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Trouillard O, Méneret A, Dunoyer M, Doulazmi M, Dusart I, Dubacq C, Roze E. Comment on "Defining the Genetic Landscape of Congenital Mirror Movements in 80 Affected Individuals". Mov Disord 2024; 39:925-926. [PMID: 38757571 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oriane Trouillard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, NPS, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Méneret
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France
| | - Margaux Dunoyer
- Département de Neurologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Doulazmi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, B2A, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Dusart
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, NPS, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Dubacq
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, NPS, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France
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Collins Hutchinson ML, St-Onge J, Schlienger S, Boudrahem-Addour N, Mougharbel L, Michaud JF, Lloyd C, Bruneau E, Roux C, Sahly AN, Osterman B, Myers KA, Rouleau GA, Jimenez Cruz DA, Rivière JB, Accogli A, Charron F, Srour M. Defining the Genetic Landscape of Congenital Mirror Movements in 80 Affected Individuals. Mov Disord 2024; 39:400-410. [PMID: 38314870 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital mirror movements (CMM) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by involuntary movements from one side of the body that mirror voluntary movements on the opposite side. To date, five genes have been associated with CMM, namely DCC, RAD51, NTN1, ARHGEF7, and DNAL4. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to characterize the genetic landscape of CMM in a large group of 80 affected individuals. METHODS We screened 80 individuals with CMM from 43 families for pathogenic variants in CMM genes. In large CMM families, we tested for presence of pathogenic variants in multiple affected and unaffected individuals. In addition, we evaluated the impact of three missense DCC variants on binding between DCC and Netrin-1 in vitro. RESULTS Causal pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were found in 35% of probands overall, and 70% with familial CMM. The most common causal gene was DCC, responsible for 28% of CMM probands and 80% of solved cases. RAD51, NTN1, and ARHGEF7 were rare causes of CMM, responsible for 2% each. Penetrance of CMM in DCC pathogenic variant carriers was 68% and higher in males than females (74% vs. 54%). The three tested missense variants (p.Ile164Thr; p.Asn176Ser; and p.Arg1343His) bind Netrin-1 similarly to wild type DCC. CONCLUSIONS A genetic etiology can be identified in one third of CMM individuals, with DCC being the most common gene involved. Two thirds of CMM individuals were unsolved, highlighting that CMM is genetically heterogeneous and other CMM genes are yet to be discovered. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan L Collins Hutchinson
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Judith St-Onge
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Lina Mougharbel
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Clara Lloyd
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elena Bruneau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cedric Roux
- Bioinformatics Platform, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ahmed N Sahly
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bradley Osterman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kenneth A Myers
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montréal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frederic Charron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Ozyavuz Cubuk P. New candidate region for mirror hand movements: two patients with terminal 9p deletion and 20p duplication. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:243. [PMID: 38300327 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The 9p deletion syndrome, which was defined in a detailed way in the previous studies, was characterized by various clinical features such as psychomotor retardation, dysmorphic features and genital anomalies. In contrast to 9p deletion syndrome, 20p duplication was rarely reported in the literature with only a few case reports. Regarding the combination of 9p deletion syndrome and 20p duplication, we found that it was reported in only four patients. In the current study, we aimed to investigate a rare chromosomal rearrangement, partial monosomy 9p and trisomy 20p which was observed in two patients with mirror hand movements. The mirror hand movements was influenced by the combination of genetic and environmental factors. While some cases have been associated with mutations in the DCC, NTN1, RAD51, and DNAL4, there were many cases where the genetic basis of mirror hand movements remained unexplained. There was no alteration detected in genes that were previously known as a cause of mirror hand movement in our patients. This new finding could potentially be attributed to the dosage effect of genes within the 9p deletion or 20p duplication regions or to the genes disrupted within the breakpoint region. Future research focusing on the genes within this genomic locus may hold the potential to uncover novel etiologic reasons for mirror hand movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Ozyavuz Cubuk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haseki Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Schlienger S, Yam PT, Balekoglu N, Ducuing H, Michaud JF, Makihara S, Kramer DK, Chen B, Fasano A, Berardelli A, Hamdan FF, Rouleau GA, Srour M, Charron F. Genetics of mirror movements identifies a multifunctional complex required for Netrin-1 guidance and lateralization of motor control. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd5501. [PMID: 37172092 PMCID: PMC10181192 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mirror movements (MM) disorder is characterized by involuntary movements on one side of the body that mirror intentional movements on the opposite side. We performed genetic characterization of a family with autosomal dominant MM and identified ARHGEF7, a RhoGEF, as a candidate MM gene. We found that Arhgef7 and its partner Git1 bind directly to Dcc. Dcc is the receptor for Netrin-1, an axon guidance cue that attracts commissural axons to the midline, promoting the midline crossing of axon tracts. We show that Arhgef7 and Git1 are required for Netrin-1-mediated axon guidance and act as a multifunctional effector complex. Arhgef7/Git1 activates Rac1 and Cdc42 and inhibits Arf1 downstream of Netrin-1. Furthermore, Arhgef7/Git1, via Arf1, mediates the Netrin-1-induced increase in cell surface Dcc. Mice heterozygous for Arhgef7 have defects in commissural axon trajectories and increased symmetrical paw placements during skilled walking, a MM-like phenotype. Thus, we have delineated how ARHGEF7 mutation causes MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Schlienger
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Patricia T. Yam
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Nursen Balekoglu
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Hugo Ducuing
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Michaud
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Shirin Makihara
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Daniel K. Kramer
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Alfonso Fasano
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fadi F. Hamdan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T1C5, Canada
| | - Guy A. Rouleau
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T1C5, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Frederic Charron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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Long KLP, Muroy SE, Sorooshyari SK, Ko MJ, Jaques Y, Sudmant P, Kaufer D. Transcriptomic profiles of stress susceptibility and resilience in the amygdala and hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.08.527777. [PMID: 36798395 PMCID: PMC9934702 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.08.527777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
A single, severe episode of stress can bring about myriad responses amongst individuals, ranging from cognitive enhancement to debilitating and persistent anxiety; however, the biological mechanisms that contribute to resilience versus susceptibility to stress are poorly understood. The dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) are key limbic regions that are susceptible to the neural and hormonal effects of stress. Previous work has also shown that these regions contribute to individual variability in stress responses; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of these regions in susceptibility and resilience are unknown. In this study, we profiled the transcriptomic signatures of the DG and BLA of rats with divergent behavioral outcomes after a single, severe stressor. We subjected rats to three hours of immobilization with exposure to fox urine and conducted a behavioral battery one week after stress to identify animals that showed persistent, high anxiety-like behavior. We then conducted bulk RNA sequencing of the DG and BLA from susceptible, resilient, and unexposed control rats. Differential gene expression analyses revealed that the molecular signatures separating each of the three groups were distinct and non-overlapping between the DG and BLA. In the amygdala, key genes associated with insulin and hormonal signaling corresponded with vulnerability. Specifically, Inhbb, Rab31 , and Ncoa3 were upregulated in the amygdala of stress-susceptible animals compared to resilient animals. In the hippocampus, increased expression of Cartpt - which encodes a key neuropeptide involved in reward, reinforcement, and stress responses - was strongly correlated with vulnerability to anxiety-like behavior. However, few other genes distinguished stress-susceptible animals from control animals, while a larger number of genes separated stress-resilient animals from control and stress-susceptible animals. Of these, Rnf112, Tbx19 , and UBALD1 distinguished resilient animals from both control and susceptible animals and were downregulated in resilience, suggesting that an active molecular response in the hippocampus facilitates protection from the long-term consequences of severe stress. These results provide novel insight into the mechanisms that bring about individual variability in the behavioral responses to stress and provide new targets for the advancement of therapies for stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Pânzaru MC, Popa S, Lupu A, Gavrilovici C, Lupu VV, Gorduza EV. Genetic heterogeneity in corpus callosum agenesis. Front Genet 2022; 13:958570. [PMID: 36246626 PMCID: PMC9562966 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.958570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum is the largest white matter structure connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), complete or partial, is one of the most common cerebral malformations