1
|
Gomes R, Costa-Pinho A, Ramalho-Vasconcelos F, Sousa-Pinto B, Santos-Sousa H, Resende F, Preto J, Lima-da-Costa E. Portomesenteric Venous Thrombosis after Bariatric Surgery: A Case Series and Systematic Review Comparing LSG and LRYGB. J Pers Med 2024; 14:722. [PMID: 39063976 PMCID: PMC11277930 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Portomesenteric Venous Thrombosis (PMVT) is a rare but serious complication of Metabolic Bariatric Surgery (MBS). Although more frequently reported after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), the risk factors for PMVT remain unclear. This study aims to compare the incidence and determinants of PMVT between LSG and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis of 5235 MBSs conducted at our institution between 2015 and 2023 identified five cases of PMVT. Additionally, a systematic review in March 2023, covering PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, was performed. Several data were analyzed regarding risk factors. (3) Results: In our case series, the incidence of PMVT was 0.1%. The five cases described involved four females with a BMI between 39.7 and 56.0 kg/m2. Their comorbidities were associated with metabolic syndrome, all women used oral contraceptive and two patients were diagnosed with thrombophilia or pulmonary embolism. Per protocol, thromboprophylaxis was administered to all patients. Diagnosis was made at a median of 16 days post-surgery, with abdominal pain being the main presenting symptom. Acute cases were managed with enoxaparin, unfractionated heparin and fibrinolysis. One patient required surgery. Ten studies were included in the systematic review and 205 patients with PMVT were identified: 193 (94.1%) post-LSG and 12 post-LRYGB. The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea and liver disorders; (4) Conclusions: PMVT is a potentially life-threatening complication after MBS, requiring preventive measures, timely diagnosis and several treatments. Our findings suggest a higher occurrence in women with an elevated BMI and post-LSG. Tailored thromboprophylaxis for MBS patients at risk of PMVT may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gomes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (R.G.)
| | - André Costa-Pinho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (R.G.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João Local Health Unit, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Bernardo Sousa-Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (R.G.)
- MEDCIDS—Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS—Centre for Health Technologies and Services Research, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Santos-Sousa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (R.G.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João Local Health Unit, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Resende
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (R.G.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João Local Health Unit, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - John Preto
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João Local Health Unit, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Lima-da-Costa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (R.G.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João Local Health Unit, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Temime V, Ghanem OM, Heimbach JK, Diwan TS, Tranchart H, Abdallah H, Blanchard C, Lontrichard M, Reche F, Borel AL, Belluzzi A, Foletto M, Manno E, Poghosyan T, Chierici A, Iannelli A. Outcomes of bariatric surgery in the setting of compensated advanced chronic liver disease associated with clinically significant portal hypertension: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study on feasibility and safety. Int J Surg 2024; 110:3562-3570. [PMID: 38819255 PMCID: PMC11175728 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The obesity epidemic has led to an increase in the proportion of patients with chronic liver disease due to metabolic associated steatosic liver disease and in the prevalence of obesity in patients with cirrhosis. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has been proven to determine weight loss, obesity-related medical problems remission, and liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis improvement. However, cirrhosis and portal hypertension are well-known risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality after surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of MBS in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cALCD) and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). MATERIAL AND METHODS This is an international, multicentric, retrospective study on 63 individuals affected by obesity with cALCD and CSPH who underwent MBS in tertiary referral centers with experts hepatobiliary surgeons between January 2010 and October 2022. The primary endpoint was postoperative mortality at 90 days. The secondary endpoints included postoperative weight loss at last follow-up and postoperative complication rate. In addition, the authors performed subgroup analyses of Child-Pugh (A vs. B) score, MELD (≤9 vs. >9) score, and type of surgery. RESULTS One patient (1.6%) experienced gastric leakage and mortality. There were three (5%) reported cases of portal vein thrombosis, two (3%) postoperative acute renal failure, and one (1.6%) postoperative encephalopathy. Child-Pugh score A resulted to be a protective factor for intraoperative bleeding requiring transfusion at univariate analysis (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55-0.97, P =0.046) but not at multivariate analysis. MELD>9 score and the type of surgery did not result to be a risk factor for any postoperative complication. CONCLUSION MBS is safe in patients with cALCD and CSPH performed in tertiary bariatric referral centers with hepatobiliary expert surgeons. Larger, prospective studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Temime
