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Phyu K, Zhi S, Liang J, Chang CC, Liu J, Cao Y, Wang H, Zhang K. Microalgal-bacterial consortia for the treatment of livestock wastewater: Removal of pollutants, interaction mechanisms, influencing factors, and prospects for application. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123864. [PMID: 38554837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The livestock sector is responsible for a significant amount of wastewater globally. The microalgal-bacterial consortium (MBC) treatment has gained increasing attention as it is able to eliminate pollutants to yield value-added microalgal products. This review offers a critical discussion of the source of pollutants from livestock wastewater and the environmental impact of these pollutants. It also discusses the interactions between microalgae and bacteria in treatment systems and natural habitats in detail. The effects on MBC on the removal of various pollutants (conventional and emerging) are highlighted, focusing specifically on analysis of the removal mechanisms. Notably, the various influencing factors are classified into internal, external, and operating factors, and the mutual feedback relationships between them and the target (removal efficiency and biomass) have been thoroughly analysed. Finally, a wastewater recycling treatment model based on MBC is proposed for the construction of a green livestock farm, and the application value of various microalgal products has been analysed. The overall aim was to indicate that the use of MBC can provide cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches for the treatment of livestock wastewater, thereby advancing the path toward a promising microalgal-bacterial-based technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- KhinKhin Phyu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
| | - Suli Zhi
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture, North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Junfeng Liang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture, North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Chein-Chi Chang
- Washington D.C. Water and Sewer Authority, Ellicott City, MD, 21042, USA.
| | - Jiahua Liu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
| | - Yuang Cao
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
| | - Han Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture, North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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2
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Liang C, Zhang N, Pang Y, Li S, Shang J, Zhang Y, Kuang Z, Liu J, Fei H. Cultivation of Spirulina platensis for nutrient removal from piggery wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85733-85745. [PMID: 37392298 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of livestock wastewater without appropriate treatment causes severe harm to the environment and human health. In the pursuit of finding solutions to this problem, the cultivation of microalgae as feedstock for biodiesel and animal feed additive using livestock wastewater coupled with the removal of nutrients from wastewater has become a hot research topic. In this study, the cultivation of Spirulina platensis using piggery wastewater for the production of biomass and the removal of nutrients were studied. The results of single factor experiments confirmed that Cu2+ seriously inhibit the growth of Spirulina platensis, while the influences of nitrogen, phosphorous, and zinc on the growth of Spirulina platensis can all be described as "low promotes high inhibits." Spirulina platensis grew well in the 4-fold dilution of piggery wastewater supplemented with moderate sodium bicarbonate, which indicated that it is the limiting nutrients for Spirulina platensis growth in piggery wastewater. The biomass concentration of Spirulina platensis reached 0.56 g/L after 8 days of culture at the optimal conditions proposed by the response surface method, which were as follows: 4-fold dilution of piggery wastewater, 7 g/L sodium bicarbonate, pH of 10.5, initial OD560 of 0.63, light intensity of 3030 lx, and light time/dark time of 16 h/8 h. Spirulina platensis cultured in the diluted piggery wastewater contained 43.89% protein, 9.4% crude lipid, 6.41 mg/g chlorophyll a, 4.18% total sugar, 27.7 mg/kg Cu, and 246.2 mg/kg Zn. The removal efficiency for TN, TP, COD, Zn, and Cu from the wastewater by Spirulina platensis was 76%, 72%, 93.1%, 93.5%, and 82.5%, respectively. These results demonstrated the feasibility of piggery wastewater treatment by the cultivation of Spirulina platensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changli Liang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.
