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Lale Ataei M, Karimipour M, Shahabi P, Soltani-Zangbar H, Pashaiasl M. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Improved Functional Outcomes Following Spinal Cord Injury Concomitantly with Neuroblast Regeneration. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:806-816. [PMID: 38022812 PMCID: PMC10676545 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that resulted in irreversible neuronal loss, glial scar formation and axonal injury. Herein, we used the human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (hAF-MSCs) and their conditioned medium (CM), to investigate their ability in neuroblast and astrocyte production as well as functional recovery following SCI. Methods Fifty-four adult rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n=6), included: Control, SCI, (SCI + DMEM), (SCI + CM), (SCI + MSCs), (SCI + Astrocyte), (SCI + Astrocyte + DMEM), (SCI + Astrocyte + CM) and (SCI + Astrocyte + MSCs). Following laminectomy and SCI induction, DMEM, CM, MSCs, and astrocytes were injected. Western blot was performed to explore the levels of the Sox2 protein in the MSCs-CM. The immunofluorescence staining against doublecortin (DCX) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was done. Finally, Basso-Beattie-Brenham (BBB) locomotor test was conducted to assess the neurological outcomes. Results Our results showed that the MSCs increased the number of endogenous DCX-positive cells and decreased the number of GFAP-positive cells by mediating juxtacrine and paracrine mechanisms (P<0.001). Transplanted human astrocytes were converted to neuroblasts rather than astrocytes under influence of MSCs and CM in the SCI. Moreover, functional recovery indexes were promoted in those groups that received MSCs and CM. Conclusion Taken together, our data indicate the MSCs via juxtacrine and paracrine pathways could direct the spinal cord endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) to the neuroblasts lineage which indicates the capability of the MSCs in the increasing of the number of DCX-positive cells and astrocytes decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Lale Ataei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Soltani-Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Gaggi G, Di Credico A, Guarnieri S, Mariggiò MA, Di Baldassarre A, Ghinassi B. Human mesenchymal amniotic fluid stem cells reveal an unexpected neuronal potential differentiating into functional spinal motor neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:936990. [PMID: 35938174 PMCID: PMC9354810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.936990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluids stem cells (hAFSCs) can be easily isolated from the amniotic fluid during routinely scheduled amniocentesis. Unlike hiPSCs or hESC, they are neither tumorigenic nor immunogenic and their use does not rise ethical or safety issues: for these reasons they may represent a good candidate for the regenerative medicine. hAFSCs are generally considered multipotent and committed towards the mesodermal lineages; however, they express many pluripotent markers and share some epigenetic features with hiPSCs. Hence, we hypothesized that hAFSCs may overcome their mesodermal commitment differentiating into to ectodermal lineages. Here we demonstrated that by the sequential exposure to specific factors, hAFSCs can give rise to spinal motor neurons (MNs), as evidenced by the gradual gene and protein upregulation of early and late MN markers (PAX6, ISL1, HB9, NF-L, vAChT). When co-cultured with myotubes, hAFSCs-derived MNs were able to create functional neuromuscular junctions that induced robust skeletal muscle contractions. These data demonstrated the hAFSCs are not restricted to mesodermal commitment and can generate functional MNs thus outlining an ethically acceptable strategy for the study and treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy
- Functional Biotechnologies Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy
- Functional Biotechnologies Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Angela Di Baldassarre,
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
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3
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Liang CC, Shaw SW, Huang YH, Lee TH. Human amniotic fluid stem cells can improve cerebral vascular remodelling and neurological function after focal cerebral ischaemia in diabetic rats. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10185-10196. [PMID: 34622573 PMCID: PMC8572791 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes causes vascular injury and carries a high risk of ischaemic stroke. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) can enhance cerebral vascular remodelling and have the potential to improve neurological function after stroke in diabetic rats. Five groups of female rats were examined: (1) normal control, (2) type 1 diabetic (T1DM) rats induced by streptozotocin injection (DM), (3) non‐DM rats receiving 60‐minute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), (4) T1DM rats receiving 60‐minute MCAO (DM + MCAO) and (5) T1DM rats receiving 60‐minute MCAO and injection with 5 × 106 hAFSCs at 3 h after MCAO (DM + MCAO + hAFSCs). Neurological function was examined before, and at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, and cerebral infarction volume and haemorrhage, cerebral vascular density, angiogenesis and inflammatory were examined at 7 and 28 days after MCAO. hAFSCs treatment caused a significant improvement of neurological dysfunction, infarction volume, blood‐brain barrier leakage, cerebral arterial density, vascular density and angiogenesis and a reduction of brain haemorrhage and inflammation compared with non‐treatment. Our results showed that the effect of hAFSCs treatment against focal cerebral ischaemia may act through the recovery of vascular remodelling and angiogenesis and the reduction of inflammation in ischaemic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chung Liang
- Urogynecology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yung-Hsin Huang
- Urogynecology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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4
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Costa A, Ceresa D, De Palma A, Rossi R, Turturo S, Santamaria S, Balbi C, Villa F, Reverberi D, Cortese K, De Biasio P, Paladini D, Coviello D, Ravera S, Malatesta P, Mauri P, Quarto R, Bollini S. Comprehensive Profiling of Secretome Formulations from Fetal- and Perinatal Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073713. [PMID: 33918297 PMCID: PMC8038201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that c-KIT+ human amniotic-fluid derived stem cells obtained from leftover samples of routine II trimester prenatal diagnosis (fetal hAFS) are endowed with regenerative paracrine potential driving pro-survival, anti-fibrotic and proliferative effects. hAFS may also be isolated from III trimester clinical waste samples during scheduled C-sections (perinatal hAFS), thus offering a more easily accessible alternative when compared to fetal hAFS. Nonetheless, little is known about the paracrine profile of perinatal hAFS. Here we provide a detailed characterization of the hAFS total secretome (i.e., the entirety of soluble paracrine factors released by cells in the conditioned medium, hAFS-CM) and the extracellular vesicles (hAFS-EVs) within it, from II trimester fetal- versus III trimester perinatal cells. Fetal- and perinatal hAFS were characterized and subject to hypoxic preconditioning to enhance their paracrine potential. hAFS-CM and hAFS-EV formulations were analyzed for protein and chemokine/cytokine content, and the EV cargo was further investigated by RNA sequencing. The phenotype of fetal- and perinatal hAFS, along with their corresponding secretome formulations, overlapped; yet, fetal hAFS showed immature oxidative phosphorylation activity when compared to perinatal ones. The profiling of their paracrine cargo revealed some differences according to gestational stage and hypoxic preconditioning. Both cell sources provided formulations enriched with neurotrophic, immunomodulatory, anti-fibrotic and endothelial stimulating factors, and the immature fetal hAFS secretome was defined by a more pronounced pro-vasculogenic, regenerative, pro-resolving and anti-aging profile. Small RNA profiling showed microRNA enrichment in both fetal- and perinatal hAFS-EV cargo, with a stably- expressed pro-resolving core as a reference molecular signature. Here we confirm that hAFS represents an appealing source of regenerative paracrine factors; the selection of either fetal or perinatal hAFS secretome formulations for future paracrine therapy should be evaluated considering the specific clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Costa
