1
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Rork AM, Bala AS, Renner T. Dynamic evolution of the mTHF gene family associated with primary metabolism across life. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:432. [PMID: 38693486 PMCID: PMC11064299 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The folate cycle of one-carbon (C1) metabolism, which plays a central role in the biosynthesis of nucleotides and amino acids, demonstrates the significance of metabolic adaptation. We investigated the evolutionary history of the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (mTHF) gene family, one of the main drivers of the folate cycle, across life. RESULTS Through comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses, we found that several lineages of Archaea lacked domains vital for folate cycle function such as the mTHF catalytic and NAD(P)-binding domains of FolD. Within eukaryotes, the mTHF gene family diversified rapidly. For example, several duplications have been observed in lineages including the Amoebozoa, Opisthokonta, and Viridiplantae. In a common ancestor of Opisthokonta, FolD and FTHFS underwent fusion giving rise to the gene MTHFD1, possessing the domains of both genes. CONCLUSIONS Our evolutionary reconstruction of the mTHF gene family associated with a primary metabolic pathway reveals dynamic evolution, including gene birth-and-death, gene fusion, and potential horizontal gene transfer events and/or amino acid convergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Rork
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
| | - Arthi S Bala
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
- School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Tanya Renner
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
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2
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Do methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 polymorphisms modify changes in intelligence of school-age children in areas of endemic fluorosis? Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:1846-1854. [PMID: 35838408 PMCID: PMC9521762 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive exposure to fluoride can reduce intelligence. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 ( MTHFD1 ) polymorphisms have important roles in neurodevelopment. However, the association of MTHFD1 polymorphisms with children's intelligence changes in endemic fluorosis areas has been rarely explored. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected primary schools in Tongxu County, Henan Province, from April to May in 2017. A total of 694 children aged 8 to 12 years were included in the study with the recruitment by the cluster sampling method. Urinary fluoride (UF) and urinary creatinine were separately determined using the fluoride ion-selective electrode and creatinine assay kit. Children were classified as the high fluoride group and control group according to the median of urinary creatinine-adjusted urinary fluoride (UF Cr ) level. Four loci of MTHFD1 were genotyped, and the Combined Raven's Test was used to evaluate children's intelligence quotient (IQ). Generalized linear model and multinomial logistic regression model were performed to analyze the associations between children's UF Cr level, MTHFD1 polymorphisms, and intelligence. The general linear model was used to explore the effects of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction on intelligence. RESULTS In the high fluoride group, children's IQ scores decreased by 2.502 when the UF Cr level increased by 1.0 mg/L (β = -2.502, 95% confidence interval [CI]:-4.411, -0.593), and the possibility for having "excellent" intelligence decreased by 46.3% (odds ratio = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.994). Children with the GG genotype showed increased IQ scores than those with the AA genotype of rs11627387 locus in the high fluoride group ( P < 0.05). Interactions between fluoride exposure and MTHFD1 polymorphisms on intelligence were observed (Pinteraction < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that excessive fluoride exposure may have adverse effects on children's intelligence, and changes in children's intelligence may be associated with the interaction between fluoride and MTHFD1 polymorphisms.
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3
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Rork AM, Xu S, Attygalle A, Renner T. Primary Metabolism co-Opted for Defensive Chemical Production in the Carabid Beetle, Harpalus pensylvanicus. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:334-349. [PMID: 33689113 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Of the approximately one million described insect species, ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) have long captivated the attention of evolutionary biologists due to the diversity of defensive compounds they synthesize. Produced using defensive glands in the abdomen, ground beetle chemicals represent over 250 compounds including predator-deterring formic acid, which has evolved as a defensive strategy at least three times across Insecta. Despite being a widespread method of defense, formic acid biosynthesis is poorly understood in insects. Previous studies have suggested that the folate cycle of one-carbon (C1) metabolism, a pathway involved in nucleotide biosynthesis, may play a key role in defensive-grade formic acid production in ants. Here, we report on the defensive gland transcriptome of the formic acid-producing ground beetle Harpalus pensylvanicus. The full suite of genes involved in the folate cycle of C1 metabolism are significantly differentially expressed in the defensive glands of H. pensylvanicus when compared to gene expression profiles in the rest of the body. We also find support for two additional pathways potentially involved in the biosynthesis of defensive-grade formic acid, the kynurenine pathway and the methionine salvage cycle. Additionally, we have found an array of differentially expressed genes in the secretory lobes involved in the biosynthesis and transport of cofactors necessary for formic acid biosynthesis, as well as genes presumably involved in the detoxification of secondary metabolites including formic acid. We also provide insight into the evolution of the predominant gene family involved in the folate cycle (MTHFD) and suggest that high expression of folate cycle genes rather than gene duplication and/or neofunctionalization may be more important for defensive-grade formic acid biosynthesis in H. pensylvanicus. This provides the first evidence in Coleoptera and one of a few examples in Insecta of a primary metabolic process being co-opted for defensive chemical biosynthesis. Our results shed light on potential mechanisms of formic acid biosynthesis in the defensive glands of a ground beetle and provide a foundation for further studies into the evolution of formic acid-based chemical defense strategies in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Rork
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Sihang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Athula Attygalle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Tanya Renner
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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4
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CpG-SNP site methylation regulates allele-specific expression of MTHFD1 gene in type 2 diabetes. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1090-1101. [PMID: 32238907 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0422-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms is one of the underlying causes of phenotypic variability in complex diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). To explore the influence of genetic and epigenetic changes in T2D, we examined the effect of methylation of CpG-SNP sites on allele-specific expression (ASE) in one-carbon metabolism pathway genes in T2D. Case-control study was conducted on 860 individuals (430 T2D and 430 controls). CpG-SNPs shortlisted through in silico analysis were genotyped using tetra ARMS PCR and validated using Sanger DNA sequencing. Global DNA methylation was carried out using RP-HPLC. Promoter DNA methylation and CpG site-specific methylation were carried out using bisulfite sequencing. mRNA expression and ASE were examined by SYBR green and TaqMan assay, respectively. Four exonic CpG-SNPs of MTHFD1, MTRR, and GGH genes were identified in folate pathway genes. Among these, MTHFD1 rs2236225 showed significant association with T2D independent of obesity, displayed ASE, and correlated with CpG-SNP site-specific methylation when compared with controls. Our results demonstrate that SNP rs2236225 in the CpG site of MTHFD1, which regulates allele-specific gene expression in PBMCs is methylation dependent and may perturb one-carbon metabolism pathway in T2D subjects.
