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Kabakchieva P, Gateva A, Hristova J, Georgiev T, Kamenov Z. Analysis of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Levels in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Context of Hormonal and Metabolic Alterations and Across the Classical Phenotypes. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:634-641. [PMID: 35235418 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ovarian folliculogenesis requires a fine balance between extra- and intra-ovarian factors. Endocannabinoids are found in the female reproductive system and are essential for a normal follicular growing process and ovulation. First, our study aimed to analyze levels of the endocannabinoid-2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)-in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to compare with healthy controls. In addition, the study aimed to explore the association of 2-AG with hormonal and metabolic alterations, ovulatory dysfunction, and the presence of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) across the classical PCOS phenotypes. Methods: Fifty-four women with PCOS were compared with 26 healthy controls. PCOS patients were diagnosed and phenotyped according to the Rotterdam criteria. Further analyses were performed with the classical PCOS phenotypes A and B comprising hyperandrogenism with oligo-anovulation with or without PCOM, respectively. Full medical history, clinical investigations, anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests, and ultrasound investigations were carried out in the follicular phase. Serum levels of 2-AG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: PCOS patients (n=54) and healthy controls (n=26) showed similar metabolic parameters and anthropometric characteristics. PCOS patients were more hirsute than healthy women (p=0.001). Luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio and serum levels of androgens were significantly higher in the patient than in the control group (p=0.035, p<0.001, respectively). Free androgen index was also higher in the patient group (p=0.002). Serum levels of 2-AG did not significantly differ when comparing all PCOS patients versus healthy controls; however, further analysis of individual phenotype groups revealed that 2-AG levels in PCOS patients with phenotyope A (n=30) were significantly lower when compared with PCOS patients with phenotype B (n=20) and healthy controls (n=26). Conclusion: Serum levels of 2-AG were similar between PCOS patients and healthy controls. Nevertheless, phenotype A PCOS patients had significantly lower levels of the endocannabinoid compared with phenotype B patients and healthy controls. Collectively, these results suggest that overall serum levels of 2-AG are not a diagnostic marker for PCOS; however, their altered secretion or activity may influence normal follicular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plamena Kabakchieva
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Internal Diseases, Naval Hospital-Varna, Military Medical Academy, Bulgaria
| | - Antoaneta Gateva
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Julieta Hristova
- Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetoslav Georgiev
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "St. Marina", First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Zdravko Kamenov
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Saadeldin IM, Tanga BM, Bang S, Seo C, Maigoro AY, Kang H, Cha D, Yun SH, Kim SI, Lee S, Cho J. Isolation, characterization, proteome, miRNAome, and the embryotrophic effects of chicken egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles). Sci Rep 2023; 13:4204. [PMID: 36918605 PMCID: PMC10014936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg yolk constitutes about a third of the structure of the chicken egg however, the molecular structure and physiological effects of egg yolk-derived lipid membranous vesicles are not clearly understood. In this study, for the first record, the egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles, VVs) were isolated, characterized, and used as a supplement for porcine embryo culture. Yolks of ten freshly oviposited eggs were filtered and ultracentrifuged at 100,000 × g for 3 h to obtain a pellet. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis of the pellet revealed bilipid membranous vesicles. Protein contents of the pellet were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry and the miRNA content was also profiled through BGISEQ-500 sequencer. VVs were supplemented with the in vitro culture medium of day-7 hatched parthenogenetic blastocysts. After 2 days of blastocyst culture, the embryonic cell count was increased in VVs supplemented embryos in comparison to the non-supplemented embryos. TUNEL assay showed that apoptotic cells were increased in control groups when compared with the VVs supplemented group. Reduced glutathione was increased by 2.5 folds in the VVs supplemented group while reactive oxygen species were increased by 5.3 folds in control groups. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that VVs significantly increased the expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes (monoglyceride lipase and lipase E), anti-apoptotic gene (BCL2), and superoxide dismutase, while significantly reducing apoptotic gene (BAX). Culturing embryos on Matrigel basement membrane matrix indicated that VVs significantly enhanced embryo attachment and embryonic stem cell outgrowths compared to the non-supplemented group. This considers the first report to characterize the molecular bioactive cargo contents of egg yolk nanovesicles to show their embryotrophic effect on mammalian embryos. This effect might be attributed to the protein and miRNA cargo contents of VVs. VVs can be used for the formulation of in vitro culture medium for mammalian embryos including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Saadeldin
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Seo
