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Hao J, Li T, Heinzelmann M, Moussaud-Lamodière E, Lebre F, Krjutškov K, Damdimopoulos A, Arnelo C, Pettersson K, Alfaro-Moreno E, Lindskog C, van Duursen M, Damdimopoulou P. Effects of chemical in vitro activation versus fragmentation on human ovarian tissue and follicle growth in culture. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae028. [PMID: 38803550 PMCID: PMC11128059 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the effect of the chemical in vitro activation (cIVA) protocol compared with fragmentation only (Frag, also known as mechanical IVA) on gene expression, follicle activation and growth in human ovarian tissue in vitro? SUMMARY ANSWER Although histological assessment shows that cIVA significantly increases follicle survival and growth compared to Frag, both protocols stimulate extensive and nearly identical transcriptomic changes in cultured tissue compared to freshly collected ovarian tissue, including marked changes in energy metabolism and inflammatory responses. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Treatments based on cIVA of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in ovarian tissue followed by auto-transplantation have been administered to patients with refractory premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and resulted in live births. However, comparable effects with mere tissue fragmentation have been shown, questioning the added value of chemical stimulation that could potentially activate oncogenic responses. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION Fifty-nine ovarian cortical biopsies were obtained from consenting women undergoing elective caesarean section (C-section). The samples were fragmented for culture studies. Half of the fragments were exposed to bpV (HOpic)+740Y-P (Frag+cIVA group) during the first 24 h of culture, while the other half were cultured with medium only (Frag group). Subsequently, both groups were cultured with medium only for an additional 6 days. Tissue and media samples were collected for histological, transcriptomic, steroid hormone, and cytokine/chemokine analyses at various time points. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS Effects on follicles were evaluated by counting and scoring serial sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin before and after the 7-day culture. Follicle function was assessed by quantification of steroids by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry at different time points. Cytokines and chemokines were measured by multiplex assay. Transcriptomic effects were measured by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of the tissue after the initial 24-h culture. Selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated by quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence in cultured ovarian tissue as well as in KGN cell (human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell line) culture experiments. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Compared to the Frag group, the Frag+cIVA group exhibited a significantly higher follicle survival rate, increased numbers of secondary follicles, and larger follicle sizes. Additionally, the tissue in the Frag+cIVA group produced less dehydroepiandrosterone compared to Frag. Cytokine measurement showed a strong inflammatory response at the start of the culture in both groups. The RNA-seq data revealed modest differences between the Frag+cIVA and Frag groups, with only 164 DEGs identified using a relaxed cut-off of false discovery rate (FDR) <0.1. Apart from the expected PI3K-protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, cIVA also regulated pathways related to hypoxia, cytokines, and inflammation. In comparison to freshly collected ovarian tissue, gene expression in general was markedly affected in both the Frag+cIVA and Frag groups, with a total of 3119 and 2900 DEGs identified (FDR < 0.001), respectively. The top enriched gene sets in both groups included several pathways known to modulate follicle growth such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)C1 signaling. Significant changes compared to fresh tissue were also observed in the expression of genes encoding for steroidogenesis enzymes and classical granulosa cell markers in both groups. Intriguingly, we discovered a profound upregulation of genes related to glycolysis and its upstream regulator in both Frag and Frag+cIVA groups, and these changes were further boosted by the cIVA treatment. Cell culture experiments confirmed glycolysis-related genes as direct targets of the cIVA drugs. In conclusion, cIVA enhances follicle growth, as expected, but the mechanisms may be more complex than PI3K-Akt-mTOR alone, and the impact on function and quality of the follicles after the culture period remains an open question. LARGE SCALE DATA Data were deposited in the GEO data base, accession number GSE234765. The code for sequencing analysis can be found in https://github.com/tialiv/IVA_project. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Similar to the published IVA protocols, the first steps in our study were performed in an in vitro culture model where the ovarian tissue was isolated from the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Further in vivo experiments will be needed, for example in xeno-transplantation models, to explore the long-term impacts of the discovered effects. The tissue collected from patients undergoing C-section may not be comparable to tissue of patients with POI. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The general impact of fragmentation and short (24 h) in vitro culture on gene expression in ovarian tissue far exceeded the effects of cIVA. Yet, follicle growth was stimulated by cIVA, which may suggest effects on specific cell populations that may be diluted in bulk RNA-seq. Nevertheless, we confirmed the impact of cIVA on glycolysis using a cell culture model, suggesting impacts on cellular signaling beyond the PI3K pathway. The profound changes in inflammation and glycolysis following fragmentation and culture could contribute to follicle activation and loss in ovarian tissue culture, as well as in clinical applications, such as fertility preservation by ovarian tissue auto-transplantation. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study was funded by research grants from European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Project ERIN No. 952516, FREIA No. 825100), Swedish Research Council VR (2020-02132), StratRegen funding from Karolinska Institutet, KI-China Scholarship Council (CSC) Programme and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan (2022JJ40782). International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Research was funded by the European Union's H2020 Project Sinfonia (857253) and SbDToolBox (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000047), supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund. No competing interests are declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Heinzelmann
- Department of Environment and Health, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Moussaud-Lamodière
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filipa Lebre
- Nanosafety Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Kaarel Krjutškov
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Catarina Arnelo
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Pettersson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Cecilia Lindskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer Precision Medicine Research Program, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Majorie van Duursen
- Department of Environment and Health, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Tabandeh MR, Jozaie S, Ghotbedin Z, Gorani S. Dimethyl itaconic acid improves viability and steroidogenesis and suppresses cytokine production in LPS-treated bovine ovarian granulosa cells by regulating TLR4/nfkβ, NLRP3, JNK signaling pathways. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:89-98. [PMID: 35933803 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The stimulation of pro-inflammatory pathways by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins is a key player in the pathological mechanisms involved in the development of ovarian dysfunctions in dairy cows. Dimethyl itaconate acid (DMIA) is a novel immunometabolite that has recently emerged as a regulator of inflammatory responses in mammals. The present study was undertaken to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of DMIA on bovine granulosa cells (GCs) and to explore its possible molecular mechanisms. The ovarian GCs were obtained from small follicles of dairy cows. The GCs were stimulated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 4 h and then treated with 250 μM DMIA for 12 h. The viability, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and synthesis of steroid hormones were evaluated in treated GCs. Our results showed that DMIA reduced the inflammatory responses in LPS stimulated GCs by down-regulating the expression of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, and toll-like receptor 4 and by suppressing the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B and c-Jun N-terminal kinase proteins. DMIA also attenuated the increased production of pro inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1 beta (p < 0.01) in LPS stimulated GCs. Exposure of LPS stimulated GCs to DMIA improved the impaired steroidogenesis by up-regulation of steroid synthesis genes including 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, follicle stimulating hormone receptor and cytochrome P450 aromatase. The results of the present study highlight the potential role of itaconic acid for the improvement of GCs inflammation in dairy cows with ovarian dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Sadegh Jozaie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zohre Ghotbedin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saad Gorani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Sabry R, Williams M, Werry N, LaMarre J, Favetta LA. BPA Decreases PDCD4 in Bovine Granulosa Cells Independently of miR-21 Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158276. [PMID: 35955412 PMCID: PMC9368835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are susceptible to environmental factors that might affect cellular function and impose negative effects on female reproduction. miR-21 is the most abundant miRNA in bovine granulosa cells and is widely reported as affected by Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure, yet the cause and consequences are not entirely elucidated. BPA is a synthetic endocrine disruptor associated with poor fertility. miR-21 function in bovine granulosa cells is investigated utilizing locked nucleic acid (LNA) oligonucleotides to suppress miR-21. Before measuring apoptosis and quantifying miR-21 apoptotic targets PDCD4 and PTEN, transfection was optimized and validated. BPA was introduced to see how it affects miR-21 regulation and which BPA-mediated effects are influenced by miR-21. miR-21 knockdown and specificity against additional miRNAs were confirmed. miR-21 was found to have antiapoptotic effects, which could be explained by its effect on the proapoptotic target PDCD4, but not PTEN. Previous findings of miR-21 overexpression were validated using BPA treatments, and the temporal influence of BPA on miR-21 levels was addressed. Finally, BPA effects on upstream regulators, such as VMP1 and STAT3, explain the BPA-dependent upregulation of miR-21 expression. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of miR-21 function in granulosa cells and the mechanisms of BPA-induced reproductive impairment.