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5
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Cai CQ, Fang YL, Shu JB, Zhao LS, Zhang RP, Cao LR, Wang YZ, Zhi XF, Cui HL, Shi OY, Liu W. Association of neural tube defects with maternal alterations and genetic polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolic pathway. Ital J Pediatr 2019; 45:37. [PMID: 30867013 PMCID: PMC6416842 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-019-0630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neural tube defects (NTDs) are birth defects of the brain, spine, or spinal cord invoked by the insufficient intake of folic acid in the early stages of pregnancy and have a complex etiology involving both genetic and environmental factors. So the study aimed to explore the association between alterations in maternal one-carbon metabolism and NTDs in the offspring. Methods We conducted a case-control study to get a deeper insight into this association, as well as into the role of genetic polymorphisms. Plasma concentrations of folate, homocysteine (Hcy), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and genotypes and alleles distributions of 52 SNPs in 8 genes were compared for 61 women with NTDs-affected offspring and 61 women with healthy ones. Results There were significant differences between groups with regard to plasma folate, SAM, SAH and SAM/SAH levels. Logistic regression results revealed a significant association between maternal plasma folate level and risk of NTDs in the offspring. For MTHFD1 rs2236225 polymorphism, mothers having GA genotype and A allele exhibited an increased risk of NTDs in the offspring (OR = 2.600, 95%CI: 1.227–5.529; OR = 1.847, 95%CI: 1.047–3.259). For MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism, mothers having TT and CT genotypes were more likely to affect NTDs in the offspring (OR = 4.105, 95%CI: 1.271–13.258; OR = 3.333, 95%CI: 1.068–10.400). Moreover, mothers carrying T allele had a higher risk of NTDs in the offspring (OR = 1.798, 95%CI: 1.070–3.021). For MTRR rs1801394 polymorphism, the frequency of G allele was significantly higher in cases than in controls (OR = 1.763, 95%CI: 1.023–3.036). Mothers with NTDs-affected children had higher AG genotype in RFC1 rs1051226 polymorphism than controls, manifesting an increased risk for NTDs (OR = 3.923, 95%CI: 1.361–11.308). Conclusion Folic acid deficiency, MTHFD1 rs2236225, MTHFR rs1801133, MTRR rs1801349 and RFC1 rs1051226 polymorphisms may be maternal risk factors of NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Quan Cai
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, No.92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yu-Lian Fang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jian-Bo Shu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Lin-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Rui-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Li-Rong Cao
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yi-Zheng Wang
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Zhi
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Hua-Lei Cui
- Department of Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ou-Yan Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Children's Hospital, No.238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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Au KS, Findley TO, Northrup H. Finding the genetic mechanisms of folate deficiency and neural tube defects-Leaving no stone unturned. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:3042-3057. [PMID: 28944587 PMCID: PMC5650505 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur secondary to failed closure of the neural tube between the third and fourth weeks of gestation. The worldwide incidence ranges from 0.3 to 200 per 10,000 births with the United States of American NTD incidence at around 3-6.3 per 10,000 dependent on race and socioeconomic background. Human NTD incidence has fallen by 35-50% in North America due to mandatory folic acid fortification of enriched cereal grain products since 1998. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the folic acid fortification of corn masa flour with the goal to further reduce the incidence of NTDs, especially among individuals who are Hispanic. However, the genetic mechanisms determining who will benefit most from folate enrichment of the diet remains unclear despite volumes of literature published on studies of association of genes with functions related to folate metabolism and risk of human NTDs. The advances in omics technologies provides hypothesis-free tools to interrogate every single gene within the genome of NTD affected individuals to discover pathogenic variants and methylation targets throughout the affected genome. By identifying genes with expression regulated by presence of folate through transcriptome profiling studies, the genetic mechanisms leading to human NTDs due to folate deficiency may begin to be more efficiently revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- KS Au
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Houston – McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - TO Findley
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Houston – McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - H Northrup
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Houston – McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Houston, Houston, TX
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7
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Dutta HK, Borbora D, Baruah M, Narain K. Evidence of gene-gene interactions between MTHFD1 and MTHFR in relation to anterior encephalocele susceptibility in Northeast India. Birth Defects Res 2017; 109:432-444. [PMID: 28398708 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior encephalocele (AE) is a rare congenital anomaly of the central nervous system which is thought to be associated with genetic defects in folate metabolism. METHODS This case-control study investigated the interactions of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1)-1958G>A (rs2236225) and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) - 677C>T (rs1801133) and 1298A>C (rs1801131) polymorphisms with the risk of AE in the Northeast Indian population. A total of 40 AE cases and 80 controls were investigated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS MTHFR 1298CC was significantly associated with AE risk (odds ratio [OR] 4.21; p = 0.01). The MTHFR haplotypes 677C-1298C/677T-1298A (OR, 2.50) and 677T-1298C (OR, 2.86) conferred risk in a progressive manner (χ2 = 9.82; p < 0.01). MTHFD1 1958G>A was not associated with disease susceptibility. Children with the rs2236225 GA and the rs1801131 CC genotypes were at an increased risk as compared to the reference genotype of rs2236225 GG and rs1801131 AA (OR, 14.4; p = 0.02). Children with the rs2236225 GG and rs1801133 CT genotypes were also at an elevated risk (OR, 4.76; p = 0.01). The MTHFD1 polymorphism together with the MTHFR haplotypes elevated risk in a progressive manner (χ2 = 6.29; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION The data support our hypothesis of gene-gene interaction between MTHFD1 and MTHFR and the risk of AE. Together with the MTHFR haplotypes, MTHFD1 elevates risk in a progressive manner. The minor allelic frequencies of the MTHFD1 1958G>A and MTHFR 1298A>C in our populations were similar to those reported from Southeast Asian population, suggesting a possible explanation for the prevalence of this malformation in these regions. Birth Defects Research 109:432-444, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemonta Kr Dutta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Debasish Borbora