| | - Nali Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Yu Pang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Jiafan Shang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Zhenzhong Kuang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Junhe Liu
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Hua Fei
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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3
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Yaashikaa PR, Senthil Kumar P, Saravanan A, Karishma S, Rangasamy G. A biotechnological roadmap for decarbonization systems combined into bioenergy production: Prelude of environmental life-cycle assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138670. [PMID: 37054843 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Decarbonization has become a critical issue in recent years due to rising energy demands and diminishing oil resources. Decarbonization systems based on biotechnology have proven to be a cost-effective and environmentally benign technique of lowering carbon emissions. Bioenergy generation is an environmentally friendly technique for mitigating climate change in the energy industry, and it is predicted to play an important role in lowering global carbon emissions. This review essentially provides a new perspective on the unique biotechnological approaches and strategies based decarbonization pathways. Furthermore, the application of genetically engineered microbes in CO2 biomitigation and energy generation is particularly emphasized. The production of biohydrogen and biomethane via anaerobic digestion techniques has been highlighted in the perspective. In this review, role of microorganisms in bioconversion of CO2 into different types of bioproducts such as biochemical, biopolymers, biosolvents and biosurfactant was summarized. The current analysis, which includes an in-depth discussion of a biotechnology-based roadmap for the bioeconomy, provides a clear picture of sustainability, forthcoming challenges, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Yaashikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - A Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research and Development & Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
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4
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Ghaffar I, Deepanraj B, Sundar LS, Vo DVN, Saikumar A, Hussain A. A review on the sustainable procurement of microalgal biomass from wastewaters for the production of biofuels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137094. [PMID: 36334745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of microalgal biomass as one of the most promising and renewable sources for the production of biofuels is being studied extensively. Microalgal biomass can be cultivated under photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, photoheterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivation conditions. Photoautotrophic cultivation is the most common way of microalgal biomass production. Under mixotrophic cultivation, microalgae can utilize both organic carbon and CO2 simultaneously. Mixotrophic cultivation depicts higher biomass productivity as compared to photoautotrophic cultivation. It is evident from the literature that mixotrophic cultivation yields higher quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids as compared to that photoautotrophic cultivation. In this context, for economical biomass production, the organic carbon of industrial wastewaters can be valorized for the mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae. Following the way, contaminants' load of wastewaters can be reduced while concomitantly producing highly productive microalgal biomass. This review focuses on different aspects covering the sustainable cultivation of different microalgal species in different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imania Ghaffar
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Balakrishnan Deepanraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lingala Syam Sundar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Algam Saikumar
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ali Hussain
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Maximizing Nitrogen Removal and Lipid Production by Microalgae under Mixotrophic Growth Using Response Surface Methodology: Towards Enhanced Biodiesel Production. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to optimize synthetic wastewater composition as a mixotrophic medium for enhanced growth and lipid accumulation coupled with high nitrogen removal by the green microalga Chlorella sp. Individual effects of the three main independent variables (nitrate concentration, seawater ratio, and glycerol supplementation) were tested initially, then response surface methodology (RSM) was subsequently performed to explore the optimum combined conditions. The highest lipid productivity of 37.60 mg/L day was recorded at 25% seawater. Glycerol supplementation enhanced both lipid content and biomass production, which resulted in the highest recorded lipid productivity of 42.61 mg/L day at 4 g/L glycerol. Central composite design followed by numerical optimization was further applied which suggested NaNO3 concentration at 101.5 mg/L, seawater ration of 23.8%, and glycerol supplementation of 0.25 g/L as the optimum conditions for dual maximum lipid productivity and nitrogen removal of 46.9 mg/L day and 98.0%, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, dry weight and lipid content increased by 31.9% and 20.3%, respectively, over the control, which resulted in increase in lipid productivity by 71.5%. In addition, optimization process resulted in pronounced changes in fatty acid proportions where saturated fatty acids increased by 7.4% in the optimized culture with simultaneous reduction of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The estimated biodiesel characteristics calculated from the fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) profile showed agreement with the international standards, while optimized cultures showed an 8.5% lower degree of unsaturation, which resulted in higher cetane numbers and lower iodine values. This study provides economical approach for optimization and efficient nutrient recycling through cultivation of Chlorella sp. for further enhanced biodiesel production.
