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Karam S, Gebreil A, Alksas A, Balaha HM, Khalil A, Ghazal M, Contractor S, El-Baz A. Insights into Personalized Care Strategies for Wilms Tumor: A Narrative Literature Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1455. [PMID: 39062028 PMCID: PMC11274555 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT), or nephroblastoma, is the predominant renal malignancy in the pediatric population. This narrative review explores the evolution of personalized care strategies for WT, synthesizing critical developments in molecular diagnostics and treatment approaches to enhance patient-specific outcomes. We surveyed recent literature from the last five years, focusing on high-impact research across major databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Diagnostic advancements, including liquid biopsies and diffusion-weighted MRI, have improved early detection precision. The prognostic significance of genetic markers, particularly WT1 mutations and miRNA profiles, is discussed. Novel predictive tools integrating genetic and clinical data to anticipate disease trajectory and therapy response are explored. Progressive treatment strategies, particularly immunotherapy and targeted agents such as HIF-2α inhibitors and GD2-targeted immunotherapy, are highlighted for their role in personalized treatment protocols, especially for refractory or recurrent WT. This review underscores the necessity for personalized management supported by genetic insights, with improved survival rates for localized disease exceeding 90%. However, knowledge gaps persist in therapies for high-risk patients and strategies to reduce long-term treatment-related morbidity. In conclusion, this narrative review highlights the need for ongoing research, particularly on the long-term outcomes of emerging therapies and integrating multi-omic data to inform clinical decision-making, paving the way for more individualized treatment pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Karam
- Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (S.K.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Ahmad Gebreil
- Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (S.K.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Ahmed Alksas
- Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (S.K.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Hossam Magdy Balaha
- Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (S.K.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- College of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 4783, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohammed Ghazal
- Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Sohail Contractor
- Department of Radiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Ayman El-Baz
- Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (S.K.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (H.M.B.)
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2
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Wojcik HM, Lovvorn HN, Hollingshead M, Pierce J, Stotler H, Murphy AJ, Borgel S, Phelps HM, Correa H, Perantoni AO. Exploiting embryonic niche conditions to grow Wilms tumor blastema in culture. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1091274. [PMID: 37007076 PMCID: PMC10061139 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1091274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionWilms Tumor (WT), or nephroblastoma, is the most common pediatric kidney cancer. Most WTs display a “favorable” triphasic histology, in which the tumor is comprised of blastemal, stromal, and epithelial cell types. Blastemal predominance after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or diffuse anaplasia (“unfavorable” histology; 5-8%) portend a worse prognosis. Blastema likely provide the putative cancer stem cells (CSCs), which retain molecular and histologic features characteristic of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs), within WTs. NPCs arise in the metanephric mesenchyme (MM) and populate the cap mesenchyme (CM) in the developing kidney. WT blastemal cells, like NPCs, similarly express markers, SIX2 and CITED1. Tumor xenotransplantation is currently the only dependable method to propagate tumor tissue for research or therapeutic screening, since efforts to culture tumors in vitro as monolayers have invariably failed. Therefore, a critical need exists to propagate WT stem cells rapidly and efficiently for high-throughput, real-time drug screening.MethodsPreviously, our lab developed niche conditions that support the propagation of murine NPCs in culture. Applying similar conditions to WTs, we assessed our ability to maintain key NPC "stemness" markers, SIX2, NCAM, and YAP1, and CSC marker ALDHI in cells from five distinct untreated patient tumors.ResultsAccordingly, our culture conditions maintained the expression of these markers in cultured WT cells through multiple passages of rapidly dividing cells.DiscussionThese findings suggest that our culture conditions sustain the WT blastemal population, as previously shown for normal NPCs. As a result, we have developed new WT cell lines and a multi-passage in vitro model for studying the blastemal lineage/CSCs in WTs. Furthermore, this system supports growth of heterogeneous WT cells, upon which potential drug therapies could be tested for efficacy and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M. Wojcik
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Harold N. Lovvorn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Melinda Hollingshead
- Biological Testing Branch/Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Janene Pierce
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Howard Stotler
