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Wan X, Lu X, Zhu L, Feng J. Relative prevalence of top-down versus bottom-up control in planktonic ecosystem under eutrophication and climate change: A comparative study of typical bay and estuary. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121487. [PMID: 38518414 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Eutrophication and climate change may affect the top-down versus bottom-up controls in aquatic ecosystems. However, the relative prevalence of the two controls in planktonic ecosystems along the eutrophication and climate gradients has rarely been addressed. Here, using the field surveys of 17 years in a typical bay and estuary, we test two opposite patterns of trophic control dominance and their response to regional temporal eutrophication and climate fluctuations. It was found that trophic control of planktonic ecosystems fluctuated between the dominance of top-down and bottom-up controls on time scales in both the bay and estuary studied. The relative prevalence of these two controls in both ecosystems was significantly driven directly by regional dissolved inorganic nitrogen but, for the estuary, also by the nonlinear effects of regional sea surface temperature. In terms of indirect pathways, community relationships (synchrony and grazing pressure) in the bay are driven by both regional dissolved inorganic nitrogen - soluble reactive phosphorus ratio and sea surface temperature, but this drive did not continue to be transmitted to the trophic control. Conversely, trophic control in estuary was directly related to grazing pressure and indirectly related to synchrony. These findings support the view that eutrophication and climate drive the relative prevalence of top-down versus bottom-up controls at ecosystem and temporal scales in planktonic ecosystems, which has important implications for predicting the potential impacts of anthropogenic and environmental perturbations on the structure and function of marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xueqiang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China.
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Larroque J, Legault S, Johns R, Lumley L, Cusson M, Renaut S, Levesque RC, James PMA. Temporal variation in spatial genetic structure during population outbreaks: Distinguishing among different potential drivers of spatial synchrony. Evol Appl 2019; 12:1931-1945. [PMID: 31700536 PMCID: PMC6824080 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial synchrony is a common characteristic of spatio-temporal population dynamics across many taxa. While it is known that both dispersal and spatially autocorrelated environmental variation (i.e., the Moran effect) can synchronize populations, the relative contributions of each, and how they interact, are generally unknown. Distinguishing these mechanisms and their effects on synchrony can help us to better understand spatial population dynamics, design conservation and management strategies, and predict climate change impacts. Population genetic data can be used to tease apart these two processes as the spatio-temporal genetic patterns they create are expected to be different. A challenge, however, is that genetic data are often collected at a single point in time, which may introduce context-specific bias. Spatio-temporal sampling strategies can be used to reduce bias and to improve our characterization of the drivers of spatial synchrony. Using spatio-temporal analyses of genotypic data, our objective was to identify the relative support for these two mechanisms to the spatial synchrony in population dynamics of the irruptive forest insect pest, the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana), in Quebec (Canada). AMOVA, cluster analysis, isolation by distance, and sPCA were used to characterize spatio-temporal genomic variation using 1,370 SBW larvae sampled over four years (2012-2015) and genotyped at 3,562 SNP loci. We found evidence of overall weak spatial genetic structure that decreased from 2012 to 2015 and a genetic diversity homogenization among the sites. We also found genetic evidence of a long-distance dispersal event over >140 km. These results indicate that dispersal is the key mechanism involved in driving population synchrony of the outbreak. Early intervention management strategies that aim to control source populations have the potential to be effective through limiting dispersal. However, the timing of such interventions relative to outbreak progression is likely to influence their probability of success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Larroque
- Département de Sciences BiologiquesUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Simon Legault
- Département de Sciences BiologiquesUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Rob Johns
- Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaFrederictonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Lisa Lumley
- Royal Alberta MuseumEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Laurentian Forestry CentreNatural Resources CanadaQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Michel Cusson
- Laurentian Forestry CentreNatural Resources CanadaQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Sébastien Renaut
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie VégétaleUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Roger C. Levesque
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmesUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Patrick M. A. James
- Département de Sciences BiologiquesUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
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Ward SF, Aukema BH. Climatic synchrony and increased outbreaks in allopatric populations of an invasive defoliator. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Walter JA, Ives AR, Tooker JF, Johnson DM. Life history and habitat explain variation among insect pest populations subject to global change. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Walter
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University 1000 W. Cary Street Richmond Virginia 23284 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Kansas Biological Survey University of Kansas 2101 Constant Avenue Lawrence Kansas 66047 USA
| | - Anthony R. Ives
- Department of Zoology University of Wisconsin 430 Lincoln Way Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - John F. Tooker
- Department of Entomology The Pennsylvania State University 501 ASI Building University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - Derek M. Johnson
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University 1000 W. Cary Street Richmond Virginia 23284 USA
