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Matambisso G, Brokhattingen N, Maculuve S, Cisteró P, Mbeve H, Escoda A, Miguel J, Buetas E, de Jong I, Cuna B, Melembe C, Ndimande N, Porras G, Chen H, Tetteh KKA, Drakeley C, Gamain B, Chitnis C, Chauhan V, Quintó L, Galatas B, Macete E, Mayor A. Gravidity and malaria trends interact to modify P. falciparum densities and detectability in pregnancy: a 3-year prospective multi-site observational study. BMC Med 2022; 20:396. [PMID: 36376866 PMCID: PMC9664815 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-density Plasmodium falciparum infections prevail in low transmission settings, where immunity is expected to be minimal, suggesting an immune-independent effect on parasite densities. We aimed to describe parasite densities in pregnancy, and determine how gravidity and antibody-mediated immunity affect these, during a period of declining malaria transmission in southern Mozambique. METHODS We documented P. falciparum infections at first antenatal care visits (n = 6471) between November 2016 and October 2019 in Ilha Josina (high-to-moderate transmission area), Manhiça (low transmission area), and Magude (pre-elimination area). Two-way interactions in mixed-effects regression models were used to assess gravidity-dependent differences in quantitative PCR-determined P. falciparum positivity rates (PfPRqPCR) and densities, in the relative proportion of detectable infections (pDi) with current diagnostic tests (≥ 100 parasites/μL) and in antimalarial antibodies. RESULTS PfPRqPCR declined from 28 to 13% in Ilha Josina and from 5-7 to 2% in Magude and Manhiça. In primigravidae, pDi was highest in Ilha Josina at the first study year (p = 0.048), which declined with falling PfPRqPCR (relative change/year: 0.41, 95% CI [0.08; 0.73], p = 0.029), with no differences in antibody levels. Higher parasite densities in primigravidae from Ilha Josina during the first year were accompanied by a larger reduction of maternal hemoglobin levels (- 1.60, 95% CI [- 2.49; - 0.72; p < 0.001), than in Magude (- 0.76, 95% CI [- 1.51; - 0.01]; p = 0.047) and Manhiça (- 0.44, 95% CI [- 0.99; 0.10; p = 0.112). In contrast, multigravidae during the transmission peak in Ilha Josina carried the lowest pDi (p = 0.049). As PfPRqPCR declined, geometric mean of parasite densities increased (4.63, 95% CI [1.28; 16.82], p = 0.020), and antibody levels declined among secundigravidae from Ilha Josina. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of detectable and clinically relevant infections is the highest in primigravid women from high-to-moderate transmission settings and decreases with declining malaria. In contrast, the falling malaria trends are accompanied by increased parasite densities and reduced humoral immunity among secundigravidae. Factors other than acquired immunity thus emerge as potentially important for producing less detectable infections among primigravidae during marked declines in malaria transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glória Matambisso
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Sónia Maculuve
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Pau Cisteró
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henriques Mbeve
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Anna Escoda
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judice Miguel
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Elena Buetas
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ianthe de Jong
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Boaventura Cuna
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Cardoso Melembe
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Nelo Ndimande
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Gemma Porras
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Haily Chen
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kevin K A Tetteh
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Chris Drakeley
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Benoit Gamain
- Université de Paris, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, Inserm, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Chetan Chitnis
- Department of Parasites & Insect Vectors, Malaria Parasite Biology and Vaccines, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Virander Chauhan
- Malaria Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Llorenç Quintó
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.,ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Galatas
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.,ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eusébio Macete
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.,National Directare of Health, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Alfredo Mayor
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique. .,ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Spanish Consortium for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Physiologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique.