- Leidos Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Andrew J. Murphy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Suzanne Borgel
- Leidos Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Hannah M. Phelps
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Hernan Correa
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Alan O. Perantoni
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Alan O. Perantoni,
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Hong B, Dong R. Research advances in the targeted therapy and immunotherapy of Wilms tumor: a narrative review. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:1559-1567. [PMID: 35116480 PMCID: PMC8799117 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-3302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric abdominal solid tumor, and its treatment has been a focus of research. For now, the 5-year survival rate of children with Wilms tumor is about 90%. It is difficult to make further progress simply by the improvement of the existing treatments (multi-modal therapy). Therefore, targeted therapy and immunotherapy which have high accuracy and few side effects began to be considered for the treatment of Wilms tumor. At present, though targeted therapy and immunotherapy are rarely used in the treatment of Wilms tumor except in clinical trials, there are dozens of clinical trials research them around the world. The sites in targeted therapy research are mainly focused on insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) pathway, anti-angiogenesis, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, and some miRNAs, etc. And there are three types of study in Wilms tumor immunotherapy, which are inhibition of the COX-2 pathway, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, and multi-tumor associated antigen (TAA)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) therapy. Among them, the phase I clinical trial of multi-TAA-specific CTL (MTAA-CTL) therapy has been completed, and the results are very satisfactory. In this narrative review, we review the basic research and relevant clinical research on targeted therapy and immunotherapy for Wilms tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
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4
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Shenouda S, Kulkarni K, Abuetabh Y, Sergi C. Cancer Stem Cells and their Management in Cancer Therapy. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 15:212-227. [PMID: 32660407 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200713145931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade, the proposed Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) hypothesis has steadily changed the way cancer treatment is approached. CSCs may be the source of the heterogeneous non-tumorigenic cell population included in a neoplasm. Intratumor and intertumoral heterogeneity is a well-known phenomenon that massively entangles the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The literature seems to suggest that heterogeneity develops progressively within tumor-initiating stem cells. CSCs harbor genetic and/or epigenetic alterations that allow them to differentiate into multiple tumor cell types sequentially. OBJECTIVE The CSC hypothesis, cellular therapy, and the most recent patents on CSCs were reviewed. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were screened for this information. Also, an analysis of the most recent data targeting CSCs in pediatric cancer developed at two Canadian institutions is provided. The genes involved with the activation of CSCs and the drugs used to antagonize them are also highlighted. RESULTS It is underlined that (1) CSCs possess stem cell-like properties, including the ability for self-renewal; (2) CSCs can start carcinogenesis and are responsible for tumor recurrence after treatment; (3) Although some limitations have been raised, which may oppose the CSC hypothesis, cancer progression and metastasis have been recognized to be caused by CSCs. CONCLUSION The significant roles of cell therapy may include an auto-transplant with high-dose treatment, an improvement of the immune function, creation of chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and the recruitment of NK cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Shenouda
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ketan Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yasser Abuetabh
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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5
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Rasti A, Madjd Z, Saeednejad Zanjani L, Babashah S, Abolhasani M, Asgari M, Mehrazma M. SMAD4 Expression in Renal Cell Carcinomas Correlates With a Stem-Cell Phenotype and Poor Clinical Outcomes. Front Oncol 2021; 11:581172. [PMID: 34012911 PMCID: PMC8127783 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.581172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most lethal neoplasm of common urologic cancers with poor prognoses. SMAD4 has a principal role in TGF-β (Transformis growth factorβ)-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a key factor in gaining cancer stem cell (CSC) features and tumor aggressiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the expression patterns and clinical significance of SMAD4 in RCC and the impact of its targeting on stem cell/mesenchymal cells and EMT characteristics in renal spheroid derived cells (SDCs) compared to parental cells (PCs) in RCC. The expression pattern and clinical significance of SMAD4 was evaluated in RCC. SDCs were enriched using a sphere culture system. Then SDCs and their PCs were compared with respect to their sphere and colony formation, expression of putative CSC markers, invasiveness as well as expression of genes, including stemness/mesenchymal, SMAD4 and TGFβ1genes. Finally, the effect of SMAD4 knockdown on SDCs was analyzed. We demonstrated that SMAD4 is positively correlated with decreased disease specific survival (DSS) in RCC patients and clear cell RCC (ccRCC) subtype and associates with poor DSS in patients with RCC, especially in ccRCC as the most metastatic RCC subtype. SDCs exhibited higher stem cell/mesenchymal properties. Inhibition of SMAD4 in PCs accelerated the dissociation of SDCs and decreased their clonogenicity, invasiveness, expression of mesenchymal markers and expression of SMAD4 and TGFβ1 genes compared to SDCs before transfection. We suggest that targeting SMAD4 may be useful against renal CSCs and may improve RCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Rasti
