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Stewart SJ, Jabori SK, Pandya S, Alawadi S, Szewczyk J, Samaha Y, Lessard AS, Singh D, Danker S. Trends in Gender Authorship of Abstract Presentations at Plastic Surgery the Meeting: A Decade Long Analysis. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 93:9-13. [PMID: 38864431 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Current literature fails to examine gender differences of authors presenting abstracts at national plastic surgery meetings. This study aims to assess the ratio of female to male abstract presentations at Plastic Surgery The Meeting (PSTM).The gender of all abstract presenters from PSTM between 2010 and 2020 was recorded. The primary outcome variable was authorship (first, second, or last). Trends in gender authorship were assessed via Cochran-Armitage trend tests. Chi-square was utilized to evaluate the association between author gender and presentation type and author gender and subspecialty.Between 2010 and 2020, 3653 abstracts were presented (oral = 3035, 83.1%; poster = 618, 16.9%) with 19,328 (5175 females, 26.8%) authors. Of these, 34.5%, 32.0%, and 18.6% of first, second, and last authors were female, respectively. The total proportion of female authors increased from 153 (20.4%) in 2010 to 1065 (33.1%) by 2020. The proportion of female first, second, and last authors increased from 21.8% to 44.8%, 24.0% to 45.3%, and 14.3% to 22.1%, respectively, and demonstrated a positive linear trend ( P < 0.001 ). The proportion of female first authors in aesthetics (23.9%) was lower than that for breast (41.8%), cranio/maxillofacial/head & neck (38.5%), practice management (43.3%), and research/technology (39.4%) ( P < 0.001 ).Our study demonstrates a significant increase in female representation as first, second, and last authors in abstract presentations at PSTM within the last decade, although the absolute prevalence remains low.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sinan K Jabori
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | | | - Joanne Szewczyk
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Lessard
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Devinder Singh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Sara Danker
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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Shao JM, Bingener J, Alimi Y, Puri R, McHugh K, Gomez-Garibello C, Shim JK, Collins C, Sylla P, Qureshi AP. SAGES White Paper on the importance of diversity in surgical leadership: creating the fundamentals of leadership development (FLD) curriculum. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:2939-2946. [PMID: 38664294 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-10815-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) has long recognized and championed increasing diversity within the surgical workplace. SAGES initiated the Fundamentals of Leadership Development (FLD) Curriculum to address these needs and to provide surgeon leaders with the necessary tools and skills to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in surgical practice. In 2019, the American College of Surgeons issued a request for anti-racism initiatives which lead to the partnering of the two societies. The primary goal of FLD was to create the first surgeon-focused leadership curriculum dedicated to DEI. The rationale/development of this curriculum and its evaluation/feedback methods are detailed in this White Paper. METHODS The FLD curriculum was developed by a multidisciplinary task force that included surgeons, education experts, and diversity consultants. The curriculum development followed the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation (ADDIE) instructional design model and utilized a problem-based learning approach. Competencies were identified, and specific learning objectives and assessments were developed. The implementation of the curriculum was designed to be completed in short intervals (virtual and in-person). Post-course surveys used the Kirkpatrick's model to evaluate the curriculum and provide valuable feedback. RESULTS The curriculum consisted of interactive online modules, an online discussion forum, and small group interactive sessions focused in three key areas: (1) increasing pipeline of underrepresented individuals in surgical leadership, (2) healthcare equity, and (3) conflict negotiation. By focusing on positive action items and utilizing a problem-solving approach, the curriculum aimed to provide a framework for surgical leaders to make meaningful changes in their institutions and organizations. CONCLUSION The FLD curriculum is a novel leadership curriculum that provided surgeon leaders with the knowledge and tools to improve diversity in three areas: pipeline improvement, healthcare equity, and conflict negotiation. Future directions include using pilot course feedback to enhance curricular effectiveness and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny M Shao
- Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2926A Taubman Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Juliane Bingener
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yewande Alimi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ruchir Puri
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida COM, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kim McHugh
- Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Joon K Shim
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bassett Healthcare Network, Cooperstown, NY, USA
| | - Courtney Collins
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Patricia Sylla
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alia P Qureshi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Minimally Invasive Foregut Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland, OR, USA
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Chang JH, Essani V, Moussally M, Hossain MS, Gentle CK, Ortega C, Simon R, AlHilli Z, Walsh RM. Gender representation in the Central Surgical Association: A call to action. Surgery 2024; 175:841-846. [PMID: 37735032 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organizations such as the Central Surgical Association are important for promulgating advances in general surgery, but diversity and inclusion profoundly affect what is presented and discussed. The objective of this study was to evaluate gender representation trends at the Central Surgical Association and its annual meetings over the past 13 years. METHODS Publicly available Central Surgical Association meeting proceedings from 2010 to 2022 were reviewed for society leaders, new members, invited speakers and moderators, and contributors to scientific sessions (first authors, senior authors). Gender identity was assessed through professional online platforms. The 2017 and 2021 meetings were conjoined with the Midwest Surgical Association. Incomplete data were obtained from 2013 and 2020-2022. RESULTS A total of 2,158 individuals were reviewed, 554 (25.7%) of which were women. The overall trend of the absolute proportion of women participation increased by 1.8% per year (R2 = 0.7, P < .01). For leadership roles, 42/205 (20%) were women, with a 2.4% per year increase (R2 = 0.45, P = .02). For speaker roles, 82/384 (21.4%) were women, with a 2.2% increase per year (R2 = 0.6, P < .01). For scientific contributions, 253 first (35.9%) and 136 (19.3%) senior authors of 704 were women, with 1.5% (R2 = 0.4, P = .02) and 1.3% (R2 = 0.4, P = .03) increase per year, respectively. CONCLUSION There has been a positive trend in women's involvement at Central Surgical Association meetings for leaders, speakers, and scientific authors. Diversity allows variate experiences to contribute to surgical advancements; thus, measures by the Central Surgical Association to ensure adequate representation should continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny H Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH.