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdulkadir Y Maigoro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Kang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Cha
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Yun
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Fang X, Tanga BM, Bang S, Seong G, Saadeldin IM, Lee S, Cho J. Oviduct epithelial cells-derived extracellular vesicles improve preimplantation developmental competence of in vitro produced porcine parthenogenetic and cloned embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 89:54-65. [PMID: 34843136 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry bioactive cargoes involved in the early preimplantation development. This study investigated the effects of EVs obtained from an oviductal epithelial cell (OEC) conditioned medium on the developmental competence of in parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) porcine embryos. The OEC-EV-treated group showed significant increases in blastocyst formation and hatching rates compared to the control group (40.8% ± 2.2% and 20.1% ± 2.1% vs. 24.9% ± 2.0% and 5.3% ± 1.1%; p < 0.05), respectively. The 7 day OEC-EVs treatment group significantly increased blastocyst formation rate than the 3 day and 0 day-groups (45.0 ± 0.8 vs. 33.0 ± 0.7 and 26.7 ± 0.5; p < 0.05), respectively. SCNT revealed that the OEC-EV increased blastocyst formation rate compared to that of oviductal fluid EVs (OF-EVs) (35.4% ± 1.4% vs. 29.3% ± 1.3%; p < 0.05). Reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis, and blastocyst lipid content were significantly decreased in the OEC-EVs group compared with the control group. OEC-EV group showed a significantly decreased BAX and increased BCL2, SOD1, POU5F1, SOX2, NANOG, GATA6, PNPLA2, LIPE, and MGLL gene expression than the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, OEC-EVs supplementation in embryo culture media improved the quality of porcine embryos, potentially helping porcine-cloned embryonic development possibly through transfer of messenger RNA and proteins to the early embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Fang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeonghwan Seong
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Islam M Saadeldin
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Matorras R, Exposito A, Ferrando M, Mendoza R, Larreategui Z, Laínz L, Aranburu L, Andrade F, Aldámiz-Echevarria L, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Ruiz-Sanz JI. Oocytes of women who are obese or overweight have lower levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with oocytes of women with normal weight. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cecconi S, Rapino C, Di Nisio V, Rossi G, Maccarrone M. The (endo)cannabinoid signaling in female reproduction: What are the latest advances? Prog Lipid Res 2019; 77:101019. [PMID: 31862482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis extracts like marijuana have the highest consumption rate worldwide. Yet, their societal acceptance as recreational and therapeutic drugs could represent a serious hazard to female human reproduction, because cannabis ingredients [termed (phyto)cannabinoids] can perturb an endogenous system of lipid signals known as endocannabinoids. Accumulated evidence on animal models and humans has demonstrated a crucial role of these endogenous signals on different aspects of female reproduction, where they act through an ensamble of proteins that synthesize, transport, degrade and traffic them. Several reports have recently evidenced the potential role of endocannabinoids as biomarkers of female infertility for disease treatment and prevention, as well as their possible epigenetic effects on pregnancy. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of data collected in the last decade on the effects of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids on female reproductive events, from development and maturation of follicles and oocytes, to fertilization, oviductal transport, implantation and labor. In this context, a particular attention has been devoted to the ovary and the production of fertilizable oocytes, because recent studies have addressed this hot topic with conflicting results among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cecconi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Rapino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Valentina Di Nisio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Gianna Rossi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64 - 00143 Rome, Italy.
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Role of Major Endocannabinoid-Binding Receptors during Mouse Oocyte Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122866. [PMID: 31212770 PMCID: PMC6627642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoids are key-players of female fertility and potential biomarkers of reproductive dysfunctions. Here, we investigated localization and expression of cannabinoid receptor type-1 and -2 (CB1R and CB2R), G-protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel (TRPV1) in mouse oocytes collected at different stages of in vivo meiotic maturation (germinal vesicle, GV; metaphase I, MI; metaphase II, MII) through qPCR, confocal imaging, and western blot. Despite the significant decrease in CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55 mRNAs occurring from GV to MII, CB2R and GPR55 protein contents increased during the same period. At GV, only CB1R was localized in oolemma, but it completely disappeared at MI. TRPV1 was always undetectable. When oocytes were in vitro matured with CB1R and CB2R but not GPR55 antagonists, a significant delay of GV breakdown occurred, sustained by elevated intraoocyte cAMP concentration. Although CBRs antagonists did not affect polar body I emission or chromosome alignment, GPR55 antagonist impaired in ~75% of oocytes the formation of normal-sized MI and MII spindles. These findings open a new avenue to interrogate oocyte pathophysiology and offer potentially new targets for the therapy of reproductive alterations.