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Basic Sciences/Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolhasani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Asgari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Mehrazma
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Fiore PF, Vacca P, Tumino N, Besi F, Pelosi A, Munari E, Marconi M, Caruana I, Pistoia V, Moretta L, Azzarone B. Wilms' Tumor Primary Cells Display Potent Immunoregulatory Properties on NK Cells and Macrophages. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E224. [PMID: 33435455 PMCID: PMC7826641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response plays a crucial defensive role in cancer growth and metastasis and is a promising target in different tumors. The role of the immune system in Wilm's Tumor (WT), a common pediatric renal malignancy, is still to be explored. The characterization of the immune environment in WT could allow the identification of new therapeutic strategies for targeting possible inhibitory mechanisms and/or lowering toxicity of the current treatments. In this study, we stabilized four WT primary cultures expressing either a blastematous (CD56+/CD133-) or an epithelial (CD56-/CD133+) phenotype and investigated their interactions with innate immune cells, namely NK cells and monocytes. We show that cytokine-activated NK cells efficiently kill WT cells. However, after co-culture with WT primary cells, NK cells displayed an impaired cytotoxic activity, decreased production of IFNγ and expression of CD107a, DNAM-1 and NKp30. Analysis of the effects of the interaction between WT cells and monocytes revealed their polarization towards alternatively activated macrophages (M2) that, in turn, further impaired NK cell functions. In conclusion, we show that both WT blastematous and epithelial components may contribute directly and indirectly to a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment that is likely to play a role in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Filomena Fiore
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Paola Vacca
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Francesca Besi
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Enrico Munari
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Marcella Marconi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, 37024 Verona, Italy;
| | - Ignazio Caruana
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation University Children’s Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Bruno Azzarone
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (P.V.); (N.T.); (F.B.); (A.P.); (V.P.)
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7
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Ke Y, Wu C, Zeng Y, Chen M, Li Y, Xie C, Zhou Y, Zhong Y, Yu H. Radiosensitization of Clioquinol Combined with Zinc in the Nasopharyngeal Cancer Stem-like Cells by Inhibiting Autophagy in Vitro and in Vivo. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:777-789. [PMID: 32071548 PMCID: PMC7019136 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Loco-regional recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiation therapy is one of the main types of treatment failure. This study is aimed to explore the possible causes of inside-field recurrence of NPC patients in order to develop effective treatment methods. Our study indicated that CD44 and autophagy proteins in tumor tissues of patients with recurrent NPC are higher than that of the relapse free patients. The in vitro experiments further confirmed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) were more radioresistant with enhanced autophagy activity. Treatment with clioquinol (CQ) combined with zinc could obviously enhance the radiosensitivity of CNE-2s cells through autophagy inhibition, activation of the caspase system and impairment of DNA damage repair. The in vivo experiments have further consolidated our findings. Our results suggest that CSCs and enhanced autophagy activity may be involved in the inside-field recurrence of NPC, and CQ combined with zinc could be an important therapeutic approach for recurrent NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ke
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoyan Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifei Zeng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengge Chen
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahua Zhong
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijun Yu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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8