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Production and Immunogenicity of a Tag-Free Recombinant Chimera Based on PfMSP-1 and PfMSP-3 Using Alhydrogel and Dipeptide-Based Hydrogels. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9070782. [PMID: 34358198 PMCID: PMC8310097 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fusion chimeric vaccine comprising multiple protective domains of different blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum antigens is perhaps necessary for widening the protective immune responses and reducing the morbidity caused by the disease. Here we continue to build upon the prior work of developing a recombinant fusion chimera protein, His-tagged PfMSP-Fu24, by producing it as a tag-free recombinant protein. In this study, tag-free recombinant PfMSPFu24 (rFu24) was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the soluble protein was purified using a three-step purification involving ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by 2-step ion exchange chromatography procedures and shown that it was highly immunogenic with the human-compatible adjuvant Alhydrogel. We further investigated two dipeptides, phenylalanine-α, β-dehydrophenylalanine (FΔF) and Leucine-α, β-dehydrophenylalanine (LΔF) based hydrogels as effective delivery platforms for rFu24. These dipeptides self-assembled spontaneously to form a highly stable hydrogel under physiological conditions. rFu24 was efficiently entrapped in both the F∆F and L∆F hydrogels, and the three-dimensional (3D) mesh-like structures of the hydrogels remained intact after the entrapment of the antigen. The two hydrogels significantly stimulated rFu24-specific antibody titers, and the sera from the immunized mice showed an invasion inhibitory activity comparable to that of Alhydrogel. Easily synthesized dipeptide hydrogels can be used as an effective antigen delivery platform to induce immune responses.
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Cell-Free Expression of a Plant Membrane Protein BrPT2 From Boesenbergia Rotunda. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:316-326. [PMID: 33565047 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Prenylation of aromatic natural products by membrane-bound prenyltransferases (PTs) is an important biosynthesis step of many bioactive compounds. At present, only a few plant flavonoid-related PT genes have been functionally characterized, mainly due to the difficulties of expressing these membrane proteins. Rapid and effective methods to produce functional plant membrane proteins are thus indispensable. Here, we evaluated expression systems through cell-based and cell-free approaches to express Boesenbergia rotunda BrPT2 encoding a membrane-bound prenyltransferase. We attempted to express BrPT2 in Escherichia coli and tobacco plants but failed to detect this protein using the Western-blot technique, whereas an intact single band of 43 kDa was detected when BrPT2 was expressed using a cell-free protein synthesis system (PURE). Under in vitro enzymatic condition, the synthesized BrPT2 successfully catalyzed pinostrobin chalcone to pinostrobin. Molecular docking analysis showed that pinostrobin chalcone interacts with BrPT2 at two cavities: (1) the main binding site at the central cavity and (2) the allosteric binding site located away from the central cavity. Our findings suggest that cell-free protein synthesis could be an alternative for rapid production of valuable difficult-to-express membrane proteins.
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4
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Dobaño C, Bardají A, Kochar S, Kochar SK, Padilla N, López M, Unger HW, Ome-Kaius M, Castellanos ME, Arévalo-Herrera M, Hans D, Martínez-Espinosa FE, Bôtto-Menezes C, Malheiros A, Desai M, Casellas A, Chitnis CE, Rogerson S, Mueller I, Menéndez C, Requena P. Blood cytokine, chemokine and growth factor profiling in a cohort of pregnant women from tropical countries. Cytokine 2019; 125:154818. [PMID: 31514106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The immune status of women changes during and after pregnancy, differs between blood compartments at delivery and is affected by environmental factors particularly in tropical areas endemic for multiple infections. We quantified the plasma concentration of a set of thirty-one TH1, TH2, TH17 and regulatory cytokines, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and growth factors (altogether biomarkers), in a cohort of 540 pregnant women from five malaria-endemic tropical countries. Samples were collected at recruitment (first antenatal visit), delivery (periphery, cord and placenta) and postpartum, allowing a longitudinal analysis. We found the lowest concentration of biomarkers at recruitment and the highest at postpartum, with few exceptions. Among them, IL-6, HGF and TGF-β had the highest levels at delivery, and even higher concentrations in the placenta compared to peripheral blood. Placental concentrations were generally higher than peripheral, except for eotaxin that was lower. We also compared plasma biomarker concentrations between the tropical cohort and a control group from Spain at delivery, presenting overall higher biomarker levels the tropical cohort, particularly pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Only IL-6 presented lower levels in the tropical group. Moreover, a principal component analysis of biomarker concentrations at delivery showed that women from Spain grouped more homogenously, and that IL-6 and IL-8 clustered together in the tropical cohort but not in the Spanish one. Plasma cytokine concentrations correlated with Plasmodium antibody levels at postpartum but not during pregnancy. This basal profiling of immune mediators over gestation and in different compartments at delivery is important to subsequently understand response to infections and clinical outcomes in mothers and infants in tropical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló, 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Azucena Bardají