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Reeve JD. Synchrony, Weather, and Cycles in Southern Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:19-25. [PMID: 29145595 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvx159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spatial synchrony and cycles are common features of forest insect pests, but are often studied as separate phenomenon. Using time series of timber damage caused by Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (southern pine beetle) in 10 states within the southern United States, this study examines synchrony in D. frontalis abundance, the synchronizing effects of temperature extremes, and the evidence for shared cycles among state populations. Cross-correlation and cluster analyses are used to quantify synchrony across a range of geographic distances and to identify groups of states with synchronous dynamics. Similar techniques are used to quantify spatial synchrony in temperature extremes and to examine their relationship to D. frontalis fluctuations. Cross-wavelet analysis is then used to examine pairs of time series for shared cycles. These analyses suggest there is substantial synchrony among states in D. frontalis fluctuations, and there are regional groups of states with similar dynamics. Synchrony in D. frontalis fluctuations also appears related to spatial synchrony in summer and winter temperature extremes. The cross-wavelet results suggest that D. frontalis dynamics may differ among regions and are not stationary. Significant oscillations were present in some states over certain time intervals, suggesting an endogenous feedback mechanism. Management of D. frontalis outbreaks could potentially benefit from a multistate regional approach because populations are synchronous on this level. Extreme summer temperatures are likely to become the most important synchronizing agent due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Reeve
- Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL
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Hoi H, Krištofík J, Darolová A. All you can eat: is food supply unlimited in a colonially breeding bird? Ecol Evol 2015; 5:450-8. [PMID: 25691970 PMCID: PMC4314275 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Food availability is generally considered to determine breeding site selection and therefore plays an important role in hypotheses explaining the evolution of colony formation. Hypotheses trying to explain why birds join a colony usually assume that food is not limited, whereas those explaining variation in colony size suggest that food is under constraint. In this study, we investigate the composition and amount of food items not eaten by the nestlings and found in nest burrows of colonially nesting European bee-eaters (Merops apiaster). We aimed to determine whether this unconsumed food is an indicator of unlimited food supply, the result of mistakes during food transfer between parents and chicks or foraging selectivity of chicks. Therefore, we investigated the amount of dropped food for each nest in relation to reproductive performance and parameters reflecting parental quality. Our data suggest that parents carry more food to the nest than chicks can eat and, hence, food is not limited. This assumption is supported by the facts that there is a positive relationship between dropped food found in a nest and the number of fledglings, nestling age, and chick health condition and that the amount of dropped food is independent of colony size. There is variation in the amount of dropped food within colonies, suggesting that parent foraging efficiency may also be an important determinant. Pairs nesting in the center of a colony performed better than those nesting on the edge, which supports the assumption that quality differences between parents are important as well. However, dropped food cannot be used as an indicator of local food availability as (1) within-colony variation in dropped food is larger than between colony variation and, (2) the average amount of dropped food is not related to colony size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Hoi
- Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Ján Krištofík
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alžbeta Darolová
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava, Slovakia
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Weed AS, Ayres MP, Hicke JA. Consequences of climate change for biotic disturbances in North American forests. ECOL MONOGR 2013. [DOI: 10.1890/13-0160.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Marini L, Lindelöw Å, Jönsson AM, Wulff S, Schroeder LM. Population dynamics of the spruce bark beetle: a long-term study. OIKOS 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chapman TB, Veblen TT, Schoennagel T. Spatiotemporal patterns of mountain pine beetle activity in the southern Rocky Mountains. Ecology 2012. [DOI: 10.1890/11-1055.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sherriff RL, Berg EE, Miller AE. Climate variability and spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) outbreaks in south-central and southwest Alaska. Ecology 2011; 92:1459-70. [DOI: 10.1890/10-1118.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kausrud K, Okland B, Skarpaas O, Grégoire JC, Erbilgin N, Stenseth NC. Population dynamics in changing environments: the case of an eruptive forest pest species. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2011; 87:34-51. [PMID: 21557798 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2011.00183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyrre Kausrud
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
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Seidl R, Fernandes PM, Fonseca TF, Gillet F, Jönsson AM, Merganičová K, Netherer S, Arpaci A, Bontemps JD, Bugmann H, González-Olabarria JR, Lasch P, Meredieu C, Moreira F, Schelhaas MJ, Mohren F. Modelling natural disturbances in forest ecosystems: a review. Ecol Modell 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Macias Fauria M, Johnson EA. Large-scale climatic patterns and area affected by mountain pine beetle in British Columbia, Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jg000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Spatial (a)synchrony in population fluctuations of five plant species in fragmented habitats. Basic Appl Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sherratt JA, Smith MJ. Periodic travelling waves in cyclic populations: field studies and reaction-diffusion models. J R Soc Interface 2008; 5:483-505. [PMID: 18211865 PMCID: PMC2408372 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2007.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodic travelling waves have been reported in a number of recent spatio-temporal field studies of populations undergoing multi-year cycles. Mathematical modelling has a major role to play in understanding these results and informing future empirical studies. We review the relevant field data and summarize the statistical methods used to detect periodic waves. We then discuss the mathematical theory of periodic travelling waves in oscillatory reaction-diffusion equations. We describe the notion of a wave family, and various ecologically relevant scenarios in which periodic travelling waves occur. We also discuss wave stability, including recent computational developments. Although we focus on oscillatory reaction-diffusion equations, a brief discussion of other types of model in which periodic travelling waves have been demonstrated is also included. We end by proposing 10 research challenges in this area, five mathematical and five empirical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Sherratt
- Department of Mathematics and, Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK.
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