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Mauchumi Baruah
- Department of Physiology, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Kanwar Narain
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR) Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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8
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Mohd-Zin SW, Marwan AI, Abou Chaar MK, Ahmad-Annuar A, Abdul-Aziz NM. Spina Bifida: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms, and Genes in Mice and Humans. SCIENTIFICA 2017; 2017:5364827. [PMID: 28286691 PMCID: PMC5327787 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5364827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spina bifida is among the phenotypes of the larger condition known as neural tube defects (NTDs). It is the most common central nervous system malformation compatible with life and the second leading cause of birth defects after congenital heart defects. In this review paper, we define spina bifida and discuss the phenotypes seen in humans as described by both surgeons and embryologists in order to compare and ultimately contrast it to the leading animal model, the mouse. Our understanding of spina bifida is currently limited to the observations we make in mouse models, which reflect complete or targeted knockouts of genes, which perturb the whole gene(s) without taking into account the issue of haploinsufficiency, which is most prominent in the human spina bifida condition. We thus conclude that the need to study spina bifida in all its forms, both aperta and occulta, is more indicative of the spina bifida in surviving humans and that the measure of deterioration arising from caudal neural tube defects, more commonly known as spina bifida, must be determined by the level of the lesion both in mouse and in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti W. Mohd-Zin
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed I. Marwan
- Laboratory for Fetal and Regenerative Biology, Colorado Fetal Care Center, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 17th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noraishah M. Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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9
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Ding Y, Pedersen ER, Svingen GF, Helgeland Ø, Gregory JF, Løland KH, Meyer K, Tell GS, Ueland PM, Nygård OK. Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 1 Polymorphisms Modify the Associations of Plasma Glycine and Serine With Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris in WENBIT (Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 9:541-547. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background—
Serine and glycine interconversion and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1)–mediated 1-carbon transfer are the major sources of methyl groups for 1-carbon metabolism. Recently, plasma glycine and a common polymorphism in MTHFD1 have been associated with risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is, therefore, of interest to explore if these 2 pathways interact in relation to AMI.
Methods and Results—
A total of 2571 participants in the WENBIT (Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial) undergoing coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris were studied. Associations of plasma serine and glycine concentrations with risk of AMI across 2 common and functional MTHFD1 polymorphisms (
rs2236225
and
rs1076991
) were explored in Cox regression models. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 212 patients (8.2%) experienced an AMI. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, plasma glycine (
P
<0.01), but not serine (
P
=0.52), showed an overall association with AMI. However, interactions of MTHFD1
rs2236225
polymorphism with both plasma serine and glycine were observed (
P
interaction
=0.03 for both). Low plasma serine and glycine were associated with an increased risk of AMI among patients carrying the
rs2236225
minor A allele. Similarly, low plasma glycine showed stronger risk relationship with AMI in the
rs1076991
CC genotype carriers but weaker associations in patients carrying the minor T allele (
P
interaction
=0.02).
Conclusions—
Our results showed that 2 common and functional polymorphisms in the
MTHFD1
gene modulate the risk associations of plasma serine and glycine with AMI. These findings emphasize the possible role of the MTHFD1 in regulating serine and glycine metabolism in relation to atherosclerotic complications.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique Identifier: NCT00354081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Ding
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Eva R. Pedersen
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Gard F.T. Svingen
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Øyvind Helgeland
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Jesse F. Gregory
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Kjetil H. Løland
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Klaus Meyer
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Grethe S. Tell
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Per M. Ueland
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
| | - Ottar K. Nygård
- From the Department of Clinical Science (Y.D., E.R.P., P.M.U., O.K.N.), KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science (Ø.H., O.K.N.), and Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (G.S.T.), University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease (G.F.T.S., K.H.L., O.K.N.) and Department of Pediatrics (Ø.H.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Bergen, Norway (P.M.U.); Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,