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice-Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Archet 2 Hospital, Nice
| | | | - Julie K. Heimbach
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tayyab S. Diwan
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hadrien Tranchart
- Department of Minimally Invasive Digestive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, AP-HP, Clamart; Paris-Saclay University, Orsay
| | - Hussein Abdallah
- Department of Minimally Invasive Digestive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, AP-HP, Clamart; Paris-Saclay University, Orsay
| | - Claire Blanchard
- Clinique de chirurgie cancérologique, digestive et endocrinienne, institut des maladies de l’appareil digestif (IMAD), CHU de Nantes; CHU de Nantes, l’institut du thorax, Nantes université, CNRS, Inserm, Nantes
| | - Marie Lontrichard
- Clinique de chirurgie cancérologique, digestive et endocrinienne, institut des maladies de l’appareil digestif (IMAD), CHU de Nantes; CHU de Nantes, l’institut du thorax, Nantes université, CNRS, Inserm, Nantes
| | - Fabian Reche
- Univesity Grenoble Alpes, Department of Digestive Surgery
| | - Anne-Laure Borel
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Centre Spécialisé de l’Obésité Grenoble Arc Alpin, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Emilio Manno
- AORN A. Cardarelli Napoli, UO Chirurgia Bariatrica e Metabolica, Napoli, Italy
| | - Tigran Poghosyan
- Université Paris Cité, AP-HP.Nord, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Service de Chirurgie Digestive UMR 1149, Inserm, Paris
| | - Andrea Chierici
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice-Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Archet 2 Hospital, Nice
| | - Antonio Iannelli
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice
- Inserm, U1065, Team 8 ‘Hepatic complications of obesity and alcohol’
- ADIPOCIBLE Study Group
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El Ansari W, El-Ansari K. Missing something? A scoping review of venous thromboembolic events and their associations with bariatric surgery. Refining the evidence base. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 59:264-273. [PMID: 33133579 PMCID: PMC7588328 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) post-bariatric surgery (BS) lead to morbidity and mortality. Methods This scoping review assessed whether reported VTE post-BS could be under/over-estimated; suggested a possible number of VTE post-BS; appraised whether VTE are likely to decrease/increase; examined BS as risk/protective factor for VTE; and mapped the gaps, proposing potential solutions. Results VTE appears under-estimated due to: identification/coding of BS and VTE; reporting of exposure (BS); and reporting of outcomes (VTE). The review proposes a hypothetical calculation of VTE post-BS. VTE are unlikely to decrease soon. BS represents risk and protection for VTE. Better appreciation of VTE-BS relationships requires longer-term strategies. Conclusion VTE are underestimated. Actions are required for understanding the VTE-BS relationships to in order to crease VTE by better-informed prevention strategy/ies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walid El Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, 3050, Doha, Qatar.,College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Schools of Health and Education, University of Skovde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Kareem El-Ansari
- Volunteer, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kamachi H, Homma S, Kawamura H, Yoshida T, Ohno Y, Ichikawa N, Yokota R, Funakoshi T, Maeda Y, Takahashi N, Amano T, Taketomi A. Intermittent pneumatic compression versus additional prophylaxis with enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies: multicentre randomized clinical trial. BJS Open 2020; 4:804-810. [PMID: 32700415 PMCID: PMC7528532 DOI: 10.1002/bjs5.50323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of antithrombotic chemoprophylaxis in prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies is unknown. This study compared the addition of enoxaparin following intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) with IPC alone in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal malignancy. Methods In this multicentre RCT, eligible patients were older than 40 years and had a WHO performance status of 0 or 1. Exclusion criteria were prescription of antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs and history of VTE. Patients were allocated to IPC or to ICP with enoxaparin in a 1 : 1 ratio. Stratification factors included sex, location of cancer, age 61 years and over, and institution. Enoxaparin was administered on days 