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Davide Ceresa
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Antonella De Palma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.D.P.); (R.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Rossana Rossi
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.D.P.); (R.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Sara Turturo
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Sara Santamaria
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.S.); (K.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federico Villa
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Katia Cortese
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.S.); (K.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Pierangela De Biasio
- Prenatal Diagnosis and Perinatal Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Dario Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.S.); (K.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Paolo Malatesta
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.D.P.); (R.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (R.Q.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-5558-257 (S.B.)
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.Q.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-5558-257 (S.B.)
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5
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Casciaro F, Zia S, Forcato M, Zavatti M, Beretti F, Bertucci E, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Alviano F, Bonsi L, Follo MY, Demaria M, Roda B, Maraldi T. Unravelling Heterogeneity of Amplified Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Sub-Populations. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010158. [PMID: 33467440 PMCID: PMC7830644 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) are broadly multipotent immature progenitor cells with high self-renewal and no tumorigenic properties. These cells, even amplified, present very variable morphology, density, intracellular composition and stemness potential, and this heterogeneity can hinder their characterization and potential use in regenerative medicine. Celector® (Stem Sel ltd.) is a new technology that exploits the Non-Equilibrium Earth Gravity Assisted Field Flow Fractionation principles to characterize and label-free sort stem cells based on their solely physical characteristics without any manipulation. Viable cells are collected and used for further studies or direct applications. In order to understand the intrapopulation heterogeneity, various fractions of hAFSCs were isolated using the Celector® profile and live imaging feature. The gene expression profile of each fraction was analysed using whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified significant differential expression in pathways related to Stemness, DNA repair, E2F targets, G2M checkpoint, hypoxia, EM transition, mTORC1 signalling, Unfold Protein Response and p53 signalling. These differences were validated by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and differentiation assays. Interestingly, the different fractions showed distinct and unique stemness properties. These results suggest the existence of deep intra-population differences that can influence the stemness profile of hAFSCs. This study represents a proof-of-concept of the importance of selecting certain cellular fractions with the highest potential to use in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Emma Bertucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Matilde Yung Follo
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-9450
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
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6
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Silini AR, Di Pietro R, Lang-Olip I, Alviano F, Banerjee A, Basile M, Borutinskaite V, Eissner G, Gellhaus A, Giebel B, Huang YC, Janev A, Kreft ME, Kupper N, Abadía-Molina AC, Olivares EG, Pandolfi A, Papait A, Pozzobon M, Ruiz-Ruiz C, Soritau O, Susman S, Szukiewicz D, Weidinger A, Wolbank S, Huppertz B, Parolini O. Perinatal Derivatives: Where Do We Stand? A Roadmap of the Human Placenta and Consensus for Tissue and Cell Nomenclature. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:610544. [PMID: 33392174 PMCID: PMC7773933 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.610544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in the understanding of the biology of perinatal tissues has contributed to the breakthrough revelation of the therapeutic effects of perinatal derivatives (PnD), namely birth-associated tissues, cells, and secreted factors. The significant knowledge acquired in the past two decades, along with the increasing interest in perinatal derivatives, fuels an urgent need for the precise identification of PnD and the establishment of updated consensus criteria policies for their characterization. The aim of this review is not to go into detail on preclinical or clinical trials, but rather we address specific issues that are relevant for the definition/characterization of perinatal cells, starting from an understanding of the development of the human placenta, its structure, and the different cell populations that can be isolated from the different perinatal tissues. We describe where the cells are located within the placenta and their cell morphology and phenotype. We also propose nomenclature for the cell populations and derivatives discussed herein. This review is a joint effort from the COST SPRINT Action (CA17116), which broadly aims at approaching consensus for different aspects of PnD research, such as providing inputs for future standards for the processing and in vitro characterization and clinical application of PnD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, G. d’Annunzio Foundation, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ingrid Lang-Olip
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Asmita Banerjee
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariangela Basile
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, G. d’Annunzio Foundation, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Veronika Borutinskaite
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Günther Eissner
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yong-Can Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aleksandar Janev
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nadja Kupper
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Clara Abadía-Molina
- Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique G. Olivares
- Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Laboratorios, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- StemTeCh Group, G. d’Annunzio Foundation, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Vascular and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, ex CeSI-MeT), Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Papait
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Carmen Ruiz-Ruiz
- Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Soritau
- The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sergiu Susman
- Department of Morphological Sciences-Histology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Pathology, IMOGEN Research Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adelheid Weidinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Berthold Huppertz
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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7
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Insights on the Human Amniotic Membrane in Clinical Practice with a Focus on the New Applications in Retinal Surgery. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-020-00190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lay SummaryRecently, the use of the human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been extended to treat retinal disorders such as refractory macular holes, retinal breaks and dry and wet age-related macular degeneration. Not only the hAM has proved to be an excellent tool for repairing retinal tissue, but it has also shown a promising regeneration potential. This review aims to highlight the novel use of the hAM in treating retinal diseases. Although the hAM has been used in the ocular anterior segment reconstruction for more than 60 years, in the last 2 years, we have found in literature articles showing the use of the hAM in the retinal surgery field with interesting results in terms of tissue healing and photoreceptor regeneration.