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Role of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 in Insulin Resistance and Its Biological Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092109. [PMID: 31035653 PMCID: PMC6540410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous cannabinoids (ECs) are lipid-signaling molecules that specifically bind to cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2 (CB1R and CB2R) and are highly expressed in central and many peripheral tissues under pathological conditions. Activation of hepatic CB1R is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired metabolic function, owing to increased energy intake and storage, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, and enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Additionally, blocking peripheral CB1R improves insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism and also reduces hepatic steatosis and body weight in obese mice. Thus, targeting EC receptors, especially CB1R, may provide a potential therapeutic strategy against obesity and insulin resistance. There are many CB1R antagonists, including inverse agonists and natural compounds that target CB1R and can reduce body weight, adiposity, and hepatic steatosis, and those that improve insulin sensitivity and reverse leptin resistance. Recently, the use of CB1R antagonists was suspended due to adverse central effects, and this caused a major setback in the development of CB1R antagonists. Recent studies, however, have focused on development of antagonists lacking adverse effects. In this review, we detail the important role of CB1R in hepatic insulin resistance and the possible underlying mechanisms, and the therapeutic potential of CB1R targeting is also discussed.
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Spatial distribution of cannabinoid receptor 1 and fatty acid amide hydrolase in the cat ovary and oviduct. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:417-422. [PMID: 28478955 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in female reproduction has been extensively described in humans with the cognate receptors and ligands being found in the ovaries and genital tract. In human, an imbalance of the endocannabinoid system is linked with both ectopic pregnancy and infertility. In bovine species anandamide levels regulate aspects of sperm-oviduct interaction. Here we report the immunohistochemical distribution of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in cat ovary and oviduct, using paraffin-embedded tissue samples and commercially available antibodies. We found a differential expression of both CB1R and FAAH during different stages of ovarian function and in the oviduct. CB1R was detected only in tertiary follicle granulosa cells while more immature follicles were negative. FAAH was instead found in ovarian pre-antral follicles, the oocyte cytoplasm, and in granulosa cells of primary, secondary and tertiary follicles. Secondary and tertiary follicles were also FAAH immunoreactive. Luteal cells were immunopositive for both CB1R and FAAH. Because CBR1 in oviduct was found only in ciliated cells, it might represent a specific marker at least in cats. In contrast, FAAH immunoreactivity was observed in both ciliated and non-ciliated cells. The present study may thus serve as the starting point for further investigations on the role of the endocannabinoid system in cat reproduction. Additional work will be needed to assess whether the morphological distribution of CB1R and FAAH changes in different conditions such as pre-pubertal age, follicular phase of the sexual cycle and pregnancy.
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López-Cardona AP, Pérez-Cerezales S, Fernández-González R, Laguna-Barraza R, Pericuesta E, Agirregoitia N, Gutiérrez-Adán A, Agirregoitia E. CB 1 cannabinoid receptor drives oocyte maturation and embryo development via PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. FASEB J 2017; 31:3372-3382. [PMID: 28428264 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601382rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids have been recognized as mediators of practically all reproductive events in mammals. However, little is known about the role of this system in oocyte maturation. In a mouse model, we observed that activation of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) during in vitro oocyte maturation modulated the phosphorylation status of Akt and ERK1/2 and enhanced the subsequent embryo production. In the absence of CB1, in vivo oocyte maturation was impaired and embryo development delayed. Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) was unable to rescue these effects. Finally, we confirmed abnormal oocyte maturation rather than impaired embryonic transport through the oviduct in CB1 knockouts. Our data suggest that cannabinoid agonists may be useful in vitro maturation supplements. For in vitro fertilization patients intolerant to gonadotropins, this could be a promising and only option.-López-Cardona, A. P., Pérez-Cerezales, S., Fernández-González, R., Laguna-Barraza, R., Pericuesta, E., Agirregoitia, N., Gutiérrez-Adán, A., Agirregoitia, E. CB1 cannabinoid receptor drives oocyte maturation and embryo development via PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patricia López-Cardona
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain.,Groupo de Investigación (G.I.)-Biogénesis, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Serafín Pérez-Cerezales
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Fernández-González
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Laguna-Barraza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Pericuesta
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Naiara Agirregoitia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia
| | - Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ekaitz Agirregoitia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia
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