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Corrigendum to: A logical model of Ewing sarcoma cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition supports the existence of hybrid cellular phenotypes https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.14724. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38880658 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
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Armstrong L, Willoughby CE, McKenna DJ. The Suppression of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer through the Targeting of MYO6 Using MiR-145-5p. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4301. [PMID: 38673886 PMCID: PMC11050364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of miR-145-5p has been observed in prostate cancer where is has been suggested to play a tumor suppressor role. In other cancers, miR-145-5p acts as an inhibitor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key molecular process for tumor progression. However, the interaction between miR-145-5p and EMT remains to be elucidated in prostate cancer. In this paper the link between miR-145-5p and EMT in prostate cancer was investigated using a combination of in silico and in vitro analyses. miR-145-5p expression was significantly lower in prostate cancer cell lines compared to normal prostate cells. Bioinformatic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas prostate adenocarcinoma (TCGA PRAD) data showed significant downregulation of miR-145-5p in prostate cancer, correlating with disease progression. Functional enrichment analysis significantly associated miR-145-5p and its target genes with EMT. MYO6, an EMT-associated gene, was identified and validated as a novel target of miR-145-5p in prostate cancer cells. In vitro manipulation of miR-145-5p levels significantly altered cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and expression of EMT-associated markers. Additional TCGA PRAD analysis suggested miR-145-5p tumor expression may be useful predictor of disease recurrence. In summary, this is the first study to report that miR-145-5p may inhibit EMT by targeting MYO6 in prostate cancer cells. The findings suggest miR-145-5p could be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Declan J. McKenna
- Genomic Medicine Research Group, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (L.A.); (C.E.W.)
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Lenda B, Żebrowska-Nawrocka M, Turek G, Balcerczak E. Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox Family: Non-Coding RNA and Epigenetic Regulation in Gliomas. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051364. [PMID: 37239035 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumours. Among them, glioblastoma (GBM) is a grade four tumour with a median survival of approximately 15 months and still limited treatment options. Although a classical epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is not the case in glioma due to its non-epithelial origin, the EMT-like processes may contribute largely to the aggressive and highly infiltrative nature of these tumours, thus promoting invasive phenotype and intracranial metastasis. To date, many well-known EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs) have been described with clear, biological functions in glioma progression. Among them, EMT-related families of molecules such as SNAI, TWIST and ZEB are widely cited, well-established oncogenes considering both epithelial and non-epithelial tumours. In this review, we aimed to summarise the current knowledge with a regard to functional experiments considering the impact of miRNA and lncRNA as well as other epigenetic modifications, with a main focus on ZEB1 and ZEB2 in gliomas. Although we explored various molecular interactions and pathophysiological processes, such as cancer stem cell phenotype, hypoxia-induced EMT, tumour microenvironment and TMZ-resistant tumour cells, there is still a pressing need to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which EMT-TFs are regulated in gliomas, which will enable researchers to uncover novel therapeutic targets as well as improve patients' diagnosis and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Lenda
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, BRaIN Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Żebrowska-Nawrocka
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, BRaIN Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Turek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bródnowski Masovian Hospital, Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Balcerczak
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, BRaIN Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
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Verstappe J, Berx G. A role for partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in enabling stemness in homeostasis and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 90:15-28. [PMID: 36773819 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal capacities and the ability to give rise to differentiated cells thereby sustaining tissues during homeostasis and injury. This structural hierarchy extends to tumours which harbor stem-like cells deemed cancer stem cells that propagate the tumour and drive metastasis and relapse. The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which plays an important role in development and cancer cell migration, was shown to be correlated with stemness in both homeostasis and cancer indicating that stemness can be acquired and is not necessarily an intrinsic trait. Nowadays it is experimentally proven that the activation of an EMT program does not necessarily drive cells towards a fully mesenchymal phenotype but rather to hybrid E/M states. This review offers the latest advances in connecting the EMT status and stem-cell state of both non-transformed and cancer cells. Recent literature clearly shows that hybrid EMT states have a higher probability of acquiring stem cell traits. The position of a cell along the EMT-axis which coincides with a stem cell-like state is known as the stemness window. We show how the original EMT-state of a cell dictates the EMT/MET inducing programmes required to reach stemness. Lastly we present the mechanism of stemness regulation and the regulatory feedback loops which position cells at a certain EMT state along the EMT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Verstappe
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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Huang Y, Hong W, Wei X. The molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of EMT in tumor progression and metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:129. [PMID: 36076302 PMCID: PMC9461252 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential process in normal embryonic development and tissue regeneration. However, aberrant reactivation of EMT is associated with malignant properties of tumor cells during cancer progression and metastasis, including promoted migration and invasiveness, increased tumor stemness, and enhanced resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. EMT is tightly regulated by a complex network which is orchestrated with several intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including multiple transcription factors, post-translational control, epigenetic modifications, and noncoding RNA-mediated regulation. In this review, we described the molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and the stages of tumorigenesis involved in the EMT process and discussed the dynamic non-binary process of EMT and its role in tumor metastasis. Finally, we summarized the challenges of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in EMT and proposed strategies for tumor therapy targeting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Huang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiqi Hong
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Tian B, Zhou J, Chen G, Jiang T, Li Q, Qin J. Downregulation of ZNF280A inhibits proliferation and tumorigenicity of colorectal cancer cells by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of RPS14. Front Oncol 2022; 12:906281. [PMID: 36059657 PMCID: PMC9428494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.906281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the cancers with highest mortality, involves complicated molecular mechanisms leading to the onset of malignant phenotypes. ZNF280A, a member of the zinc-finger protein family, was shown to be a promotor of oncogenesis in CRC in this study. ZNF280A was remarkably upregulated in CRC tissues, which was meaningfully associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with CRC. Loss-of-function studies revealed that ZNF280A knockdown inhibited the development and progression of CRC as evident by the inhibition of cell proliferation, colony formation, cell apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and cell migration in vitro and the repressed tumorigenesis of CRC cells in vivo. Next, we showed that RPS14 was the downstream target of ZNF280A and ZNF280A knockdown promoted the ubiquitination as well as degradation of RPS14 in CRC. Additionally, we demonstrated that RPS14 regulated the development of CRC via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings provide a novel clear insight into ZNF280A/RPS14/PI3K-Akt axis in CRC for the first time, offering a potential target for early detection, diagnosis and treatment of CRC in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binle Tian
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Qin, ; Qi Li,
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Qin, ; Qi Li,
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Urinary microRNAs and Their Significance in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: A 5-Year Update. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133157. [PMID: 35804929 PMCID: PMC9265126 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Current diagnostics of prostate cancer often show unsatisfactory results, leading to delayed detection or overtreatment. Urinary microRNAs are a class of promising non-invasive biomarkers. Although many studies have been conducted on this topic in the last five years, there is little agreement on the data obtained. This review aims to discuss new knowledge but also focuses on technical aspects affecting urinary miRNA analysis. Abstract Current routine screening methods for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) have significantly increased early detection of the disease but often show unsatisfactory analytical parameters. A class of promising markers represents urinary microRNAs (miRNAs). In the last five years, there has been an extensive increase in the number of studies on this topic. Thus, this review aims to update knowledge and point out technical aspects affecting urinary miRNA analysis. The review of relevant literature was carried out by searching the PubMed database for the keywords: microRNA, miRNA, urine, urinary, prostate cancer, and diagnosis. Papers discussed in this review were retrieved using PubMed, and the search strategy was as follows: (urine OR urinary) WITH (microRNA OR miRNA) AND prostate cancer. The search was limited to the last 5 years, January 2017 to December 2021. Based on the defined search strategy, 31 original publications corresponding to the research topic were identified, read and reviewed to present the latest findings and to assess possible translation of urinary miRNAs into clinical practice. Reviews or older publications were read and cited if they valuably extended the context and contributed to a better understanding. Urinary miRNAs are potentially valuable markers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Despite promising results, there is still a need for independent validation of exploratory data, which follows a strict widely accepted methodology taking into account the shortcomings and factors influencing the analysis.