| | - Varisha Essani
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Moustafa Moussally
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH
| | - Mir Shanaz Hossain
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH
| | - Corey K Gentle
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH
| | - Camila Ortega
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH
| | - Robert Simon
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH
| | - Zahraa AlHilli
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH
| | - R Matthew Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, OH. https://twitter.com/MattWalshMD
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Rodrigues TC, Antunes E, Dias P, Serfaty A. Representation of women in musculoskeletal radiology conferences in Europe and North and South Americas: an estimation and comparative analysis. Skeletal Radiol 2024; 53:117-127. [PMID: 37306770 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04377-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess gender distribution and disparities in the musculoskeletal field at radiology conferences and to identify factors associated with the imbalance of women speakers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated publicly available data online from musculoskeletal radiology conference programs from radiological societies across Europe, North America (NA), and South America (SA) from 2016 to 2020. The gender of invited speakers, moderators, and planning committee members and the occurrence of single-gender panels for musculoskeletal and plenary sessions were assessed. RESULTS A total of 531 sessions, 2580 speakers, 603 moderators, and 231 planning committee members were assessed. Women accounted for 26.6% of total speakers (p<0.001), 33.3% of moderators (p<0.001), and 31.2% of planning committee members (p=0.381). All-male panels were 26.7%, with 21.1% of women moderating these panels (p<0.001). The proportion of women speakers in musculoskeletal and plenary sessions was 29.7% and 34.6% in NA (p=0.035, p=0.052), 26.6% and 25.0% in Europe (p<0.001, p=0.199), and 12.9% and 13.6% in SA (p<0.001). The proportion of women moderators was 35.0% in NA (p=0.002), 37.1% in Europe (p=0.914), and 13.8% in SA (p<0.001). A linear relationship was observed in the proportion of women speakers, moderators, and members of the planning committee (p<0.05). CONCLUSION We evaluated the participation of women speakers in musculoskeletal radiology conference programs, with significant differences in Europe and South America in all years evaluated, and the participation of women moderators with significant differences in South America and in all-male panels in all regions. Acknowledging gender biases and increasing the number of women on planning committees may help address gender imbalance and promote gender equity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Antunes
- Medscanlagos Radiology, rua Manoel Francisco Valentim, 57, Cabo Frio, RJ, 28906220, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dias
- Grupo Fleury, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Hospital Copa Star, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Serfaty
- Medscanlagos Radiology, rua Manoel Francisco Valentim, 57, Cabo Frio, RJ, 28906220, Brazil.