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Baufeld A, Vanselow J. Lactate-induced effects on bovine granulosa cells are mediated via PKA signaling. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:471-477. [PMID: 34985545 PMCID: PMC9035423 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
L-lactate acts as a signaling molecule in bovine granulosa cells (GCs). The initiated alterations depend on the transport of L-lactate into the cells via monocarboxylate transporters. In the present study, we further elucidated the intracellular actions of L-lactate and tested whether the PKA signaling pathway is involved. Therefore, we treated cultured bovine GCs with L-lactate and PKA inhibitors H-89 and KT5720, and with an activator of PKA, 6-Bnz-cAMP. L-lactate treatment resulted in decreased estradiol production and downregulation of CYP19A1, FSHR, and LHCGR as well as in the upregulation of the markers of early luteinization PTX3, RGS2, and VNN2. These specific L-lactate effects were almost completely abolished by pre-treatment of the GCs with both inhibitors of PKA signaling. In addition, also the L-lactate-induced upregulation of LDHA and of the monocarboxylate transporters SLC16A1 and SLC16A7 was abolished after PKA inhibition. An activation of the PKA with 6-Bnz-cAMP revealed similar effects on the gene expression like L-lactate alone. In summary, the presented data demonstrate that L-lactate-induced effects on GCs are mediated via PKA signaling thus supporting the role of L-lactate as signaling molecule during the folliculo-luteal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baufeld
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, Dummerstorf, 18196, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, Dummerstorf, 18196, Germany.
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Expression of FMRpolyG in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Women with Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 Gene Premutation. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030451. [PMID: 35328005 PMCID: PMC8951797 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) is characterized by oligo/amenorrhea and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and is caused by the expansion of the CGG repeat in the 5′UTR of Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1). Approximately 20% of women carrying an FMR1 premutation (PM) allele (55–200 CGG repeat) develop FXPOI. Repeat Associated Non-AUG (RAN)-translation dependent on the variable CGG-repeat length is thought to cause FXPOI, due to the production of a polyglycine-containing FMR1 protein, FMRpolyG. Peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMCs) and granulosa cells (GCs) were collected to detect FMRpolyG and its cell type-specific expression in FMR1 PM carriers by immunofluorescence staining (IF), Western blotting (WB), and flow cytometric analysis (FACS). For the first time, FMRpolyG aggregates were detected as ubiquitin-positive inclusions in PBMCs from PM carriers, whereas only a weak signal without inclusions was detected in the controls. The expression pattern of FMRpolyG in GCs was comparable to that in the lymphocytes. We detected FMRpolyG as a 15- to 25-kDa protein in the PBMCs from two FMR1 PM carriers, with 124 and 81 CGG repeats. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that FMRpolyG was significantly higher in the T cells from PM carriers than in those from non-PM carriers. The detection of FMRpolyG aggregates in the peripheral blood and granulosa cells of PM carriers suggests that it may have a toxic potential and an immunological role in ovarian damage in the development of FXPOI.