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Irwin RE, Pentieva K, Cassidy T, Lees-Murdock DJ, McLaughlin M, Prasad G, McNulty H, Walsh CP. The interplay between DNA methylation, folate and neurocognitive development. Epigenomics 2016; 8:863-79. [PMID: 27319574 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation provides an attractive possible means for propagating the effects of environmental inputs during fetal life and impacting subsequent adult mental health, which is leading to increasing collaboration between molecular biologists, nutritionists and psychiatrists. An area of interest is the potential role of folate, not just in neural tube closure in early pregnancy, but in later major neurodevelopmental events, with consequences for later sociocognitive maturation. Here, we set the scene for recent discoveries by reviewing the major events of neural development during fetal life, with an emphasis on tissues and structures where dynamic methylation changes are known to occur. Following this, we give an indication of some of the major classes of genes targeted by methylation and important for neurological and behavioral development. Finally, we highlight some cognitive disorders where methylation changes are implicated as playing an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle E Irwin
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Tony Cassidy
- EpiFASSTT study, Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | | | | | - Girijesh Prasad
- EpiFASSTT study, Computer Sciences Research Institutes, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - Helene McNulty
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Colum P Walsh
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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11
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Prasoona KR, Sunitha T, Srinadh B, Deepika MLN, Kumari TM, Jyothy A. Paternal transmission of MTHFD1 G1958A variant predisposes to neural tube defects in the offspring. Dev Med Child Neurol 2016; 58:625-31. [PMID: 26394717 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) G1958A variant (rs2236225) as a 'maternal, paternal, or embryonic' genetic risk factor for neural tube defect (NTD) susceptibility. It also estimated differential associations based on type of NTD, offspring sex, maternal-paternal-offspring genotype incompatibility, and parent-of-origin effects (POE) using both case-control and family-based approach. In addition, genotype impact on serum folate levels was also assessed. METHOD The study population (n=900) consisted of 120 NTD case-parent triads (n=120×3=360) and 180 healthy control-parent triads (n=180×3=540) from South India. Umbilical cord tissues were collected from those with NTD and control newborn infants, and blood samples from case and control parents. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Statistical analysis used were SPSS, transmission disequilibrium test and POE. Serum folate levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In the case-control study, those with the MTHFD1 G1958A variant were associated with around twofold risk of anencephaly (p=0.01) and spina bifida (p<0.01). Among parents, fathers were associated with around twofold risk of having an offspring with anencephaly (p<0.01). Considering offspring sex, the A allele in single or double dose conferred around two- to fourfold risk of anencephaly (p=0.01), spina bifida (p<0.01), and encephalocele (p<0.05) in females only. Maternal AA genotype was not associated independently but conferred threefold risk when combined with paternal GA genotype (p=0.01). Transmission disequilibrium and POE were not observed in controls (p>0.05) but revealed excess total (odds ratio [OR]=2.21; p<0.01) and paternal transmission (OR=7.00; p<0.01) of the G1958A allele to those with spina bifida, which remained the same for female cases (total transmission OR=3.00, p=0.01; paternal transmission OR=12.00, p<0.01). Increased serum folate levels were observed in case fathers with GA and AA genotypes than control fathers (p<0.01). INTERPRETATION Our research provides the first evidence supporting a paternal, rather than a maternal, transmission bias of MTHFD1 G1958A variant for NTD susceptibility in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kattekola R Prasoona
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Tella Sunitha
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Buragadda Srinadh
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Madireddy L N Deepika
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Akka Jyothy
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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12
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Ding YP, Pedersen EKR, Johansson S, Gregory JF, Ueland PM, Svingen GFT, Helgeland Ø, Meyer K, Fredriksen Å, Nygård OK. B vitamin treatments modify the risk of myocardial infarction associated with a MTHFD1 polymorphism in patients with stable angina pectoris. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:495-501. [PMID: 26803590 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) catalyzes three sequential reactions that metabolize derivatives of tetrahydrofolate (THF) in folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Impaired MTHFD1 flux has been linked to disturbed lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. However, limited information is available on its relation to the development of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We explored the association between a MTHFD1 polymorphism (rs1076991 C > T) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and potential effect modifications by folic acid/B12 and/or vitamin B6 treatment in suspected stable angina pectoris patients (n = 2381) participating in the randomized Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial (WENBIT). During the median follow-up of 4.9 years 204 participants (8.6%) suffered an AMI. After adjusting for established CVD risk factors, the MTHFD1 polymorphism was significantly associated with AMI (HR: 1.49; 95% CI, 1.23-1.81). A similar association was observed among patients allocated to treatment with vitamin B6 alone (HR: 1.53; 95% CI, 1.01-2.31), and an even stronger relationship was seen in patients treated with both vitamin B6 and folic acid/B12 (HR: 2.35; 95% CI, 1.55-3.57). However, no risk association between the MTHFD1 polymorphism and AMI was seen in patients treated with placebo (HR: 1.29; 95% CI, 0.86-1.93) or folic acid/B12 (1.17; 95% CI, 0.83-1.65). CONCLUSION A common and functional MTHFD1 polymorphism is associated with increased risk of AMI, although the risk seems to be dependent on specific B vitamin treatment. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the possible mechanisms, also in order to explore potential effect modifications by nutritional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Ding
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway.