in humans with a reported incidence ranging between 1.8 per 10,000 livebirths to 230–600 per 10,000 in children and its presence is associated with neurodevelopmental disability. ACC may occur as an isolated anomaly or as a component of a complex disorder, caused by genetic changes, teratogenic exposures or vascular factors. Genetic causes are complex and include complete or partial chromosomal anomalies, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive or X-linked monogenic disorders, which can be either de novo or inherited. The extreme genetic heterogeneity, illustrated by the large number of syndromes associated with ACC, highlight the underlying complexity of corpus callosum development. ACC is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to neonatal death. The most common features are epilepsy, motor impairment and intellectual disability. The understanding of the genetic heterogeneity of ACC may be essential for the diagnosis, developing early intervention strategies, and informed family planning. This review summarizes our current understanding of the genetic heterogeneity in ACC and discusses latest discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica-Cristina Pânzaru
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Setalia Popa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- *Correspondence: Setalia Popa, ; Vasile Valeriu Lupu,
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Gavrilovici
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
- *Correspondence: Setalia Popa, ; Vasile Valeriu Lupu,
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
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Nissenkorn A, Yosovich K, Leibovitz Z, Hartman TG, Zelcer I, Hugirat M, Lev D, Lerman-Sagie T, Blumkin L. Congenital Mirror Movements Associated With Brain Malformations. J Child Neurol 2021; 36:545-555. [PMID: 33413009 DOI: 10.1177/0883073820984068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital mirror movements are involuntary movements of a side of the body imitating intentional movements on the opposite side, appearing in early childhood and persisting beyond 7 years of age. Congenital mirror movements are usually idiopathic but have been reported in association with various brain malformations. METHODS We describe clinical, genetic, and radiologic features in 9 individuals from 5 families manifesting congenital mirror movements. RESULTS The brain malformations associated with congenital mirror movements were: dysplastic corpus callosum in father and daughter with a heterozygous p.Met1* mutation in DCC; hypoplastic corpus callosum, dysgyria, and malformed vermis in a mother and son with a heterozygous p.Thr312Met mutation in TUBB3; dysplastic corpus callosum, dysgyria, abnormal vermis, and asymmetric ventricles in a father and 2 daughters with a heterozygous p.Arg121Trp mutation in TUBB; hypoplastic corpus callosum, dysgyria, malformed basal ganglia and abnormal vermis in a patient with a heterozygous p.Glu155Asp mutation in TUBA1A; hydrocephalus, hypoplastic corpus callosum, polymicrogyria, and cerebellar cysts in a patient with a homozygous p.Pro312Leu mutation in POMGNT1. CONCLUSION DCC, TUBB3, TUBB, TUBA1A, POMGNT1 cause abnormal axonal guidance via different mechanisms and result in congenital mirror movements associated with brain malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Nissenkorn
- Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Pediatric Neurology Unit, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren Yosovich
- Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Molecular Genetics Laboratory, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Zvi Leibovitz
- Fetal Neurology Clinic, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Tamar Gur Hartman
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Pediatric Movement Disorders Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Itay Zelcer
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, 61172HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Mohammad Hugirat
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, 61172HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Dorit Lev
- Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Rina Mor Institute of Medical Genetics, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Tally Lerman-Sagie
- Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Pediatric Neurology Unit, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Fetal Neurology Clinic, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Lubov Blumkin
- Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Pediatric Neurology Unit, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Movement Disorders Service, 58883Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