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Yang X, Qin C, Zhao B, Li T, Wang Y, Li Z, Li T, Wang W. Long Noncoding RNA and Circular RNA: Two Rising Stars in Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:910678. [PMID: 35719940 PMCID: PMC9204003 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.910678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant tumor with especially poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of pancreatic oncogenesis and malignant progression are not fully elucidated. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is important to drive pancreatic carcinogenesis. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs(circRNAs) have been characterized to participate in EMT in PDAC, which can affect the migration and invasion of tumor cells by playing important roles in epigenetic processes, transcription, and post-transcriptional regulation. LncRNAs can act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) to sequester target microRNAs(miRNAs), bind to the genes which localize physically nearby, and directly interact with EMT-related proteins. Currently known circRNAs mostly regulate the EMT process in PDAC also by acting as a miRNA sponge, directly affecting the protein degradation process. Therefore, exploring the functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs in EMT during pancreatic cancer might help pancreatic cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Yang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bangbo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zeru Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Role of MicroRNAs in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8020025. [PMID: 35447888 PMCID: PMC9029336 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC/NEPC) is an aggressive variant of prostate cancer (PCa) that frequently emerges in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) under the selective pressure of androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies. This variant is extremely aggressive, metastasizes to visceral organs, tissues, and bones despite low serum PSA, and is associated with poor survival rates. It arises via a reversible trans-differentiation process, referred to as ‘neuroendocrine differentiation’ (NED), wherein PCa cells undergo a lineage switch and exhibit neuroendocrine features, characterized by the expression of neuronal markers such as enolase 2 (ENO2), chromogranin A (CHGA), and synaptophysin (SYP). The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying NED in PCa are complex and not clearly understood, which contributes to a lack of effective molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy of this variant. NEPC is thought to derive from prostate adenocarcinomas by clonal evolution. A characteristic set of genetic alterations, such as dual loss of retinoblastoma (RB1) and tumor protein (TP53) tumor suppressor genes and amplifications of Aurora kinase A (AURKA), NMYC, and EZH2, has been reported to drive NEPC. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important epigenetic players in driving NED in advanced PCa. In this review, we highlight the role of miRNAs in NEPC. These studies emphasize the diverse role that miRNAs play as oncogenes and tumor suppressors in driving NEPC. These studies have unveiled the important role of cellular processes such as the EMT and cancer stemness in determining NED in PCa. Furthermore, miRNAs are involved in intercellular communication between tumor cells and stromal cells via extracellular vesicles/exosomes that contribute to lineage switching. Recent studies support the promising potential of miRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NEPC.
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Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity: why so many regulators? Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:182. [PMID: 35278142 PMCID: PMC8918127 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic transition between epithelial-like and mesenchymal-like cell states has been a focus for extensive investigation for decades, reflective of the importance of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) through development, in the adult, and the contributing role EMT has to pathologies including metastasis and fibrosis. Not surprisingly, regulation of the complex genetic networks that underlie EMT have been attributed to multiple transcription factors and microRNAs. What is surprising, however, are the sheer number of different regulators (hundreds of transcription factors and microRNAs) for which critical roles have been described. This review seeks not to collate these studies, but to provide a perspective on the fundamental question of whether it is really feasible that so many regulators play important roles and if so, what does this tell us about EMT and more generally, the genetic machinery that controls complex biological processes.
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MicroRNAs and Metabolism: Revisiting the Warburg Effect with Emphasis on Epigenetic Background and Clinical Applications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101531. [PMID: 34680164 PMCID: PMC8533942 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the well-known hallmarks of cancer were described by Hanahan and Weinberg, fundamental advances of molecular genomic technologies resulted in the discovery of novel puzzle pieces in the multistep pathogenesis of cancer. MicroRNAs are involved in the altered epigenetic pattern and metabolic phenotype of malignantly transformed cells. They contribute to the initiation, progression and metastasis-formation of cancers, also interacting with oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes and epigenetic modifiers. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells results from the dysregulation of a complex network, in which microRNAs are located at central hubs. MicroRNAs regulate the expression of several metabolic enzymes, including tumor-specific isoforms. Therefore, they have a direct impact on the levels of metabolites, also influencing epigenetic pattern due to the metabolite cofactors of chromatin modifiers. Targets of microRNAs include numerous epigenetic enzymes, such as sirtuins, which are key regulators of cellular metabolic homeostasis. A better understanding of reversible epigenetic and metabolic alterations opened up new horizons in the personalized treatment of cancer. MicroRNA expression levels can be utilized in differential diagnosis, prognosis stratification and prediction of chemoresistance. The therapeutic modulation of microRNA levels is an area of particular interest that provides a promising tool for restoring altered metabolism of cancer cells.
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Razmara E, Bitaraf A, Karimi B, Babashah S. Functions of the SNAI family in chondrocyte-to-osteocyte development. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1503:5-22. [PMID: 34403146 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Different cellular mechanisms contribute to osteocyte development. And while critical roles for members of the zinc finger protein SNAI family (SNAIs) have been discussed in cancer-related models, there are few reviews summarizing their importance for chondrocyte-to-osteocyte development. To help fill this gap, we review the roles of SNAIs in the development of mature osteocytes from chondrocytes, including the regulation of chondro- and osteogenesis through different signaling pathways and in programmed cell death. We also discuss how epigenetic factors-including DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and noncoding RNAs-contribute differently to both chondrocyte and osteocyte development. To better grasp the important roles of SNAIs in bone development, we also review genotype-phenotype correlations in different animal models. We end with comments about the possible importance of the SNAI family in cartilage/bone development and the potential applications for therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razmara
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amirreza Bitaraf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Karimi
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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ZEB2, the Mowat-Wilson Syndrome Transcription Factor: Confirmations, Novel Functions, and Continuing Surprises. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071037. [PMID: 34356053 PMCID: PMC8304685 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
After its publication in 1999 as a DNA-binding and SMAD-binding transcription factor (TF) that co-determines cell fate in amphibian embryos, ZEB2 was from 2003 studied by embryologists mainly by documenting the consequences of conditional, cell-type specific Zeb2 knockout (cKO) in mice. In between, it was further identified as causal gene causing Mowat-Wilson Syndrome (MOWS) and novel regulator of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). ZEB2’s functions and action mechanisms in mouse embryos were first addressed in its main sites of expression, with focus on those that helped to explain neurodevelopmental and neural crest defects seen in MOWS patients. By doing so, ZEB2 was identified in the forebrain as the first TF that determined timing of neuro-/gliogenesis, and thereby also the extent of different layers of the cortex, in a cell non-autonomous fashion, i.e., by its cell-intrinsic control within neurons of neuron-to-progenitor paracrine signaling. Transcriptomics-based phenotyping of Zeb2 mutant mouse cells have identified large sets of intact-ZEB2 dependent genes, and the cKO approaches also moved to post-natal brain development and diverse other systems in adult mice, including hematopoiesis and various cell types of the immune system. These new studies start to highlight the important adult roles of ZEB2 in cell–cell communication, including after challenge, e.g., in the infarcted heart and fibrotic liver. Such studies may further evolve towards those documenting the roles of ZEB2 in cell-based repair of injured tissue and organs, downstream of actions of diverse growth factors, which recapitulate developmental signaling principles in the injured sites. Evident questions are about ZEB2’s direct target genes, its various partners, and ZEB2 as a candidate modifier gene, e.g., in other (neuro)developmental disorders, but also the accurate transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of its mRNA expression sites and levels. Other questions start to address ZEB2’s function as a niche-controlling regulatory TF of also other cell types, in part by its modulation of growth factor responses (e.g., TGFβ/BMP, Wnt, Notch). Furthermore, growing numbers of mapped missense as well as protein non-coding mutations in MOWS patients are becoming available and inspire the design of new animal model and pluripotent stem cell-based systems. This review attempts to summarize in detail, albeit without discussing ZEB2’s role in cancer, hematopoiesis, and its emerging roles in the immune system, how intense ZEB2 research has arrived at this exciting intersection.
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Papanikolaou S, Vourda A, Syggelos S, Gyftopoulos K. Cell Plasticity and Prostate Cancer: The Role of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression, Invasion, Metastasis and Cancer Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112795. [PMID: 34199763 PMCID: PMC8199975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a well-known cellular process involved during normal embryogenesis and wound healing, it also has a dark side; it is a complex process that provides tumor cells with a more aggressive phenotype, facilitating tumor metastasis and even resistance to therapy. This review focuses on the key pathways of EMT in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer and the development of metastases and evasion of currently available treatments. Abstract Prostate cancer, the second most common malignancy in men, is characterized by high heterogeneity that poses several therapeutic challenges. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic, reversible cellular process which is essential in normal embryonic morphogenesis and wound healing. However, the cellular changes that are induced by EMT suggest that it may also play a central role in tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to current therapeutic options. These changes include enhanced motility and loss of cell–cell adhesion that form a more aggressive cellular phenotype. Moreover, the reverse process (MET) is a necessary element of the metastatic tumor process. It is highly probable that this cell plasticity reflects a hybrid state between epithelial and mesenchymal status. In this review, we describe the underlying key mechanisms of the EMT-induced phenotype modulation that contribute to prostate tumor aggressiveness and cancer therapy resistance, in an effort to provide a framework of this complex cellular process.