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Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease: In Vitro Therapeutic Effect of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Extracellular Vesicles. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2785343. [PMID: 33193997 PMCID: PMC7641262 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2785343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by abnormal protein aggregation, deposition of extracellular β-amyloid proteins (Aβ), besides an increase of oxidative stress. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) should have a therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders, mainly through a paracrine effect mediated by extracellular vesicles (EV). Here, we examined the effect of EV derived from human AFSCs (AFSC-EV) on the disease phenotypes in an AD neuron primary culture. We observed a positive effect of AFSC-EV on neuron morphology, viability, and Aβ and phospho-Tau levels. This could be due to the apoptotic and autophagic pathway modulation derived from the decrease in oxidative stress. Indeed, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were reduced, while GSH levels were enhanced. This modulation could be ascribed to the presence of ROS regulating enzymes, such as SOD1 present into the AFSC-EV themselves. This study describes the ROS-modulating effects of extracellular vesicles alone, apart from their deriving stem cell, in an AD in vitro model, proposing AFSC-EV as a therapeutic tool to stop the progression of AD.
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9
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Michalik M, Gładyś A, Czekaj P. Differentiation of Cells Isolated from Afterbirth Tissues into Hepatocyte-Like Cells and Their Potential Clinical Application in Liver Regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:581-603. [PMID: 32974851 PMCID: PMC8036182 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Toxic, viral and surgical injuries can pose medical indications for liver transplantation. The number of patients waiting for a liver transplant still increases, but the number of organ donors is insufficient. Hepatocyte transplantation was suggested as a promising alternative to liver transplantation, however, this method has some significant limitations. Currently, afterbirth tissues seem to be an interesting source of cells for the regenerative medicine, because of their unique biological and immunological properties. It has been proven in experimental animal models, that the native stem cells, and to a greater extent, hepatocyte-like cells derived from them and transplanted, can accelerate regenerative processes and restore organ functioning. The effective protocol for obtaining functional mature hepatocytes in vitro is still not defined, but some studies resulted in obtaining functionally active hepatocyte-like cells. In this review, we focused on human stem cells isolated from placenta and umbilical cord, as potent precursors of hepatocyte-like cells for regenerative medicine. We summarized the results of preclinical and clinical studies dealing with the introduction of epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells of the afterbirth origin to the liver failure therapy. It was concluded that the use of native afterbirth epithelial and mesenchymal cells in the treatment of liver failure could support liver function and regeneration. This effect would be enhanced by the use of hepatocyte-like cells obtained from placental and/or umbilical stem cells. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Michalik
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gładyś
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
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10
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Gaggi G, Di Credico A, Izzicupo P, Alviano F, Di Mauro M, Di Baldassarre A, Ghinassi B. Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Unveil an Unexpected Differentiation Potential toward the Dopaminergic Neuronal Lineage. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186589. [PMID: 32916865 PMCID: PMC7555006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons represents the cause of many neurodegenerative diseases, with increasing incidence worldwide. The replacement of dead cells with new healthy ones may represent an appealing therapeutic approach to these pathologies, but currently, only pluripotent stem cells can generate dopaminergic neurons with high efficiency. However, with the use of these cells arises safety and/or ethical issues. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hFM-MSCs) are perinatal stem cells that can be easily isolated from the amniochorionic membrane after delivery. Generally considered multipotent, their real differentiative potential is not completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze their stemness characteristics and to evaluate whether they may overcome their mesenchymal fate, generating dopaminergic neurons. We demonstrated that hFM-MSCs expressed embryonal genes OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, OVOL1, and ESG1, suggesting they have some features of pluripotency. Moreover, hFM-MSCs that underwent a dopaminergic differentiation protocol gradually increased the transcription of dopaminergic markers LMX1b, NURR1, PITX3, and DAT. We finally obtained a homogeneous population of cells resembling the morphology of primary midbrain dopaminergic neurons that expressed the functional dopaminergic markers TH, DAT, and Nurr1. In conclusion, our results suggested that hFM-MSCs retain the expression of pluripotency genes and are able to differentiate not only into mesodermal cells, but also into neuroectodermal dopaminergic neuron-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggi
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.G.); (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.G.); (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.G.); (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embriology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Michele Di Mauro
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Unit, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), 6202 Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.G.); (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.G.); (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
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11
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Liang CC, Shaw SWS, Ko YS, Huang YH, Lee TH. Effect of amniotic fluid stem cell transplantation on the recovery of bladder dysfunction in spinal cord-injured rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10030. [PMID: 32572272 PMCID: PMC7308393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of human amniotic fluid stem cell (hAFSC) transplantation on bladder function and molecular changes in spinal cord-injured (SCI) rats were investigated. Four groups were studied: sham and SCI plus phosphate-buffered saline (SCI + PBS), human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells, and hAFSCs transplantation. In SCI + PBS rat bladders, cystometry showed increased peak voiding pressure, voiding volume, bladder capacity, residual volume, and number of non-voiding contractions, and the total elastin/collagen amount was increased but collagen concentration was decreased at days 7 and 28. Immunoreactivity and mRNA levels of IGF-1, TGF-β1, and β3-adrenoceptor were increased at days 7 and/or 28. M2 immunoreactivity and M3 mRNA levels of muscarinic receptor were increased at day 7. M2 immunoreactivity was increased, but M2/M3 mRNA and M3 immunoreactivity levels were decreased at day 28. Brain derived-neurotrophic factor mRNA was increased, but immunoreactivity was decreased at day 7. HEK293 cell transplantation caused no difference compared to SCI + PBS group. hAFSCs co-localized with neural cell markers and expressed BDNF, TGF-β1, GFAP, and IL-6. The present results showed that SCI bladders released IGF-1 and TGF-β1 to stimulate elastin and collagen for bladder wall remodelling, and hAFSC transplantation improved these changes, which involved the mechanisms of BDNF, muscarinic receptors, and β3-adrenoceptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chung Liang