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Thams S, Islam M, Lindefeldt M, Nordgren A, Granberg T, Tesi B, Barbany G, Nilsson D, Paucar M. Heterozygous variants in DCC: Beyond congenital mirror movements. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2020; 6:e526. [PMID: 33209984 PMCID: PMC7670573 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To perform a comprehensive characterization of a cohort of patients with congenital mirror movements (CMMs) in Sweden. Methods Clinical examination with the Woods and Teuber scale for mirror movements (MMs), neuroimaging, navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS), and massive parallel sequencing (MPS) were applied. Results The cohort is ethnically diverse and includes a total of 7 patients distributed in 2 families and 2 sporadic cases. The degree of MMs was variable in this cohort. MPS revealed 2 novel heterozygous frameshift variants in DCC netrin 1 receptor (DCC). Two siblings harboring the pathogenic variant in c.1466_1476del display a complex syndrome featuring MMs and in 1 case receptive-expressive language disorder, chorea, epilepsy, and agenesis of the corpus callosum. The second DCC variant, c.1729delG, was associated with a typical benign CMM phenotype. No variants in DCC, NTN1, RAD51, or DNAL4 were found for the 2 sporadic CMM cases. However, one of these sporadic cases had concomitant high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and a homozygous variant in ERCC excision repair like 2 (ERCC6L2). Reorganized corticospinal projection patterns to upper extremities were demonstrated with nTMS. Conclusions The presence of chorea expands the clinical spectrum of syndromes associated with variants in DCC. Biallelic pathogenic variants in ERCC6L2 cause bone marrow failure, but a potential association with CMM remains to be studied in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Thams
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mominul Islam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Lindefeldt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Granberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bianca Tesi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gisela Barbany
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Paucar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (S.T., T.G., M.P.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (S.T., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Neurophysiology (M.I.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.L.), Astrid Lindgren's Hospital; Department of Clinical Genetics (A.N., B.T., G.B.), Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.N., B.T., G.B., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet; and Department of Neuroradiology (T.G.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Accogli A, Calabretta S, St-Onge J, Boudrahem-Addour N, Dionne-Laporte A, Joset P, Azzarello-Burri S, Rauch A, Krier J, Fieg E, Pallais JC, McConkie-Rosell A, McDonald M, Freedman SF, Rivière JB, Lafond-Lapalme J, Simpson BN, Hopkin RJ, Trimouille A, Van-Gils J, Begtrup A, McWalter K, Delphine H, Keren B, Genevieve D, Argilli E, Sherr EH, Severino M, Rouleau GA, Yam PT, Charron F, Srour M. De Novo Pathogenic Variants in N-cadherin Cause a Syndromic Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Corpus Collosum, Axon, Cardiac, Ocular, and Genital Defects. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:854-868. [PMID: 31585109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherins constitute a family of transmembrane proteins that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion. The extracellular domain of cadherins consists of extracellular cadherin (EC) domains, separated by calcium binding sites. The EC interacts with other cadherin molecules in cis and in trans to mechanically hold apposing cell surfaces together. CDH2 encodes N-cadherin, whose essential roles in neural development include neuronal migration and axon pathfinding. However, CDH2 has not yet been linked to a Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorder. Here, we report de novo heterozygous pathogenic variants (seven missense, two frameshift) in CDH2 in nine individuals with a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay and/or intellectual disability, variable axon pathfinding defects (corpus callosum agenesis or hypoplasia, mirror movements, Duane anomaly), and ocular, cardiac, and genital anomalies. All seven missense variants (c.1057G>A [p.Asp353Asn]; c.1789G>A [p.Asp597Asn]; c.1789G>T [p.Asp597Tyr]; c.1802A>C [p.Asn601Thr]; c.1839C>G [p.Cys613Trp]; c.1880A>G [p.Asp627Gly]; c.2027A>G [p.Tyr676Cys]) result in substitution of highly conserved residues, and six of seven cluster within EC domains 4 and 5. Four of the substitutions affect the calcium-binding site in the EC4-EC5 interdomain. We show that cells expressing these variants in the EC4-EC5 domains have a defect in cell-cell adhesion; this defect includes impaired binding in trans with N-cadherin-WT expressed on apposing cells. The two frameshift variants (c.2563_2564delCT [p.Leu855Valfs∗4]; c.2564_2567dupTGTT [p.Leu856Phefs∗5]) are predicted to lead to a truncated cytoplasmic domain. Our study demonstrates that de novo heterozygous variants in CDH2 impair the adhesive activity of N-cadherin, resulting in a multisystemic developmental disorder, that could be named ACOG syndrome (agenesis of corpus callosum, axon pathfinding, cardiac, ocular, and genital defects).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Accogli
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada; Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Reabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili, Università degli Studi di Genova, 16132 Genova Italy
| | - Sara Calabretta
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute, H2W 1R7 Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Judith St-Onge
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Pascal Joset
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Joel Krier
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Allyn McConkie-Rosell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Sharon F Freedman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Joël Lafond-Lapalme
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brittany N Simpson
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Aurélien Trimouille