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Yenuganti VR, Koczan D, Vanselow J. Genome wide effects of oleic acid on cultured bovine granulosa cells: evidence for the activation of pathways favoring folliculo-luteal transition. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:486. [PMID: 34187362 PMCID: PMC8243882 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic stress, as negative energy balance on one hand or obesity on the other hand can lead to increased levels of free fatty acids in the plasma and follicular fluid of animals and humans. In an earlier study, we showed that increased oleic acid (OA) concentrations affected the function of cultured bovine granulosa cells (GCs). Here, we focus on genome wide effects of increased OA concentrations. RESULTS Our data showed that 413 genes were affected, of which 197 were down- and 216 up-regulated. Specifically, the expression of FSH-regulated functional key genes, CCND2, LHCGR, INHA and CYP19A1 and 17-β-estradiol (E2) production were reduced by OA treatment, whereas the expression of the fatty acid transporter CD36 was increased and the morphology of the cells was changed due to lipid droplet accumulation. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that associated pathways of the putative upstream regulators "FSH" and "Cg (choriogonadotropin)" were inhibited and activated, respectively. Down-regulated genes are over-represented in GO terms "reproductive structure/system development", "ovulation cycle process", and "(positive) regulation of gonadotropin secretion", whereas up-regulated genes are involved in "circulatory system development", "vasculature development", "angiogenesis" or "extracellular matrix/structure organization". CONCLUSIONS From these data we conclude that besides inhibiting GC functionality, increased OA levels seemingly promote angiogenesis and tissue remodelling, thus suggestively initiating a premature fulliculo-luteal transition. In vivo this may lead to impeded folliculogenesis and ovulation, and cause sub-fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengala Rao Yenuganti
- Animal Biology Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telagana, India.
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute for Immunology, University of Rostock, 18055, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Paulini F, Melo EO. Effects of Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 overexpression on the steroidogenic metabolism in bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:837-847. [PMID: 33683747 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) play important roles in the regulation of ovarian functions, and in vitro culture is a relevant model for the study of steroidogenesis in ovarian follicles. Thus, growth factors secreted by the oocyte, like Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15), play an important part in the luteinization of granulosa cells. The aim of this work was to express GDF9 and BMP15 genes in bovine GCs in vitro and evaluate their effects on the luteinization process. Samples of culture medium and GCs transfected with GDF9 and BMP15 were obtained for 21 consecutive days to analyse the steroidogenic hormones' concentration (progesterone (P4 ) and estradiol (E2 )) and the expression of STAR, GDF9 and BMP15 and their respective receptors. The results demonstrated an inhibitory effect of GDF9 and BMPF15 on P4 secretion in bovine GCs cultured in vitro. Moreover, our study demonstrated the entire expression of their respective receptors (TGFBR1, BMPR1B and BMPR2) and the inhibition of the steroidogenic marker, STAR gene. This work sheds light on a novel biological function of BMP15 and GDF9 in bovine GCs physiology, which could elucidate a non-described biological role for GDF9 and BMP15 in bovine granulosa cells' metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Paulini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eduardo O Melo
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Tocantins-UFT, Gurupi, Brazil
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Faheem MS, Dessouki SM, Abdel-Rahman FES, Ghanem N. Physiological and molecular aspects of heat-treated cultured granulosa cells of Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 224:106665. [PMID: 33307488 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The physiological and molecular responses of granulosa cells (GCs) from buffalo follicles were investigated when there were in vitro heat stress conditions imposed. The cultured GCs were heat-treated at 40.5 °C for 24, 48 or 72 h while GCs of the control group were not heat-treated (37 °C). There were no differences in viability between control and heat-treated groups. There was an upward trend in increase in E2 secretion as the duration of heat stress advanced, being greater (P ≤ 0.05) for the GCs on which heat stress was imposed for 72 as compared with 24 h. In contrast, P4 release was less (P ≤ 0.05) from GCs heat-treated for 48 h than those cultured for 24 h and GCs of the