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Chang JH, Essani V, Maskal SM, Brooks NE, Lee EH, Prabhu A, Lum SS, Walsh RM. Paving a Path to Gender Parity: Recent Trends in Participation of Women in an Academic Surgery Society (Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract). J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:2705-2710. [PMID: 37907815 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proportion of women surgeons is increasing, although women in surgical leadership and research has not kept pace. The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract (SSAT) pledged its commitment to diversity and inclusion in 2016. Our study sought to evaluate the temporal trend of gender representation in leadership, speakership, and research at SSAT. METHODS Publicly available SSAT meeting programs from 2010 to 2022 were reviewed to assess gender proportions within leadership positions (officers and committee chairs); invited speakerships, multidisciplinary symposia, and committee panel session moderators and speakers; and contributions to scientific sessions (moderator, first author and senior author). Verified individual professional profiles were analyzed to categorize gender as woman, man, or unavailable. Descriptive and trend analyses using linear regression and chi-squared testing were performed. RESULTS A total of 5506 individuals were reviewed; 1178 (21.4%) were identified as women and 4328 (78.6%) as men or did not have available data. The absolute proportion of total female participation increased by 1.05% per year (R2=0.82). There was a statistically significant difference in the total proportion of women participation before and after 2016 (18.5% vs. 27.1%, p<0.01). Increases in the proportion of women were demonstrated in leadership, invited speakerships, multidisciplinary symposia, committee panel sessions, research session moderators, and abstract first authors. The proportion of women senior authors remained stagnant. CONCLUSION Though this upward trajectory in SSAT women participation is encouraging, current trends predict that gender parity will not be reached until 2044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny H Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, 9500 Euclid Ave A100, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Varisha Essani
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sara M Maskal
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, 9500 Euclid Ave A100, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Nicole E Brooks
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, 9500 Euclid Ave A100, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Edward H Lee
- Cleveland Clinic, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ajita Prabhu
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, 9500 Euclid Ave A100, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sharon S Lum
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - R Matthew Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institution, 9500 Euclid Ave A100, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Fawaz AS, O'Connell C, Manecksha RP, Redmond EJ, Nason G, Dowling C, O'Kelly F. Women in Irish urology: An examination of female representation amongst attendees of the Irish Society of Urology annual meeting (2008-2020). Surgeon 2023; 21:308-313. [PMID: 36935272 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is underrepresentation of women at surgical conferences. We examine the representation of women in Irish urology by looking at gender balance within the Irish Society of Urology (ISU) conference. AIMS ISU programmes over thirteen years from 2008 to 2020 were assessed and female representation in session chairs, guest speakers, poster and oral presentations identified. Gender distributions of authors for each year was examined. To investigate changes in female representation temporally, the period of this study (2008-2020) was subdivided and compared: 2008-2013 and 2014-2020. RESULTS 76 sessions were presided over by 138 chairs, of which 6 (4.3%) were female. Eight conferences had zero female chairs. 62 guest lectures were given, 6 (9.6%) by women. Of total 340 poster and 434 oral presentations, women delivered 24.9% (0-47.5%) of posters and 31.6% (10.3-59.4%) of oral presentations. We found no significant difference in the percentage of female poster presentations between the time periods 2008-2013 (m = 18.2, sd = 13.7) and 2014-2020 (m = 34.3, sd = 17.8), t(11) = -1.4, p > 0.05. However, we found a significant difference in the percentage of female oral presentations between the periods 2008-2013 (m = 18.7, sd = 14.2) and 2014-2020 (m = 40.6, sd = 14.5), t(11) = -2.8, p < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the second to examine female representation in Irish urology. Session chairs and guest speakers were grossly overrepresented by males as were oral and poster presentations. Despite lacking female influence overall, in more recent years there was an increased representation of women. Societies should strive to increase female representation, as this perpetuates a positive feedback loop, encouraging future female trainees to pursue urological surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Fawaz
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | - G Nason
- Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Dowling
- University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
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ElHawary H, Salimi A, Alam P, Karir A, Mitchell E, Huynh MNQ, Leveille CF, Halyk L, St. Denis-Katz H, Iyer H, Padeanu S, Adibfar A, Valiquette C, Morzycki A, Janis JE, Thibaudeau S. Gender Equality in Plastic Surgery Training: A Canadian Nationwide Cross-sectional Analysis. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2023; 31:300-305. [PMID: 37654539 PMCID: PMC10467441 DOI: 10.1177/22925503211051108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: One of the important factors in achieving gender equity is ensuring equitable surgical training for all. Previous studies have shown that females get significantly lower surgical exposure than males in certain surgical specialties. Gender gap in surgical exposure has never been assessed in plastic surgery. To that end, the goal of this study was to assess if there are any differences in plastic surgery training between male and female residents. Methods: A survey was sent to all plastic surgery residency programs in Canada to assess the No. of surgeries residents operated on as a co-surgeon or primary assistant during their training. The survey also assessed career goals, level of interest in the specialty, and subjective perception of gender bias. Results: A total of 89 plastic surgery residents (59.3% participation rate) completed the survey and were included in the study. The average No. of reconstructive cases residents operated on as a co-surgeon or primary assistant was 245 ± 312 cases. There was no difference in either reconstructive or aesthetic surgery case logs between male and female residents (p > .05). However, a significantly larger proportion of females (39%) compared to males (4%) felt that their gender limited their exposure to surgical cases and led to a worsening of their overall surgical training (p < .001). Finally, a larger proportion of male residents were interested in academic careers while a larger proportion of female residents were interested in a community practice (p = .024). Conclusion: While there is no evidence of differences in the volume of logged cases between genders, female surgical residents still feel that their respective gender limits their overall surgical training. Gender inequalities in training should be addressed by residency programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Salimi
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter Alam
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aneesh Karir
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Laura Halyk
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Hari Iyer
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeffrey E. Janis