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Shi S, Tong B, Wang X, Luo W, Tan M, Wang H, Hou Y. Recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from livestock slurry with treatment technologies: A meta-analysis. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 144:313-323. [PMID: 35427903 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The livestock industry has developed rapidly in recent decades, but the improper treatment of livestock manure, especially slurry, causes environmental pollution. Treatment technologies are considered to be effective in alleviating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses from livestock slurry. Here, we used published research data to conduct a meta-analysis of the recovery efficiencies of N and P of five mainstream treatment technologies, including ammonia stripping, air scrubbing, membrane filtration, microalgae cultivation and struvite crystallization. Additionally, the agronomic effects of the recovered products of these treatment technologies were evaluated. The results showed that all technologies exhibited clear recovery effects on N and P. The N recovery efficiencies ranged from 57% to 86%, and those of P ranged from 64% to 87%. Struvite crystallization was the most efficient treatment technology for both N and P recovery; moreover, the ammonia stripping and microalgae cultivation technologies were less efficient. The pH levels and temperatures are the main factors that influence ammonia stripping, struvite crystallization and microalgae cultivation, while membrane filtration and air scrubbing are mainly affected by the membrane types and properties. When the equal amount of N or P input to fields, the recovered products (ammonium sulfate and struvite crystals) may achieve a similar crop yield, relative to commercial N or P fertilizers. Our findings can provide deep suggestions and parameters for designing proper treatment technologies to reduce nutrient discharge from livestock slurry in regions with high livestock density and also for identifying the research gaps that should be paid more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Shi
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bingxin Tong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center for Animal Healthy Environment, Key Laboratory of Agriculture Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenhai Luo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meixiu Tan
- Wageningen University, Soil Biology Group, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Hongliang Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Hou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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7
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Singh V, Mishra V. Evaluation of the effects of input variables on the growth of two microalgae classes during wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 213:118165. [PMID: 35183015 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment carried out by microalgae is usually affected by the type of algal strain and the combination of cultivation parameters provided during the process. Every microalga strain has a different tolerance level towards cultivation parameters, including temperature, pH, light intensity, CO2 content, initial inoculum level, pretreatment method, reactor type and nutrient concentration in wastewater. Therefore, it is vital to supply the right combination of cultivation parameters to increase the wastewater treatment efficiency and biomass productivity of different microalgae classes. In the current investigation, the decision tree was used to analyse the dataset of class Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Various combinations of cultivation parameters were determined to enhance their performance in wastewater treatment. Nine combinations of cultivation parameters leading to high biomass production and eleven combinations each for high nitrogen removal efficiency and high phosphorus removal efficiency for class Trebouxiophyceae were detected by decision tree models. Similarly, eleven combinations for high biomass production, nine for high nitrogen removal efficiency, and eight for high phosphorus removal efficiency were detected for class Chlorophyceae. The results obtained through decision tree analysis can provide the optimum conditions of cultivation parameters, saving time in designing new experiments for treating wastewater at a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India.
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Khan MJ, Rai A, Ahirwar A, Sirotiya V, Mourya M, Mishra S, Schoefs B, Marchand J, Bhatia SK, Varjani S, Vinayak V. Diatom microalgae as smart nanocontainers for biosensing wastewater pollutants: recent trends and innovations. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9531-9549. [PMID: 34709977 PMCID: PMC8810035 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1996748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have been recognized as one of the most efficient microorganisms to remediate industrial effluents. Among microalgae diatoms are silica shelled unicellular eukaryotes, found in all types of water bodies and flourish very well even in wastewater. They have their silica cell wall made up of nano arrayed pores arranged in a uniform fashion. Therefore, they act as smart nanocontainers to adsorb various trace metals, dyes, polymers, and drugs which are hazardous to human as well to aquatic life. The beautiful nanoarchitecture in diatoms allows them to easily bind to ligands of choice to form a nanocomposite structure with the pollutants which can be a chemical or biological component. Such naturally available diatom nanomaterials are economical and highly sensitive compared to manmade artificial silica nanomaterials to help in facile removal of the toxic pollutants from wastewater. This review is thus focused on employing diatoms to remediate various pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, hydrocarbons detected in the wastewater. It also includes different microalgae as biosensors for determination of pollutants in effluents and the perspectives for nanotechnological applications in the field of remediating pollutants through microalgae. The review also discusses in length the hurdles and perspectives of employing microalgae in wastewater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Jahir Khan