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Soleymani L, Zarrabi A, Hashemi F, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Banihashemi SM, Moghadam SS, Hushmandi K, Samarghandian S, Ashrafizadeh M, Khan H. Role of ZEB family members in proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells: Revealing signaling networks. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:749-767. [PMID: 34077345 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210601114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. A variety of strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are applied for PCa treatment. PCa cells are responsive towards therapy at early stages, but they can obtain resistance in the advanced stage. Furthermore, their migratory ability is high in advanced stages. It seems that genetic and epigenetic factors play an important in this case. Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB) is a family of transcription with two key members including ZEB1 and ZEB2. ZEB family members are known due to their involvement in promoting cancer metastasis via EMT induction. Recent studies have shown their role in cancer proliferation and inducing therapy resistance. In the current review, we focus on revealing role of ZEB1 and ZEB2 in PCa. ZEB family members that are able to significantly promote proliferation and viability of cancer cells. ZEB1 and ZEB2 enhance migration and invasion of PCa cells via EMT induction. Overexpression of ZEB1 and ZEB2 is associated with poor prognosis of PCa. ZEB1 and ZEB2 upregulation occurs during PCa progression and can provide therapy resistance to cancer cells. PRMT1, Smad2, and non-coding RNAs can function as upstream mediators of the ZEB family. Besides, Bax, Bcl-2, MRP1, N-cadherin and E-cadherin can be considered as downstream targets of ZEB family in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Soleymani
- Department of biology, school of science, Urmia university, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul. Turkey
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Sabouhi Moghadam
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite -Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul. Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200. Pakistan
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16
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Wang W, Zhao Z, Han S, Wu D. miR-637 Prevents Glioblastoma Progression by Interrupting ZEB2/WNT/β-catenin Cascades. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2321-2335. [PMID: 34047878 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most frequent primary malignancies in the central nervous system. Aberrant activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways is critical for GBM malignancy. However, the regulation of WNT/β-catenin signaling cascades remains unclear. Presently, we observed the increased expression of ZEB2 and the decreased expression of miR-637 in GBM. The expression of miR-637 was negatively correlated with ZEB2 expression. miR-637 overexpression overcame the ZEB2-enhanced cell proliferation and G1/S phase transition. Besides, miR-637 suppressed the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathways by targeting WNT7A directly. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments with U251 mice demonstrated that miR-637 inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the G1/S phase transition, leading to tumor growth suppression. The collective findings suggest that ZEB2 and WNT/β-catenin cascades merge at miR-637, and the ectopic expression of miR-637 disturbs ZEB2/WNT/β-catenin-mediated GBM growth. The findings provide new clues for improving β-catenin-targeted therapy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Tumor Biotherapy and Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Zhang S, Sun H, Kong W, Zhang B. Functional role of microRNA-500a-3P-loaded liposomes in the treatment of cisplatin-induced AKI. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 14:465-469. [PMID: 32755955 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin treatment results in acute kidney injury (AKI) by the phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). The knockout of MLKL, which is a principle mediator of necroptosis, is believed to alleviate the AKI symptoms. The present study was aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy in AKI. For this purpose, miR-500a-3P was identified as appropriate miRNA therapeutics and loaded in liposome delivery carrier. The authors have showed that the miR-LIP directly controls the expression of RIPK3 and MLKL - a modulator of necroptosis and thereby reduces the severity of kidney injury. The miR-LIP significantly controlled the phosphorylation of MLKL compared to that of CDDP-treated HK2 cells. Similar results are observed with RIPK3. The miR-LIP has also been demonstrated to control the inflammatory response in tubular cells. Western blot analysis further revealed that the phosphorylation of P-65 was mainly responsible for the inflammatory response and miR-LIP significantly decreased the CDDP-induced NF-kB phosphorylation. Overall, the present study explored the molecular mechanism behind the necroptosis in AKI and potential of miRNA in targeting MLKL pathways. Study further highlights the potential advantage of liposome as a delivery carrier for miRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Zhang
- Department of Kidney Disease, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaixin Sun
- Department of Kidney Disease, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixin Kong
- Department of Kidney Disease, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Rajabi F, Liu-Bordes WY, Pinskaya M, Dominika F, Kratassiouk G, Pinna G, Nanni S, Farsetti A, Gespach C, Londoño-Vallejo A, Groisman I. CPEB1 orchestrates a fine-tuning of miR-145-5p tumor-suppressive activity on TWIST1 translation in prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4155-4168. [PMID: 33227047 PMCID: PMC7665230 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TWIST1 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, and one of the master Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) regulators. We show that tumor suppressor miR-145-5p controls TWIST1 expression in an immortalized prostate epithelial cell line and in a tumorigenic prostate cancer-derived cell line. Indeed, shRNA-mediated miR-145-5p silencing enhanced TWIST1 expression and induced EMT-associated malignant properties in these cells. However, we discovered that the translational inhibitory effect of miR-145-5p on TWIST1 is lost in 22Rv1, another prostate cancer cell line that intrinsically expresses high levels of the CPEB1 cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein. This translational regulator typically reduces TWIST1 translation efficiency by shortening the TWIST1 mRNA polyA tail. However, our results indicate that the presence of CPEB1 also interferes with the binding of miR-145-5p to the TWIST1 mRNA 3′UTR. Mechanistically, CPEB1 binding to its first cognate site either directly hampers the access to the miR-145-5p response element or redirects the cleavage/polyadenylation machinery to an intermediate polyadenylation site, resulting in the elimination of the miR-145-5p binding site. Taken together, our data support the notion that the tumor suppressive activity of miR-145-5p on TWIST1 translation, consequently on EMT, self-renewal, and migration, depends on the CPEB1 expression status of the cancer cell. A preliminary prospective study using clinical samples suggests that reconsidering the relative status of miR-145-5p/TWIST1 and CPEB1 in the tumors of prostate cancer patients may bear prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rajabi
- Telomeres and Cancer Laboratory, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université PSL, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Win-Yan Liu-Bordes
- Telomeres and Cancer Laboratory, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université PSL, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marina Pinskaya
- Non-Coding RNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Sorbonne Université, Université PSL, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Foretek Dominika
- Non-Coding RNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Sorbonne Université, Université PSL, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Gueorgui Kratassiouk
- Plateforme ARN Interférence, Service de Biologie Intégrative et de Génétique Moléculaire (SBIGeM), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Pinna
- Plateforme ARN Interférence, Service de Biologie Intégrative et de Génétique Moléculaire (SBIGeM), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Simona Nanni
- Istituto di Patologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Farsetti
- Istituto di Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Gespach
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Team TGFβ Signaling in Cellular Plasticity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Arturo Londoño-Vallejo
- Telomeres and Cancer Laboratory, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université PSL, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Irina Groisman
- Telomeres and Cancer Laboratory, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université PSL, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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19
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Sharma PC, Gupta A. MicroRNAs: potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of different cancers. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5798-5818. [PMID: 35117940 PMCID: PMC8798648 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of the tumor environment and underlying genetic factors helps in the better formulation of cancer management strategies. Availability of efficient diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers facilitates early detection and progression of the disease. MicroRNAs affect different biological processes participating in tumorigenesis through regulation of their target genes. An expanding list of unique RNAs and understanding of their regulatory role has opened up a new field in cancer research. Based on a comprehensive literature search, we identified 728 miRNAs dysregulated in sixteen cancer types namely bladder cancer (BC), breast cancer (BrC), cervical cancer (CC), colorectal cancer (CRC), esophageal cancer (EC), endometrial cancer (EnC), gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular cancer (HCC), head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC), lung cancer (LC), ovarian cancer (OC), pancreatic cancer (PC), prostate cancer (PrC), renal cell cancer (RCC), skin cancer (SC), and thyroid cancer (TC). Expression of 43 miRNAs was either upregulated or downregulated in six or more of these cancers. Finally, seven miRNAs namely mir-18a, mir-21, mir-143/145, mir-210, mir-218, mir-221, showing maximum dysregulation, either up- or down-regulation in the majority of cancers, were selected for a detailed presentation of their expression and evaluation of their potential as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chand Sharma
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Alisha Gupta
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
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20
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Wang M, Xia F, Wei Y, Wei X. Molecular mechanisms and clinical management of cancer bone metastasis. Bone Res 2020; 8:30. [PMID: 32793401 PMCID: PMC7391760 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common metastatic sites of malignancies, bone has a unique microenvironment that allows metastatic tumor cells to grow and flourish. The fenestrated capillaries in the bone, bone matrix, and bone cells, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts, together maintain the homeostasis of the bone microenvironment. In contrast, tumor-derived factors act on bone components, leading to subsequent bone resorption or excessive bone formation. The various pathways involved also provide multiple targets for therapeutic strategies against bone metastases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanism of bone metastases. Based on the general process of bone metastases, we specifically highlight the complex crosstalk between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment and the current management of cancer bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
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21
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MicroRNAs and Their Influence on the ZEB Family: Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071040. [PMID: 32664703 PMCID: PMC7407563 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer have been intensively studied due to their crucial role in cancer cell growth and dissemination. Among them, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) and -2 (ZEB2) are molecules that play vital roles in signaling pathways to ensure the survival of tumor cells, particularly through enhancing cell proliferation, promoting cell migration and invasion, and triggering drug resistance. Importantly, ZEB proteins are regulated by microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we demonstrate the impact that miRs have on cancer therapy, through their targeting of ZEB proteins. MiRs are able to act as onco-suppressor factors and inhibit the malignancy of tumor cells through ZEB1/2 down-regulation. This can lead to an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism, therefore reducing metastasis. Additionally, miRs are able to inhibit ZEB1/2-mediated drug resistance and immunosuppression. Additionally, we explore the upstream modulators of miRs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as these regulators can influence the inhibitory effect of miRs on ZEB proteins and cancer progression.