- Female Urology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wen Steven Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yu-Shien Ko
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,The First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsin Huang
- Female Urology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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12
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Angeloni C, Gatti M, Prata C, Hrelia S, Maraldi T. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress-Related Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093299. [PMID: 32392722 PMCID: PMC7246730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases include a variety of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and so forth, which share many common characteristics such as oxidative stress, glycation, abnormal protein deposition, inflammation, and progressive neuronal loss. The last century has witnessed significant research to identify mechanisms and risk factors contributing to the complex etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as genetic, vascular/metabolic, and lifestyle-related factors, which often co-occur and interact with each other. Apart from several environmental or genetic factors, in recent years, much evidence hints that impairment in redox homeostasis is a common mechanism in different neurological diseases. However, from a pharmacological perspective, oxidative stress is a difficult target, and antioxidants, the only strategy used so far, have been ineffective or even provoked side effects. In this review, we report an analysis of the recent literature on the role of oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, retinal ganglion cells, and ataxia. Moreover, the contribution of stem cells has been widely explored, looking at their potential in neuronal differentiation and reporting findings on their application in fighting oxidative stress in different neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the exposure to mesenchymal stem cells or their secretome can be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance antioxidant capacity and neurotrophin expression while inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, which are common aspects of neurodegenerative pathologies. Further studies are needed to identify a tailored approach for each neurodegenerative disease in order to design more effective stem cell therapeutic strategies to prevent a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Angeloni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Martina Gatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (M.G.); (T.M.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (M.G.); (T.M.)
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13
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Zavatti M, Beretti F, Casciaro F, Bertucci E, Maraldi T. Comparison of the therapeutic effect of amniotic fluid stem cells and their exosomes on monoiodoacetate-induced animal model of osteoarthritis. Biofactors 2020; 46:106-117. [PMID: 31625201 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cartilage tissue engineering associated with stem cell-related therapies is becoming very interesting since adult articular cartilage has limited intrinsic capacity for regeneration upon injury. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) have been shown to produce exosomes with growth factors and immunomodulating molecules that could stop tissue degradation and induce cartilage repair. Based on this state of the art, the main aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of the secreted exosomes, compared to their AFSC source, in MIA-induced animal model of osteoarthritis mimicking a chronic and degenerative process, where inflammation is also involved and lead to irreversible joint damage. Exosomes, obtained by the use of a commercial kit, prior to the injection in animal knee joints, were characterized for the presence of typical markers and HGF, TGFβ, and IDO. Then, analyses were performed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and behavioral scoring up to 3 weeks after the treatment. Exosome-treated defects showed enhanced pain tolerance level and improved histological scores than the AFSC-treated defects. Indeed by 3 weeks, TGFβ-rich exosome samples induced an almost complete restoration of cartilage with good surface regularity and with the characteristic of hyaline cartilage. Moreover, cells positive for resolving macrophage marker were more easily detectable into exosome-treated joints. Therefore, a modulating role for exosomes on macrophage polarization is conceivable, as demonstrated also by experiments performed on THP1 macrophages. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the efficacy of human AFSC exosomes in counteract cartilage damage, showing a positive correlation with their TGFβ content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emma Bertucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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14
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Gaggi G, Izzicupo P, Di Credico A, Sancilio S, Di Baldassarre A, Ghinassi B. Spare Parts from Discarded Materials: Fetal Annexes in Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071573. [PMID: 30934825 PMCID: PMC6479500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main aims in regenerative medicine is to find stem cells that are easy to obtain and are safe and efficient in either an autologous or allogenic host when transplanted. This review provides an overview of the potential use of the fetal annexes in regenerative medicine: we described the formation of the annexes, their immunological features, the new advances in the phenotypical characterization of fetal annexes-derived stem cells, the progressions obtained in the analysis of both their differentiative potential and their secretoma, and finally, the potential use of decellularized fetal membranes. Normally discarded as medical waste, the umbilical cord and perinatal tissue not only represent a rich source of stem cells but can also be used as a scaffold for regenerative medicine, providing a suitable environment for the growth and differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Silvia Sancilio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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15
