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You X, Wang Z, Wang L, Liu Y, Chen H, Lan X, Guo L. Graphene oxide/ε-poly-L-lysine self-assembled functionalized coatings improve the biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of titanium implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1381685. [PMID: 38638320 PMCID: PMC11024266 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1381685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The construction of an antibacterial biological coating on titanium surface plays an important role in the long-term stability of oral implant restoration. Graphene oxide (GO) has been widely studied because of its excellent antibacterial properties and osteogenic activity. However, striking a balance between its biological toxicity and antibacterial properties remains a significant challenge with GO. ε-poly-L-lysine (PLL) has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and ultra-high safety performance. Using Layer-by-layer self-assembly technology (LBL), different layers of PLL/GO coatings and GO self-assembly coatings were assembled on the surface of titanium sheet. The materials were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle test. The antibacterial properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) were analyzed through SEM, coated plate experiment, and inhibition zone experiment. CCK-8 was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the material to MC3T3 cells, and zebrafish larvae and embryos were used to determine the developmental toxicity and inflammatory effects of the material. The results show that the combined assembly of 20 layers of GO and PLL exhibits good antibacterial properties and no biological toxicity, suggesting a potential application for a titanium-based implant modification scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao You
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
- The Public Platform of Zebrafish Technology, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhongke Wang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Youbo Liu
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Lan
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
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2
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Wang Y, Wang L, Hu Y, Qin J, Yu B. Design and optimization of ε-poly-l-lysine with specific functions for diverse applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129513. [PMID: 38262828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is a natural homo-poly(amino acid) which can be produced by microorganisms. With the advantages in broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, ε-PL has been widely used as a preservative in the food industry. Different molecular architectures endow ε-PL and ε-PL-based materials with versatile applications. However, the microbial synthesis of ε-PL is currently limited by low efficiencies in genetic engineering and molecular architecture modification. This review presents recent advances in ε-PL production and molecular architecture modification of microbial ε-PL, with a focus on the current challenges and solutions for the improvement of the productivity and diversity of ε-PL. In addition, we highlight recent examples where ε-PL has been applied to expand the versability of edible films and nanoparticles in various applications. Commercial production and the challenges and future research directions in ε-PL biosynthesis are also discussed. Currently, although the main use of ε-PL is as a food preservative, ε-PL and ε-PL-based polymers have shown excellent application potential in biomedical fields. With the development of synthetic biology, the design and synthesis of ε-PL with a customized molecular architecture are possible in the near future. ε-PL-based polymers with specific functions will be a new trend in biopolymer manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Limin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yangfan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiayang Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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3
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Rajpurohit H, Eiteman MA. Nutrient-Limited Operational Strategies for the Microbial Production of Biochemicals. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2226. [PMID: 36363817 PMCID: PMC9695796 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Limiting an essential nutrient has a profound impact on microbial growth. The notion of growth under limited conditions was first described using simple Monod kinetics proposed in the 1940s. Different operational modes (chemostat, fed-batch processes) were soon developed to address questions related to microbial physiology and cell maintenance and to enhance product formation. With more recent developments of metabolic engineering and systems biology, as well as high-throughput approaches, the focus of current engineers and applied microbiologists has shifted from these fundamental biochemical processes. This review draws attention again to nutrient-limited processes. Indeed, the sophisticated gene editing tools not available to pioneers offer the prospect of metabolic engineering strategies which leverage nutrient limited processes. Thus, nutrient- limited processes continue to be very relevant to generate microbially derived biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark A. Eiteman
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Lian C, Zhang M, Mao J, Liu Y, Wang X, Kong L, Yao Q, Qin J. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses for providing insights into the influence of polylysine synthetase on the metabolism of Streptomyces albulus. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:224. [PMID: 36307825 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is the main secondary metabolite of Streptomyces albulus, and it is widely used in the food industry. Polylysine synthetase (Pls) is the last enzyme in the ε-PL biosynthetic pathway. Our previous study revealed that Pls overexpressed in S. albulus CICC11022 result in the efficient production of ε-PL. In this study, a Pls gene knockout strain was initially constructed. Then, genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were integrated to study the effects of the high expression and knockout of Pls on the gene expression and metabolite synthesis of S. albulus. The high expression of Pls resulted in 598 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 425 known differential metabolites, whereas the inactivation of Pls resulted in 868 significant DEGs and 374 known differential metabolites. The expressions of 8 and 35 genes were negatively and positively associated with the Pls expression, respectively. Subsequently, the influence mechanism of the high expression and inactivation of Pls on the ε-PL biosynthetic pathway was elucidated. Twelve metabolites with 30% decreased yield in the high-expression strain of Pls but 30% increased production in the Pls knockout strain were identified. These results demonstrate the influence of Pls on the metabolism of S. albulus. The present work can provide the theoretical basis for improving the production capacity of ε-PL by means of metabolic engineering or developing bioactive substances derived from S. albulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Lian