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Inserm U1211, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Van-Gils
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Inserm U1211, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Heron Delphine
- Département de Génétique, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris
| | - David Genevieve
- Département de Genetique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement, Université Montpellier, Unité Inserm U1183, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Emanuela Argilli
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Weill Institute of Neuroscience and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, CA 94143 San Francisco
| | - Elliott H Sherr
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Weill Institute of Neuroscience and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, CA 94143 San Francisco
| | - Mariasavina Severino
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, H3A 2B4, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patricia T Yam
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute, H2W 1R7 Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Charron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute, H2W 1R7 Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, H3C 3J7, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Myriam Srour
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University Health Center Research Institute, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, H3A 2B4, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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10
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Lin JH, Tang XY, Boulling A, Zou WB, Masson E, Fichou Y, Raud L, Le Tertre M, Deng SJ, Berlivet I, Ka C, Mort M, Hayden M, Leman R, Houdayer C, Le Gac G, Cooper DN, Li ZS, Férec C, Liao Z, Chen JM. First estimate of the scale of canonical 5' splice site GT>GC variants capable of generating wild-type transcripts. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:1856-1873. [PMID: 31131953 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has long been known that canonical 5' splice site (5'SS) GT>GC variants may be compatible with normal splicing. However, to date, the actual scale of canonical 5'SSs capable of generating wild-type transcripts in the case of GT>GC substitutions remains unknown. Herein, combining data derived from a meta-analysis of 45 human disease-causing 5'SS GT>GC variants and a cell culture-based full-length gene splicing assay of 103 5'SS GT>GC substitutions, we estimate that ~15-18% of canonical GT 5'SSs retain their capacity to generate between 1% and 84% normal transcripts when GT is substituted by GC. We further demonstrate that the canonical 5'SSs in which substitution of GT by GC-generated normal transcripts exhibit stronger complementarity to the 5' end of U1 snRNA than those sites whose substitutions of GT by GC did not lead to the generation of normal transcripts. We also observed a correlation between the generation of wild-type transcripts and a milder than expected clinical phenotype but found that none of the available splicing prediction tools were capable of reliably distinguishing 5'SS GT>GC variants that generated wild-type transcripts from those that did not. Our findings imply that 5'SS GT>GC variants in human disease genes may not invariably be pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Huan Lin
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Ying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Arnaud Boulling
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Emmanuelle Masson
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France.,CHU Brest, Service de Génétique, Brest, France
| | - Yann Fichou
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Loann Raud
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France
| | | | - Shun-Jiang Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chandran Ka
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France.,CHU Brest, Service de Génétique, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Matthew Mort
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hayden
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Leman
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique du Cancer, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.,Department of Genetics, F76000 and Normandy University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Department of Genetics, F76000 and Normandy University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Gerald Le Gac
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France.,CHU Brest, Service de Génétique, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - David N Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Claude Férec
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- EFS, Univ Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France
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11