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Zhong S, Wu B, Li J, Wang X, Jiang S, Hu F, Dou G, Zhang Y, Sheng C, Zhao G, Li Y, Chen Y. T5224, RSPO2 and AZD5363 are novel drugs against functional pituitary adenoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:9043-9059. [PMID: 31655798 PMCID: PMC6834428 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We tested whether the drugs T5224, RSPO2, and AZD5363 exert therapeutic effects against functioning pituitary adenoma (FPA). We analysed the gene expression profiles of four FPA mRNA microarray datasets (GSE2175, GSE26966, GSE36314, and GSE37153) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and identified genes differentially expressed in FPA vs control tissues. We then carried out Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction network analyses. We also measured the difference in expression of hub genes between human normal pituitary cells and FPA cells using qRT-PCR. Our in vitro colony-formation and MTT assays showed that cell viability, number, and the size of clonogenicities were all lower in the presence of T5224, RSPO2, or AZD536 than in controls. Moreover, flow cytometry experiments showed that the incidence of apoptosis was higher in the presence of T5224, RSPO2, or AZD5363 than among controls, and was increased by increasing the doses of the drugs. This suggests these drugs could be used as therapeutic agents to treat FPA. Finally, we found that cFos, WNT5A, NCAM1, JUP, AKT3, and ADCY1 are abnormally expressed in FPA cells compared to controls, which highlights these genes as potential prognostic and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Chuangchun, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Fangfei Hu
- Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Chuangchun, China
| | - Gaojing Dou
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunjia Sheng
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunqian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Shukrun R, Golan H, Caspi R, Pode-Shakked N, Pleniceanu O, Vax E, Bar-Lev DD, Pri-Chen S, Jacob-Hirsch J, Schiby G, Harari-Steinberg O, Mark-Danieli M, Dekel B, Toren A. NCAM1/FGF module serves as a putative pleuropulmonary blastoma therapeutic target. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:48. [PMID: 31477684 PMCID: PMC6718423 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare pediatric lung neoplasm that recapitulates developmental pathways of early embryonic lungs. As lung development proceeds with highly regulated mesenchymal-epithelial interactions, a DICER1 mutation in PPB generates a faulty lung differentiation program with resultant biphasic tumors composed of a primitive epithelial and mesenchymal stroma with early progenitor blastomatous cells. Deciphering of PPB progression has been hampered by the difficulty of culturing PPB cells, and specifically progenitor blastomatous cells. Here, we show that in contrast with in-vitro culture, establishment of PPB patient-derived xenograft (PDX) in NOD-SCID mice selects for highly proliferating progenitor blastoma overexpressing critical regulators of lung development and multiple imprinted genes. These stem-like tumors were sequentially interrogated by gene profiling to show a FGF module that is activated alongside Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1). Targeting the progenitor blastoma and these transitions with an anti-NCAM1 immunoconjugate (Lorvotuzumab mertansine) inhibited tumor growth and progression providing new paradigms for PPB therapeutics. Altogether, our novel in-vivo PPB xenograft model allowed us to enrich for highly proliferating stem-like cells and to identify FGFR and NCAM1 as two key players that can serve as therapeutic targets in this poorly understood and aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Shukrun
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hana Golan
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Hematology Oncology Research Laboratory, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Revital Caspi
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomi Pode-Shakked
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program 2013, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Oren Pleniceanu
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Einav Vax
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dekel D Bar-Lev
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Sara Pri-Chen
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Jasmine Jacob-Hirsch
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Cancer Research Center and the Wohl Institute of Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ginette Schiby
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Orit Harari-Steinberg
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Mark-Danieli
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Benjamin Dekel
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel. .,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
| | - Amos Toren
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Hematology Oncology Research Laboratory, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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10
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Liu Y, Gao X, Wang S, Yuan X, pang Y, Chen J, Wang J. Cancer Stem Cells are Regulated by STAT3 Signalling in Wilms Tumour. J Cancer 2018; 9:1486-1499. [PMID: 29721059 PMCID: PMC5929094 DOI: 10.7150/jca.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival rates associated with Wilms tumour (WT) remain dismal despite advancements in detection and treatment strategies. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are correlated with the initiation, recurrence and metastasis of tumours, but its impact on Wilms cancer stem cell (WCSC) maintenance remains unclear. In this study, CD133+ cells were successfully isolated from a single-cell suspension of the G401 Wilms tumour cell line using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been implicated in tumorigenesis, but its contribution to the metastatic progression of WCSCs has not been investigated. Here, we show that STAT3 is overexpressed in WCSCs. Activation of STAT3 in WCSCs initiated a forward feedback loop that was responsible for mediating the aggressive malignant character of Wilms tumour cells in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of CD133+ cells with stattic, a STAT3 inhibitor, also inhibited tumour formation and progression in xenograft animal models in vivo. Collectively, these studies revealed a critical role of STAT3 signalling in WCSC proliferation and motility and a role for CD133 in cancer stem-like cell function, providing evidence for CD133 as a potential therapeutic target in Wilms tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Liu