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló, 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Swati Kochar
- Medical College, PBM Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334001, India
| | - Sanjay K Kochar
- Medical College, PBM Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334001, India
| | - Norma Padilla
- Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Avenida 11-95, Guatemala 01015, Guatemala
| | - Marta López
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, CIBER-ER, Carrer del Rosselló, 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Holger W Unger
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 378, Madang 511, Papua New Guinea
| | - Maria Ome-Kaius
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 378, Madang 511, Papua New Guinea
| | - Maria Eugenia Castellanos
- Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Avenida 11-95, Guatemala 01015, Guatemala
| | | | - Dhiraj Hans
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Flor E Martínez-Espinosa
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n - Dom Pedro, Manaus, AM 69040-000, Brazil; Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Rua Teresina, 476 - Adrianópolis, Manaus 69.057-070, Brazil
| | - Camila Bôtto-Menezes
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n - Dom Pedro, Manaus, AM 69040-000, Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 69850-000, R. Bloco Um e Três, 4-40 - Platô do Piquiá, Boca do Acre, AM 69850-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Malheiros
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Jauary Marinho - Setor Sul - Coroado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Meghna Desai
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Malaria Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Aina Casellas
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló, 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chetan E Chitnis
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India; Malaria Parasite Biology and Vaccines Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Ivo Mueller
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, 1G, Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Clara Menéndez
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló, 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Requena
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló, 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Departmento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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5
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Mayor A, Dobaño C, Nhabomba A, Guinovart C, Jiménez A, Manaca MN, Aguilar R, Barbosa A, Rodríguez MH, Cisteró P, Quimice LM, Menéndez C, Aponte JJ, Ordi J, Chitnis CE, Alonso PL. IgM and IgG against Plasmodium falciparum lysate as surrogates of malaria exposure and protection during pregnancy. Malar J 2018; 17:182. [PMID: 29743114 PMCID: PMC5944166 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Difficulties to disentangle the protective versus exposure role of anti-malarial antibodies hamper the identification of clinically-relevant immune targets. Here, factors affecting maternal IgG and IgMs against Plasmodium falciparum antigens, as well as their relationship with parasite infection and clinical outcomes, were assessed in mothers and their children. Antibody responses among 207 Mozambican pregnant women at delivery against MSP119, EBA175, AMA1, DBLα and parasite lysate (3D7, R29 and E8B parasite lines), as well as the surface of infected erythrocytes, were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. The relationship between antibody levels, maternal infection and clinical outcomes was assessed by multivariate regression analysis. Results Placental infection was associated with an increase in maternal levels of IgGs and IgMs against a broad range of parasite antigens. The multivariate analysis including IgGs and IgMs showed that the newborn weight increased with increasing IgG levels against a parasite lysate, whereas the opposite association was found with IgMs. IgGs are markers of protection against poor pregnancy outcomes and IgMs of parasite exposure. Conclusions Adjusting the analysis for the simultaneous effect of IgMs and IgGs can contribute to account for heterogeneous exposure to P. falciparum when assessing immune responses effective against malaria in pregnancy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2331-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Mayor
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Augusto Nhabomba
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Caterina Guinovart
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Alfons Jiménez
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ruth Aguilar
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arnoldo Barbosa
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mauricio H Rodríguez
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Pau Cisteró
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lazaro M Quimice
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Clara Menéndez
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - John J Aponte
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jaume Ordi
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chetan E Chitnis
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Pedro L Alonso
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK Building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
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6