| | - E K R Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - S Johansson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway; Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - J F Gregory
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - P M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - G F T Svingen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Ø Helgeland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - K Meyer
- Bevital AS, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Å Fredriksen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - O K Nygård
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway; Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
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13
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Bueno O, Molloy AM, Fernandez-Ballart JD, García-Minguillán CJ, Ceruelo S, Ríos L, Ueland PM, Meyer K, Murphy MM. Common Polymorphisms That Affect Folate Transport or Metabolism Modify the Effect of the MTHFR 677C > T Polymorphism on Folate Status. J Nutr 2016; 146:1-8. [PMID: 26561410 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.223685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although combinations of biologically relevant polymorphic variants affect folate status, most studies have focused on the effects of individual polymorphisms; however, these effects may be altered by interactions between polymorphisms. OBJECTIVE We investigated the individual and combined effects of polymorphisms that affect folate transport or metabolism on folate status. METHODS The associations between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C > T, methionine transferase reductase (MTRR) 66A > G, MTRR 524C > T, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase-10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (MTHFD1) 1958G > A, MTHFD1 -105C > T, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) 19-bp insertion/deletion, and solute carrier family 19A, member 1 (SLC19A1) 80G > A polymorphisms and fasting plasma folate (PF), red cell folate (RCF), and plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) were tested by ANCOVA and Cox regression analysis in 781 Spanish adults. RESULTS Folate deficiency (PF <7 nmol/L) was observed in 18.8% of the participants. Geometric mean PF (nmol/L) was lower in MTHFR 677TT (10.0; 95% CI: 9.2, 11.9) compared with 677CC (12.4; 95% CI: 11.6, 13.2; P < 0.001). RCF (nmol/L) was lower in MTHFR 677TT (652; 95% CI: 611, 695) compared with 677CC (889; 95% CI: 851, 929; P < 0.001) and in SLC19A1 80AA (776; 95% CI: 733, 822) compared with 80GG (861; 95% CI: 815, 910; P < 0.01). RCF and tHcy (μmol/L) did not differ in MTHFR + MTRR 677TT/524TT compared with 677CC/524CC: 780 (95% CI: 647, 941) compared with 853 (95% CI: 795, 915; P = 0.99) and 10.2 (95% CI: 8.4, 12.3) compared with 8.9 (95% CI: 8.5, 9.4; P = 0.99), respectively. The RR of lowest-tertile RCF (≤680 nmol/L) was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.0, 4.5) for MTHFR + MTRR 677TT/66GG compared with 677CC/66AA, 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2, 4.1) for MTHFR + MTHFD1 677TT/1958AA compared with 677CC/1958GG, 2.9 (95% CI: 1.4, 6.0) for MTHFR + MTHFD1 677TT/-105TT compared with 677CC/-105CC, and 3.5 (95% CI: 1.5, 8.1) for MTHFR + SLC19A1 677TT/80AA compared with 677CC/80GG. Confining the analysis to the MTHFR 677TT genotype, the risk of lowest-tertile RCF was reduced for MTHFR + MTRR 677TT/66GG compared with 677TT/66AA (RR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3, 0.9). CONCLUSIONS Folate status was lower in the MTHFR 677TT and SLC19A1 80AA genotypes compared with corresponding reference genotypes. Low folate status risk associated with the MTHFR 677TT genotype varied depending on its combination with other polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Bueno
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Biomedical Research Network, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne M Molloy
- Schools of Medicine and Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joan D Fernandez-Ballart
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Biomedical Research Network, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos J García-Minguillán
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Biomedical Research Network, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ceruelo
- Biomedical Research Network, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Primary Health Center, El Morell, Spain
| | - Lídia Ríos
- Primary Health Center, Cambrils, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Per M Ueland
- University of Bergen, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Science, Bergen, Norway; and
| | | | - Michelle M Murphy
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Biomedical Research Network, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;
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14
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Wu J, Bao Y, Lu X, Wu L, Zhang T, Guo J, Yang J. Polymorphisms in MTHFD1 Gene and Susceptibility to Neural Tube Defects: A Case-Control Study in a Chinese Han Population with Relatively Low Folate Levels. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2630-7. [PMID: 26343515 PMCID: PMC4566945 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) has been reported as a risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs). In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MTHFD1 gene are associated with NTDs in a Chinese population and to determine their mechanism of action. Material/Methods MTHFD1 gene was scanned in a total of 270 NTDs cases and 192 healthy controls by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. After quality control procedures, 208 selected SNP sites in MTHFD1 gene were enrolled for follow-up statistical association analyses. Functional analyses were also performed for significant SNPs through bioinformatics analysis. Folic acid levels of brain tissue in available NTDs cases and healthy controls (113 and 123, respectively) were measured. Statistical and bioinformatics analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between SNPs in MTHFD1 and susceptibility to NTDs. Results Statistical analysis showed that 2 independent SNPs, rs1956545 and rs56811449, confer the risk of NTDs (P value=0.0195, OR (odds ratio)=1.41, 95% CI (confidence interval)=1.06–1.88; P value=0.0107, OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.36–0.87). The haplotype GGGG, which consists of 4 SNPs (rs2236225, rs2236224, rs1256146, and rs6573559), is also associated with risk of NTDs (P value=0.0438, OR=0.7180, 95% CI=0.5214–0.9888). The risk allele C of rs1956545 is also associated with decreased folic acid levels in the brain (P value=0.0222, standard beta=−0.2238, 95% CI=−0.4128 – −0.0349) according to analysis in the subset of NTDs cases and healthy controls. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that rs1956545 and rs56811449 are within ENCODE regulatory regions, the open chromatin regions of blastula Trophoblast cell line, and histone-marked region of brain astrocyte cell line. Conclusions The polymorphism of SNP loci rs1956545 and rs56811449 as well as a haplotype in MTHFD1 gene could serve as an indicator for the occurrence of NTDs in Chinese population and some specific genotypes of the loci may have lower risk of developing NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, The Capital Institute of Physical Education of China, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yihua Bao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Lihua Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
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15
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Mazumdar M, Valeri L, Rodrigues EG, Ibne Hasan MOS, Hamid R, Paul L, Selhub J, Silva F, Mostofa MG, Quamruzzaman Q, Rahman M, Christiani DC. Polymorphisms in maternal folate pathway genes interact with arsenic in drinking water to influence risk of myelomeningocele. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 103:754-62. [PMID: 26250961 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic induces neural tube defects in many animal models. Additionally, studies have shown that mice with specific genetic defects in folate metabolism and transport are more susceptible to arsenic-induced neural tube defects. We sought to determine whether 14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism modified the effect of exposure to drinking water contaminated with inorganic arsenic and posterior neural tube defect (myelomeningocele) risk. METHODS Fifty-four mothers of children with myelomeningocele and 55 controls were enrolled through clinical sites in rural Bangladesh in a case-control study of the association between environmental arsenic exposure and risk of myelomeningocele. We assessed participants for level of myelomeningocele, administered questionnaires, conducted biological and environmental sample collection, and performed genotyping. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure inorganic arsenic concentration in drinking water. Candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified through review of the literature. RESULTS Drinking water inorganic arsenic concentration was associated with increased risk of myelomeningocele for participants with 4 of the 14 studied single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism: the AA/AG genotype of rs2236225 (MTHFD1), the GG genotype of rs1051266 (SLC19A1), the TT genotype of rs7560488 (DNMT3A), and the GG genotype of rs3740393 (AS3MT) with adjusted odds ratio of 1.13, 1.31, 1.20, and 1.25 for rs2236225, rs1051266, rs7560488, and rs3740393, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that environmental arsenic exposure increases the risk of myelomeningocele by means of interaction with folate metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitreyi Mazumdar