- School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Xuexiang Gao
- School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Xuemin Yuan
- School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Yunqing pang
- School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China,✉ Corresponding authors: Jing Wang, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Western Road, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China. Phone: 0931-8915051, Fax: 0931-8915051, E-mail: and Jian Chen, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang Western Road, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China. E-mail address:
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China,✉ Corresponding authors: Jing Wang, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Western Road, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China. Phone: 0931-8915051, Fax: 0931-8915051, E-mail: and Jian Chen, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang Western Road, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China. E-mail address:
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11
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Hontecillas-Prieto L, García-Domínguez DJ, García-Mejías R, Ramírez-Villar GL, Sáez C, de Álava E. HMGA2 overexpression predicts relapse susceptibility of blastemal Wilms tumor patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115290-115303. [PMID: 29383160 PMCID: PMC5777772 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT) is an embryonal malignant neoplasm of the kidney that accounts for 6-7% of all childhood cancers. WT seems to derive from multipotent embryonic renal stem cells that have failed to differentiate properly. Since mechanisms underlying WT tumorigenesis remain largely unknown, the aim of this study was to explore the expression of embryonic stem cell (ESC) markers in samples of WT patients after chemotherapy treatment SIOP protocol, as the gene expression patterns of ESC are like those of most cancer cells. We found that expression of ESC markers is heterogeneous, and depends on histological WT components. Interestingly, among ESC markers, HMGA2 was expressed significantly stronger in the blastemal component than in the stromal and the normal kidney. Moreover, two subsets of patients of WT blastemal type were identified, depending on the expression levels of HMGA2. High HMGA2 expression levels were significantly associated with a higher proliferation rate (p=0.0345) and worse patient prognosis (p=0.0289). The expression of HMGA2 was a stage-independent factor of clinical outcome in blastemal WT patients. Our multivariate analyses demonstrated the association between LIN28B-LET7A-HMGA2 expression, and the positive correlation between HMGA2 and SLUG expression (p=0.0358) in blastemal WT components. In addition, patients with a poor prognosis and high HMGA2 expression presented high levels of MDR3 (multidrug resistance transporter). Our findings suggest that HMGA2 plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of a subset of blastemal WT, strongly associated with relapse and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J García-Domínguez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Rosa García-Mejías
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Gema L Ramírez-Villar
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Sáez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique de Álava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
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12
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reduce Progression of Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease but Develop Wilms' Tumors. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7428316. [PMID: 28845162 PMCID: PMC5560097 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7428316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs) on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not yet been demonstrated. In this study, we sought to assess whether treatment with iPSs retards progression of CKD when compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Untreated 5/6 nephrectomized rats were compared with CKD animals receiving BMSCs or iPSs. Renal function, histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression were studied. Implanted iPSs were tracked by the SRY gene expression analysis. Both treatments minimized elevation in serum creatinine, significantly improved clearance, and slowed down progression of disease. The proteinuria was reduced only in the iPS group. Both treatments reduced glomerulosclerosis, iPSs decreased macrophage infiltration, and TGF-β was reduced in kidneys from the BMSC group. Both types of treatments increased VEGF gene expression, TGF-β was upregulated only in the iPS group, and IL-10 had low expression in both groups. The SRY gene was found in 5/8 rats treated with iPSs. These 5 animals presented tumors with histology and cells highly staining positive for PCNA and Wilms' tumor protein antibody characteristics of Wilms' tumor. These results suggest that iPSs may be efficient to retard progression of CKD but carry the risk of Wilms' tumor development.