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
| | - Anshuman Rai
- School of Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Mmu, Deemed University, Ambala,India
| | - Ankesh Ahirwar
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalgal Metabolism and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molecules Santé, Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | - Vandana Sirotiya
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
| | - Megha Mourya
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
| | - Sudhanshu Mishra
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
| | - Benoit Schoefs
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalgal Metabolism and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molecules Santé, Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | - Justine Marchand
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalgal Metabolism and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molecules Santé, Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | | | - Sunita Varjani
- Paryavaran Bhavan, Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Vandana Vinayak
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
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Carvalho YO, Oliveira> WV, Pagano RL, Silva CF. Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Tertiary Treatment of Liquid Effluent with the Microalgae
Chlorella vulgaris. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin O. Carvalho
- Federal University of Sergipe Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Weverton V. Oliveira>
- Federal University of Sergipe Department of Chemical Engineering/Industrial Biochemistry Laboratory Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Rogério L. Pagano
- Federal University of Sergipe Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Cristina F. Silva
- Federal University of Sergipe Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
- Federal University of Sergipe Department of Chemical Engineering/Industrial Biochemistry Laboratory Ave. Marechal Rondon 49100-000 São Cristóvão Brazil
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Khanra A, Vasistha S, Kumar S, Rai MP. Cultivation of microalgae on unhydrolysed waste molasses syrup using mass cultivation strategy for improved biodiesel. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:287. [PMID: 34109090 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High cultivation cost and low lipid yield are framed as a major bottleneck for the production of microalgae biodiesel. Hence, we first and foremost highlight a trophic mode transition, coupled with a combinatorial effect of organic carbon, nitrogen and light (C/N/L) on an isolated microalga Chlorococcum sp. SVF in a one pot tri-phasic intermittent feeding system by developing a lab scale Raceway tank (40L). Hitherto, waste molasses syrup without hydrolysis is unexplored in algal bioenergy arena. The direct utilisation capability of sucrose, served by waste unhydrolysed molasses syrup (WUMS), effectively modulates the intrinsic biochemical and physiological characteristics towards microalgae biomass and lipid assimilation. Response surface methodology-central composite design (RSM-CCD) tool has been employed to observe the cumulative impact of light irradiation and nutrient sources (carbon and nitrogen) on cellular stoichiometric analysis. Experimental results exhibit a potentially achievable biomass (18.88 g L-1) and lipid accumulation (80.34%) under the light intensity of 75.5 µmol m-2 s-1 with stepwise light attenuation strategy. Characterisation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) reveals the dominance of oleic acid (32.72%) and palmitic acid methyl esters (32.49%) in mixotrophic condition, which are considered as the upmost indicators of quality biodiesel. The biofuel properties were obtained in acquiescence with American and European standard. These findings are therefore a way forward towards the effective growth of Chlorococcum sp. SVF in sucrose rich inexpensive industrial waste stream that positively influences the lipid yield for large scale sustainable biodiesel production. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02823-7.
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11
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Effects of Nutrient Content and Nitrogen to Phosphorous Ratio on the Growth, Nutrient Removal and Desalination Properties of the Green Alga Coelastrum morus on a Laboratory Scale. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14082112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In wastewater, nutrient concentrations and salinity vary substantially, however, the optimal N:P ratio for the treatment using microalgae is not well described. In this study, the effects of higher and lower nitrate and phosphate contents and N:P ratios on growth, nutrient removal ability and halotolerance of the common green alga Coelastrum morus were investigated in model solutions. The results suggest that high nitrate content (above 100 mg L−1) with a similarly high phosphate concentration (resulting low N:P ratio) is not favorable for growth. The studied isolate can be considered as a halotolerant species, showing remarkable growth up to 1000 mg L−1 NaCl and it seems that despite the negative effects on growth, higher nutrient content contributes to higher halotolerance. A significant amount of nitrate removal was observed in media with different nutrient contents and N:P ratios with different salt concentrations. High N:P ratios favor phosphate removal, which is more inhibited by increasing NaCl concentration than nitrate uptake. Overall, with a relatively higher nutrient content and a favorable (5 or higher) N:P ratio, a common green algal species such as C. morus could be a promising candidate next to species from the Chlorellaceae and Scenedesmaceae families.