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Gibson LM, Wood KL, Wardlaw JM. Towards equality: gender representation at the Royal College of Radiologists' Annual Scientific Meeting 2014-2021. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:291. [PMID: 37577449 PMCID: PMC10422055 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18439.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Conferences facilitate career advancement, but gender imbalances in public fora may negatively impact both women and men, and society. We aimed to describe the gender distribution of presenters at the UK's 2014-2021 Royal College of Radiologists' (RCR) Annual Scientific Meeting. Methods: We extracted data on presenter name, role and session type from meeting programmes. We classified gender as male or female using names, records or personal pronouns, accepting the limitations of these categories. We classified roles by prestige: lead, other (speakers and workshop faculty), proffered paper or poster presenters. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between gender and binary outcomes using logistic regression. Results: Women held 1,059 (37.5%) of 2,826 conference roles and presented 9/27 keynotes. Compared to men, women were less likely to hold other roles such as speakers and workshop faculty (OR 0.72 95% CI 0.61-0.83), and more likely to present posters (OR 1.49 95% CI 1.27-1.76). There were 60 male-only and eight women-only multi-presenter sessions. Sessions led by women had higher proportions of women speakers. The odds of roles being held by women increased during online meetings during COVID in 2020 and 2021 (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.36-1.91) compared to earlier years. Conclusion: The proportion of women presenters and keynote speakers reflects that of RCR membership, but not of wider society. Disadvantage starts from the earliest career stages, prejudicing career opportunities. Efforts to improve inclusion and diversity are needed; focusing on lead roles and hybrid online/in-person formats may accelerate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna M. Gibson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Self and Society, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kayleigh L. Wood
- Department of Clinical Radiology, New Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M. Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Imaging, and Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Jodeh DS, Scariano G, An C, Xu S, Ginesi M, Hashimoto DA, Marks J, Steinhagen E, Stein SL. An analysis of publications originating from abstracts presented at the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Meeting. Surg Endosc 2023:10.1007/s00464-023-10139-1. [PMID: 37204602 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-10139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research presentation has benefits, including CV building, networking, and collaboration. A measurable standard for achievement is publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Expectations regarding the likelihood of publication are unknown for studies presented at a national surgical scientific meeting. This study aims to evaluate predictors of manuscript publication arising from abstracts presented at a national surgical scientific meeting. METHODS Abstracts presented at the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Meeting 2019 were reviewed. Identification of published manuscripts was completed using MedLine, Embase, and Google Scholar 28 months after the presentation to allow for time for publication. Factors evaluated for association with publication included author and abstract measures. Descriptive analyses and multivariable statistics were performed. RESULTS 724 abstracts (160 podiums, 564 posters) were included. Of the podium presentations, 128 (80%) were published in a median of 4 months after the presentation. On univariable and multivariable analyses, there was no association between publication and abstract topic, gender, degree, number of publications, or H-indices of first and senior authors. 154 (27.3%) poster presentations were published with a median of 13 months. On univariable analysis, there was a statistically significant difference regarding the abstract topic (p = 0.015) and senior author degree (p = 0.01) between published and unpublished posters. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that colorectal surgery (OR 2.52; CI 1.02-6.23) and metabolic/obesity (OR 2.53; CI 1.09-5.84) are associated with an increased odd of publication. There was an inverse association with female senior authors (OR 0.53; CI 0.29-0.98), while additional degrees (e.g., doctorate and/or master's degree) of the senior authors were associated with an increased publication rate (OR 1.80; CI 1.00-3.22). CONCLUSION 80% of podiums but only 27% of posters were ultimately published. While some predictors of poster publication were noted, it is unclear if these are why these projects fail to publish. Future research is warranted to determine if there are effective strategies to increase poster publication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S Jodeh
- Trinity Health Ann Arbor, 5301 McAuley Dr, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
- University Hospitals Research in Surgical Outcomes and Effectiveness (UH RISES), Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Gabrielle Scariano
- Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Crystal An
- Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Samantha Xu
- Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Meridith Ginesi
- University Hospitals Research in Surgical Outcomes and Effectiveness (UH RISES), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daniel A Hashimoto
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey Marks
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emily Steinhagen
- University Hospitals Research in Surgical Outcomes and Effectiveness (UH RISES), Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sharon L Stein
- University Hospitals Research in Surgical Outcomes and Effectiveness (UH RISES), Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Gibson LM, Wood KL, Wardlaw JM. Towards equality: gender representation at the Royal College of Radiologists’ Annual Scientific Meeting 2014-2021. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18439.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Conferences facilitate career advancement, but gender imbalances in public fora may negatively impact both women and men, and society. We aimed to describe the gender distribution of presenters at the UK’s 2014-2021 Royal College of Radiologists’ (RCR) Annual Scientific Meeting. Methods: We extracted data on presenter name, role and session type from meeting programmes. We classified gender as male or female using names, records or personal pronouns, accepting the limitations of these categories. We classified roles by prestige: lead, other (speakers and workshop faculty), proffered paper or poster presenters. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between gender and binary outcomes using logistic regression. Results: Women held 1,059 (37.5%) of 2,826 conference roles and presented 9/27 keynotes. Compared to men, women were less likely to hold other roles such as speakers and workshop faculty (OR 0.72 95% CI 0.61-0.83), and more likely to present posters (OR 1.49 95% CI 1.27-1.76). There were 60 male-only and eight women-only multi-presenter sessions. Sessions led by women had higher proportions of women speakers. The odds of roles being held by women increased during online meetings during COVID (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.36-1.91). Conclusion: The proportion of women presenters and keynote speakers reflects that of RCR membership, but not of the patient population. Disadvantage starts from the earliest career stages, prejudicing career opportunities. Efforts to improve inclusion and diversity are needed; focusing on lead roles and hybrid online/in-person formats may accelerate change.