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Bierhals T, Korenke GC, Baethmann M, Marín LL, Staudt M, Kutsche K. Novel DCC variants in congenital mirror movements and evaluation of disease-associated missense variants. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:329-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Méneret A, Franz EA, Trouillard O, Oliver TC, Zagar Y, Robertson SP, Welniarz Q, Gardner RJM, Gallea C, Srour M, Depienne C, Jasoni CL, Dubacq C, Riant F, Lamy JC, Morel MP, Guérois R, Andreani J, Fouquet C, Doulazmi M, Vidailhet M, Rouleau GA, Brice A, Chédotal A, Dusart I, Roze E, Markie D. Mutations in the netrin-1 gene cause congenital mirror movements. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:3923-3936. [PMID: 28945198 DOI: 10.1172/jci95442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Netrin-1 is a secreted protein that was first identified 20 years ago as an axon guidance molecule that regulates midline crossing in the CNS. It plays critical roles in various tissues throughout development and is implicated in tumorigenesis and inflammation in adulthood. Despite extensive studies, no inherited human disease has been directly associated with mutations in NTN1, the gene coding for netrin-1. Here, we have identified 3 mutations in exon 7 of NTN1 in 2 unrelated families and 1 sporadic case with isolated congenital mirror movements (CMM), a disorder characterized by involuntary movements of one hand that mirror intentional movements of the opposite hand. Given the diverse roles of netrin-1, the absence of manifestations other than CMM in NTN1 mutation carriers was unexpected. Using multimodal approaches, we discovered that the anatomy of the corticospinal tract (CST) is abnormal in patients with NTN1-mutant CMM. When expressed in HEK293 or stable HeLa cells, the 3 mutated netrin-1 proteins were almost exclusively detected in the intracellular compartment, contrary to WT netrin-1, which is detected in both intracellular and extracellular compartments. Since netrin-1 is a diffusible extracellular cue, the pathophysiology likely involves its loss of function and subsequent disruption of axon guidance, resulting in abnormal decussation of the CST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Méneret
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth A Franz
- Department of Psychology and fMRIotago, , University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Oriane Trouillard
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Thomas C Oliver
- Pathology Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yvrick Zagar
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Stephen P Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Quentin Welniarz
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - R J MacKinlay Gardner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Cécile Gallea
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Myriam Srour
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and.,Department of Paediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christel Depienne
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Laboratoires de génétique, Institut de génétique médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christine L Jasoni
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Dubacq
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Florence Riant
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Laboratoire de Génétique, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR S740, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Lamy
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Morel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Guérois
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jessica Andreani
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Coralie Fouquet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Doulazmi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Paris, France
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Alain Chédotal
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Dusart
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S1127, CIC-1422, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Paris, France
| | - David Markie
- Pathology Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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13
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Franz EA, Fu Y. Pre-movement planning processes in people with congenital mirror movements. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:1985-1993. [PMID: 28829982 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.07.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pre-movement processes were investigated in people with Congenital mirrormovement (CMM), a rare disorder in which bilateral movement (mirroring) occurs in the upper distal extremities (primarily the hands and fingers) during intended unilateral movements. Abnormal density of ipsilateral corticospinal projections is an established hallmark of CMM. This study tested whether the Lateralised Readiness Potential (LRP), which reflects movement planning and readiness, is also abnormal in people with CMM. METHODS Twenty-eight neurologically-normal controls and 8 people with CMM were tested on a unimanual Go/No-go task while electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded to assess the LRP. RESULTS No significant group differences were found in reaction time (RT). However, significantly smaller LRP amplitudes were found, on average, in the CMM group compared to Controls at central-motor (C3,C4) sites in stimulus-locked and response-locked epochs; similar group differences were also found at further frontal sites (F3,F4) during response-locked epochs. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal brain activity in pre-movement processes associated with response planning and preparation is present in people with CMM. SIGNIFICANCE Aberrant bilateral activity during pre-movement processes is clearly implicated; whether part of the etiology of CMM, or as a mechanism of neuro-compensation, is not yet known.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Franz
- Action Brain and Cognition Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand.