control group. The relative abundance of ATP5F1A and SOD2 mRNA transcripts was consistent throughout the period when there was imposing of heat stress to sustain mitochondrial function. The relative abundance of CPT2 transcript was less in heat-treated GCs than in GCs of the control group. There was a greater relative abundance of SREBP1 and TNF-α mRNA transcripts after 48 h of heat-treatment of GCs than GCs of the control group. In conclusion, the results from the current study indicate buffalo GCs cultured when there was imposing of heat stress maintained normal viability, steroidogenesis and transcriptional profile. The stability of antioxidant status and increased transcription of genes regulating cholesterol biosynthesis and stress resistance may be defense mechanisms of buffalo GCs against heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S Faheem
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Cairo University Research Park (CURP) Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Sherif M Dessouki
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Cairo University Research Park (CURP) Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Nasser Ghanem
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Cairo University Research Park (CURP) Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Pöhland R, Souza-Cácares MB, Datta TK, Vanselow J, Martins MIM, da Silva WAL, Cardoso CJT, Melo-Sterza FDA. Influence of long-term thermal stress on the
in vitro maturation on embryo development and Heat Shock Protein abundance in zebu cattle. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20190085. [PMID: 33029207 PMCID: PMC7534571 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2019-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of long-term temperature stress during the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes on the in vitro embryo production (IVP) and the abundance of HSP70 and HSP90 in zebu cattle. Viable cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C, 38.5 °C, or 40 °C for the low-, physiological, and high-temperature stress treatments, respectively. Thereafter, they were subjected to in vitro fertilization and culture. Temperature did not affect the polar body extrusion. However, IVP was adversely affected when IVM took place at 37 °C and 40 °C. The highest abundance of HSP70 was observed in cumulus cells after maturation of COCs at 40 °C. In contrast, HSP70 was more abundant in oocytes at both 37 °C and 40 °C; however, at 40 °C, the difference to the control group (38.5 °C) was not significant. In contrast, the highest abundance of HSP90 was observed in oocytes and cumulus cells at 37 °C. It appears that HSP70 and HSP90 respond to cold and heat stress in different ways. In conclusion, moderately high (40 °C) and low (37 °C) thermal stress for 24 h during IVM is detrimental to the developmental competence of oocyte and is accompanied by changes in the abundances of HSP70 and HSP90, especially in cumulus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Pöhland
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | | | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- National Dairy Research Institute, Animal Biotechnology Centre, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Fabiana de Andrade Melo-Sterza
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, MS, Brasil
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Baddela VS, Sharma A, Michaelis M, Vanselow J. HIF1 driven transcriptional activity regulates steroidogenesis and proliferation of bovine granulosa cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3906. [PMID: 32127571 PMCID: PMC7054295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is a heterodimeric transcription factor, consisting of a constitutively expressed β-subunit (HIF1B) and a regulated α-subunit (HIF1A). In the present study, we analyzed the HIF1 driven transcriptional activity in bovine granulosa cells (GC). Treatment of GC with FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) resulted in the upregulation of HIF1A mRNA expression under normoxia. Immunohistochemistry of bovine ovarian sections showed distinct staining of HIF1A in the GC layer of different staged ovarian follicles. Suppression of HIF1 using echinomycin and gene knockdown procedures revealed that HIF1 transcriptionally regulates the genes associated with steroidogenesis (STAR, HSD3B and CYP19A1) and proliferation (CCND2 and PCNA) of GC. Further, our data suggest that CYP19A1, the key gene of estradiol production, is one of the plausible downstream targets of HIF1 in bovine GC as shown by gene expression, radioimmunoassay, and chromatin precipitation analysis. Based on these results, we propose that HIF1 driven transcriptional activity plays a crucial role in GC functionality, especially steroidogenesis and proliferation in developing bovine ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Simha Baddela
- Experimental Reproductive Biology Unit, Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Arpna Sharma