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22
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Tiwari R, Manzar N, Ateeq B. Dynamics of Cellular Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:130. [PMID: 32754615 PMCID: PMC7365877 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the current advances in the treatment for prostate cancer, the patients often develop resistance to the conventional therapeutic interventions. Therapy-induced drug resistance and tumor progression have been associated with cellular plasticity acquired due to reprogramming at the molecular and phenotypic levels. The plasticity of the tumor cells is mainly governed by two factors: cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic. The cell-intrinsic factors involve alteration in the genetic or epigenetic regulators, while cell-extrinsic factors include microenvironmental cues and drug-induced selective pressure. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness are two important hallmarks that dictate cellular plasticity in multiple cancer types including prostate. Emerging evidence has also pinpointed the role of tumor cell plasticity in driving anti-androgen induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a lethal and therapy-resistant subtype. In this review, we discuss the role of cellular plasticity manifested due to genetic, epigenetic alterations and cues from the tumor microenvironment, and their role in driving therapy resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bushra Ateeq
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
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23
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Reactivation of microRNA-506 inhibits gastric carcinoma cell metastasis through ZEB2. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1821-1831. [PMID: 30923258 PMCID: PMC6461178 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently dysregulated in a variety of human cancers, including gastric carcinoma. To improve our understanding of the role of miRNAs in gastric carcinoma and potential identify novel biomarkers or therapeutic agents, we performed microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in gastric carcinoma, compared with paired non-cancerous gastric tissues. We identified significantly differentially expressed miRNAs in gastric carcinoma tissues, including miR-506. We validated the microarray results by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 26 specimens and confirmed significant downregulation of miR-506 in gastric carcinoma. Bioinformatics analysis predicted ZEB2 (zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2) as a potential target of miR-506. MiR-506 levels and ZEB2 levels were inversely correlated in gastric carcinoma, and low miR-506 levels in gastric carcinoma were associated with poor prognosis. Overexpression of miR-506 in gastric carcinoma cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion, while depletion of miR-506 in gastric carcinoma cells significantly increased cell migration and invasion. Transplantation of miR-506-overexpressing gastric carcinoma cells developed significantly smaller tumor, compared to the control. Thus, our results suggest that miR-506 may function as a tumor suppressor and targets and inhibits ZEB2 in gastric carcinoma.
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24
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Jin W, Fei X, Wang X, Song Y, Chen F. Detection and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer Using Blood-Based Biomarkers. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8730608. [PMID: 32454797 PMCID: PMC7218965 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8730608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is second only to lung cancer as a cause of death. Clinical assessment of patients and treatment efficiency therefore depend on the disease being diagnosed as early as possible. However, due to issues regarding the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for screening purposes, PCa management is among the most contentious of healthcare matters. PSA screening is problematic primarily because of diagnosis difficulties and the high rate of false-positive biopsies. Novel PCa biomarkers, such as the Prostate Health Index (PHI) and the 4Kscore, have been proposed in recent times to improve PSA prediction accuracy and have shown higher performance by preventing redundant biopsies. The 4Kscore also shows high precision in determining the risk of developing high-grade PCa, whereas elevated PHI levels suggest that the tumor is aggressive. Some evidence also supports the effectiveness of miRNAs as biomarkers for distinguishing PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia and for assessing the aggressiveness of the disease. A number of miRNAs that possibly act as tumor inhibitors or oncogenes are impaired in PCa. These new biomarkers are comprehensively reviewed in the present study in terms of their potential use in diagnosing and treating PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jin
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangjie Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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25
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Cochetti G, Rossi de Vermandois JA, Maulà V, Giulietti M, Cecati M, Del Zingaro M, Cagnani R, Suvieri C, Paladini A, Mearini E. Role of miRNAs in prostate cancer: Do we really know everything? Urol Oncol 2020; 38:623-635. [PMID: 32284256 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many different genetic alterations, as well as complex epigenetic interactions, are the basis of the genesis and progression of prostate cancer (CaP). This is the reason why until now the molecular pathways related to development of this cancer were only partly known, and even less those that determine aggressive or indolent tumour behaviour. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of about 22 nucleotides long, small non-coding RNAs, which are involved in gene expression regulation at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs play a crucial role in regulating several biological functions and preserving homeostasis, as they carry out a wide modulatory activity on various molecular signalling pathways. MiRNA genes are placed in cancer-related genomic regions or in fragile sites, and they have been proven to be involved in the main steps of carcinogenesis as oncogenes or oncosuppressors in many types of cancer, including CaP. We performed a narrative review to describe the relationship between miRNAs and the crucial steps of development and progression of CaP. The aims of this study were to improve the knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying miRNA expression and their target genes, and to contribute to understanding the relationship between miRNA expression profiles and CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cochetti
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Vincenza Maulà
- Biotechnology Laboratory in Urology, Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Giulietti
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Cecati
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Del Zingaro
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosy Cagnani
- Biotechnology Laboratory in Urology, Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Suvieri
- Biotechnology Laboratory in Urology, Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessio Paladini
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ettore Mearini
- Division of Urology Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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26
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Ectopic Expression of miR-532-3p Suppresses Bone Metastasis of Prostate Cancer Cells via Inactivating NF-κB Signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 17:267-277. [PMID: 32368615 PMCID: PMC7191128 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
miR-532-3p is a widely documented microRNA (miRNA) involved in multifaceted processes of cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of miR-532-3p in bone metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) remain largely unknown. Herein, we report that miR-532-3p was downregulated in PCa tissues with bone metastasis, and downexpression of miR-532-3p was significantly associated with Gleason grade and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and predicted poor bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Upregulating miR-532-3p inhibited invasion and migration abilities of PCa cells in vitro, while silencing miR-532-3p yielded an opposite effect on invasion and migration abilities of PCa cells. Importantly, upregulating miR-532-3p repressed bone metastasis of PCa cells in vivo. Our results further demonstrated that overexpression of miR-532-3p inhibited activation of nuclear facto κB (NF-κB) signaling via simultaneously targeting tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1), TRAF2, and TRAF4, which further promoted invasion, migration, and bone metastasis of PCa cells. Therefore, our findings reveal a novel mechanism contributing to the sustained activity of NF-κB signaling underlying the bone metastasis of PCa.