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Gasiūnienė M, Zentelytė A, Treigytė G, Baronaitė S, Savickienė J, Utkus A, Navakauskienė R. Epigenetic alterations in amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells derived from normal and fetus-affected gestations: A focus on myogenic and neural differentiations. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:299-312. [PMID: 30635962 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) are autologous to the fetus and represent a potential alternative source for the regenerative medicine and treatment of perinatal disorders. To date, AF-MSCs differentiation capacity to non-mesodermal lineages and epigenetic regulation are still poorly characterized. The present study investigated the differentiation potential of AF-MSCs toward neural-like cells in comparison to the mesodermal myogenic lineage and assessed epigenetic factors involved in tissue-specific differentiation. Myogenic and neural differentiation assays were performed by the incubation with specific induction media. Typical MSCs markers were determined by flow cytometry, the expression of lineage-specific genes, microRNAs and chromatin modifying proteins were examined by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. AF-MSCs of normal and fetus-affected gestations had similar stem cells characteristics and two-lineage potential, as characterized by cell morphology and the expression of myogenic and neural markers. Two-lineage differentiation process was associated with the down-regulation of miR-17 and miR-21, the up-regulation of miR-34a, miR-146a and DNMT3a/DNMT3b along with the gradual decrease in the levels of DNMT1, HDAC1, active marks of chromatin (H4hyperAc, H3K9ac, H3K4me3) and the repressive H3K9me3 mark. Differentiation was accompanied by the down-regulation of PRC1/2 proteins (BMI1/SUZ12, EZH2) and the retention of the repressive H3K27me3 mark. We report that both AF-MSCs of normal and fetus-affected gestations possess differentiation capacity toward myogenic and neural lineages through rather similar epigenetic mechanisms that may provide potential applications for further investigation of the molecular basis of prenatal diseases and for the future autologous therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gasiūnienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Aistė Zentelytė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Gražina Treigytė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Baronaitė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Savickienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Ciurlionio st. 21, Vilnius, LT-03101, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
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16
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Abstract
KIT is a receptor tyrosine kinase that after binding to its ligand stem cell factor activates signaling cascades linked to biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration and cell survival. Based on studies performed on SCF and/or KIT mutant animals that presented anemia, sterility, and/or pigmentation disorders, KIT signaling was mainly considered to be involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis, gametogenesis, and melanogenesis. More recently, novel animal models and ameliorated cellular and molecular techniques have led to the discovery of a widen repertoire of tissue compartments and functions that are being modulated by KIT. This is the case for the lung, heart, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, kidney, liver, and bone. For this reason, the tyrosine kinase inhibitors that were originally developed for the treatment of hemato-oncological diseases are being currently investigated for the treatment of non-oncological disorders such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and alzheimer's disease, among others. The beneficial effects of some of these tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been proven to depend on KIT inhibition. This review will focus on KIT expression and regulation in healthy and pathologic conditions other than cancer. Moreover, advances in the development of anti-KIT therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and their application will be discussed.
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17
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Beretti F, Zavatti M, Casciaro F, Comitini G, Franchi F, Barbieri V, La Sala GB, Maraldi T. Amniotic fluid stem cell exosomes: Therapeutic perspective. Biofactors 2018; 44:158-167. [PMID: 29341292 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the therapeutic potential of stem cells can be largely mediated by paracrine factors, also included into exosomes. Thus, stem cell-derived exosomes represent a major therapeutic option in regenerative medicine avoiding, if compared to stem cells graft, abnormal differentiation and tumor formation. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) induce damaged tissue repair, and can also exert immunomodulatory effects on the differentiation, activation and function of different lymphocytes. Therefore, MSC exosomes can be considered as a potential treatment for inflammatory diseases and also an ideal candidate for allogeneic therapy due to their low immunogenicity. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) are broadly multipotent, can be expanded in culture, and can be easily cryopreserved in cellular banks. In this study, morphology, phenotype, and protein content of exosomes released into amniotic fluid in vivo and from AFSC during in vitro culture (conditioned medium) were examined. We found that AFSC-derived exosomes present different molecules than amniotic fluid ones, some of them involved in immunomodulation, such transforming growth factor beta and hepatic growth factors. The immunomodulatory effect of AFSC's exosomes on peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin was compared to that of the supernatant produced by such conditioned media deprived of exosomes. We present evidence that the principal effect of AFSC conditioned media (without exosomes) is the induction of apoptosis in lymphocytes, whereas exposure to AFSC-derived exosomes decreases the lymphocyte's proliferation, supporting the hypothesis that the entire secretome of stem cells differently affects immune-response. © 2017 BioFactors, 44(2):158-167, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comitini
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Franchi
- Genetic Laboratory, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Barbieri
- Genetic Laboratory, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni B La Sala
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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18
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Eve DJ, Sanberg PR, Buzanska L, Sarnowska A, Domanska-Janik K. Human Somatic Stem Cell Neural Differentiation Potential. Results Probl Cell Differ 2018; 66:21-87. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93485-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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19
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Methotrexate and Valproic Acid Affect Early Neurogenesis of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells from Myelomeningocele. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:6101609. [PMID: 29056972 PMCID: PMC5615990 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a severe type of neural tube defect (NTD), in which the backbone and spinal canal do not close completely during early embryonic development. This condition results in serious morbidity and increased mortality after birth. Folic acid significantly reduces, and conversely, folate antagonist methotrexate (MTX) and valproic acid (VPA) increase the occurrence of NTDs, including MMC. How these pharmacological agents exactly influence the early neurulation process is still largely unclear. Here, we characterized human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) from prenatally diagnosed MMC and observed an effect of MTX and VPA administration on the early neural differentiation process. We found that MMC-derived AFSCs highly expressed early neural and radial glial genes that were negatively affected by MTX and VPA exposure. In conclusion, we setup a human cell model of MMC to study early neurogenesis and for drug screening purposes. We also proposed the detection of early neural gene expression in AFSCs as an additional MMC diagnostic tool.