| | - Y Fu
- Action Brain and Cognition Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand
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14
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Abstract
Hypertension tends to perpetuate in families and the heritability of hypertension is estimated to be around 20-60%. So far, the main proportion of this heritability has not been found by single-locus genome-wide association studies. Therefore, the current study explored gene-gene interactions that have the potential to partially fill in the missing heritability. A two-stage discovery-confirmatory analysis was carried out in the Framingham Heart Study cohorts. The first stage was an exhaustive pairwise search performed in 2320 early-onset hypertensive cases with matched normotensive controls from the offspring cohort. Then, identified gene-gene interactions were assessed in an independent set of 694 subjects from the original cohort. Four unique gene-gene interactions were found to be related to hypertension. Three detected genes were recognized by previous studies, and the other 5 loci/genes (MAN1A1, LMO3, NPAP1/SNRPN, DNAL4, and RNA5SP455/KRT8P5) were novel findings, which had no strong main effect on hypertension and could not be easily identified by single-locus genome-wide studies. Also, by including the identified gene-gene interactions, more variance was explained in hypertension. Overall, our study provides evidence that the genome-wide gene-gene interaction analysis has the possibility to identify new susceptibility genes, which can provide more insights into the genetic background of blood pressure regulation.
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15
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Congenital Mirror Movements in a 7-Year-Old Boy. Pediatr Neurol 2015; 53:543-4. [PMID: 26428600 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Fluid shear triggers microvilli formation via mechanosensitive activation of TRPV6. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8871. [PMID: 26563429 PMCID: PMC4660203 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvilli are cellular membrane protrusions present on differentiated epithelial cells, which can sense and interact with the surrounding fluid environment. Biochemical and genetic approaches have identified a set of factors involved in microvilli formation; however, the underlying extrinsic regulatory mechanism of microvilli formation remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that fluid shear stress (FSS), an external mechanical cue, serves as a trigger for microvilli formation in human placental trophoblastic cells. We further reveal that the transient receptor potential, vanilloid family type-6 (TRPV6) calcium ion channel plays a critical role in flow-induced Ca2+ influx and microvilli formation. TRPV6 regulates phosphorylation of Ezrin via a Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation of Akt; this molecular event is necessary for microvillar localization of Ezrin in response to FSS. Our findings provide molecular insight into the microvilli-mediated mechanoresponsive cellular functions, such as epithelial absorption, signal perception and mechanotransduction. Microvilli on epithelial cells can sense the surrounding fluid environment, but the regulatory mechanism behind their formation is mostly unknown. Here Miura et al. show that fluid shear stress serves as a trigger for microvilli formation via activation of the calcium ion channel TRPV6.
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17
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Welniarz Q, Dusart I, Gallea C, Roze E. One hand clapping: lateralization of motor control. Front Neuroanat 2015; 9:75. [PMID: 26082690 PMCID: PMC4451425 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateralization of motor control refers to the ability to produce pure unilateral or asymmetric movements. It is required for a variety of coordinated activities, including skilled bimanual tasks and locomotion. Here we discuss the neuroanatomical substrates and pathophysiological underpinnings of lateralized motor outputs. Significant breakthroughs have been made in the past few years by studying the two known conditions characterized by the inability to properly produce unilateral or asymmetric movements, namely human patients with congenital “mirror movements” and model rodents with a “hopping gait”. Whereas mirror movements are associated with altered interhemispheric connectivity and abnormal corticospinal projections, abnormal spinal cord interneurons trajectory is responsible for the “hopping gait”. Proper commissural axon guidance is a critical requirement for these mechanisms. Interestingly, the analysis of these two conditions reveals that the production of asymmetric movements involves similar anatomical and functional requirements but in two different structures: (i) lateralized activation of the brain or spinal cord through contralateral silencing by cross-midline inhibition; and (ii) unilateral transmission of this activation, resulting in lateralized motor output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Welniarz
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UM119 Paris, France ; Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Dusart
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UM119 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Gallea
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM Paris, France ; Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière Paris, France
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18
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Congenital mirror movements: Phenotypes associated with DCC and RAD51 mutations. J Neurol Sci 2015; 351:140-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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19
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Congenital mirror movements: no mutation in DNAL4 in 17 index cases. J Neurol 2014; 261:2030-1. [PMID: 25236653 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-014-7505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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