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghui Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshou Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiayang Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
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Li S, Mao Y, Zhang L, Wang M, Meng J, Liu X, Bai Y, Guo Y. Recent advances in microbial ε-poly-L-lysine fermentation and its diverse applications. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:65. [PMID: 35710433 PMCID: PMC9205021 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring homo-polyamide biopolymer, ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) consists of 25-35 L-lysine residues with amide linkages between α-carboxyl groups and ε-amino groups. ɛ-PL exhibits several useful properties because of its unusual structure, such as biodegradability, water solubility, no human toxicity, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activities; it is widely applied in the fields of food, medicine, clinical chemistry and electronics. However, current industrial production of ε-PL is only performed in a few countries. Based on an analysis of the physiological characteristics of ε-PL fermentation, current advances that enhance ε-PL fermentation, from strain improvement to product isolation are systematically reviewed, focusing on: (1) elucidating the metabolic pathway and regulatory mechanism of ε-PL synthesis; (2) enhancing biosynthetic performance through mutagenesis, fermentation optimization and metabolic engineering; and (3) understanding and improving the biological activity and functional properties of ε-PL. Finally, perspectives on engineering and exploiting ε-PL as a source material for the production of various advanced materials are also discussed, providing scientific guidelines for researchers to further improve the ε-PL fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yunren Mao
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Lifei Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Miao Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jinhao Meng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yunxia Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Wang L, Zhang C, Zhang J, Rao Z, Xu X, Mao Z, Chen X. Epsilon-poly-L-lysine: Recent Advances in Biomanufacturing and Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:748976. [PMID: 34650962 PMCID: PMC8506220 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.748976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is a naturally occurring poly(amino acid) of varying polymerization degree, which possesses excellent antimicrobial activity and has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. To provide new perspectives from recent advances, this review compares several conventional and advanced strategies for the discovery of wild strains and development of high-producing strains, including isolation and culture-based traditional methods as well as genome mining and directed evolution. We also summarize process engineering approaches for improving production, including optimization of environmental conditions and utilization of industrial waste. Then, efficient downstream purification methods are described, including their drawbacks, followed by the brief introductions of proposed antimicrobial mechanisms of ε-PL and its recent applications. Finally, we discuss persistent challenges and future perspectives for the commercialization of ε-PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chongyang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhonggui Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xusheng Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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7
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Costa-Gutierrez SB, Saez JM, Aparicio JD, Raimondo EE, Benimeli CS, Polti MA. Glycerol as a substrate for actinobacteria of biotechnological interest: Advantages and perspectives in circular economy systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130505. [PMID: 33865166 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Actinobacteria represent a ubiquitous group of microorganisms widely distributed in ecosystems. They have diverse physiological and metabolic properties, including the production of extracellular enzymes and a variety of secondary bioactive metabolites, such as antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and other compounds of industrial interest. Therefore, actinobacteria have been used for biotechnological purposes for more than three decades. The development of a biotechnological process requires the evaluation of its cost/benefit ratio, including the search for economic and efficient substrates for microorganisms development. Biodiesel is a clean, renewable, quality and economically viable source of energy, which also contributes to the conservation of the environment. Crude glycerol is the main by-product of biodiesel production and has many properties, so it has a commercial value that can be used to finance the biofuel production process. Actinobacteria can use glycerol as a source of carbon and energy, either pure o crude. A circular economy system aims to eliminate waste and pollution, keep products and materials in use, and regenerate natural systems. Although these principles are not yet met, some approaches are being made in this direction; the transformation of crude glycerol by actinobacteria is a process with great potential to be scaled on an industrial level. This review discusses the reports on glycerol as a promising source of carbon and energy for obtaining biomass and high-added value products by actinobacteria. Also, the factors influencing the biomass and secondary metabolites production in bioreactors are analyzed, and the tools available to overcome those that generate the main problems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie B Costa-Gutierrez
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Juliana Maria Saez
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Juan Daniel Aparicio
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Enzo E Raimondo
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Claudia S Benimeli
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Belgrano 300, 4700, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Marta A Polti