1–7 after surgery. Primary outcome was VTE, evaluated by multidetector CT on day 7. Results Of 448 patients randomized, 208 in the IPC group and 182 in the IPC with enoxaparin group were evaluated. VTE occurred in ten patients (4·8 per cent) in the IPC group and six (3·3 per cent) in the IPC with enoxaparin group (P = 0·453). Proximal deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism occurred in seven patients (3·4 per cent) in the IPC group and one patient (0·5 per cent) in the IPC with enoxaparin group (P = 0·050). All VTE events were asymptomatic and non‐fatal. Bleeding occurred in 11 of 202 patients in the IPC with enoxaparin group, and one patient needed a transfusion. All bleeding events were managed by discontinuation of the drug. Conclusion IPC with enoxaparin after laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies did not reduce the rate of VTE. Registration number: UMIN000011667 (
https://www.umin.ac.jp/).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kamachi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Homma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Kawamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Ohno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Ichikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - R Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Sunagawa City Medical Centre, Sunagawa, Japan
| | - T Funakoshi
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Y Maeda
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Centre, Hokkaido
| | | | - T Amano
- Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Centre, Hokkaido University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - A Taketomi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Davila DG, Stetler JL, Lin E, Davis SS, Yheulon CG. Laparoscopic Paraesophageal Hernia Repair and Pulmonary Embolism. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2019; 29:534-538. [PMID: 31436646 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary embolism (PE) following laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair (PEHR) is rare but occurs at a higher frequency than other laparoscopic procedures. We describe a series of patients who developed PEs after PEHR in hopes of capturing potential risk factors for further study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five cases of PE after PEHR were observed between 2017 and 2018. Individual and perioperative risk factors, and postoperative courses were reviewed. RESULTS Patients had a mean age of 73 years (range, 59 to 86). All were female. Two patients presented acutely. Three patients underwent revisional surgery. The average procedure duration was 248 minutes (range, 162 to 324). All patients had gastrostomy tubes placed. The diagnosis of PE occurred within 3 to 19 days postoperatively. Four were treated with 3 months of oral anticoagulation; 1 was managed expectantly. CONCLUSIONS Highly complex cases, marked by revisional status, need for mesh, large hernia size, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement are likely at increased risk for PEs. Preoperative venous thromboembolism chemoprophylaxis should be considered in the majority of laparoscopic PEHR patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Davila
- Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Who gets a PEG? An analysis of simultaneous PEG placement during elective laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair. Surg Endosc 2019; 34:686-695. [PMID: 31062155 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-06815-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) is an infrequent adjunct in elective paraesophageal hernia repair (PEHR). Guidelines denote that PEG "may facilitate postoperative care in selected patients." Though there is sparse literature defining which patients may benefit. The purpose of this study is to determine factors associated with simultaneous PEG placement during PEHR and their subsequent outcomes. METHODS The NSQIP database was queried from 2011 to 2016 for patients undergoing elective laparoscopic PEHR. Cases were excluded if PEHR or fundoplasty was not the primary procedure, a concomitant bariatric procedure was performed, or if the primary surgeon was not a general or cardiothoracic surgeon. Groups were Propensity Score Matched for age, BMI, and ASA Class. RESULTS 15700 patients were identified, 371 who underwent simultaneous PEG placement (2.4%). Non-PEG patients were matched at a 5:1 ratio, producing 1855 controls. PEG patients had higher rates of pre-operative dyspnea (OR 1.45, p = 0.0110), pre-operative weight loss (OR 2.87, p = 0.0001), and lower pre-operative albumin (3.92 vs. 4.01, p = 0.0129). PEG patients had more intra-operative contamination (mean Wound Classification 1.54 vs. 1.38, p < 0.0001) and longer case durations (170 vs. 148 min, p < 0.0001). PEG patients had longer lengths of stay (3.4 vs. 2.5 days, p = 0.0001), rates of superficial SSI (OR 5.82, p = 0.0012), peri-operative transfusions (OR 2.68, p = 0.0197), and pulmonary emboli (OR 3.61, p = 0.0359). CONCLUSION Patients undergoing simultaneous PEG during PEHR are more likely to have respiratory symptoms, markers of malnutrition, and intra-operative factors indicative of more technically challenging cases. These patients have longer hospitalizations, higher rates of superficial SSI, and more pulmonary emboli.