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Linda Valeri
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ema G Rodrigues
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Ligi Paul
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacob Selhub
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fareesa Silva
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Silver MJ, Corbin KD, Hellenthal G, da Costa KA, Dominguez-Salas P, Moore SE, Owen J, Prentice AM, Hennig BJ, Zeisel SH. Evidence for negative selection of gene variants that increase dependence on dietary choline in a Gambian cohort. FASEB J 2015; 29:3426-35. [PMID: 25921832 PMCID: PMC4511208 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-271056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Choline is an essential nutrient, and the amount needed in the diet is modulated by
several factors. Given geographical differences in dietary choline intake and
disparate frequencies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in choline metabolism
genes between ethnic groups, we tested the hypothesis that 3 SNPs that increase
dependence on dietary choline would be under negative selection pressure in settings
where choline intake is low: choline dehydrogenase (CHDH) rs12676,
methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 1 (MTHFD1) rs2236225, and
phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase
(PEMT) rs12325817. Evidence of negative selection was assessed in
2 populations: one in The Gambia, West Africa, where there is historic evidence of a
choline-poor diet, and the other in the United States, with a comparatively
choline-rich diet. We used 2 independent methods, and confirmation of our hypothesis
was sought via a comparison with SNP data from the Maasai, an East
African population with a genetic background similar to that of Gambians but with a
traditional diet that is higher in choline. Our results show that frequencies of SNPs
known to increase dependence on dietary choline are significantly reduced in the
low-choline setting of The Gambia. Our findings suggest that adequate intake levels
of choline may have to be reevaluated in different ethnic groups and highlight a
possible approach for identifying novel functional SNPs under the influence of
dietary selective pressure.—Silver, M. J., Corbin, K. D., Hellenthal, G., da
Costa, K.-A., Dominguez-Salas, P., Moore, S. E., Owen, J., Prentice, A. M., Hennig,
B. J., Zeisel, S. H. Evidence for negative selection of gene variants that increase
dependence on dietary choline in a Gambian cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt J Silver
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen D Corbin
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Garrett Hellenthal
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kerry-Ann da Costa
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Dominguez-Salas
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie E Moore
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Owen
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Branwen J Hennig
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Steven H Zeisel
- *Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Unit, Banjul, The Gambia; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom; Toxicology Services, Incorporated, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; and Maternal and Child Nutrition Group, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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17
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Zheng J, Lu X, Liu H, Zhao P, Li K, Li L. MTHFD1 polymorphism as maternal risk for neural tube defects: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:607-16. [PMID: 25502174 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-2035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1) G1958A polymorphism and neural tube defects (NTD) susceptibility has been widely investigated; however, the results remained inconclusive. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism on NTD. The relative literatures were identified by search of the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. The extracted data were statistically analyzed, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association strength using Stata version 11.0 software. Finally, ten studies met our inclusion criteria, including 2,132/4,082 in NTD infants and controls; 1,402/3,136 in mothers with NTD offspring and controls; and 993/2,879 in fathers with NTD offspring and controls. This meta-analysis showed that, compared with the mothers with GG genotype, the women with AA genotype had an increased risk of NTD in their offspring, with OR values and 95 % CI at 1.39 (1.16-1.68), p < 0.001. Interestingly, fathers with AG genotype had a significant decreased risk of NTD offspring (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI = 0.66-0.94, p = 0.009). However, there was no significant association between the MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism in NTD patients and the risk of NTD. In conclusion, the present meta-analysis provided evidence of the association between maternal MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism and NTD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Meng J, Han L, Zhuang B. Association between MTHFD1 polymorphisms and neural tube defect susceptibility. J Neurol Sci 2014; 348:188-94. [PMID: 25524527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neural tube defect (NTD) is a common disease among neonates with multiplex symptom and complex origins, and the exact mechanism of NTD has not been definitely elucidated. Nevertheless, it is hypothesized that NTD risk can be prevented by periconceptional folic acid in folate metabolism. The methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) gene has been proved to play an important role in folate metabolism, which was strongly associated with the high risk for NTD. We focused on three folate metabolism-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the MTHFD1 gene to evaluate the associations between MTHFD1 polymorphisms and NTD susceptibility. METHODS We genotyped blood samples from 222 specimens (including 122 NTD-affected infants and 100 healthy controls) in a case-control study. We investigated the association between NTD and three selected tag-SNPs on MTHFD1 gene: 401A>G (rs1950902), 2305C>T (rs17857382) and 1958G>A (rs2236225) by the SNapShot method. These SNPs were identified by Haploview 4.2 software with HapMap databases, and then these associations were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test. Furthermore, a meta-analysis of the association between MTHFD1 1958G>A and NTD risk was also performed. RESULTS In our study, an increased risk of NTD was observed for 1958G>A of MTHFD1 (AA vs. GG: OR=2.63, 95% CI=2.61-5.70; AA vs. GG+GA: OR=2.10, 95% CI=1.07-4.14; A vs. G: OR=1.62, 95% CI=1.11-2.36). However, the other two SNPs (401A>G and 2305C>T) displayed no statistically significant association with NTD risk. The overall result of the meta-analysis indicated that the 1958G>A variant might not be a genetic susceptible factor for the Caucasian population. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis implicated that MTHFD1 1958G>A was significantly associated with the susceptibility of NTD in a Chinese population. In addition, the AA homozygote carriers were more likely to suffer NTD, compared with the others with GA or GG genotypes. Validation of the risk effect and functional impact of this polymorphism is needed in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Meng
- Neonatal Ward, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of PICU, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining 272000, China
| | - Bo Zhuang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China.
