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Ma Y, Jiang Q, Yang B, Hu X, Shen G, Shen W, Xu J. Platelet mitochondria, a potent immune mediator in neurological diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1210509. [PMID: 37719457 PMCID: PMC10502307 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1210509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the immune response is regarded as a prominent feature of neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, malignant tumors, acute neurotraumatic insult, and cerebral ischemic/hemorrhagic diseases. Platelets play a fundamental role in normal hemostasis and thrombosis. Beyond those normal functions, platelets are hyperactivated and contribute crucially to inflammation and immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Mitochondria are pivotal organelles in platelets and are responsible for generating most of the ATP that is used for platelet activation and aggregation (clumping). Notably, platelet mitochondria show marked morphological and functional alterations under heightened inflammatory/oxidative stimulation. Mitochondrial dysfunction not only leads to platelet damage and apoptosis but also further aggravates immune responses. Improving mitochondrial function is hopefully an effective strategy for treating neurological diseases. In this review, the authors discuss the immunomodulatory roles of platelet-derived mitochondria (PLT-mitos) in neurological diseases and summarize the neuroprotective effects of platelet mitochondria transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingxin Yang
- Wuhan Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Transfusion Research Department, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion of Hubei Province, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Wuhan Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Arjmand A, Shiranirad S, Ameritorzani F, Kamranfar F, Seydi E, Pourahmad J. Mitochondrial transplantation against gentamicin-induced toxicity on rat renal proximal tubular cells: the higher activity of female rat mitochondria. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:31-40. [PMID: 36630058 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a fundamental mechanism leading to drug nephrotoxicity, such as gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Mitochondrial therapy (mitotherapy) or exogenous mitochondria transplantation is a method that can be used to replace dysfunctional mitochondria with healthy mitochondria. This method can help in the treatment of diseases related to mitochondria. In this research, we studied the transplantation effect of freshly isolated mitochondria on the toxicity induced by gentamicin on renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs). Furthermore, possible gender-related effects on supplying exogenous rat kidney mitochondria on gentamicin-induced RPTCs were investigated. At first, the normality and proper functioning of fresh mitochondria were assessed by measuring mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity (SDH) and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Then, the protective effects of mitochondrial transplantation against gentamicin-induced mitochondrial toxicity were evaluated through parameters including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakiness, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation (LPO) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) level, extracellular oxidized glutathione (GSSG) level, ATP level, MMP collapse, and caspase-3 activity. According to the statistical analysis, transplanting the healthy mitochondria decreased the cytotoxicity, ROS production, MMP collapse, LPO content, GSSG levels, and caspase-3 activity caused by gentamicin in RPTCs. Also, it has caused an increase in the level of ATP and GSH in the RPTCs. Furthermore, higher preventive effects were observed for the female group. According to the current study, mitochondrial transplantation is a potent therapeutic method in xenobiotic-caused nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Arjmand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Shiranirad
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Ameritorzani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus
| | - Farzaneh Kamranfar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
| | - Enayatollah Seydi
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. .,Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran.
