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Roshdy K, Alsafy MAM, El-Gendy SAA, El-Mansi AA, Rezk S. Microscopic Focus on the Thyroid Follicles of the One-Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius). MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2024; 30:382-391. [PMID: 38442192 DOI: 10.1093/mam/ozae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The microstructure of the thyroid gland of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) was described using morphometric, histological, immunohistochemical staining, and ultrastructural standard techniques. The follicular secretory units of the thyroid glands displayed comparable and variable sizes where the large follicles were situated at the peripheral margins; however, the small ones were located in the central region. Semisquamous epithelium (low cuboidal) lined the large thyroid follicles, while high cuboidal (columnar) epithelium lined the small ones. Our electron microscopic findings revealed that the low-sized cuboidal follicular cells lack organelles and are hypoactive. The high cuboidal follicular cells are active cells and rich in cellular organelles such as cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, colloid droplets, scrolled Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles. A few degenerate follicular cells appeared on rare occasions. The parafollicular cells appeared with a more prominent and conspicuous nucleus than the follicular cells. The follicular cells were classified as active, inactive, or degenerated using transmission electron microscopy. The follicular and parafollicular cells showed calcitonin-positive immunoreactivity. Overall, the presented results showed particular convergences of the morphostructural aspects of the thyroid gland of C. dromedarius to that of other mammals with some distinctive features to cope with their physiology and harsh niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Roshdy
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Alsafy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Samir A A El-Gendy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Mansi
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Souza AF, Volpato ME, Hagen SCF, Takenaka CS, Maiorka PC, Ressio RA, Silva LCLC, Baccarin RYA. Ultimobranchial body cyst in an adult horse: clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024; 36:103-107. [PMID: 37997354 PMCID: PMC10734581 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231214498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A 9-y-old Mangalarga Marchador gelding was referred to a veterinary hospital because of a swelling on the upper right side of the neck. Ultrasound examination revealed a multilocular structure adjacent to the thyroid gland with low echogenic content suggestive of fluid. The mass was removed surgically. Histologically, the cystic cavities in the surgical sample were filled with abundant eosinophilic secreta and lined by cuboidal, segmentally ciliated, columnar epithelium with interspersed goblet cells. Segmental crowding of the multilayered lining of the cyst was noted. Immunohistochemistry suggested the presence of both C cells and follicular cells, given the positivity of the immunomarkers calcitonin and TTF-1, respectively. The histogenesis of ultimobranchial cysts is uncertain. Based on clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical identification, the cystic structure in this case is compatible with an ultimobranchial body cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson F. Souza
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria E. Volpato
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefano C. F. Hagen
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celina S. Takenaka
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. Maiorka
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luis C. L. C. Silva
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Y. A. Baccarin
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vázquez-Román V, Fernández-Santos JM, Martín-Lacave I. C-cell differentiation in the wall of an aberrant ultimobranchial sinus in the thyroid gland of an old rat. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:876-883. [PMID: 36370461 PMCID: PMC10029892 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mammals, the thyroid gland possesses two types of endocrine cells, follicular cells and C cells, which have different functions but share a similar endodermal origin (although from different regions of the primitive pharynx). Specifically, follicular cells derive from the ventral pharyngeal floor, while C cells derive from the fourth pair of pharyngeal pouches through the ultimobranchial bodies (UBBs). Disruptions to human midline thyroid morphogenesis are relatively frequent and known as thyroid dysgenesis, which is the leading cause of congenital hypothyroidism. In contrast, fourth branchial apparatus anomalies are very rare clinical entities. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the morphological features and the immunohistochemical pattern of an aberrant ultimobranchial remnant, align with its persistent contribution to the formation of new C cells. METHODS The thyroid gland of an old rat was serially sectioned and immunostained for the following markers: calcitonin, thyroglobulin, cytokeratins, PCNA, P63, E-cadherin, beta-tubulin and CD3. RESULTS We detected a spontaneous congenital defect in the organogenesis of the UBB in an old rat, giving rise to an 'ultimobranchial sinus', which was accompanied by thymic tissue and an abscess. The epithelium contained basal/stem cells and contributed to the formation of abundant C cells and scarce follicular cells. CONCLUSIONS The ultimobranchial sinus is an exceptional finding for representing the first spontaneous abnormality in the development of UBB reported in rats, and the opportunity to observe sustained C-cell differentiation from stem cells in an old rat. These findings are consistent with a common origin of both C cells and follicular cells from UBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Vázquez-Román