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13
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Markovsky E, Vax E, Ben-Shushan D, Eldar-Boock A, Shukrun R, Yeini E, Barshack I, Caspi R, Harari-Steinberg O, Pode-Shakked N, Dekel B, Satchi-Fainaro R. Wilms Tumor NCAM-Expressing Cancer Stem Cells as Potential Therapeutic Target for Polymeric Nanomedicine. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2462-2472. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Yuan ZX, Mo J, Zhao G, Shu G, Fu HL, Zhao W. Targeting Strategies for Renal Cell Carcinoma: From Renal Cancer Cells to Renal Cancer Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:423. [PMID: 27891093 PMCID: PMC5103413 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common form of urologic tumor that originates from the highly heterogeneous epithelium of renal tubules. Over the last decade, targeting therapies to renal cancer cells have transformed clinical care for RCC. Recently, it was proposed that renal cancer stem cells (CSCs) isolated from renal carcinomas were responsible for driving tumor growth and resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, according to the theory of CSCs; this has provided the rationale for therapies targeting this aggressive cell population. Precise identification of renal CSC populations and the complete cell hierarchy will accurately inform characterization of disease subtypes. This will ultimately contribute to more personalized and targeted therapies. Here, we summarize potential targeting strategies for renal cancer cells and renal CSCs, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR), interleukins, CSC marker inhibitors, bone morphogenetic protein-2, antibody drug conjugates, and nanomedicine. In conclusion, targeting therapies for RCC represent new directions for exploration and clinical investigation and they plant a seed of hope for advanced clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Guixian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Lin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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15
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Myszczyszyn A, Czarnecka AM, Matak D, Szymanski L, Lian F, Kornakiewicz A, Bartnik E, Kukwa W, Kieda C, Szczylik C. The Role of Hypoxia and Cancer Stem Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016. [PMID: 26210994 PMCID: PMC4653234 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-015-9611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (CSC) model has recently been approached also in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A few populations of putative renal tumor-initiating cells (TICs) were identified, but they are indifferently understood; however, the first and most thoroughly investigated are CD105-positive CSCs. The article presents a detailed comparison of all renal CSC-like populations identified by now as well as their presumable origin. Hypoxic activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) contributes to tumor aggressiveness by multiple molecular pathways, including the governance of immature stem cell-like phenotype and related epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)/de-differentiation, and, as a result, poor prognosis. Due to intrinsic von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL) loss of function, clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) develops unique pathological intra-cellular pseudo-hypoxic phenotype with a constant HIF activation, regardless of oxygen level. Despite satisfactory evidence concerning pseudo-hypoxia importance in RCC biology, its influence on putative renal CSC-like largely remains unknown. Thus, the article discusses a current knowledge of HIF-1α/2α signaling pathways in the promotion of undifferentiated tumor phenotype in general, including some experimental findings specific for pseudo-hypoxic ccRCC, mostly dependent from HIF-2α oncogenic functions. Existing gaps in understanding both putative renal CSCs and their potential connection with hypoxia need to be filled in order to propose breakthrough strategies for RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Myszczyszyn
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Czarnecka
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Damian Matak
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.,School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Szymanski
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fei Lian
- Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anna Kornakiewicz
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.,School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of General Surgery and Transplantology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kukwa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Czerniakowski Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Orléans, France
| | - Cezary Szczylik
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Renal Cancer Stem Cells: Characterization and Targeted Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8342625. [PMID: 27293448 PMCID: PMC4884584 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8342625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a major neoplasm with high incidence in western countries. Tumors are heterogeneous and are composed of differentiated cancer cells, stromal cells, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs possess two main properties: self-renewal and proliferation. Additionally, they can generate new tumors once transplanted into immunodeficient mice. Several approaches have been described to identify them, through the expression of cell markers, functional assays, or a combination of both. As CSCs are involved in the resistance mechanisms to radio- and chemotherapies, several new strategies have been proposed to directly target CSCs in RCC. One approach drives CSCs to differentiate into cancer cells sensitive to conventional treatments, while the other proposes to eradicate them selectively. A series of innovative therapies aiming at eliminating CSCs have been designed to treat other types of cancer and have not been experimented with on RCC yet, but they reveal themselves to be promising. In conclusion, CSCs are an important player in carcinogenesis and represent a valid target for therapy in RCC patients.