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Liang X, Zhang Y, Lin F, Li M, Li X, Chen Y, Liu J, Meng Q, Ma X, Wang E, Wei L, He Z, Fan H, Zhou X, Ding Y, Liu Z. Direct administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived mitochondria improves cardiac function after infarction via ameliorating endothelial senescence. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10365. [PMID: 36684073 PMCID: PMC9842017 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be a key contributor to the development of heart failure. Replacing injured mitochondria with healthy mitochondria to restore mitochondrial bioenergy in myocardium holds great promise for cardioprotection after infarction. This study aimed to investigate whether direct transplantation of exogenous mitochondria derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-mt) is beneficial and superior in protecting cardiac function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) compared to mitochondria derived from skin fibroblast (FB-mt) and to explore the underlying mechanisms from their effects on the endothelial cells. The isolated MSC-mt presented intact mitochondrial morphology and activity, as determined by electron microscopy, JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay, and seahorse assay. Direct injection of MSC-mt into the peri-infarct region in a mouse MI model enhanced blood vessel density, inhibited cardiac remodeling and apoptosis, thus improving heart function compared with FB-mt group. The injected MSC-mt can be tracked in the endothelial cells. In vitro, the fluorescence signal of MSC-mt can be detected in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry after coculture. Compared to FB-mt, MSC-mt more effectively protected the HUVECs from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and reduced mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species. MSC-mt presented superior capacity in inducing tube formation, enhancing SCF secretion, ATP content and cell proliferation in HUVECs compared to FB-mt. Mechanistically, MSC-mt administration alleviated oxidative stress-induced endothelial senescence via activation of ERK pathway. These findings suggest that using MSCs as sources of mitochondria is feasible and that proangiogenesis could be the mechanism by which MSC-mt transplantation attenuates MI. MSC-mt transplantation might serve as a new therapeutic strategy for treating MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Liang
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Emergency MedicineGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fang Lin
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mimi Li
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency MedicineGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Organ TransplantationChangzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ma
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Enhao Wang
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wei
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Organ TransplantationChangzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineShanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Clinical Translational Medical Research CenterShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic SurgeryShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
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Mitochondrial Transplantation Promotes Remyelination and Long-Term Locomotion Recovery following Cerebral Ischemia. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:1346343. [PMID: 36157892 PMCID: PMC9499812 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1346343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia usually leads to axonal degeneration and demyelination in the adjacent white matter. Promoting remyelination still remains a challenging issue in the field. Considering that ischemia deprives energy supply to neural cells and high metabolic activities are required by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) for myelin formation, we assessed the effects of transplanting exogenous healthy mitochondria on the degenerating process of oligodendrocytes following focal cerebral ischemia in the present study. Our results showed that exogenous mitochondria could efficiently restore the overall mitochondrial function and be effectively internalized by OPCs in the ischemic cortex. In comparison with control cortex, there were significantly less apoptotic and more proliferative OPCs in mitochondria-treated cortex. More importantly, higher levels of myelin basic protein (MBP) and more morphologically normal myelin-wrapped axons were observed in mitochondria-treated cortex at 21 days postinjury, as revealed by light and electron microscope. Behavior assay showed better locomotion recovery in mitochondria-treated mice. Further analysis showed that olig2 and lipid synthesis signaling were significantly increased in mitochondria-treated cortex. In together, our data illustrated an antidegenerating and myelination-promoting effect of exogenous mitochondria, indicating mitochondria transplantation as a potentially valuable treatment for ischemic stroke.
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Hosseinian S, Ali Pour P, Kheradvar A. Prospects of mitochondrial transplantation in clinical medicine: aspirations and challenges. Mitochondrion 2022; 65:33-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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ÇİÇEK Z, TEKİN V. Sisplatin ve insan mezenkimal kök hücrelerden izole edilen mitokondri naklinin DU-145 hücre proliferasyonuna etkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.912336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ali Pour P, Hosseinian S, Kheradvar A. Mitochondrial transplantation in cardiomyocytes: foundation, methods, and outcomes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C489-C503. [PMID: 34191626 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00152.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transplantation is emerging as a novel cellular biotherapy to alleviate mitochondrial damage and dysfunction. Mitochondria play a crucial role in establishing cellular homeostasis and providing cell with the energy necessary to accomplish its function. Owing to its endosymbiotic origin, mitochondria share many features with their bacterial ancestors. Unlike the nuclear DNA, which is packaged into nucleosomes and protected from adverse environmental effects, mitochondrial DNA are more prone to harsh environmental effects, in particular that of the reactive oxygen species. Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are implicated in many diseases ranging from metabolic diseases to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. While it was once thought that transplantation of mitochondria would not be possible due to their semiautonomous nature and reliance on the nucleus, recent advances have shown that it is possible to transplant viable functional intact mitochondria from autologous, allogenic, and xenogeneic sources into different cell types. Moreover, current research suggests that the transplantation could positively modulate bioenergetics and improve disease outcome. Mitochondrial transplantation techniques and consequences of transplantation in cardiomyocytes are the theme of this review. We outline the different mitochondrial isolation and transfer techniques. Finally, we detail the consequences of mitochondrial transplantation in the cardiovascular system, more specifically in the context of cardiomyopathies and ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Ali Pour
- Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, California.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Sina Hosseinian
- Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, California.,School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Arash Kheradvar
- Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, California.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California.,School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
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