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Female Surgeons for Obesity Treatment: a Snapshot Sampling in Academic Productivity : The Role of Women in Obesity Surgery. Obes Surg 2022; 32:1741-1747. [PMID: 35296967 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-05998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of females choosing a career in surgery is lower than that of males. Through the Obesity Surgery and SOARD journals of 2018-2020, the number of articles with female first/senior authors was identified and their characteristics were assessed. Almost 40% of the published papers were written by females, being mostly original and from University Hospitals, although the difference in the numbers between journals was prominent (p = 0.011). Articles with a female as first author had a female or male as senior, at a ratio 1:2, while less than 10% of female senior authors had a male as first. The number of females as corresponding authors in SOARD was significantly higher (p < 0.001). The findings of the present study underline the existing gender inequity in bariatric surgery.
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Sebbane S, Bailly S, Lambert WC, Sanchez S, Hingray C, El-Hage W. Representation of women at American Psychiatric Association annual meetings over 10 years (between 2009 and 2019). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261058. [PMID: 35077466 PMCID: PMC8789168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sex disparity is a major societal issue. The aim of this paper was to describe changes in the representation of women among speakers of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) annual meeting over 10 years, between 2009 and 2019 and to compare them to changes in the proportion of women among American psychiatrists. METHODS Data were collected from the programs of the APA annual meetings of 2009 and 2019, and from the Association of American Medical Colleges. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS There were 1,138 distinct speakers at the 2009 conference and 1,784 at the 2019 conference. The number of distinct female speakers increased from 413 (36.3%) to 813 (45.6%). The proportion of female speakers at the meetings was almost equivalent to the proportion of women in the American psychiatrists' workforce. The number of female chairs increased from 158 (39.6%) to 322 (46.4%). There were 38 female speakers in child and adolescent psychiatry in 2009 (51.4% of 74 speakers) and 74 in 2019 (51.0% of 155 speakers). CONCLUSIONS The representation of women at the APA annual meetings increased between 2009 and 2019. At the same time, the growth in the percentage of women in the American psychiatrists' workforce was slower. The APA appears to promote female representation during its annual meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sebbane
- Centre Régional de Psychotraumatologie CVL, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sophie Bailly
- Centre Régional de Psychotraumatologie CVL, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Stéphane Sanchez
- Pôle IMEP, Unité Recherche Clinique et de recherche en soins, CH de Troyes, Troyes, France
| | - Coraline Hingray
- Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d’Adultes du Grand Nancy, Laxou, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Nancy, France
| | - Wissam El-Hage
- Centre Régional de Psychotraumatologie CVL, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Orthod 2022; 44:614-621. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Seehra JK, Lewis-Lloyd C, Koh A, Theophilidou E, Daliya P, Adiamah A, Lobo DN. Publication Rates, Ethnic and Sex Disparities in UK and Ireland Surgical Research Prize Presentations: An Analysis of Data From the Moynihan and Patey Prizes From 2000 to 2020. World J Surg 2021; 45:3266-3277. [PMID: 34383090 PMCID: PMC8476385 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presentation at academic conferences is an important marker of research productivity. However, not all accepted abstracts progress to full publication, and there is anecdotal evidence suggesting an imbalance in sex and ethnicity amongst presenters. There is a lack of data evaluating the outcome of prize presentation sessions at academic surgical conferences in the UK. This study aimed to analyse the outcomes and demographics from presentations at prize sessions at two prestigious UK surgical conferences. METHODS This retrospective observational study compared data on all Moynihan (Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland) and Patey (Surgical Research Society) prize presentations from 2000 to 2020. The primary outcome was rate of publication. Secondary outcomes included demographic differences in sex and ethnicity, publication according to prize outcome, academic affiliation, time to publication, and journal impact factor. RESULTS Some 442 accepted abstracts were identified over the 21-year period, with 71.0% from the Moynihan sessions and 79.3% from the Patey sessions leading to full publications, with a median time to publication of 448 days (IQR 179-859) in journals with relatively high impact factors (median 5.00; IQR 3.15-6.36). Of the 442 prize presenters, 85 (19.2%) were female. The majority of the presenters were White males (211, 47.7%), followed by Asian males (112, 25.3%). However, there was a continuously increasing overall trend of female presenters from 2000 to 2020 (P = 0.019). CONCLUSION Publication rates from the two prize sessions were high, with presenters publishing in journals with high impact factors. There, however, was a disparity in sex and ethnicity amongst presenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet K Seehra
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Christopher Lewis-Lloyd
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Amanda Koh
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Elena Theophilidou
