. Knockdown of EGFR reduced cell proliferation and invasion of GC with decreased expression of AKT, PCNA and MMP-9 and induced cell apoptosis and cycle arrest. Upregulation of EGFR expression is associated with lymph node metastases of GC, and blockade of EGFR signaling suppresses growth and invasion of GC cells through AKT pathway, suggesting that EGFR may represent a potential therapeutic target for this aggressive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhen
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - L Guanghui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Z Xiefu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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27
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Shao Y, Chen H, Jiang X, Chen S, Li P, Ye M, Li Q, Sun W, Guo J. Low expression of lncRNA-HMlincRNA717 in human gastric cancer and its clinical significances. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9591-5. [PMID: 24961350 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been gradually confirmed to be tumor-associated biological molecules in recent years. However, the clinical significances of most lncRNAs in the screening of gastric cancer are largely unknown. Based on our lncRNA array results, in this study, we explored the potential relationship between HMlincRNA717 expression levels and clinicopathologic factors of gastric cancer. A total of 313 samples were collected from two cancer centers, and then HMlincRNA717 level in human gastric cancer tissues and gastric cell lines was measured by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Then, HMlincRNA717 levels at multiple stages of gastric tumorigenesis were investigated and the potential association between it levels, and clinicopathological features were analyzed. The expression levels of HMlincRNA717 in five gastric cancer cell lines, AGS, BGC-823, HGC-27, MGC-803, and SGC-7901, were significantly downregulated than those in normal gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES-1. It was not only downregulated in 62.6 % (67/107) gastric cancer tissues compared with the paired adjacent normal tissues but also in gastric precancerous lesions. More importantly, our results indicated that HMlincRNA717 expression levels were correlated with cancer distal metastasis (P = 0.034), venous invasion (P = 0.029), and nervous invasion (P = 0.024). Our data suggested that lncRNA-HMlincRNA717 may play crucial roles during cancer occurrence and progression and may be a new potential biomarker of early gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Shao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
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