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Jiang J, Zhang Y, Wei L, Sun Z, Liu Z. Association between MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism and neural tube defects susceptibility: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101169. [PMID: 24977710 PMCID: PMC4076264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) gene, as one of the key genes involved in the folate pathway, has been reported to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the results of published studies are contradictory and inconclusive. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of the common polymorphism in the MTHFD1 gene, the G1958A (R653Q, dbSNP ID: rs2236225) variant, on the risk of NTDs in all eligible studies. Methods Relevant literature published before January 3, 2014 was retrieved from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases. Pooled crude odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between the MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism and NTDs risk. Results We performed a meta-analysis of nine studies with a total of 4,302 NTDs patients and 4,238 healthy controls. Our results demonstrated a significant correlation between the MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism and NTDs in an overall meta-analysis. For family-based studies, the study subjects were classified as NTD cases, mothers with NTDs offspring, and fathers with NTDs offspring. We found no association between any of the fathers’ genotypes and NTDs, whereas there was a clear excess of the 1958A allele in the mothers of children with NTDs compared with controls individuals. Conclusions In summary, our meta-analysis strongly suggests that the MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism might be associated with maternal risk for NTDs in Caucasian populations. However, the evidence of this association should be interpreted with caution due to the selective nature of publication of genetic association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Jiang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZS); (ZL)
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZS); (ZL)
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Roles of genetic polymorphisms in the folate pathway in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia evaluated by Bayesian relevance and effect size analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69843. [PMID: 23940529 PMCID: PMC3734218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigated whether polymorphisms in the folate pathway influenced the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or the survival rate of the patients. For this we selected and genotyped 67 SNPs in 15 genes in the folate pathway in 543 children with ALL and 529 controls. The results were evaluated by gender adjusted logistic regression and by the Bayesian network based Bayesian multilevel analysis of relevance (BN-BMLA) methods. Bayesian structure based odds ratios for the relevant variables and interactions were also calculated. Altogether 9 SNPs in 8 genes were associated with altered susceptibility to ALL. After correction for multiple testing, two associations remained significant. The genotype distribution of the MTHFD1 rs1076991 differed significantly between the ALL and control population. Analyzing the subtypes of the disease the GG genotype increased only the risk of B-cell ALL (p = 3.52×10−4; OR = 2.00). The GG genotype of the rs3776455 SNP in the MTRR gene was associated with a significantly reduced risk to ALL (p = 1.21×10−3; OR = 0.55), which resulted mainly from the reduced risk to B-cell and hyperdiploid-ALL. The TC genotype of the rs9909104 SNP in the SHMT1 gene was associated with a lower survival rate comparing it to the TT genotype (80.2% vs. 88.8%; p = 0.01). The BN-BMLA confirmed the main findings of the frequentist-based analysis and showed structural interactional maps and the probabilities of the different structural association types of the relevant SNPs especially in the hyperdiploid-ALL, involving additional SNPs in genes like TYMS, DHFR and GGH. We also investigated the statistical interactions and redundancies using structural model properties. These results gave further evidence that polymorphisms in the folate pathway could influence the ALL risk and the effectiveness of the therapy. It was also shown that in gene association studies the BN-BMLA could be a useful supplementary to the traditional frequentist-based statistical method.
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Christensen KE, Deng L, Leung KY, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Malysheva OV, Caudill MA, Krupenko NI, Greene ND, Jerome-Majewska L, MacKenzie RE, Rozen R. A novel mouse model for genetic variation in 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase exhibits disturbed purine synthesis with impacts on pregnancy and embryonic development. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:3705-19. [PMID: 23704330 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in one-carbon folate metabolism have been identified as risk factors for disease because they may impair the production or use of one-carbon folates required for nucleotide synthesis and methylation. p.R653Q (1958G>A) is a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (formylTHF) synthetase domain of the trifunctional enzyme MTHFD1; this domain produces the formylTHF which is required for the de novo synthesis of purines. Approximately 20% of Caucasians are homozygous for the Q allele. MTHFD1 p.R653Q has been proposed as a risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs), congenital heart defects (CHDs) and pregnancy losses. We have generated a novel mouse model in which the MTHFD1 synthetase activity is inactivated without affecting protein expression or the other activities of this enzyme. Complete loss of synthetase activity (Mthfd1S(-/-)) is incompatible with life; embryos die shortly after 10.5 days gestation, and are developmentally delayed or abnormal. The proportion of 10-formylTHF in the plasma and liver of Mthfd1S(+/-) mice is reduced (P < 0.05), and de novo purine synthesis is impaired in Mthfd1S(+/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs, P < 0.005). Female Mthfd1S(+/-) mice had decreased neutrophil counts (P < 0.05) during pregnancy and increased incidence of developmental defects in embryos (P = 0.052). These findings suggest that synthetase deficiency may lead to pregnancy complications through decreased purine synthesis and reduced cellular proliferation. Additional investigation of the impact of synthetase polymorphisms on human pregnancy is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and Montreal Children's Hospital site/McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Etheredge AJ, Finnell RH, Carmichael SL, Lammer EJ, Zhu H, Mitchell LE, Shaw GM. Maternal and infant gene-folate interactions and the risk of neural tube defects. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:2439-46. [PMID: 22903727 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common, serious malformations with a complex etiology that suggests involvement of both genetic and environmental factors. The authors evaluated maternal or offspring folate-related gene variants and interactions between the gene variants and maternal intake of folates on the risk of NTDs in their offspring. A case-control study was conducted on mothers and/or their fetuses and infants who were born in California from 1999 to 2003 with an NTD (cases n = 222, including 24 mother-infant pairs) or without a major malformation (controls n = 454, including 186 mother-infant pairs). Maternal intake of folates was assessed by food frequency questionnaire and genotyping was performed on samples from mothers and infants. For mothers in the lowest folate-intake group, risk of NTDs in offspring was significantly decreased for maternal MTHFR SNPs rs1476413, rs1801131, and rs1801133 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.55, 80% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20, 1.48; OR = 0.58, 80% CI: 0.24, 1.43; OR = 0.69, 80% CI: 0.41, 1.17, respectively), and TYMS SNPs rs502396 and rs699517 (OR = 0.91, 80% CI: 0.53, 1.56; OR = 0.70, 80% CI: 0.38, 1.29). A gene-only effect was observed for maternal SHMT1 SNP rs669340 (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.96). When there was low maternal folate intake, risk of NTDs was significantly increased for infant MTHFD1 SNPs rs2236224, rs2236225, and rs11627387 (OR = 1.58, 80% CI: 0.99, 2.51; OR = 1.53, 80% CI: 0.95, 2.47; OR = 4.25, 80% CI: 2.33, 7.75, respectively) and SHMT1 SNP rs12939757 (OR = 2.01, 80% CI: 1.20, 3.37), but decreased for TYMS SNP rs2847153 (OR = 0.73, 80% CI: 0.37, 1.45). Although power to detect interaction effects was low for this birth defects association study, the gene-folate interactions observed in this study represent preliminary findings that will be useful for informing future studies on the complex etiology of NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analee J Etheredge
- Texas A&M System Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, USA
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Marini NJ, Hoffmann TJ, Lammer EJ, Hardin J, Lazaruk K, Stein JB, Gilbert DA, Wright C, Lipzen A, Pennacchio LA, Carmichael SL, Witte JS, Shaw GM, Rine J. A genetic signature of spina bifida risk from pathway-informed comprehensive gene-variant analysis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28408. [PMID: 22140583 PMCID: PMC3227667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite compelling epidemiological evidence that folic acid supplements reduce the frequency of neural tube defects (NTDs) in newborns, common variant association studies with folate metabolism genes have failed to explain the majority of NTD risk. The contribution of rare alleles as well as genetic interactions within the folate pathway have not been extensively studied in the context of NTDs. Thus, we sequenced the exons in 31 folate-related genes in a 480-member NTD case-control population to identify the full spectrum of allelic variation and determine whether rare alleles or obvious genetic interactions within this pathway affect NTD risk. We constructed a pathway model, predetermined independent of the data, which grouped genes into coherent sets reflecting the distinct metabolic compartments in the folate/one-carbon pathway (purine synthesis, pyrimidine synthesis, and homocysteine recycling to methionine). By integrating multiple variants based on these groupings, we uncovered two provocative, complex genetic risk signatures. Interestingly, these signatures differed by race/ethnicity: a Hispanic risk profile pointed to alterations in purine biosynthesis, whereas that in non-Hispanic whites implicated homocysteine metabolism. In contrast, parallel analyses that focused on individual alleles, or individual genes, as the units by which to assign risk revealed no compelling associations. These results suggest that the ability to layer pathway relationships onto clinical variant data can be uniquely informative for identifying genetic risk as well as for generating mechanistic hypotheses. Furthermore, the identification of ethnic-specific risk signatures for spina bifida resonated with epidemiological data suggesting that the underlying pathogenesis may differ between Hispanic and non-Hispanic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Marini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (NJM); (JR)
| | - Thomas J. Hoffmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Edward J. Lammer
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Jill Hardin
- VitaPath Genetics, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Katherine Lazaruk
- VitaPath Genetics, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Jason B. Stein
- VitaPath Genetics, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Dennis A. Gilbert
- VitaPath Genetics, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America
| | - Crystal Wright
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America
| | - Anna Lipzen
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America
| | - Len A. Pennacchio
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America
| | - Suzan L. Carmichael
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - John S. Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Gary M. Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jasper Rine
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (NJM); (JR)
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Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common, severe congenital malformations whose causation involves multiple genes and environmental factors. Although more than 200 genes are known to cause NTDs in mice, there has been rather limited progress in delineating the molecular basis underlying most human NTDs. Numerous genetic studies have been carried out to investigate candidate genes in cohorts of patients, with particular reference to those that participate in folate one-carbon metabolism. Although the homocysteine remethylation gene MTHFR has emerged as a risk factor in some human populations, few other consistent findings have resulted from this approach. Similarly, attention focused on the human homologues of mouse NTD genes has contributed only limited positive findings to date, although an emerging association between genes of the non-canonical Wnt (planar cell polarity) pathway and NTDs provides candidates for future studies. Priorities for the next phase of this research include: (i) larger studies that are sufficiently powered to detect significant associations with relatively minor risk factors; (ii) analysis of multiple candidate genes in groups of well-genotyped individuals to detect possible gene-gene interactions; (iii) use of high throughput genomic technology to evaluate the role of copy number variants and to detect 'private' and regulatory mutations, neither of which have been studied to date; (iv) detailed analysis of patient samples stratified by phenotype to enable, for example, hypothesis-driven testing of candidates genes in groups of NTDs with specific defects of folate metabolism, or in groups of fetuses with well-defined phenotypes such as craniorachischisis.
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