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Prita Daliya
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Alfred Adiamah
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Dileep N Lobo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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Hernandez Brandi M, Howell R, Power A, Tabangin M, Altaye M, Zender CA, Takiar V, Tang AL. Trends in Number of Women Speakers at the American Head and Neck Society Meetings, 2007-2019. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 147:1053-1058. [PMID: 34302726 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2021.1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance The number of female speakers at American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) conferences should ideally be consistent with the number of women entering head and neck surgery fellowships to ensure gender equity in the field. Yet the presence of women speakers at the annual AHNS meetings, which is specific to the field of head and neck cancer, endocrine and microvascular reconstructive surgery, has yet to be studied. Objective To determine whether the proportion of female speakers at the AHNS has increased in a manner consistent with the numbers of women entering fellowships since 2007. Design, Setting, and Participants This qualitative study assessed 13 final meeting programs from AHNS national/international conferences from 2007 to 2019. The number of male and female participants in different roles throughout the meeting were retrospectively tracked. Participants were male and female speakers at AHNS national/international conferences who took part in the roles of scientific session presenter, scientific session moderator, expert panelist, miscellaneous moderator, and named lecturers/keynote speaker. Gender of the speaker was determined by searching names on the internet and using available published pronouns. Main Outcomes and Measures Number of speaking opportunities for men and women in different roles from 2007 to 2019 as well as number of men and women entering AHNS fellowships since 2007 and new active AHNS members since 2012. Results In this qualitative study, from 2007 to 2019, 4059 speakers were identified. Of these speakers, 902 (22%) were women and 3157 (78%) were men. Overall, there was a strong correlation between increasing years and number of women speakers from 2007 to 2019 (ρ = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.72-0.78). There were 2096 invited speaking roles that excluded research presentations, of which 400 were offered to female participants (19.1%) across the study period. There were 131 different women that made up all 400 of the opportunities that were offered to women in the years surveyed. There was a strong correlation in the proportion of women as presenters for oral abstracts, expert panelists, and miscellaneous moderators between the years but no correlation in scientific session moderators and named lecturers/keynote speakers. Of the 45 named lecturers/keynote speakers in the programs tracked, only 2 were women. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, from 2007 to 2019, the presence of women at ANHS has increased overall, reflecting the changing demographic characteristics of those entering in head and neck oncology and microvascular surgery fellowships. However, a strong disparity continues to exist for preeminent speaking opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Hernandez Brandi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Howell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Amelia Power
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Meredith Tabangin
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mekibib Altaye
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Chad A Zender
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Vinita Takiar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Alice L Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Gender Representation in Speaking Roles at the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Annual Meeting: 2012-2019. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:S400-S403. [PMID: 33622531 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) has one of the lowest percentages of women members among orthopedic surgery subspecialty societies, having increased from 1.3% to 3.1% since 2012. Our purpose was to report the representation of women in various speaking roles at the AAHKS annual meeting over this time period. METHODS We accessed the 2012-2019 AAHKS annual meeting programs online and reviewed all paper presenters, symposium faculty, and session moderators. We recorded instances of women speakers and their degree and specialty. We calculated the percentage of women speakers, women orthopedic surgeon speakers, women session moderators, and women symposium faculty for the overall period of 2012-2019, and for each annual meeting. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2019, 33/877 (3.8%) of all speakers at AAHKS were women. Of these, 21 were women orthopedic surgeons, or 2.4% of all speakers. The proportion of total women speakers per year ranged from 1.7% (2017) to 6.4% (2013). Twenty-four of 492 (4.9%) paper presenters were women, and 12/492(2.4%) were women orthopedic surgeons. Four of 143 (2.8%) session moderators were women, and all were orthopedic surgeons. Five of 245 (2.0%) symposium faculty were women, and 0/245 (0%) were women orthopedic surgeons. CONCLUSION Although the percentage of women AAHKS members has grown since 2012, the small percentage of women orthopedic surgeons speaking at AAHKS has not. There were no women orthopedic surgeons included on symposium faculty over this entire period. We appreciate and encourage efforts to improve gender diversity among speakers at AAHKS annual meetings.