- Experimental Reproductive Biology Unit, Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Marten Michaelis
- Reproductive Biochemistry Unit, Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Experimental Reproductive Biology Unit, Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Bezerra MÉS, Barberino RS, Menezes VG, Gouveia BB, Macedo TJS, Santos JMS, Monte APO, Barros VRP, Matos MHT. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) promotes primordial follicle growth and reduces DNA fragmentation through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signalling pathway. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1503-1513. [PMID: 29843892 DOI: 10.1071/rd17332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the morphology and follicular activation of ovine preantral follicles cultured in situ and whether the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway is involved in IGF-1 action in the sheep ovary. Ovine ovarian fragments were fixed for histological and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) analyses (fresh control) or cultured in supplemented alpha-minimum essential medium (α-MEM+; control) or α-MEM+ with IGF-1 (1, 10, 50, 100 or 200ngmL-1) for 7 days. Follicles were classified as normal or atretic, primordial or growing and the oocyte and follicle diameters were measured. DNA fragmentation was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry was performed on the fresh control, α-MEM+ and 100ngmL-1 IGF-1 samples. Inhibition of PI3K activity was performed through pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) expression was analysed after culture in the absence or presence of LY294002. IGF-1 at 100ngmL-1 increased (P<0.05) follicular activation compared with α-MEM+ and decreased TUNEL-positive cells (P<0.05) compared with other treatments. PCNA-positive cells also increased (P<0.05) in 100ngmL-1 IGF-1. LY294002 significantly inhibited follicular activation stimulated by α-MEM+ and 100ngmL-1 IGF-1 and reduced pAKT expression in follicles. Overall, IGF-1 at 100ngmL-1 promoted primordial follicle activation, cell proliferation and reduced DNA fragmentation after in situ culture through the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria É S Bezerra
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Ricássio S Barberino
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Vanúzia G Menezes
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Bruna B Gouveia
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Taís J S Macedo
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Jamile M S Santos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Alane P O Monte
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R P Barros
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria H T Matos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
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12
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Du B, Liu LH, Lv YJ, Ai H. Systems Pharmacology Uncovers Multiple Mechanisms of Erxian Decoction () for Treatment of Premature Ovarian Failure. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 26:106-113. [PMID: 31385218 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the chemical compositions and drug targets and to systematically dissect the pharmacological mechanism of Erxian Decoction (, EXD) as a treatment for premature ovarian failure (POF) using a systems pharmacology approach. METHODS The compounds present in EXD were obtained from three databases. The active ingredient was identified by analyzing the values of oral bioavailability (OB), drug-likeness (DL), and Lipinski's rule (LR). The active ingredients were further searched in research articles, drug targets in the DrugBank database, and the C-T and T-P networks, as well as by pathway analysis using the Cytoscape platform. RESULTS A total of 728 compounds were identified in EXD. Of these, 59 were identified as active compounds that conformed to the criteria with OB ⩾30% and DL ⩾0.18. By further searches in the literature, 126 related targets were identified that could interact with the active compounds. Additionally, it was found that the beneficial effects of EXD in POF are probably exerted via regulation of the immune system, modulation of estrogen levels, and anti-oxidative activities, and that it may act in a synergistic or cooperative manner with other therapeutic agents. CONCLUSIONS The systems pharmacology approach is a comprehensive system that was used to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of EXD as a treatment for POF. The results of this study will also facilitate the application of traditional medicine in modern treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Du
- Key laboratory of Follicular Development and Reproductive Health of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Li-Hong Liu
- Key laboratory of Follicular Development and Reproductive Health of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Yu-Juan Lv