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20
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Antonucci I, Crowley MG, Stuppia L. Amniotic fluid stem cell models: A tool for filling the gaps in knowledge for human genetic diseases. Brain Circ 2017; 3:167-174. [PMID: 30276320 PMCID: PMC6057697 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_23_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have attracted attention in recent years as a model of human genetic diseases. Starting from the diseased somatic cells isolated from an affected patient, iPS cells can be created and subsequently differentiated into various cell types that can be used to gain a better understanding of the disease at a cellular and molecular level. There are limitations of iPS cell generation, however, due to low efficiency, high costs, and lengthy protocols. The use of amniotic fluid stem cells (AFS) presents a worthy alternative as a stem cell source for modeling of human genetic diseases. Prenatal identification of chromosomal or Mendelian diseases may require the collection of amniotic fluid which is not only useful for the sake of diagnosis but also from this, AFS cells can be isolated and cultured. Since AFS cells show some characteristics of pluripotency, having the capacity to differentiate into various cell types derived from all three germ layers in vitro, they are a well-suited model for investigations regarding alterations in the molecular biology of a cell due to a specific genetic disease. This readily accessible source of stem cells can replace the necessity for generating iPS cells. Here, we expand on the applicability and importance of AFS cells as a model for discovery in the field of human genetic disease research. This paper is a review article. Referred literature in this paper has been listed in the references section. The data sets supporting the conclusions of this article are available online by searching various databases, including PubMed. Some original points in this article come from the laboratory practice in our research center and the authors’ experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Antonucci
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marci G Crowley
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, 12901, USA
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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Zavatti M, Beretti F, Casciaro F, Comitini G, Franchi F, Barbieri V, Bertoni L, De Pol A, La Sala GB, Maraldi T. Development of a novel method for amniotic fluid stem cell storage. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1002-1012. [PMID: 28571656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Current procedures for collection of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) indicate that cells cultured in a flask for 2 weeks can then be used for research. However, hAFSCs can be retrieved directly from a small amount of amniotic fluid that can be obtained at the time of diagnostic amniocentesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether direct freezing of amniotic fluid cells is able to maintain or improve the potential of a sub-population of stem cells. METHODS We compared the potential of the hAFSCs regarding timing of freezing, cells obtained directly from amniotic fluid aspiration (D samples) and cells cultured in a flask before freezing (C samples). Colony-forming-unit ability, proliferation, morphology, stemness-related marker expression, senescence, apoptosis and differentiation potential of C and D samples were compared. RESULTS hAFSCs isolated from D samples expressed mesenchymal stem cells markers until later passages, had a good proliferation rate and exhibited differentiation capacity similar to hAFSCs of C samples. Interestingly, direct freezing induced a higher concentration of cells positive for pluripotency stem cell markers, without teratoma formation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that minimal processing may be adequate for the banking of amniotic fluid cells, avoiding in vitro passages before the storage and exposure to high oxygen concentration, which affect stem cell properties. This technique might be a cost-effective and reasonable approach to the process of Good Manufacturing Process accreditation for stem-cell banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comitini
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Franchi
- Genetic Laboratory, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Barbieri
- Genetic Laboratory, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni B La Sala
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Maraldi T, Guida M, Beretti F, Resca E, Carpino G, Cardinale V, Gentile R, Ardizzoni A, Murgia A, Alvaro D, Gaudio E, De Pol A. Human biliary tree stem/progenitor cells immunomodulation: Role of hepatocyte growth factor. Hepatol Res 2017; 47:465-479. [PMID: 27381820 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Human biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (hBTSC) are multipotent epithelial stem cells with the potential for allogenic transplant in liver, biliary tree, and pancreatic diseases. Human mesenchymal stem cells, but also epithelial stem cells, are able to modulate immune responses with different types of secretion molecules. METHODS The initial aim of the present study was to develop for the first time a culture protocol in order to expand hBTSC in vitro through passages, allowing to maintain a similar stem cell and secretome profile. Furthermore, we investigated the secretome profile of the hBTSC to assess the production of molecules capable of affecting immune feedback. RESULTS We found that hepatocyte growth factor produced by hBTSC exerts its cytoprotective role inducing apoptosis in human immune cells, such as lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS The present study, therefore, supports the hypothesis that hBTSC can be useful for the purpose of regenerative medicine, as they can be banked and expanded, and they can secrete immunoregulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,EURAC Research, Center for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Resca
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Gentile