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Heggie C, McKernon SL, Gartshore L. Speaking up for balance: analysis of the gender of invited speakers at UK dental conferences. Br Dent J 2021:10.1038/s41415-021-3072-2. [PMID: 34172923 PMCID: PMC8231739 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Across healthcare, there is an urgent call to action to address systematic gender bias impeding equity for women. Gender imbalance exists for speakers at medical conferences. This research presents the first descriptive analysis of gender balance of speakers at dental conferences.Objectives Describe the gender balance of invited speakers at UK conferences of the dental specialties and general dentistry in a two-year period. Consider the findings in relation to gender balance of dental and specialist registrants.Method Gender, presentation length and professional role were extracted from conference programmes. Acceptable gender balance was pre-specified as 40-60%. Gender data were extracted from the GDC registration report.Results Of 352 invited speakers, 39.8% (n = 140) were identified as female and 60.2% (n = 212) as male. Gender was acceptably balanced in 21.4% (n = 3) of conferences. Gender balance of specialist speakers varied, as does gender distribution within the specialties themselves. Only 38.5% (n = 5) of specialties had a specialist speaker gender balance representative of their speciality.Conclusion There is a call for further research to drive equity in the characteristics of invited speakers and to determine whether there is correlation with representation in the composition of conference organising committees, leadership, professional roles and the workforce. Conference organisers are encouraged to strive proactively and prospectively towards representative programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Heggie
- Academic Clinical Fellow and Specialty Trainee in Paediatric Dentistry, University of Leeds, UK.
| | - Sarah L McKernon
- Clinical Lecturer and Specialist in Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura Gartshore
- Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant, Paediatric Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Ellinas EH, Best JA, Kowalski AM, Sharkey KM, Shillcutt SK, Al-Assi K, Silver JK. Representation of Women on Journal Editorial Boards Affiliated with the Association of American Medical College's Council of Faculty and Academic Societies. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 30:1095-1106. [PMID: 33497583 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The Council of Faculty and Academic Societies (CFAS) comprises representatives from medical schools and professional societies who guide the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). Given the AAMC's stated mission to improve diversity and inclusion, we used gender-related representation on journal editorial boards as a proxy for evaluating CFAS member societies' commitments to equity. Methods: From screenshots of journal mastheads (n = 44) collected June 3-6, 2019, individuals were categorized by editorial position. Outcome measures included numbers of men and women among faculty, deans, department chairs, physicians, and nonphysicians on editorial boards. Outcomes were compared with 2018 AAMC and US Bureau of Labor Statistics workforce data. Results: Overall, the proportion of women among journal editors was 29.0% (364 of 1,255), range 0%-53.3%. This proportion was significantly less than the proportion of women among US medical school faculty and medical scientists. The lowest percentages of women were found among journals' section or topic editors (19.2%) and editors-in-chief (20.4%). Men were significantly more likely to be a professor or department chair and women were significantly more likely to be an associate professor or assistant professor, suggesting a bidirectional process between rank and editorial position that may inhibit the advancement of academic women, particularly women physicians. Conclusions: This study revealed disparities in the equitable representation of women among CFAS member-affiliated journal editors. Because CFAS member societies participate in a mutually beneficial relationship with the AAMC, they should strive to attain the equity goals set forth by the AAMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth H Ellinas
- Department of Anesthesiology, MCW Center for the Advancement of Women in Science and Medicine (AWSM), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer A Best
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alicia M Kowalski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katherine M Sharkey
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Sasha K Shillcutt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kenda Al-Assi
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Julie K Silver
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Singhal D, Bank AM, Poorman JA, Doshi TL, Parekh R, Parangi S, Hopf HW, Chandrabose R, Larson AR, Silver JK. Representation of women plenary speakers at the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting. Neurology 2020; 95:e3045-e3059. [PMID: 33109622 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether women have been equitably represented among plenary speakers at the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Annual Meeting by counting and categorizing speakers and comparing outcomes to AAN membership and US neurology workforce data. METHODS Lists of plenary speakers between 1958 and 2019 (62 years) were obtained from the AAN. The primary outcome measures were numbers and proportions of men and women in aggregate and among physicians. RESULTS We identified 635 plenary speakers, including 148 (23.3%) women. Specifically, women made up 14.6% (19 of 130) of presidential and 25.5% (129 of 505) of nonpresidential plenary session speakers. The inclusion of women plenary speakers was meaningfully higher (h = 0.33; difference 14.9%; 95% confidence interval 4.2%-26.7%) for nonphysicians (27 of 74 [36.5%]) than physicians (121 of 561 [21.6%]). Although at zero levels for Annual Meetings held between 1958 and 1990 and at mostly low but varying levels thereafter, the representation of women and women physicians has been at or above their proportions in the AAN membership and US neurology workforce since 2017. Comparison of representation by plenary session name revealed an unequal distribution of women, with women physicians concentrated in the Sidney Carter Award in Child Neurology presidential session. CONCLUSION Historically and recently, women and women physicians were underrepresented among AAN plenary speakers. As the AAN has taken active steps to address equity, women have been included in more representative proportions overall. However, notable gaps remain, especially in specific prestigious plenary sessions, and further research is needed to determine causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Singhal
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York.