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27
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Methodology to analyze gene expression patterns of early mammary development in pig models. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3241-3248. [PMID: 32219771 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In mammary gland development, normal stem cell activity occurs in the embryonic stage and postnatally. Research supports that certain breast cancers contain a small sub-population of cells that mimic stem-like activity. It is believed stem cell activation in the mutated mature human mammary tissue is what drives quiescent epithelial cells to convert to mesenchymal states initiating migration, invasion, and metastasis in breast cancer. The goal of the work reported herein was to investigate early mammary development gene expression in the postnatal pig using fine needle biopsy methods in order to establish a reliable model for human breast cancer detection. Tissue samples were collected from pig mammary glands beginning at Day 11 of age through Day 39 in order to capture early postnatal-growth gene expression. Based on the initial clustering analysis, two distinct clusters of gene expression profiles occurred before and after Day 25 of mammary development. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) ontology indicated the cellular processes that changed after Day 25, and many of these processes were implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling events. Gene expression in the postnatal pig was compared with the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition gene database (dbEMT) confirming the presence of EMT activity in this early developmental program. Information from this study will provide insight into early postnatal mammary gland development. In addition, mechanisms exploited by mutated mammary epithelial cells leading to cancer initiation and growth may be detected considering that mutated mammary epithelial cells can reactivate early developmental signals.
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Labbé M, Hoey C, Ray J, Potiron V, Supiot S, Liu SK, Fradin D. microRNAs identified in prostate cancer: Correlative studies on response to ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:63. [PMID: 32293453 PMCID: PMC7087366 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most frequently diagnosed non-skin cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer-related death, understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive treatment resistance in prostate cancer poses a significant clinical need. Radiotherapy is one of the most widely used treatments for prostate cancer, along with surgery, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. However, inherent radioresistance of tumor cells can reduce local control and ultimately lead to poor patient outcomes, such as recurrence, metastasis and death. The underlying mechanisms of radioresistance have not been fully elucidated, but it has been suggested that miRNAs play a critical role. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in every signaling pathway of the cell, with one miRNA often having multiple targets. By fine-tuning gene expression, miRNAs are important players in modulating DNA damage response, cell death, tumor aggression and the tumor microenvironment, and can ultimately affect a tumor’s response to radiotherapy. Furthermore, much interest has focused on miRNAs found in biofluids and their potential utility in various clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNA deregulation after irradiation and the associated functional outcomes, with a focus on prostate cancer. In addition, we discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers to diagnose, predict response to treatment, and prognosticate patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Labbé
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Christianne Hoey
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Ray
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Potiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Stéphane Supiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Stanley K Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto and Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Delphine Fradin
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
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The Microrna-143/145 Cluster in Tumors: A Matter of Where and When. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030708. [PMID: 32192092 PMCID: PMC7140083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment and spreading of cancer involve the acquirement of many biological functions including resistance to apoptosis, enhanced proliferation and the ability to invade the surrounding tissue, extravasate from the primary site, survive in circulating blood, and finally extravasate and colonize distant organs giving origin to metastatic lesions, the major cause of cancer deaths. Dramatic changes in the expression of protein coding genes due to altered transcription factors activity or to epigenetic modifications orchestrate these events, intertwining with a microRNA regulatory network that is often disrupted in cancer cells. microRNAs-143 and -145 represent puzzling players of this game, with apparently contradictory functions. They were at first classified as tumor suppressive due to their frequently reduced levels in tumors, correlating with cell survival, proliferation, and migration. More recently, pro-oncogenic roles of these microRNAs have been described, challenging their simplistic definition as merely tumor-suppressive. Here we review their known activities in tumors, whether oncogenic or onco-suppressive, and highlight how their expression and functions are strongly dependent on their complex regulation downstream and upstream of cytokines and growth factors, on the cell type of expression and on the specific tumor stage.
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Wang J, Zhang C, Wu Y, He W, Gou X. Identification and analysis of long non-coding RNA related miRNA sponge regulatory network in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:327. [PMID: 31827401 PMCID: PMC6892182 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory network of lncRNAs as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) based on gene expression data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Materials and methods RNA sequence profiles and clinical information from 414 BUC tissues and 19 non-tumor adjacent tissues were downloaded from TCGA. Differentially expressed RNAs derived from BUC and non-tumor adjacent samples were identified using the R package “edgeR”. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was performed using the “clusterProfiler” package. Gene ontology and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were analyzed for the differentially expressed mRNAs using the “STRING” database. The network for the dysregulated lncRNA associated ceRNAs was then constructed for BUC using miRcode, miRTarBase, miRDB, and TargetScan. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic RNAs associated with BUC overall survival (OS). Survival analysis for the independent prognostic RNAs within the ceRNA network was calculated using Kaplan–Meier curves. Results Based on our analysis, a total of 666, 1819 and 157 differentially expressed lncRNAs, mRNAs and miRNAs were identified respectively. The ceRNA network was then constructed and contained 59 lncRNAs, 23 DEmiRNAs, and 52 DEmRNAs. In total, 5 lncRNAs (HCG22, ADAMTS9-AS1, ADAMTS9-AS2, AC078778.1, and AC112721.1), 2 miRNAs (hsa-mir-145 and hsa-mir-141) and 6 mRNAs (ZEB1, TMEM100, MAP1B, DUSP2, JUN, and AIFM3) were found to be related to OS. Two lncRNAs (ADAMTS9-AS1 and ADAMTS9-AS2) and 4 mRNA (DUSP2, JUN, MAP1B, and TMEM100) were validated using GEPIA. Thirty key hub genes were identified using the ranking method of degree. KEGG analysis demonstrated that the majority of the DEmRNAs were involved in pathways associated with cancer. Conclusion Our findings provide an understanding of the important role of lncRNA–related ceRNAs in BUC. Additional experimental and clinical validations are required to support our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawu Wang
- 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengyao Zhang
- 2Department of Head and Neck Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- 3Department of General Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyang He
- 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Gou
- 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
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31
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Liu X, Fu Y, Zhang G, Zhang D, Liang N, Li F, Li C, Sui C, Jiang J, Lu H, Zhao Z, Dionigi G, Sun H. miR-424-5p Promotes Anoikis Resistance and Lung Metastasis by Inactivating Hippo Signaling in Thyroid Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 15:248-260. [PMID: 31890869 PMCID: PMC6921161 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
miR-424-5p has been widely identified to function as an oncomiR in multiple human cancer types. However, the biological function of miR-424-5p in distant metastasis of thyroid cancer, as well as the underlying mechanism, remains not clarified yet. In the current study, miR-424-5p expression was elucidated in 10 paired fresh thyroid cancer tissues and the thyroid cancer dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Lung metastasis colonization models in vivo and functional assays in vitro were used to determine the role of miR-424-5p in thyroid cancer. Bioinformatics analysis, western blot, luciferase reporter, and immunofluorescence assays were applied to identify the potential targets and underlying mechanism involved in the functional role of miR-424-5p in lung metastasis of thyroid cancer. Here, we reported that miR-424-5p was upregulated in thyroid cancer, and overexpression of miR-424-5p significantly correlated with distant metastasis of thyroid cancer. Upregulating miR-424-5p promoted, whereas silencing miR-424-5p inhibited, anoikis resistance in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigation further revealed that miR-424-5p promoted anoikis resistance and lung metastasis by inactivating Hippo signaling via simultaneously targeting WWC1, SAV1, and LAST2. Therefore, our results support the idea that miR-424-5p may serve as a potential therapeutic target in lung metastasis of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Yantao Fu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Daqi Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Nan Liang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Fang Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Changlin Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Chengqiu Sui
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Jinxi Jiang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Hongzhi Lu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division for Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi," University Hospital "G. Martino," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130033, China