- Key laboratory of Follicular Development and Reproductive Health of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Hao Ai
- Key laboratory of Follicular Development and Reproductive Health of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
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13
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Baufeld A, Koczan D, Vanselow J. L-lactate induces specific genome wide alterations of gene expression in cultured bovine granulosa cells. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:273. [PMID: 30953450 PMCID: PMC6451254 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previously, we could show that L-lactate affects cultured bovine granulosa cells (GC) in a specific manner driving the cells into an early pre-ovulatory phenotype. Here we studied genome wide effects in L-lactate-treated GC to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms that are responsible for the L-lactate induced transformation. Cultured estrogen producing GC treated either with L-lactate or vehicle control were subjected to mRNA microarray analysis. Results The analysis revealed 487 differentially expressed clusters, representing 461 annotated genes. Of these, 333 (= 318 genes) were identified as up- and 154 (= 143 genes) as down-regulated. As the top up-regulated genes we detected TXNIP, H19 and AHSG as well as our previously established marker transcripts RGS2 and PTX3. The top down-regulated genes included VNN1, SLC27A2 and GFRA1, but also MYC and the GC marker transcript CYP19A1. Pathway analysis with differentially expressed genes indicated “cAMP-mediated signaling” and “Axon guidance signaling” among the most affected pathways. Furthermore, estradiol, progesterone and Vegf were identified as potential upstream regulators. An effector network analysis by IPA provided first hints that processes of “angiogenesis” and “vascularization”, but also “cell movement” appeared to be activated, whereas “organismal death” was predicted to be inhibited. Conclusions Our data clearly show that L-lactate alters gene expression in cultured bovine GC in a broad, but obviously specific manner. Pathway analysis revealed that the mode of L-lactate action in GC initiates angiogenic processes, but also migratory events like cell movement and axonal guidance signaling, thus supporting the transformation of GC into an early luteal phenotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5657-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baufeld
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute for Immunology, University of Rostock, 18055, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Genes responsible for proliferation, differentiation, and junction adhesion are significantly up-regulated in human ovarian granulosa cells during a long-term primary in vitro culture. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 151:125-143. [PMID: 30382374 PMCID: PMC6394675 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) surround the oocyte and form the proper architecture of the ovarian follicle. The ability of GCs to proliferate and differentiate in the conditions of in vitro culture has been proven. However, there is still a large field for extensive investigation of molecular basics, as well as marker genes, responsible for these processes. This study aimed to find the new marker genes, encoding proteins that regulate human GCs in vitro capability for proliferation and differentiation during long-term primary culture. The human follicular GCs were collected from hyper-stimulated ovarian follicles during IVF procedures and transferred to a long-term in vitro culture. The culture lasted for 30 days, with RNA samples isolated at days 1, 7, 15, 30. Transcriptomic analysis was then performed with the use of Affymetrix microarray. Obtained results were then subjected to bioinformatical evaluation and sorting. After subjecting the datasets to KEGG analysis, three differentially expressed ontology groups "cell differentiation" (GO:0030154), "cell proliferation" (GO:0008283) and "cell-cell junction organization" (GO:0045216) were chosen for further investigation. All three of those ontology groups are involved in human GCs' in vitro lifespan, proliferation potential, and survival capability. Changes in expression of genes of interest belonging to the chosen GOs were validated with the use of RT-qPCR. In this manuscript, we suggest that VCL, PARVA, FZD2, NCS1, and COL5A1 may be recognized as new markers of GC in vitro differentiation, while KAT2B may be a new marker of their proliferation. Additionally, SKI, GLI2, FERMT2, and CDH2 could also be involved in GC in vitro proliferation and differentiation processes. We demonstrated that, in long-term in vitro culture, GCs exhibit markers that suggest their ability to differentiate into different cells types. Therefore, the higher expression profile of these genes may also be associated with the induction of cellular differentiation processes that take place beyond the long-term primary in vitro culture.