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Department of Diagnostics, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alba Murgia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Iordache F, Constantinescu A, Andrei E, Amuzescu B, Halitzchi F, Savu L, Maniu H. Electrophysiology, immunophenotype, and gene expression characterization of senescent and cryopreserved human amniotic fluid stem cells. J Physiol Sci 2016; 66:463-476. [PMID: 27053101 PMCID: PMC10717473 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We characterized human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) in senescent cultures (6 weeks) versus cryopreserved cells using whole-cell patch-clamp, immunophenotyping, and differential gene expression profiling for senescence genes. We evidenced five ion current components (outward rectifier, A-type, inward rectifier, and big conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ currents, fast voltage-dependent Na+ currents). Senescent AFSC showed reduced expression of CD90, CD44, CD133, over 500-fold increase of interferon gamma and telomerase reverse transcriptase genes, increased cycle-dependent kinase 4 inhibitors, p53-binding protein 1, and decreased calreticulin and CD44. HLA-ABC immune expression was similar, and HLA-DR expression very low in both cell types. A subset of cryopreserved AFSC featured large inward rectifier K+ currents, voltage-dependent Na+ currents, and neural progenitor markers evidenced by immunophenotyping and RT-PCR. In all AFSC, in both culture conditions, at patch rupture the outward currents were very low, and they increased progressively over several minutes upon cytoplasm dialysis with pipette solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Iordache
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Therapy Laboratory, "N. Simionescu" Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, B.P. Hasdeu Str. 8, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Constantinescu
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Therapy Laboratory, "N. Simionescu" Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, B.P. Hasdeu Str. 8, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Andrei
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Therapy Laboratory, "N. Simionescu" Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, B.P. Hasdeu Str. 8, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Amuzescu
- Department Biophysics and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ferdinand Halitzchi
- Department Biophysics and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lorand Savu
- Genetic Lab SRL, Cpt. Av. N. Drossu Str. 9, 012071, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Maniu
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Therapy Laboratory, "N. Simionescu" Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, B.P. Hasdeu Str. 8, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
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Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Fathi E, Rahmati-Yamchi M, Akbarzadeh A, Fardyazar Z, Pashaiasl M. An update clinical application of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) in cancer cell therapy and tissue engineering. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:765-774. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1216857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz
- Women?s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Fardyazar
- Women?s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Women?s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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25
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Maraldi T, Resca E, Nicoli A, Beretti F, Zavatti M, Capodanno F, Morini D, Palomba S, La Sala GB, De Pol A. NADPH oxidase-4 and MATER expressions in granulosa cells: Relationships with ovarian aging. Life Sci 2016; 162:108-14. [PMID: 27515505 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Relevant roles in follicular development and ovulation are played by maternal antigen that embryos require (MATER), product of a maternal effect gene, and by reactive oxygen species (ROS), indispensable for the induction of ovulatory genes. At the moment, the relationship between these two biological systems and their involvement in the ovarian aging have not been still clarified. The aim of the current experimental study was to analyse the age-related changes of the MATER and NOX proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS MATER and ROS homeostasis was studied in granulosa cells (GCs) and cumulus cells (CCs) of infertile patients who undergone oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization cycles using Western blot and confocal immunofluorescence analysis. Samples were obtained from subjects with age≥40years (cases) and with age≤37years (controls). KEY FINDINGS The expression pattern of MATER and NOX observed in GCs was not different from that observed in CCs. High levels of both proteins were detected in the control samples. A significant lower expression of both MATER and NOX4 was observed in the case versus control samples. SIGNIFICANCE The expression of MATER and NOX4 proteins are closely related to the follicular development and ovulation with particular regard for ovarian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | | | - Alessia Nicoli
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesco Capodanno
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Daria Morini
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Stefano Palomba
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Giovanni B La Sala
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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26
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Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells: A Novel Source for Modeling of Human Genetic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17040607. [PMID: 27110774 PMCID: PMC4849058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, great interest has been devoted to the use of Induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPS) for modeling of human genetic diseases, due to the possibility of reprogramming somatic cells of affected patients into pluripotent cells, enabling differentiation into several cell types, and allowing investigations into the molecular mechanisms of the disease. However, the protocol of iPS generation still suffers from technical limitations, showing low efficiency, being expensive and time consuming. Amniotic Fluid Stem cells (AFS) represent a potential alternative novel source of stem cells for modeling of human genetic diseases. In fact, by means of prenatal diagnosis, a number of fetuses affected by chromosomal or Mendelian diseases can be identified, and the amniotic fluid collected for genetic testing can be used, after diagnosis, for the isolation, culture and differentiation of AFS cells. This can provide a useful stem cell model for the investigation of the molecular basis of the diagnosed disease without the necessity of producing iPS, since AFS cells show some features of pluripotency and are able to differentiate in cells derived from all three germ layers “in vitro”. In this article, we describe the potential benefits provided by using AFS cells in the modeling of human genetic diseases.