| | - Anna M Bank
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Julie A Poorman
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Tina L Doshi
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Ranna Parekh
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Sareh Parangi
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Harriet W Hopf
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Rekha Chandrabose
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Allison R Larson
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
| | - Julie K Silver
- From the Department of Neurology (D.S.), University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; Department of Neurology (A.M.B.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Harvard Medical School; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (J.A.P., J.K.S.), Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (T.L.D.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; American College of Cardiology (R.P.), Washington, DC; Massachusetts General Hospital (R.P.), Boston; Department of Surgery (S.P.), Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Anesthesiology (H.W.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Department of Anesthesiology (R.C.), University of California San Diego; Department of Dermatology (A.R.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; and Brigham and Women's Hospital (J.K.S.), Boston, MA. Dr. Bank is now at the Department of Neurology, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, Hofstra Zucker School of Medicine, New York
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Biskup E, Xin Z, Khanna K, Leung TI, Zhang H. Gender balance at oncology conferences in China. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:1138-1140. [PMID: 32888449 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Biskup
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, Naples, Italy; School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaochen Xin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xuhui, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kajal Khanna
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany I Leung
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xuhui, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Arora A, Kaur Y, Dossa F, Nisenbaum R, Little D, Baxter NN. Proportion of Female Speakers at Academic Medical Conferences Across Multiple Specialties and Regions. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2018127. [PMID: 32986107 PMCID: PMC7522699 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.18127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Women in medicine have been underrepresented at medical conferences; however, contributing factors have not been well studied. OBJECTIVE To examine the distribution of invited conference speakers by gender and factors associated with representation of women as speakers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional analysis used medical conference programs from March 2017 to November 2018 across 20 specialties in 5 regions (Australasia, Canada, Europe, the UK, and the US) that were obtained online or from conference conveners. EXPOSURES Gender of invited lecturers, panelists, and planning committee members for each conference based on name or picture and publicly available data on compositions of specialties by gender for included regions. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes included the proportion of female speakers (invited lecturers and panelists), the number of single-gender panels, and the proportion of female speakers compared with the specialties' gender composition. Correlations between the gender composition of conference planning committees and the proportion of female speakers were assessed. Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate factors independently associated with the proportion of female speakers at conferences. RESULTS A total of 8535 sessions (panels and invited lectures) with 23 440 speakers across 98 conferences were identified. Women accounted for 7064 (30.1%) of speakers; 1981 of 5409 panels (36.6%) consisted of men only, and 363 (6.7%) consisted of women only. The proportion of women speakers varied by region and specialty from 5.8% to 74.5%. In general, specialties with low baseline proportions of women (<20%) had a ratio of female speakers to female specialists greater than 1, whereas specialties with high baseline proportions of women (>40%) had a ratio of female speakers to female specialists less that 1. There was a strong positive correlation between the proportion of women on planning committees and conference representation of female speakers (r = 0.67; P < .001). The association remained statistically significant after controlling for other variables, including the regional gender balance of the specialty (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.15; P < .001 for every 10% increase in the proportion of women on the planning committee). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cross-sectional study, the proportion of female speakers at medical conferences was lower than that of male speakers, and more than one-third of panels were composed of men only. Increasing the number of women on planning committees may help address gender inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Arora
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuvreet Kaur
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fahima Dossa
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosane Nisenbaum
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darby Little
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Capdeville M. If All the World’s a Stage, Then Where’s Our Microphone? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 34:1810-1814. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Foster SM, Knight J, Velopulos CG, Bonne S, Joseph D, Santry H, Coleman JJ, Callcut RA. Gender distribution and leadership trends in trauma surgery societies. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 5:e000433. [PMID: 32518837 PMCID: PMC7254125 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2019-000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Women are under-represented in the surgical disciplines and gender bias is believed to play a factor. We aimed to understand the gender distribution of membership, leadership opportunities, and scientific contributions to annual trauma professional meetings as a case study of gender issues in trauma surgery. Methods Retrospective collection of membership, leadership, presentation and publication data from 2016 to 2018 Trauma/Acute Care Surgery/Surgical Critical Care (TACSCC) Annual Meetings. Gender was assigned based on self-identification in demographic information, established relationships, or public sources. Results Women remain under-represented with only 28.1% of those ascertaining American Board of Surgery certification in critical care self-identifying as female. The proportion of female members in Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) was comparable (29.4%), slightly lower for Western Trauma Association (WTA) (19.0%), and lowest for American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) (12.8%, p<0.05). In contrast, AAST had the highest proportion of female participants in executive leadership (AAST 32.5%, WTA 19.0%, EAST 18.8%) and WTA the highest for committee chairs (WTA 33.3%, AAST 27.8%, EAST 20.5%). AAST had the most significant increase in executive leadership during the last 3 years (AAST 28.6% to 41.6%). Invited lectureships, masters, panelists and senior author scientific contributions demonstrated the largest gap of academic representation of female TACSCC surgeons. Conclusion Fewer women than men pursue careers in the trauma field. Continuing to provide mentorship, leadership, and scientific recognition will increase gender diversity in TACSCC. We must continue to promote, sponsor, recognize, invite, and elect ‘her’. Level of evidence III, Epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Knight
- Department of Surgery, Jon Michael Moore Trauma Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Bonne
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Heena Santry
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Rachael A Callcut
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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