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Fonseca AM, Quinto L, Jiménez A, González R, Bardají A, Maculuve S, Dobaño C, Rupérez M, Vala A, Aponte JJ, Sevene E, Macete E, Menéndez C, Mayor A. Multiplexing detection of IgG against Plasmodium falciparum pregnancy-specific antigens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181150. [PMID: 28715465 PMCID: PMC5513451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women exposed to Plasmodium falciparum generate antibodies against VAR2CSA, the parasite protein that mediates adhesion of infected erythrocytes to the placenta. There is a need of high-throughput tools to determine the fine specificity of these antibodies that can be used to identify immune correlates of protection and exposure. Here we aimed at developing a multiplex-immunoassay to detect antibodies against VAR2CSA antigens. Methods and findings We constructed two multiplex-bead arrays, one composed of 3 VAR2CSA recombinant-domains (DBL3X, DBL5Ɛ and DBL6Ɛ) and another composed of 46 new peptides covering VAR2CSA conserved and semi-conserved regions. IgG reactivity was similar in multiplexed and singleplexed determinations (Pearson correlation, protein array: R2 = 0.99 and peptide array: R2 = 0.87). IgG recognition of 25 out of 46 peptides and all recombinant-domains was higher in pregnant Mozambican women (n = 106) than in Mozambican men (n = 102) and Spanish individuals (n = 101; p<0.05). Agreement of IgG levels detected in cryopreserved plasma and in elutions from dried blood spots was good after exclusion of inappropriate filter papers. Under heterogeneous levels of exposure to malaria, similar seropositivity cutoffs were obtained using finite mixture models applied to antibodies measured on pregnant Mozambican women and average of antibodies measured on pregnant Spanish women never exposed to malaria. The application of the multiplex-bead array developed here, allowed the assessment of higher IgG levels and seroprevalences against VAR2CSA-derived antigens in women pregnant during 2003–2005 than during 2010–2012, in accordance with the levels of malaria transmission reported for these years in Mozambique. Conclusions The multiplex bead-based immunoassay to detect antibodies against selected 25 VAR2CSA new-peptides and recombinant-domains was successfully implemented. Analysis of field samples showed that responses were specific among pregnant women and dependent on the level of exposure to malaria. This platform provides a high-throughput approach to investigating correlates of protection and identifying serological markers of exposure for malaria in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Fonseca
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Llorenç Quinto
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfons Jiménez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Azucena Bardají
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Sonia Maculuve
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Maria Rupérez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Anifa Vala
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - John J. Aponte
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Esperanza Sevene
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Eusebio Macete
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Clara Menéndez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Alfredo Mayor
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- * E-mail:
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7
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Requena P, Arévalo-Herrera M, Menegon M, Martínez-Espinosa FE, Padilla N, Bôtto-Menezes C, Malheiro A, Hans D, Castellanos ME, Robinson L, Samol P, Kochar S, Kochar SK, Kochar DK, Desai M, Sanz S, Quintó L, Mayor A, Rogerson S, Mueller I, Severini C, Del Portillo HA, Bardají A, Chitnis CC, Menéndez C, Dobaño C. Naturally Acquired Binding-Inhibitory Antibodies to Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein in Pregnant Women Are Associated with Higher Birth Weight in a Multicenter Study. Front Immunol 2017; 8:163. [PMID: 28261219 PMCID: PMC5313505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A vaccine to eliminate malaria would need a multi-stage and multi-species composition to achieve robust protection, but the lack of knowledge about antigen targets and mechanisms of protection precludes the development of fully efficacious malaria vaccines, especially for Plasmodium vivax (Pv). Pregnant women constitute a risk population who would greatly benefit from a vaccine preventing the adverse events of Plasmodium infection during gestation. We hypothesized that functional immune responses against putative targets of naturally acquired immunity to malaria and vaccine candidates will be associated with protection against malaria infection and/or poor outcomes during pregnancy. We measured (i) IgG responses to a large panel of Pv and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) antigens, (ii) the capacity of anti-Pv ligand Duffy binding protein (PvDBP) antibodies to inhibit binding to Duffy antigen, and (iii) cellular immune responses to two Pv antigens, in a subset of 1,056 pregnant women from Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, India, and Papua New Guinea (PNG). There were significant intraspecies and interspecies correlations for most antibody responses (e.g., PfMSP119 versus PfAMA1, Spearman’s rho = 0.81). Women from PNG and Colombia had the highest levels of IgG overall. Submicroscopic infections seemed sufficient to boost antibody responses in Guatemala but not antigen-specific cellular responses in PNG. Brazil had the highest percentage of Duffy binding inhibition (p-values versus Colombia: 0.040; Guatemala: 0.047; India: 0.003, and PNG: 0.153) despite having low anti-PvDBP IgG levels. Almost all antibodies had a positive association with present infection, and coinfection with the other species increased this association. Anti-PvDBP, anti-PfMSP1, and anti-PfAMA1 IgG levels at recruitment were positively associated with infection at delivery (p-values: 0.010, 0.003, and 0.023, respectively), suggesting that they are markers of malaria exposure. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Pv-infected women presented fewer CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells and secreted more G-CSF and IL-4 independently of the stimulus used in vitro. Functional anti-PvDBP levels at recruitment had a positive association with birth weight (difference per doubling antibody levels: 45 g, p-value: 0.046). Thus, naturally acquired binding-inhibitory antibodies to PvDBP might confer protection against poor outcomes of Pv malaria in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Requena