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27
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Carnevale G, Pisciotta A, Riccio M, De Biasi S, Gibellini L, Ferrari A, La Sala GB, Bruzzesi G, Cossarizza A, de Pol A. Optimized Cryopreservation and Banking of Human Bone-Marrow Fragments and Stem Cells. Biopreserv Biobank 2016; 14:138-48. [PMID: 26828565 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2015.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are a promising source for cell therapies and tissue engineering applications. Current procedures for banking of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) require cell isolation and expansion, and thus the use of large amounts of animal sera. However, animal-derived culture supplements have the potential to trigger infections and severe immune reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate an optimized method for cryopreservation of human bone-marrow fragments for application in cell banking procedures where stem-cell expansion and use are not immediately needed. Whole trabecular fragments enclosing the bone marrow were stored in liquid nitrogen for 1 year in a cryoprotective solution containing a low concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide and a high concentration of human serum (HuS). After thawing, the isolation, colony-forming-unit ability, proliferation, morphology, stemness-related marker expression, cell senescence, apoptosis, and multi-lineage differentiation potential of hBM-MSCs were tested in media containing HuS compared with hBM-MSCs isolated from fresh fragments. Human BM-MSCs isolated from cryopreserved fragments expressed MSC markers until later passages, had a good proliferation rate, and exhibited the capacity to differentiate toward osteogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic lineages similar to hBM-MSCs isolated from fresh fragments. Moreover, the cryopreservation method did not induce cell senescence or cell death. These results imply that minimal processing may be adequate for the banking of tissue samples with no requirement for the immediate isolation and use of hBM-MSCs, thus limiting cost and the risk of contamination, and facilitating banking for clinical use. Furthermore, the use of HuS for cryopreservation and expansion/differentiation has the potential for clinical application in compliance with good manufacturing practice standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Carnevale
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy .,2 Dipartimento Sperimentale Interaziendale, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Riccio
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Sara De Biasi
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Lara Gibellini
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Adriano Ferrari
- 2 Dipartimento Sperimentale Interaziendale, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy .,3 Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni B La Sala
- 2 Dipartimento Sperimentale Interaziendale, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy .,4 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bruzzesi
- 5 Oro-Maxillo-Facial Department, AUSL Baggiovara , Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy .,2 Dipartimento Sperimentale Interaziendale, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
| | - Anto de Pol
- 1 Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy .,2 Dipartimento Sperimentale Interaziendale, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena, Italy
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Potential role of N-benzylcinnamide in inducing neuronal differentiation from human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells. Neurosci Lett 2016; 610:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Nuclear Nox4 Role in Stemness Power of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:101304. [PMID: 26273418 PMCID: PMC4529982 DOI: 10.1155/2015/101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) are an attractive source for cell therapy due to their multilineage differentiation potential and accessibility advantages. However the clinical application of human stem cells largely depends on their capacity to expand in vitro, since there is an extensive donor-to-donor heterogeneity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular oxidative stress are involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes of stem cells, including pluripotency, proliferation, differentiation, and stress resistance. The mode of action of ROS is also dependent on the localization of their target molecules. Thus, the modifications induced by ROS can be separated depending on the cellular compartments they affect. NAD(P)H oxidase family, particularly Nox4, has been known to produce ROS in the nucleus. In the present study we show that Nox4 nuclear expression (nNox4) depends on the donor and it correlates with the expression of transcription factors involved in stemness regulation, such as Oct4, SSEA-4, and Sox2. Moreover nNox4 is linked with the nuclear localization of redox sensitive transcription factors, as Nrf2 and NF-κB, and with the differentiation potential. Taken together, these results suggest that nNox4 regulation may have important effects in stem cell capability through modulation of transcription factors and DNA damage.
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30
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Wang KH, Kao AP, Chang CC, Lin TC, Kuo TC. Upregulation of Nanog and Sox-2 genes following ectopic expression of Oct-4 in amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 62:591-7. [PMID: 25385323 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4), an important gene regulating stem cell pluripotency, is well-known for its ability to reprogram somatic cells in vitro, either alone or in concert with other factors. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ectopic expression of Oct human amniotic fluid stem cells. We developed a novel method for isolation of putative human amniotic fluid-derived multipotent stem cells. These cells showing mesenchymal stem cell phenotypes (human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells, hAFMSCs) were transfected with a plasmid carrying genes for Oct-4 and the green fluorescent protein (GFP). The stably transfected cells, hAFMSCs-Oct4/GFP, were selected by using G418 and found to express the GFP reporter gene under the control of Oct-4 promoter. We found that hAFMSCs developed by our method possess very high self-renewal ability (about 78 cumulative population doublings) and multilineage differentiation potency. Significantly, the hAFMSCs-Oct4/GFP cells showed enhanced expression of the three major pluripotency genes Oct-4, Nanog, and Sox-2, and increased colony-forming ability and growth rate compared with the parental hAFMSCs. We demonstrated that the ectopic expression of Oct-4 gene in hAFMSCs with high self-renewal ability could upregulate Nanog and Sox-2 gene expression and enhance cell growth rate and colony-forming efficiency. Therefore, the ectopic expression of Oct-4 could be a strategy to develop pluripotency in hAFMSCs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hung Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - An-Pei Kao
- Department of Research and Development, NeoAsia, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Chang
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ta-Chin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Maraldi T, Beretti F, Guida M, Zavatti M, De Pol A. Role of hepatocyte growth factor in the immunomodulation potential of amniotic fluid stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:539-47. [PMID: 25873747 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) may be useful for regenerative medicine because of their potential to differentiate into all three germ layers and to modulate immune response with different types of secretion molecules. This last issue has not been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the secretome profile of the hAFSC, focusing on the role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in immunoregulation through short and long cocultures with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that HGF produced by hAFSCs exerts a cytoprotective role, inducing an increase in caspase-dependent apoptosis in human immune cells. This study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that amniotic fluid is an ideal source of stem cells for expansion and banking properties for therapeutic use. hAFSCs not only are less immunogenic but also can secrete immunoregulatory factors that may be useful in autoimmune diseases or allogenic implants. SIGNIFICANCE New information about the secretome pattern is reported in this paper. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties involving hepatocyte growth factor production. hAFSCs could be used in immunotherapies and might be able to avoid allogenic rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
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