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15
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Baufeld A, Vanselow J. A Tissue Culture Model of Estrogen-producing Primary Bovine Granulosa Cells. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30247464 PMCID: PMC6235104 DOI: 10.3791/58208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells (GC) are the major source of estradiol synthesis. Induced by the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, cells of the theca and, in particular, of the granulosa cell layer profoundly change their morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics and form the progesterone-producing corpus luteum that is responsible for maintaining pregnancy. Cell culture models are essential tools to study the underlying regulatory mechanisms involved in the folliculo-luteal transformation. The presented protocol focuses on the isolation procedure and cryopreservation of bovine GC from small- to medium-sized follicles (< 6 mm). With this technique, a nearly pure population of GC can be obtained. The cryopreservation procedure greatly facilitates time management of the cell culture work independent of a direct primary tissue (ovaries) supply. This protocol describes a serum-free cell culture model that mimics the estradiol-active status of bovine GC. Important conditions that are essential for a successful steroid-active cell culture are discussed throughout the protocol. It is demonstrated that increasing the plating density of the cells induces a specific response as indicated by an altered gene expression profile and hormone production. Furthermore, this model provides a basis for further studies on GC differentiation and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baufeld
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN);
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN)
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Baufeld A, Vanselow J. Lactate promotes specific differentiation in bovine granulosa cells depending on lactate uptake thus mimicking an early post-LH stage. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:15. [PMID: 29463248 PMCID: PMC5819637 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The LH-induced folliculo-luteal transformation is connected with alterations of the gene expression profile in cells of the granulosa layer. It has been described that hypoxic conditions occur during luteinization, thus favoring the formation of L-lactate within the follicle. Despite being a product of anaerobic respiration, L-lactate has been shown to act as a signaling molecule affecting gene expression in neuronal cells. During the present study, we tested the hypothesis that L-lactate may influence differentiation of follicular granulosa cells (GC). METHODS In a bovine granulosa cell culture model effects of L- and D-lactate, of increased glucose concentrations and of the lactate transport inhibitor UK5099 were analyzed. Steroid hormone production was analyzed by RIA and the abundance of key transcripts was determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS L-lactate decreased the production of estradiol and significantly affected selected genes of the folliculo-luteal transition as well as genes of the lactate metabolism. CYP19A1, FSHR, LHCGR were down-regulated, whereas RGS2, VNN2, PTX3, LDHA and lactate transporters were up-regulated. These effects could be partly or completely reversed by pre-treatment of the cells with UK5099. The non-metabolized enantiomer D-lactate had even more pronounced effects on gene expression, whereas increased glucose concentrations did not affect transcript abundance. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data suggest that L-lactate specifically alters physiological and molecular characteristics of GC. These effects critically depend on L-lactate uptake, but are not triggered by increased energy supply. Further, we could show that L-lactate has a positive feedback on the lactate metabolism. Therefore, we hypothesize that L-lactate acts as a signaling molecule in bovine and possibly other monovular species supporting differentiation during the folliculo-luteal transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baufeld
- 0000 0000 9049 5051grid.418188.cInstitute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- 0000 0000 9049 5051grid.418188.cInstitute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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Abstract
Culture of granulosa cells has for long provided a useful tool to understand the molecular processes underlying ovarian follicle development. Among all species investigated, cattle have become an excellent model for in vitro studies on follicular biology, both because of their resemblance with humans in terms of follicular biology and the importance of reproductive failure as a cause of lost productivity in the dairy industry. In this chapter, we describe up-to-date methods for the harvesting of granulosa cells from bovine ovaries collected post-mortem, as well as procedures for both culturing granulosa cells in an undifferentiated state and inducing their luteinization in vitro, and for the efficient transfection of granulosa cells with oligonucleotide sequences for the purpose of investigating the function of specific genes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra T Mohammed
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - F Xavier Donadeu
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
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Yenuganti VR, Vanselow J. Oleic acid induces down-regulation of the granulosa cell identity marker FOXL2, and up-regulation of the Sertoli cell marker SOX9 in bovine granulosa cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2017; 15:57. [PMID: 28747195 PMCID: PMC5530537 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-017-0276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During negative energy balance, the concentration of different fatty acids, especially of oleic acid (OA) increases in the follicular fluid of cattle. Previously, we showed that OA induced morphological, physiological and molecular changes in cultured bovine granulosa cells. In our present study we analyzed effects of OA on the expression of markers for granulosa and Sertoli cell identity, FOXL2 and SOX9, respectively, in addition to effects on the FOXL2 regulated genes ESR2, FST, PTGS2 and PPARG. The results showed that OA down-regulated FOXL2, ESR2, FST and PPARG but up-regulated PTGS2 and SOX9. From these data we conclude that OA can compromise granulosa cell functionality and may initiate trans-differentiation processes in bovine granulosa cells. This novel mechanism may be causally involved in postpartum fertility problems of lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengala Rao Yenuganti
- 0000 0000 9049 5051grid.418188.cInstitute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- 0000 0000 9049 5051grid.418188.cInstitute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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