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Emoto S, Nozawa H, Kawai K, Hata K, Tanaka T, Shuno Y, Nishikawa T, Sasaki K, Kaneko M, Hiyoshi M, Murono K, Ishihara S. Venous thromboembolism in colorectal surgery: Incidence, risk factors, and prophylaxis. Asian J Surg 2019; 42:863-873. [PMID: 30683604 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal surgery is associated with a high risk of perioperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), and this risk is especially high following colorectal cancer resection and surgery for inflammatory bowel disease. Previous analyses of large databases have reported the incidence of postoperative VTE in this population to be approximately 1.1%-2.5%. Therefore, to minimize this risk, patients should be offered appropriate prophylaxis, which may involve a combination of mechanical and pharmacologic prophylaxis with low-dose unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin as recommended by several guidelines. Prior to initiation of treatment, appropriate risk stratification should be performed according to the patients' basic and disease-related as well as procedure-related risk factors, and post-operative factors. Furthermore, a risk-benefit calculation that takes into account patients' VTE and bleeding risk should be performed prior to starting pharmacologic prophylaxis and to help determine the duration of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigenobu Emoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Shuno
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhito Sasaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Kaneko
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Hiyoshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Murono
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidly obese patients are at high risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new VTE prophylaxis protocol (low dosage, low-molecular-weight heparin [LMWH]) with a pneumatic compression device (PCD) in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between November 2015 and December 2017, 368 patients underwent surgery due to obesity. The patients received 0.2 ml of nadroparin (Fraxiparine, GlaxoSmithKline) 12 h before the operation. A PCD (Kendall SCD Compression System) was applied to the patient during the operation and left on the patient during the subsequent 24 h. Nadroparin 0.4 ml was started subcutaneously after the PCD was removed from the patient and the same dosage of nadroparin was given daily for 15 days following the bariatric operation. Ambulation within 2 h of surgery was encouraged and was performed frequently. RESULTS A total of 368 patients underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery. The median age was 34.1 years (range, 18-61), the median weight was 128 kg (range, 90-182), and the median body mass index (BMI) was 47.2 kg/m2 (range, 36-72). No thrombotic events were observed postoperatively or at the 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up visits. Four bleedings occurred requiring transfusions. None of these patients required a re-laparotomy for hemorrhage control. The mortality rate was 0% at 30 and 90 days and during the hospitalization. CONCLUSION Low dosage LMWH with PCD is very effective for VTE prophylaxis in bariatric surgery.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Acute biliary disease is a ubiquitous acute surgical complaint. General surgeons managing emergency surgical patients must be knowledgeable and capable of identifying and caring for common presentations. This article discusses the work-up, diagnosis, and management of the varying pathologies that make up biliary disease including cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, gallstone pancreatitis, and gallstone ileus. Also addressed are more challenging and rare presentations including pregnancy and bariatric anatomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Yih-Ann Chung
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 4035 Burnett-Womack, Campus Box 7081, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7081, USA.
| | - Meredith Colleen Duke
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 4035 Burnett-Womack, Campus Box 7081, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7081, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|