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12
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Kumar A. Current and Future Perspective of Microalgae for Simultaneous Wastewater Treatment and Feedstock for Biofuels Production. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-020-00221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Liang H, Wang H, Xu Y, Li L, Melkonian B, Lorenz M, Friedl T, Sahu SK, Yu J, Liu H, Melkonian M, Wang S. The Draft Genome of Coelastrum proboscideum (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyta). Protist 2020; 171:125758. [PMID: 33126018 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2020.125758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Coelastrum proboscideum Bohlin, 1896 (Sphaeropleales, Scenedesmaceae, Chlorophyta) is a coenobial species with cosmopolitan distribution in diverse freshwater habitats. Coelastrum spp. are widely tested for biotechnological applications such as carotenoid and lipid production, and in bioremediation of wastewater. Here, we report the draft genome of C. proboscideum var. dilatatum strain SAG 217-2. The final assembly comprised 125,935,854 bp with over 8357 scaffolds. The whole-genome data is publicly available in the Nucleotide Sequence Archive (CNSA) of China National GeneBank (CNGB) (https://db.cngb.org/cnsa/) under the accession number CNA0014153.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linzhou Li
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Jinsha Road, Shenzhen 518120, China; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Barbara Melkonian
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Campus Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maike Lorenz
- Department 'Experimentelle Phykologie und Sammlung von Algenkulturen' (EPSAG), University of Göttingen, Nikolausberger Weg 18, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Friedl
- Department 'Experimentelle Phykologie und Sammlung von Algenkulturen' (EPSAG), University of Göttingen, Nikolausberger Weg 18, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sunil Kumar Sahu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jin Yu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Melkonian
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Campus Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Sibo Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Zhu Y, Cheng J, Xu X, Lu H, Wang Y, Li X, Yang W. Using polyethylene glycol to promote Nannochloropsis oceanica growth with 15 vol% CO 2. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137598. [PMID: 32143052 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CO2 capture with microalgae has been put forward in response to global concern on greenhouse gas emission. However, the short residence time and slow diffusion of CO2 in water limits the growth of microalgae. In order to improve CO2 transfer from gas phase to liquid phase and utilization by algal cells, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) was used as CO2 absorbent to promote growth of Nannochloropsis oceanica with the bubbling of 15 vol% CO2. Total inorganic carbon (TIC) absorbed in culture medium remained constant at 5.6 mM when 15 vol% CO2 was bubbled continuously. PEG 200 in the medium provided additional CO2 absorption from 0.6 to 4.8 mM when PEG 200 concentration increased from 0.5 to 4 mM. The specific growth rate of N. oceanica reached the maximum (1.41 d-1) with 1 mM PEG 200 in culture medium, which was 21.5% higher than the specific growth rate without PEG 200. About 79% of the increase in biomass was attributed to the increased TIC with more CO2 dissolution in culture medium because of PEG 200, and about 21% was attributed to PEG 200 itself utilized as an organic carbon source. In conclusion, PEG 200 as a CO2 absorbent can effectively capture flue-gas CO2 for algal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xiaodan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongxiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Weijuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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15
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Cui H, Ma H, Chen S, Yu J, Xu W, Zhu X, Gujar A, Ji C, Xue J, Zhang C, Li R. Mitigating excessive ammonia nitrogen in chicken farm flushing wastewater by mixing strategy for nutrient removal and lipid accumulation in the green alga Chlorella sorokiniana. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 303:122940. [PMID: 32044649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate algal growth, lipid production, and nutrient removal in chicken farm flushing wastewater (CFFW). The excessive ammonia nitrogen (EAN) content in the CFFW wastewater represented a major factor limiting the algal growth. A strategy of mixing CFFW with municipal wastewater (MW) that contained less ammonia nitrogen was adopted. The results showed that the mixed wastewaters reduced ammonia nitrogen content, balanced nutrient profile, and promoted biomass production. The residual nutrients in mixed wastewaters were significantly reduced due to the algal absorption. Furthermore, alga grown on mixed wastewaters accumulated a higher level of total lipids and monounsaturated fatty acids that can be used for biodiesel production. The key issue of low biomass yield of algal grown on CFFW due to the inhibition of EAN was efficiently resolved by mitigating limiting factor to algal growth basing on mixing strategy, and accordingly the nutrients in the wastewater were significantly removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Cui
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
| | - Haotian Ma
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Shuaihang Chen
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Asadullah Gujar
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Chunli Ji
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
| | - Jinai Xue
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
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16