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Wang Z, Guo F, Dong T, Tan Z, Abdelraof M, Wang Z, Cui J, Jia S. Metabolomic Analysis of Biosynthesis Mechanism of ε-Polylysine Produced by Streptomyces diastatochromogenes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:698022. [PMID: 34395404 PMCID: PMC8363252 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.698022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ε-Polylysine (ε-PL), a natural preservative with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, has been widely used as a green food additive, and it is now mainly produced by Streptomyces in industry. In the previous study, strain 6#-7 of high-yield ε-PL was obtained from the original strain TUST by mutagenesis. However, the biosynthesis mechanism of ε-PL in 6#-7 is still unclear. In this study, the metabolomic analyses of the biosynthesis mechanism of ε-PL in both strains are investigated. Results show that the difference in metabolisms between TUST and 6#-7 is significant. Based on the results of both metabolomic and enzymatic activities, a metabolic regulation mechanism of the high-yield strain is revealed. The transport and absorption capacity for glucose of 6#-7 is improved. The enzymatic activity benefits ε-PL synthesis, such as pyruvate kinase and aspartokinase, is strengthened. On the contrary, the activity of homoserine dehydrogenase in the branched-chain pathways is decreased. Meanwhile, the increase of trehalose, glutamic acid, etc. makes 6#-7 more resistant to ε-PL. Thus, the ability of the mutagenized strain 6#-7 to synthesize ε-PL is enhanced, and it can produce more ε-PLs compared with the original strain. For the first time, the metabolomic analysis of the biosynthesis mechanism of ε-PL in the high-yield strain 6#-7 is investigated, and a possible mechanism is then revealed. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further improving the production of ε-PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Beiyang Baichuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Fengzhu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhilei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zichen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiandong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiru Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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9
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Li W, Lv J, Dong T, Li X, Li X, Tan Z, Jia S. Effects of Amino Acids and Overexpression of dapA Gene on the Production of ε-Poly-L-lysine by Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Strains. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2640-2647. [PMID: 33991200 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the strain Streptomyces diastatochromogenes 6#-7, which efficiently synthesizes ε-Poly-L-lysine, was studied and the effects of 18 amino acids and overexpression of dapA gene on the fermentation efficiency of ε-PL by S. diastatochromogenes were investigated. It was shown that L-proline, L-lysine, L-isoleucine, and L-threonine could promote the production of ε-PL. Moreover, the overexpression of the dihydrodipicolinate synthase gene (dapA) helped improve the fermentation performance of S. diastatochromogenes. The maximum ε-PL yield of the overexpressing strain (S. diastatochromogenes 12#-2) increased by 17.5% compared with the original strain in 500 mL shake flask. When the fermentation was conducted in a 5-L fermenter, the fermentation duration was extended by 48 h, and ε-PL yield reached 30.54 g/L, which was a 19.8% increase compared to the original strain. The results of this study offered a promising approach to augment the production of ε-PL from Streptomyces, thus paving the way to reduce the cost of product ε-PL and enhance the fermentation efficiency of ε-PL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Junge Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Xinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaona Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Zhilei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Shiru Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
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Dao Y, Zhang K, Lu X, Lu Z, Liu C, Liu M, Luo Y. Role of Glucose and 2-Oxoglutarate/Malate Translocator (OMT1) in the Production of Phenyllactic Acid and p-Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid, Two Food-Borne Pathogen Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5820-5826. [PMID: 31060357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to uncover how glucose affected the production of phenyllactic acid (PLA) and p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid ( p-OH-PLA). The highest yields of PLA (68.53 mg/L) and p-OH-PLA (50.39 mg/L) were observed after Lactobacillus plantarum strain YM-4-3 fermentation in media containing 30 and 10 g/L glucose, respectively. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of YM-4-3 against food-borne pathogens and the NADH/NAD+ ratio were positively correlated with the production of PLA and p-OH-PLA, respectively. In addition, a 2-oxoglutarate/malate translocator coding gene ( Omt1) was selected based on the qPCR results, and its knockout mutant, compared with the wild-type strain YM-4-3, showed that the PLA and p-OH-PLA production was decreased by 1.37-6.99 and 1.53-1.59 times, respectively. This result indicated that OMT1 was involved in the biosynthesis of PLA and p-OH-PLA. To conclude, this study suggests that glucose, NADH/NAD+ ratio and/or the Omt1 gene, PLA, and p-OH-PLA production, and antimicrobial activity contribute to a cause-and-effect relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Dao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , People's Repbulic of China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , People's Repbulic of China
| | - Xiafei Lu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , People's Repbulic of China
| | - Zebao Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , Chuxiong Medical College , Chuxiong 675005 , People's Repbulic of China
| | - Chenjian Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , People's Repbulic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Shandong Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) , Jinan 250101 , People's Repbulic of China
| | - Yiyong Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , People's Repbulic of China
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Zeng X, Miao W, Wen B, Mao Z, Zhu M, Chen X. Transcriptional study of the enhanced ε-poly-L-lysine productivity in culture using glucose and glycerol as a mixed carbon source. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:555-566. [PMID: 30637513 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A glucose-glycerol mixed carbon source (MCS) can substantially reduce batch fermentation time and improve ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) productivity, which was of great significance in industrial microbial fermentation. This study aims to disclose the physiological mechanism by transcriptome analyses. In the MCS, the enhancements of gene transcription mainly emerged in central carbon metabolism, L-lysine synthesis as well as cell respiration, and these results were subsequently proved by quantitative real-time PCR assay. Intracellular L-lysine determination and exhaust gas analysis further confirmed the huge precursor L-lysine pool and active cell respiration in the MCS. Interestingly, in the MCS, pls was remarkably up-regulated than those in single carbon sources without transcriptional improvement of HrdD, which indicated that the improved ε-PL productivity was supported by other regulators rather than hrdD. This study exposed the physiological basis of the improved ε-PL productivity in the MCS, which provided references for studies on other biochemicals production using multiple substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenyun Miao
- Family Planning Service Center, Rizhao Maternal and Child Care Service Hospital, Rizhao, 276826, China
| | - Beibei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhonggui Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Xusheng Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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