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
| | | | | | - Flor E Martínez-Espinosa
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD/Fiocruz Amazonia), Amazonia, Brazil
| | - Norma Padilla
- Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala , Guatemala City , Guatemala
| | - Camila Bôtto-Menezes
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD/Fiocruz Amazonia), Amazonia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Malheiro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas , Manaus , Brazil
| | - Dhiraj Hans
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Delhi , India
| | | | - Leanne Robinson
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea; Macfarlane Burnet Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Paula Samol
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research , Madang , Papua New Guinea
| | - Swati Kochar
- Medical College Bikaner , Bikaner, Rajasthan , India
| | | | | | - Meghna Desai
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Malaria Branch , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Sergi Sanz
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
| | - Llorenç Quintó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
| | - Alfredo Mayor
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
| | | | - Ivo Mueller
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Hernando A Del Portillo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena Bardají
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
| | - Chetan C Chitnis
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Delhi , India
| | - Clara Menéndez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain
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8
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Kalra A, Edula JR, Gupta PK, Pandey AK, Chauhan VS. Antigenicity of a Bacterially Expressed Triple Chimeric Antigen of Plasmodium falciparum AARP, MSP-311 and MSP-119: PfAMSP-Fu35. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165720. [PMID: 27798691 PMCID: PMC5087855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of fusion chimeras as potential vaccine candidates is considered as an attractive strategy to generate effective immune responses to more than one antigen using a single construct. Here, we described the design, production, purification and antigenicity of a fusion chimera (PfAMSP-Fu35), comprised of immunologically relevant regions of three vaccine target malaria antigens, PfAARP, PfMSP-3 and PfMSP-1. The recombinant PfAMSP-Fu35 is expressed as a soluble protein and purified to homogeneity with ease at a yield of ~ 7 mg L-1. Conformational integrity of the C-terminal fragment of PfMSP-1, PfMSP-119 was retained in the fusion chimera as shown by ELISA with conformation sensitive monoclonal antibodies. High titre antibodies were raised to the fusion protein and to all the three individual components in mice and rabbits upon immunization with fusion chimera in two different adjuvant formulations. The sera against PfAMSP-Fu35 recognized native parasite proteins corresponding to the three components of the fusion chimera. As shown by invasion inhibition assay and antibody mediated cellular inhibition assay, antibodies purified from the PfAMSP-Fu35 immunized serum successfully and efficiently inhibited parasite invasion in P. falciparum 3D7 in vitro both directly and in monocyte dependent manner. However, the invasion inhibitory activity of anti-AMSP-Fu35 antibody is not significantly enhanced as expected as compared to a previously described two component fusion chimera, MSP-Fu24. Therefore, it may not be of much merit to consider AMSP-Fu35 as a vaccine candidate for preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Kalra
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyotheeswara Reddy Edula
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Kumar Gupta
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Kumar Pandey
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Virander S. Chauhan
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: ;
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9
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Tripathi NK. Production and Purification of Recombinant Proteins fromEscherichia coli. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Tripathi NK, Biswal KC, Rao PVL. Scaling Up of Recombinant Dengue Virus Type 3 Envelope Domain III Protein Production from Escherichia coli. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2015.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K. Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - Karttik C. Biswal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - P. V. Lakshmana Rao
- Bioprocess Scale up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
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11