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Enhancing Scenedesmus obliquus biofilm growth and CO2 fixation in a gas-permeable membrane photobioreactor integrated with additional rough surface. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Cheng J, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Yang W. Modification and improvement of microalgae strains for strengthening CO 2 fixation from coal-fired flue gas in power plants. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121850. [PMID: 31358426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biological CO2 capture using microalgae is a promising new method for reducing CO2 emission of coal-fired flue gas. The strain of microalgae used in this process plays a vital role in determining the rate of CO2 fixation and characteristics of biomass production. High requirements are put forward for algae strains due to high CO2 concentration and diverse pollutants in flue gas. CO2 can directly diffuse into the cytoplasm of cells by extra- and intracellular CO2 osmotic pressure under high CO2 concentrations. The flue gas pollutants, such as SOx, NOx and fly ashes, have negative effects on the growth of microalgae. This work reviewed the state-of-the-art advances on microalgae strains used for CO2 fixation, focusing on the modification and improvement of strains that are used for coal-fired flue gas. Methods such as genetic engineering, random mutagenesis, and adaptive evolution have the potential to facilitate photosynthesis, improve growth rate and reduce CO2 emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yanxia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weijuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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18
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Moreno-Garcia L, Gariépy Y, Bourdeau N, Barnabé S, Raghavan GSV. Optimization of the proportions of four wastewaters in a blend for the cultivation of microalgae using a mixture design. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:168-173. [PMID: 30903823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 2nd degree mixture design was used to determine the optimal blend prepared from four wastewater streams to produce microalgae-based biomass. The streams consisted of a liquid digestate from an anaerobic digestion process, a landfill leachate, a septic-system sludge treatment plant liquid, and a wastewater treatment plant effluent. The mixture regression analysis indicated that blends with higher proportions of treated effluent and digestate improved cells growth, while the use of leachate was detrimental to the growth. The global solution of the mixture optimization predicted a maximum value of biomass productivity of 22.76 mg L-1 d-1, in a blend consisting of 19% treated effluent, 21% digestate, and 60% water. Proportions of leachate higher than 13.33% were detrimental to the growth. The concentration of ammonia-N in the blends ranged from 0.39 to 150 mg L-1 d-1, and its toxicity effect on the cells diminished with increasing amounts of organic carbon in the cultivation medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Moreno-Garcia
- Bioresource Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Chemin Lakeshore, Montréal, Québec H9X3V9, Canada
| | - Y Gariépy
- Bioresource Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Chemin Lakeshore, Montréal, Québec H9X3V9, Canada
| | - N Bourdeau
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Academy of Sciences and Engineering, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A5H7, Canada
| | - S Barnabé
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Academy of Sciences and Engineering, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A5H7, Canada
| | - G S V Raghavan
- Bioresource Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Chemin Lakeshore, Montréal, Québec H9X3V9, Canada
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19
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Enhanced CO2 biofixation and protein production by microalgae biofilm attached on modified surface of nickel foam. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:521-528. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Evaluation of Chlorella sorokiniana isolated from local municipal wastewater for dual application in nutrient removal and biodiesel production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:425-433. [PMID: 30465129 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The isolated microalga Chlorella sorokiniana BENHA721_ABO4 was grown in Bold's basal medium (BBM) as a control, municipal wastewater (WW), and wastewater enriched with BBM elements (WW+). Cultivation in WW+ showed the highest cell number which represented 25.3 and 47.3% over that grown in WW and BBM, respectively. However, rapid growth in WW+ was accompanied by significant reduction in lipid content. Due to lipid accumulation in WW, it showed the maximum significant lipid productivity of 16.2 mg L-1 day-1. Microalgae cultivation in WW for 10 days showed 74.2, 83.3, and 78.0% removal efficiency for NO3-N, NH3-N and TP, respectively. In addition, growth in WW significantly reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids by 36.0% with respect to BBM in favor of monounsaturated fatty acids. The present results confirmed that C. sorokiniana isolate BENHA721_ABO4 grown in secondary effluent municipal wastewater offers real potential for future application in wastewater treatment and biodiesel production.
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21
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Mousavi S, Najafpour GD, Mohammadi M. CO 2 bio-fixation and biofuel production in an airlift photobioreactor by an isolated strain of microalgae Coelastrum sp. SM under high CO 2 concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30139-30150. [PMID: 30151786 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae cultivation is a promising approach to remove ambient CO2 via photosynthesis process. This paper investigates the impact of high CO2 concentrations (6, 12, and 16%) on algae growth, CO2 biofixation, lipid and carbohydrate contents, and nutrient removal of newly isolated microalgae, Coelastrum sp. SM. In addition, the ability of microalgae to produce biodiesel at optimal condition was studied. The microalgae were cultivated in wastewater using an airlift photobioreactor. Under 12% CO2, the maximum biomass productivity and CO2 fixation rate were 0.267 g L-1 day-1 and 0.302 g L-1 h-1, respectively. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorous (TP), nitrate, and sCOD removal efficiency were 84.01, 100, 86.811, and 73.084%, respectively. Under 12% CO2 and at the same condition for cell growth, the highest lipid and carbohydrate contents were 3 7.91 and 58.45%, respectively. The composition of fatty acids methyl ester (FAME) of the microalga lipid was defined. Based on the obtained results and FAME profile, Coelastrum sp. SM was a suitable feedstock for biodiesel production and also, the organism had a great potential for CO2 biofixation, which is also more suitable than any other reported strains in other related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Mousavi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Ghasem D Najafpour
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
| | - Maedeh Mohammadi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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