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Han Z, Zhan R, Chen S, Deng J, Shi J, Wang W. miR-181b/Oncostatin m axis inhibits prostate cancer bone metastasis via modulating osteoclast differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1664-1674. [PMID: 31680294 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The activation of osteoblasts is significantly correlated to prostate tumor bone metastasis and bone loss. Oncostatin M (OSM) could promote breast cancer metastasis to bone. However, its role and mechanism in prostate cancer bone metastasis remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could play important roles in cancers via post-transcriptionally regulating target genes via binding to specific sequences in the 3' UTR of downstream target genes. In the present study, we performed microarray profiling analyses to identify differentially-expressed miRNAs in preosteoclast before and after osteoclast differentiation that could target OSM. miR-181b-5p was downregulated during Raw264.7 cells differentiation into osteoclast. By direct targeting OSM 3' UTR, miR-181b-5p inhibited OSM messenger RNA expression and protein levels, subsequently decreasing IL-6 and AREG and increasing OPG, while OSM overexpression exerted an opposing effect. More importantly, co-culture with miR-181b-5p-overexpressing differentiated Raw264.7 cells suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of mouse prostate cancer RM-1 cells, while co-culture with OSM-overexpressing Raw264.7 cells led to opposing cellular effects. More importantly, the effects of miR-181b-5p on osteoclastogenic factors and RM-1 cells could be significantly reversed by OSM overexpression. In summary, miR-181b-5p/OSM axis could be a viable therapeutic target for patients with surgically removed primary tumors to reduce bone metastasis and prevent bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruisen Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shijie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ruan X, Liu A, Zhong M, Wei J, Zhang W, Rong Y, Liu W, Li M, Qing X, Chen G, Li R, Liao Y, Liu Q, Zhang X, Ren D, Wang Y. Silencing LGR6 Attenuates Stemness and Chemoresistance via Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Ovarian Cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2019; 14:94-106. [PMID: 31193124 PMCID: PMC6517611 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich-repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptors (LGRs) have been widely found to be implicated with development and progression in multiple cancer types. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of LGR6 in ovarian cancer remains unclear. In this study, LGR6 expression was mainly examined by immunohistochemistry. Functional assays in vitro and animal experiments in vivo were carried out to explore the effect of LGR6 on cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics and chemotherapeutic responses in ovarian cancer cells. Luciferase assays and GSEA were used to discern the underlying mechanisms contributing to the roles of LGR6 in ovarian cancer. Here, we reported that LGR6 was upregulated in ovarian cancer, which positively correlated with poor chemotherapeutic response and progression survival in ovarian cancer patients. Loss-of-function assays showed that downregulating LGR6 abrogated the CSC-like phenotype and chemoresistance in vitro. More importantly, silencing LGR6 improved the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin in vivo. Mechanistic investigation further revealed that silencing LGR6 inhibited stemness and chemoresistance by repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Collectively, our results uncover a novel mechanism contributing to LGR6-induced chemotherapeutic resistance in ovarian cancer, providing the evidence for LGR6 as a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Ruan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aibin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meigong Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangmen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Jihong Wei
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingrou Rong
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanmin Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Li
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Qing
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaowen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ronggang Li
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Liao
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiongru Liu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People’s Republic of China
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Wa Q, Huang S, Pan J, Tang Y, He S, Fu X, Peng X, Chen X, Yang C, Ren D, Huang Y, Liao Z, Huang S, Zou C. miR-204-5p Represses Bone Metastasis via Inactivating NF-κB Signaling in Prostate Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:567-579. [PMID: 31678733 PMCID: PMC6838892 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The prime issue derived from prostate cancer (PCa) is its high prevalence to metastasize to bone. MicroRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) has been reported to be involved in the development and metastasis in a variety of cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of miR-204-5p in bone metastasis of PCa are still not reported yet. In this study, we find that miR-204-5p expression is reduced in PCa tissues and serum sample with bone metastasis compared with that in PCa tissues and serum sample without bone metastasis, which is associated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and poor bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Moreover, upregulation of miR-204-5p inhibits the migration and invasion of PCa cells in vitro, and importantly, upregulating miR-204-5p represses bone metastasis of PCa cells in vivo. Our results further demonstrated that miR-204-5p suppresses invasion, migration, and bone metastasis of PCa cells via inactivating nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling by simultaneously targeting TRAF1, TAB3, and MAP3K3. In clinical PCa samples, miR-204-5p expression negatively correlates with TRAF1, TAB3, and MAP3K3 expression and NF-κB signaling activity. Therefore, our findings reveal a new mechanism underpinning the bone metastasis of PCa, as well as provide evidence that miR-204-5p might serve as a novel serum biomarker in bone metastasis of PCa. This study identifies a novel functional role of miR-204-5p in bone metastasis of prostate cancer and supports the potential clinical value of miR-204-5p as a serum biomarker in bone metastasis of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingde Wa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 563003 Zunyi, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 563003 Zunyi, China
| | - Jincheng Pan
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofu He
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510260 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangwen Liao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510260 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510260 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Changye Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China.
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Fardi M, Alivand M, Baradaran B, Farshdousti Hagh M, Solali S. The crucial role of ZEB2: From development to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer complexity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14783-14799. [PMID: 30773635 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is a DNA-binding transcription factor, which is mainly involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a conserved process during which mature and adherent epithelial-like state is converted into a mobile mesenchymal state. Emerging data indicate that ZEB2 plays a pivotal role in EMT-induced processes such as development, differentiation, and malignant mechanisms, for example, drug resistance, cancer stem cell-like traits, apoptosis, survival, cell cycle arrest, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. In this regard, the understanding of mentioned subjects in the development of normal and cancerous cells could be helpful in cancer complexity of diagnosis and therapy. In this study, we review recent findings about the biological properties of ZEB2 in healthy and cancerous states to find new approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Fardi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Solali
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Dai Y, Wu Z, Lang C, Zhang X, He S, Yang Q, Guo W, Lai Y, Du H, Peng X, Ren D. Copy number gain of ZEB1 mediates a double-negative feedback loop with miR-33a-5p that regulates EMT and bone metastasis of prostate cancer dependent on TGF-β signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:6063-6079. [PMID: 31534537 PMCID: PMC6735523 DOI: 10.7150/thno.36735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The reciprocal repressive loop between ZEB1 and miRNAs has been extensively reported to play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis of various human tumor types. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role and the underlying mechanism of the double-negative feedback loop between ZEB1and miR-33a-5p in bone metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: miR-33a-5p expression was examined in 40 bone metastatic and 165 non-bone metastatic PCa tissues by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical correlation between miR-33a-5p expression and clinicopathological characteristics, and overall and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. The biological roles of miR-33a-5p in bone metastasis of PCa were investigated both by EMT and the Transwell assay in vitro, and by a mouse model of left cardiac ventricle inoculation in vivo. siRNA library, real-time PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were used to identify the underlying mechanism responsible for the decreased expression of miR-33a-5p in PCa. Bioinformatics analysis, Western blotting and luciferase reporter analysis were employed to examine the relationship between miR-33a-5p and its potential targets. Clinical correlation of miR-33a-5p with its targets was examined in human PCa tissues and primary PCa cells. Results: miR-33a-5p expression was downregulated in PCa tissues with bone metastasis and bone-derived cells, and low expression of miR-33a-5p strongly and positively correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics, and shorter overall and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Upregulating miR-33a-5p inhibited, while silencing miR-33a-5p promoted EMT, invasion and migration of PCa cells. Importantly, upregulating miR-33a-5p significantly repressed bone metastasis of PC-3 cells in vivo. Our results further revealed that recurrent ZEB1 upregulation induced by copy number gains transcriptionally inhibited miR-33a-5p expression, contributing to the reduced expression of miR-33a-5p in bone metastatic PCa tissues. In turn, miR-33a-5p formed a double negative feedback loop with ZEB1 in target-independent manner, which was dependent on TGF-β signaling. Finally, the clinical negative correlations of miR-33a-5p with ZEB1 expression and TGF-β signaling activity were demonstrated in PCa tissues and primary PCa cells. Conclusion: Our findings elucidated that copy number gains of ZEB1-triggered a TGF-β signaling-dependent miR-33a-5p-mediated negative feedback loop was highly relevant to the bone metastasis of PCa.
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Liu X, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Huang M, Deng W, Wang Y, Zhou X, Chen L, Li Y, Zeng T, Wang G, Fu B. Celecoxib inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer via the miRNA-145/TGFBR2/Smad3 axis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:683-693. [PMID: 31198976 PMCID: PMC6605707 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, has chemo-preventive activity against different cancer types, including bladder cancer (BC). However, the mechanisms by which celecoxib exerts its cancer preventative effects have yet to be completely understood. In the present study, the effect of celecoxib on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BC cells and its potential molecular mechanisms were investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that celecoxib inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of BC cells. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that celecoxib inhibited EMT by upregulating microRNA (miR)-145 and downregulating the expression of transforming growth factor β receptor 2 and SMAD family member 3. Furthermore, the combination of celecoxib with miR-145 mimics demonstrated an additive migration and invasion-inhibitory effect in BC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yanlong Wu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Mingchuan Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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The role of miRNAs as biomarkers in prostate cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:165-174. [PMID: 31416574 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an urged need of non-invasive biomarkers for the implementation of precision medicine. These biomarkers are required to these days for improving prostate cancer (PCa) screening, treatment or stratification in current clinical strategies. There are several commercial kits (Oncotype DX genomic prostate score®, Prolaris®, among others) that use genomic changes, rearrangement or even non-coding RNA events. However, none of them are currently used in the routine clinical practice. Many recent studies indicate that miRNAs are relevant molecules (small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression of more than 30% of human genes) to be implement non-invasive biomarkers. However, contrasting to others tumors, such as breast cancer where miR-21 seems to be consistently upregulated; PCa data are controversial. Here we reported an extended revision about the role of miRNAs in PCa including data of AR signaling, cell cycle, EMT process, CSCs regulation and even the role of miRNAs as PCa diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tool. It is known that current biomedical research uses big-data analysis like Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis. We also conducted an extensive online search, including the main platforms and kits for miRNAs massive analysis (like MiSeq, Nextseq 550, or Ion S5™ systems) indicating their pros, cons and including pre-analytical and analytical issues of miRNA studies.