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Requena P, Campo JJ, Umbers AJ, Ome M, Wangnapi R, Barrios D, Robinson LJ, Samol P, Rosanas-Urgell A, Ubillos I, Mayor A, López M, de Lazzari E, Arévalo-Herrera M, Fernández-Becerra C, del Portillo H, Chitnis CE, Siba PM, Bardají A, Mueller I, Rogerson S, Menéndez C, Dobaño C. Pregnancy and Malaria Exposure Are Associated with Changes in the B Cell Pool and in Plasma Eotaxin Levels. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:2971-83. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Gupta PK, Mukherjee P, Dhawan S, Pandey AK, Mazumdar S, Gaur D, Jain SK, Chauhan VS. Production and preclinical evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum MSP-119 and MSP-311 chimeric protein, PfMSP-Fu24. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2014; 21:886-97. [PMID: 24789797 PMCID: PMC4054244 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00179-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A Plasmodium falciparum chimeric protein, PfMSP-Fu24, was constructed by genetically coupling immunodominant, conserved regions of two merozoite surface proteins, the 19-kDa region C-terminal region of merozoite surface protein 1 (PfMSP-119) and an 11-kDa conserved region of merozoite surface protein 3 (PfMSP-311), to augment the immunogenicity potential of these blood-stage malaria vaccine candidates. Here we describe an improved, efficient, and scalable process to produce high-quality PfMSP-Fu24. The chimeric protein was produced in Escherichia coli SHuffle T7 Express lysY cells that express disulfide isomerase DsbC. A two-step purification process comprising metal affinity followed by cation exchange chromatography was developed, and we were able to obtain PfMSP-Fu24 with purity above 99% and with a considerable yield of 23 mg/liter. Immunogenicity of PfMSP-Fu24 formulated with several adjuvants, including Adjuplex, Alhydrogel, Adjuphos, Alhydrogel plus glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant, aqueous (GLA-AF), Adjuphos+GLA-AF, glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), and Freund's adjuvant, was evaluated. PfMSP-Fu24 formulated with GLA-SE and Freund's adjuvant in mice and with Alhydrogel and Freund's adjuvant in rabbits produced high titers of PfMSP-119 and PfMSP-311-specific functional antibodies. Some of the adjuvant formulations induced inhibitory antibody responses and inhibited in vitro growth of P. falciparum parasites in the presence as well as in the absence of human monocytes. These results suggest that PfMSP-Fu24 can form a constituent of a multistage malaria vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet K Gupta
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Paushali Mukherjee
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Dhawan
- TB Laboratories (PATH), Central TB Division, MoHFW (GoI) Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok K Pandey
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Suman Mazumdar
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepak Gaur
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Jain
- Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Virander S Chauhan
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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13
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Mayor A, Kumar U, Bardají A, Gupta P, Jiménez A, Hamad A, Sigaúque B, Singh B, Quintó L, Kumar S, Gupta PK, Chauhan VS, Dobaño C, Alonso PL, Menéndez C, Chitnis CE. Improved Pregnancy Outcomes in Women Exposed to Malaria With High Antibody Levels Against Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis 2013; 207:1664-74. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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14
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Rovira-Vallbona E, Moncunill G, Bassat Q, Aguilar R, Machevo S, Puyol L, Quintó L, Menéndez C, Chitnis CE, Alonso PL, Dobaño C, Mayor A. Low antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum and imbalanced pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with severe malaria in Mozambican children: a case-control study. Malar J 2012; 11:181. [PMID: 22646809 PMCID: PMC3464173 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-11-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The factors involved in the progression from Plasmodium falciparum infection to severe malaria (SM) are still incompletely understood. Altered antibody and cellular immunity against P. falciparum might contribute to increase the risk of developing SM. Methods To identify immune responses associated with SM, a sex- and age-matched case–control study was carried out in 134 Mozambican children with SM (cerebral malaria, severe anaemia, acidosis and/or respiratory distress, prostration, hypoglycaemia, multiple seizures) or uncomplicated malaria (UM). IgG and IgM against P. falciparum lysate, merozoite antigens (MSP-119, AMA-1 and EBA-175), a Duffy binding like (DBL)-α rosetting domain and antigens on the surface of infected erythrocytes were measured by ELISA or flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of IL-12p70, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF, TNF-β and TGF-β1 were measured using fluorescent bead immunoassays. Data was analysed using McNemar’s and Signtest. Results Compared to UM, matched children with SM had reduced levels of IgG against DBLα (P < 0.001), IgM against MSP-119 (P = 0.050) and AMA-1 (P = 0.047), TGF-β1 (P <0.001) and IL-12 (P = 0.039). In addition, levels of IgG against P. falciparum lysate and IL-6 concentrations were increased (P = 0.004 and P = 0.047, respectively). Anti-DBLα IgG was the only antibody response associated to reduced parasite densities in a multivariate regression model (P = 0.026). Conclusions The lower levels of antibodies found in children with SM compared to children with UM were not attributable to lower exposure to P. falciparum in the SM group. IgM against P. falciparum and specific IgG against a rosetting PfEMP1 domain may play a role in the control of SM, whereas an imbalanced pro-inflammatory cytokine response may exacerbate the severity of infection. A high overlap in symptoms together with a limited sample size of different SM clinical groups reduced the power to identify immunological correlates for particular forms of SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Rovira-Vallbona
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain.