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain
| | - José M Fernández-Santos
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Inés Martín-Lacave
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain
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Bo-Yin Z, Qingsan Z, Yihang M, Fan Y, Yuhang Z, Pengyu C. Unlocking the Recovery Potential: JMJD3 Inhibition-Mediated SAPK/JNK Signaling Inactivation Supports Endogenous Oligodendrocyte-Lineage Commitment Post Mammalian Spinal Cord Injury. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:792-803. [PMID: 33428096 PMCID: PMC7946673 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) induced catastrophic neurological disability is often incurable at present. The injury triggered immediately oligodendrocytes loss and overwhelming demyelination are regarded as an insurmountable barrier to SCI recovery. To date, effective strategy to promote the endogenous oligodendrocytes replacement post SCI remains elusive. Epigenetic modifications are emerging as critical molecular switches of gene expression in CNS. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying oligodendrogenesis post SCI yet to be discovered. In this study, we report that H3K27me3 demethylase JMJD3 exists as a pivotal epigenetic regulator which manipulates the endogenous oligodendrogenesis post SCI. We found that JMJD3 inhibition promotes the oligodendrocyte linage commitment of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that JMJD3 inhibition mediated SAPK/JNK signaling inactivation is functionally necessary for endogenous oligodendrocyte-lineage commitment post SCI. Our results also suggested that JMJD3 is downstream of SAPK/JNK pathway, and capable of translates SCI induced SAPK/JNK signaling into epigenetic codes readable by spinal cord endogenous NPCs. Taken together, our findings provide novel evidence of JMJD3 mediated oligodendrocyte-lineage commitment orchestration post SCI, which would be a potential epigenetic approach to induce the mature mammalian endogenous recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Bo-Yin
- Orthopedics Surgery Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Zhu Qingsan
- Orthopedics Surgery Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Ma Yihang
- Orthopedics Surgery Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Orthopedics Surgery Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Zhu Yuhang
- Orthopedics Surgery Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
| | - Chang Pengyu
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Benvenga S, Micali A, Ieni A, Antonelli A, Fallahi P, Pallio G, Irrera N, Squadrito F, Picciolo G, Puzzolo D, Minutoli L. The Association of Myo-Inositol and Selenium Contrasts Cadmium-Induced Thyroid C Cell Hyperplasia and Hypertrophy in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:608697. [PMID: 33716965 PMCID: PMC7949001 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.608697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that, in addition to inducing structural changes in thyroid follicles, cadmium (Cd) increased the number of C cells. We examined the effects of myo-inositol (MI), seleno-L-methionine (Se), MI + Se, and resveratrol on C cells of mice exposed to cadmium chloride (Cd Cl2), as no data are currently available on the possible protective effects of these molecules. In contrast, we have previously shown this protective effect against CdCl2 on the thyroid follicles of mice. Ninety-eight C57 BL/6J adult male mice were divided into 14 groups of seven mice each: (i) 0.9% NaCl (vehicle; 1 ml/kg/day i.p.); (ii) Se (0.2 mg/kg/day per os); (iii) Se (0.4 mg/kg/day per os); (iv) MI (360 mg/kg/day per os); (v) Se (0.2 mg/kg/day) + MI; (vi) Se (0.4 mg/kg/day) + MI; (vii) resveratrol (20 mg/kg); (viii) CdCl2 (2 mg/kg/day i.p.) + vehicle; (ix) CdCl2 + Se (0.2 mg/kg/day); (x) CdCl2 + Se (0.4 mg/kg/day); (xi) CdCl2 + MI; (xii) CdCl2 + Se (0.2 mg/kg/day) + MI; (xiii) CdCl2 + Se (0.4 mg/kg/day) + MI; (xiv) CdCl2 + resveratrol (20 mg/kg). After 14 days, thyroids were processed for histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric evaluation. Compared to vehicle, Cd significantly decreased follicle mean diameter, increased CT-positive cells number, area and cytoplasmic density, and caused the disappearance of TUNEL-positive C cells, namely, the disappearance of C cells undergoing apoptosis. Se at either 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg/day failed to significantly increase follicular mean diameter, mildly decreased CT-positive cells number, area and cytoplasmic density, and was ineffective on TUNEL-positive C cells. Instead, MI alone increased significantly follicular mean diameter and TUNEL-positive cells number, and decreased significantly CT-positive cells number, area and cytoplasmic density. MI + Se 0.2 mg/kg/day or MI + Se 0.4 mg/kg/day administration improved all five indices more markedly. Indeed, follicular mean diameter and TUNEL-positive cells number increased significantly, while CT-positive cells number, area and cytoplasmic density decreased significantly. Thus, all five indices overlapped those observed in vehicle-treated mice. Resveratrol improved significantly all the considered parameters, with a magnitude comparable to that of MI alone. In conclusion, the association Myo + Se is effective in protecting the mouse thyroid from the Cd-induced hyperplasia and hypertrophy of C cells. This benefit adds to that exerted by Myo + Se on thyrocytes and testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Pallio,
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Picciolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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