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Li W, Li S, Yang J, Cui C, Yu M, Zhang Y. ITGBL1 promotes EMT, invasion and migration by activating NF-κB signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3753-3763. [PMID: 31190876 PMCID: PMC6529605 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Integrin beta-like 1 (ITGBL1) was extensively demonstrated to contribute the metastasis and progression in a variety of cancers. However, its role of ITGBL1 in prostate cancer (PCa) is still not reported. Methods: Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot were performed to detect ITGBL1 expression in PCa tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of ITGBL1 in 174 PCa tissues was performed. The influence of ITGL1 expression in PCa cells epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion was investigated. Notably, the possible mechanisms underlying the action of ITGBL1 in vivo and vitro assays were explored. Results: We analyzed PCa dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found that ITGBL1 was upregulated in PCa tissues. Overexpression of ITGBL1 is positively associated with the progression and lymph node metastasis in PCa patients. Furthermore, upregulating ITGBL1 enhanced the invasion, migration abilities and EMT in PCa cells. Conversely, downregulating ITGBL1 exhibited an opposite effect. Our findings further demonstrated that ITGBL1 promoted invasion and migration via activating NF-κB signaling in PCa cells. Conclusion: Therefore, our results identify a novel metastasis-related gene in PCa, which will help to develop a novel therapeutic strategy in metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First hospital of Xiangtan city, Xiangtan 411101, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuren Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First hospital of Xiangtan city, Xiangtan 411101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First hospital of Xiangtan city, Xiangtan 411101, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Cui
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Center for Private Medical Service and Healthcare, The First Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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40
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Liu Q, Chen J, Wang B, Zheng Y, Wan Y, Wang Y, Zhou L, Liu S, Li G, Yan Y. Retracted: miR-145 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion by targeting ZEB2 in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8409-8418. [PMID: 30525209 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a major event that drives cancer progression. Here we aim to investigate the role of microRNA, miR-145, in regulating EMT of the highly invasive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that miR-145 was downregulated in cancer tissue compared with that in adjacent normal tissue. NSCLC cell lines, namely H1299, PC7, and SPCA-1, also demonstrated miR-145 downregulation, which is correlated well with their invasive ability, assessed by the Matrigel invasion assay. miR-145 overexpression resulted in downregulation of N-cadherin, and downregulation of vimentin and E-cadherin, suggesting a decreased EMT activity. TargetScan analysis predicted that a binding site exists between miR-145 and an oncogene, ZEB2, which was verified using the dual-luciferase assay. Alteration of miR-145 expression also induced inverse effects on ZEB2 expression, and a negative correlation exists between ZEB2 and miR-145 in human tissues. ZEB2 and miR-145 also exerted antagonizing effects on the invasion of NSCLC cells. Therefore, miR-145 is an important molecule in NSCLC that regulates cancer EMT through targeting ZEB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Liu
- Medical Ward 20, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baolan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufeng Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Zhuang S, Liu F, Wu P. Retracted
: Upregulation of long noncoding RNA TUG1 contributes to the development of laryngocarcinoma by targeting miR‐145‐5p/ROCK1 axis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13392-13402. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenfa Zhuang
- Department of Otolaryngology Jining First People's Hospital of Shandong Province Jining Shandong China
| | - Fengxian Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Pingping Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Jining First People's Hospital of Shandong Province Jining Shandong China
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42
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Peng P, Chen T, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Zheng F, Huang S, Tang Y, Yang C, Ding W, Ren D, Huang Z, Guo Y. Decreased miR-218-5p Levels as a Serum Biomarker in Bone Metastasis of Prostate Cancer. Oncol Res Treat 2019; 42:165-185. [PMID: 30870834 DOI: 10.1159/000495473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-218-5p is an extensively studied microRNA (miRNA) in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the clinical significance and biological role of miR-218-5p in bone metastasis of PCa remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS miR-218-5p expression was evaluated in 38 bone metastatic and 115 non-bone metastatic PCa tissues and serum samples. Clinical correlation of miR-218-5p expression with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The biological roles of miR-218-5p in bone metastasis of PCa were investigated in vitro by invasion and migration assays. Bioinformatics analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and luciferase reporter assay were applied to discern and examine the relationship between miR-218-5p and its potential targets. RESULTS miR-218-5p expression was reduced in bone metastatic PCa tissue and serum samples, which positively correlated with poor clinicopathological characteristics and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Upregulating miR-218-5p repressed PCa cell invasion and migration. Furthermore, miR-218-5p inhibited NF-κB signaling via simultaneously targeting TRAF1, TRAF2, and TRAF5, which suppressed the invasion and migration abilities of PCa cells. ROC curve analysis of miR-218-5p in the serum of PCa patients exhibited an area under the curve of 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.80-0.92, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that miR-218-5p might represent a novel serum biomarker for bone metastasis of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhuhai Second People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhuhai Second People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Fangfang Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Clinical Cytogenetics, Suzhou Precision Medicine Scientific Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhuhai Second People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongwen Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China,
| | - Yuanqing Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Xu H, Cao T, Zhang X, Shi Y, Zhang Q, Chai S, Yu L, Jin G, Ma J, Wang P, Li Y. Nitidine Chloride Inhibits SIN1 Expression in Osteosarcoma Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 12:224-234. [PMID: 30847386 PMCID: PMC6389778 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitidine chloride (NC) has been demonstrated to exert a tumor-suppressive function in various types of human cancers. However, the detailed mechanism of NC-mediated anti-tumor effects remains elusive. It has been reported that SIN1, a component of mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex C2), plays an oncogenic role in a variety of human cancers. Therefore, the inhibition of SIN1 could be useful for the treatment of human cancers. In this study, we explored whether NC triggered an anti-cancer function via the inhibition of SIN1 in osteosarcoma (OS) cells. An MTT assay was performed to measure the effect of NC on the cell growth of osteosarcoma cells, and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rate of the cells after NC treatment. The expression of SIN1 was detected by western blotting. Wound-healing assay and Transwell chamber invasion assay were conducted to analyze the motility of osteosarcoma cells following NC exposure. We found that exposure to NC led to the inhibition of cell growth, migration, and invasion and the induction of apoptosis. Mechanistically, we found that NC inhibited the expression of SIN1 in osteosarcoma cells. Overexpression of SIN1 abrogated the inhibition of cell growth and motility induced by NC in osteosarcoma cells. Our results indicate that NC exhibits its tumor-suppressive activity via the inhibition of SIN1 in osteosarcoma cells, suggesting that NC could be a potential inhibitor of SIN1 in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Tong Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Center Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Shuo Chai
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Guoxi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Peter Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Yuyun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
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Moustafa AA, Kim H, Albeltagy RS, El-Habit OH, Abdel-Mageed AB. MicroRNAs in prostate cancer: From function to biomarker discovery. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 243:817-825. [PMID: 29932371 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218775657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small functional non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression through mRNA degradation or translational repression. miRNAs are key regulatory components of various cellular networks. Current evidence support that multiple mammalian genome-encoded miRNAs impact the cellular biology, including proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and tumorigenesis, by targeting specific subsets of mRNAs. This minireview is focused on the current themes underlying the interactions between miRNAs and their mRNA targets and pathways in prostate tumorigenesis and progression, and their potential clinical utility as biomarkers for prostate cancer. Impact statement The primary goal of this article was to review recent literature on miRNA biogenesis and further elaborate on the identity of newly discovered miRNAs and their potential functional significance in the complex biological network associated with prostate tumorigenesis and disease progression and as biomarkers for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Moustafa
- 1 Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Hogyoung Kim
- 2 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Rasha S Albeltagy
- 1 Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Ola H El-Habit
- 1 Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Asim B Abdel-Mageed
- 2 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,3 Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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45