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Development of a pilot-scale production process and characterization of a recombinant Japanese encephalitis virus envelope domain III protein expressed in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1179-89. [PMID: 22562165 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most important cause of encephalitis in most Asian regions. JEV envelope domain III (JEV EDIII) protein is involved in binding to host receptors, and it contains specific epitopes that elicit virus-neutralizing antibodies. A highly immunogenic, recombinant JEV EDIII protein was expressed in Escherichia coli. In order to take this vaccine candidate for further studies, recombinant JEV EDIII protein was produced employing a pilot-scale fermentation process. Recombinant JEV EDIII protein expressed as inclusion bodies (IBs) was solubilized in 8 M urea and renatured by on-column refolding protocol in the presence of glycerol. A three-step purification process comprising of affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) based on salt, and IEX based on pH was developed. About ~124 mg of highly purified and biologically active EDIII protein was obtained from 100 g of biomass. Biological function of the purified EDIII protein was confirmed by their ability to generate EDIII-specific antibodies in mice that could neutralize the virus. These findings suggest that recombinant JEV EDIII protein in combination with compatible adjuvant is highly immunogenic and elicit high-titer neutralizing antibodies. Thus, recombinant JEV EDIII protein produced at large scale can be a potential vaccine candidate.
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16
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Naniche D, Serra-Casas E, Bardají A, Quintó L, Dobaño C, Sigauque B, Cisteró P, Chauhan VS, Chitnis CE, Alonso PL, Menéndez C, Mayor A. Reduction of antimalarial antibodies by HIV infection is associated with increased risk of Plasmodium falciparum cord blood infection. J Infect Dis 2012; 205:568-77. [PMID: 22238468 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnancy can lead to congenital malaria, which has detrimental health consequences for infants. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) might increase cord blood P. falciparum infection by decreasing maternal antimalarial-specific antibodies. METHODS HIV-negative (n=133) and HIV-positive (n=55) Mozambican pregnant women were assessed at delivery for maternal and cord P. falciparum infection by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and P. falciparum-specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS Prevalence of qPCR-detected cord blood infection was 8.0%. Risk of cord infection was increased in presence of HIV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.80; P=.04) and placental malaria (AOR, 22.08; P=.002) after adjusting for clinical variables. The odds of having a high immunoglobulin G response to chondrotin sulphate A-binding infected erythrocytes, parasite lysate, and erythrocyte-binding antigen-175 were reduced among HIV-positive women (P < .001, .048, and .056, respectively) and among women with cord P. falciparum infection (P = .009, .04, and .046, respectively). In multivariate analysis including maternal HIV status, placental malaria, and antibody responses, HIV was no longer associated with cord blood infection (P = .11). CONCLUSIONS HIV-associated impairment of antibody responses in pregnant women may contribute to a higher transmission of P. falciparum to their infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Naniche
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona), Spain
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Age-dependent IgG subclass responses to Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175 are differentially associated with incidence of malaria in Mozambican children. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 19:157-66. [PMID: 22169088 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.05523-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigens such as merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1), apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1), and the 175-kDa erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA-175) are considered important targets of naturally acquired immunity to malaria. However, it is not clear whether antibodies to these antigens are effectors in protection against clinical disease or mere markers of exposure. In the context of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intermittent preventive treatment in infants conducted between 2002 and 2004, antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigens in a cohort of 302 Mozambican children were evaluated by immunofluorescence antibody test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 5, 9, 12, and 24 months of age. We found that IgG subclass responses to EBA-175 were differentially associated with the incidence of malaria in the follow-up period. A double amount of cytophilic IgG1 or IgG3 was associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of malaria (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25 to 0.97, and P = 0.026 and IRR = 0.44, CI = 0.19 to 0.98, and P = 0.037, respectively), while a double amount of noncytophilic IgG4 was significantly correlated with an increased incidence of malaria (IRR = 3.07, CI = 1.08 to 8.78, P = 0.020). No significant associations between antibodies to the 19-kDa fragment of MSP-1 (MSP-1(19)) or AMA-1 and incidence of malaria were found. Age, previous episodes of malaria, present infection, and neighborhood of residence were the main factors influencing levels of antibodies to all merozoite antigens. Deeper understanding of the acquisition of antibodies against vaccine target antigens in early infancy is crucial for the rational development and deployment of malaria control tools in this vulnerable population.
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