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Lu Q, Guo Z, Qian H. Role of microRNA-150-5p/SRCIN1 axis in the progression of breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2221-2229. [PMID: 30867707 PMCID: PMC6396020 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a group of endogenous small non-coding RNAs, which serve a role in many biological processes through the regulation of target genes. In the current study, miR-150-5p expression was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. To investigate the cellular function and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-150-5p in breast cancer, TargetScan7.2 was used to identify miR-150-5p target genes. SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1 (SRCIN1) was identified as a direct target gene of miR-150-5p and the current study demonstrated that SRCIN1 was negatively regulated by miR-150-5p in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, SRCIN1 expression was significantly down-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Taken together, these results demonstrated that there was a negative association between miR-150-5p and SRCIN1 in breast cancer. The CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to examine breast cancer cell viability, invasion and migration ability. The current study demonstrated that over-expression of miR-150-5p enhanced breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. In addition, miR-150-5p over-expression increased the expression of mesenchymal cell markers (vimentin, N-cadherin and β-catenin) and decreased the expression of epithelial cell markers (E-cadherin and zonula occludens-1). By contrast, miR-150-5p knockdown inhibited breast cancer cell viability, invasion and migration. Additionally, miR-150-5p knockdown decreased the expression of mesenchymal cell markers and increased the expression of epithelial cell markers. Taken together, these results suggest that the miR-150-5p/SRCIN1 axis may be a potential target in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoji Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Haixin Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Wang X, Sun D, Tai J, Chen S, Hong S, Wang L. ZNF280A Promotes Proliferation and Tumorigenicity via Inactivating the Hippo-Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 12:204-213. [PMID: 30847384 PMCID: PMC6389780 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of zinc-finger proteins has been extensively reported to contribute to malignant progression in a variety of cancers. However, clinical significance and biological roles of ZNF280A in the field of cancer are poorly known. In this study, the expression of ZNF280A was detected in clinical colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. Functional experiments in vitro and animal experiment in vivo were performed to measure the effect of ZNF280A on the proliferation and tumorigenesis in CRC cells. Western blot and luciferase assays were used to identify the underlying pathway mediating the biological roles of ZNF280A in CRC. Here we report that ZNF280A was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells and a high expression of ZNF280A correlated with tumor, lymph node, and metastasis (TNM) classifications, clinical stage, and predicted poor prognosis and disease progression in CRC patients. Moreover, silencing ZNF280A repressed proliferation and induced G0 and/or G1 arrest in vitro, and it inhibited tumorigenesis of CRC cells in vivo. Our results further demonstrate that silencing ZNF280A inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells by activating Hippo signaling. Therefore, our results uncover a novel mechanistic understanding of ZNF280A-mediated tumor progression in CRC, and meanwhile they provide a novel prognostic factor in CRC patients and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
| | - Jiandong Tai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
| | - Sen Hong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
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Huang S, Zou C, Tang Y, Wa Q, Peng X, Chen X, Yang C, Ren D, Huang Y, Liao Z, Huang S, Zou X, Pan J. miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p Suppress Prostate Cancer Metastasis to Bone by Repressing TGF-β Signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:91-104. [PMID: 30852380 PMCID: PMC6409413 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies have reported that aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) closely correlates with the bone metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa). However, clinical significance and functional roles of both strands of a single miRNA in bone metastasis of PCa remain undefined. Here, we reported that miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p expression were simultaneously reduced in bone metastatic PCa tissues compared with non-bone metastatic PCa tissues. Downexpression of miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p strongly and positively correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and shorter bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Upregulating miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p inhibited invasion and migration abilities of PCa cells in vitro, as well as repressed bone metastasis in vivo. Our results further revealed that miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p attenuated bone metastasis of PCa via inhibiting transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling by simultaneously targeting several components of TGF-β signaling, including SMAD2, SMAD4, TGF-β receptor I (TGFBRI), and TGFBRII. Moreover, deletion contributes to miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p downexpression in PCa tissues. Finally, clinical negative correlations of miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p with SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBRI, and TGFBRII were demonstrated in PCa tissues. Thus, our findings explore a novel tumor-suppressive miRNA with its both strands implicated in bone metastasis of PCa, suggesting its potential therapeutic value in treatment of PCa bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510260 Guangzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 510080 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Changye Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingde Wa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 563003 Zunyi, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 510080 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510260 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangwen Liao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510260 Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 510080 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jincheng Pan
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, China.
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Liu X, Fu Q, Li S, Liang N, Li F, Li C, Sui C, Dionigi G, Sun H. LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 Functions as a Competing Endogenous RNA to Regulate TERT Expression by Sponging miR-7-5p in Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:207. [PMID: 31024447 PMCID: PMC6463795 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA FOXD2 Adjacent Opposite Strand RNA 1 (FOXD2-AS1) has been widely reported to be implicated in the progression and recurrence of several cancers. The clinical significance and functional role of FOXD2-AS1 in thyroid carcinoma remain unknown. FOXD2-AS1 expression was evaluated by analyzing thyroid cancer RNA sequencing dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to assess the biological roles of FOXD2-AS1 in thyroid cancer cells. Western blot, luciferase, immunoprecipitation (IP), and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to identify the underlying miRNA and mRNA target mediating the biological roles of FOXD2-AS1 in thyroid cancer cells. FOXD2-AS1 was upregulated in thyroid carcinoma tissues and cells. High expression of FOXD2-AS1 significantly correlated with clinical stage, recurrence of thyroid carcinoma. Silencing FOXD2-AS1 inhibited cancer stem cell-like phenotypes and attenuates the anoikis resistance in vitro. Downregulating FOXD2-AS1 represses the tumorigenesis of thyroid carcinoma cells in vivo. FOXD2-AS1 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-7-5p, up-regulating the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which further promotes the cancer stem cells features and anoikis resistance in thyroid cancer cells. Our findings indicate that FOXD2-AS1 functions as an oncogenic regulator in the development of thyroid cancer, contributing to early recurrence of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingfeng Fu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Liang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changlin Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chengqiu Sui
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division for Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University Hospital “G. Martino”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Sun
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49
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Neural Transcription Factors in Disease Progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1210:437-462. [PMID: 31900920 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progression to the malignant state is fundamentally dependent on transcriptional regulation in cancer cells. Optimum abundance of cell cycle proteins, angiogenesis factors, immune evasion markers, etc. is needed for proliferation, metastasis or resistance to treatment. Therefore, dysregulation of transcription factors can compromise the normal prostate transcriptional network and contribute to malignant disease progression.The androgen receptor (AR) is considered to be a key transcription factor in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. Consequently, androgen pathway inhibitors (APIs) are currently the mainstay in PCa treatment, especially in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, emerging evidence suggests that with increased administration of potent APIs, prostate cancer can progress to a highly aggressive disease that morphologically resembles small cell carcinoma, which is referred to as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), treatment-induced or treatment-emergent small cell prostate cancer. This chapter will review how neuronal transcription factors play a part in inducing a plastic stage in prostate cancer cells that eventually progresses to a more aggressive state such as NEPC.
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50
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Aghdam SG, Ebrazeh M, Hemmatzadeh M, Seyfizadeh N, Shabgah AG, Azizi G, Ebrahimi N, Babaie F, Mohammadi H. The role of microRNAs in prostate cancer migration, invasion, and metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9927-9942. [PMID: 30536403 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered the most prevalent malignancy and the second major cause of cancer-related death in males from Western countries. PCa exhibits variable clinical pictures, ranging from dormant to highly metastatic cancer. PCa suffers from poor prognosis and diagnosis markers, and novel biomarkers are required to define disease stages and to design appropriate therapeutic approach by considering the possible genomic and epigenomic differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a class of small noncoding RNAs, which have remarkable functions in cell formation, differentiation, and cancer development and contribute in these processes through controlling the expressions of protein-coding genes by repressing translation or breaking down the messenger RNA in a sequence-specific method. miRNAs in cancer are able to reflect informative data about the current status of disease and this might benefit PCa prognosis and diagnosis since that is concerned to PCa patients and we intend to highlight it in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Golabi Aghdam
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Seyfizadeh
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negin Ebrahimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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