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17
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Lu J, Tao YF, Li ZH, Cao L, Hu SY, Wang NN, Du XJ, Sun LC, Zhao WL, Xiao PF, Fang F, Xu LX, Li YH, Li G, Zhao H, Ni J, Wang J, Feng X, Pan J. Analyzing the gene expression profile of anaplastic histology Wilms' tumor with real-time polymerase chain reaction arrays. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:44. [PMID: 26136641 PMCID: PMC4486424 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wilms’ tumor (WT) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms of the urinary tract in children. Anaplastic histology (unfavorable histology) accounts for about 10% of whole WTs, and it is the single most important histologic predictor of treatment response and survival in patients with WT; however, until now the molecular basis of this phenotype is not very clearly. Methods A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was designed and tested. Next, the gene expression profile of pediatric anaplastic histology WT and normal adjacent tissues were analyzed. These expression data were anlyzed with Multi Experiment View (MEV) cluster software further. Datasets representing genes with altered expression profiles derived from cluster analyses were imported into the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Tool (IPA). Results 88 real-time PCR primer pairs for quantitative gene expression analysis of key genes involved in pediatric anaplastic histology WT were designed and tested. The gene expression profile of pediatric anaplastic histology WT is significantly different from adjacent normal controls; we identified 15 genes that are up-regulated and 16 genes that are down-regulated in the former. To investigate biological interactions of these differently regulated genes, datasets representing genes with altered expression profiles were imported into the IPA for further analysis, which revealed three significant networks: Cancer, Hematological Disease, and Gene Expression, which included 27 focus molecules and a significance score of 43. The IPA analysis also grouped the differentially expressed genes into biological mechanisms related to Cell Death and Survival 1.15E−12, Cellular Development 2.84E−11, Cellular Growth and Proliferation 2.84E-11, Gene Expression 4.43E−10, and DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair 1.39E−07. The important upstream regulators of pediatric anaplastic histology WT were TP53 and TGFβ1 signaling (P = 1.15E−14 and 3.79E−13, respectively). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the gene expression profile of pediatric anaplastic histology WT is significantly different from adjacent normal tissues with real-time PCR array. We identified some genes that are dysregulated in pediatric anaplastic histology WT for the first time, such as HDAC7, and IPA analysis showed the most important pathways for pediatric anaplastic histology WT are TP53 and TGFβ1 signaling. This work may provide new clues into the molecular mechanisms behind pediatric anaplastic histology WT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-015-0197-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fang Tao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lan Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 5th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Yin chuan, China
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Li Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pei-Fang Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Xiao Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Translational Research Center, Second Hospital, The Second Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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18
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Shukrun R, Pode-Shakked N, Pleniceanu O, Omer D, Vax E, Peer E, Pri-Chen S, Jacob J, Hu Q, Harari-Steinberg O, Huff V, Dekel B. Wilms' tumor blastemal stem cells dedifferentiate to propagate the tumor bulk. Stem Cell Reports 2014; 3:24-33. [PMID: 25068119 PMCID: PMC4110791 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An open question remains in cancer stem cell (CSC) biology whether CSCs are by definition at the top of the differentiation hierarchy of the tumor. Wilms’ tumor (WT), composed of blastema and differentiated renal elements resembling the nephrogenic zone of the developing kidney, is a valuable model for studying this question because early kidney differentiation is well characterized. WT neural cell adhesion molecule 1-positive (NCAM1+) aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive (ALDH1+) CSCs have been recently isolated and shown to harbor early renal progenitor traits. Herein, by generating pure blastema WT xenografts, composed solely of cells expressing the renal developmental markers SIX2 and NCAM1, we surprisingly show that sorted ALDH1+ WT CSCs do not correspond to earliest renal stem cells. Rather, gene expression and proteomic comparative analyses disclose a cell type skewed more toward epithelial differentiation than the bulk of the blastema. Thus, WT CSCs are likely to dedifferentiate to propagate WT blastema. The Wilms’ tumor (WT) blastema can be exclusively propagated in mice Gene and protein analyses place the WT CSC at a specific developmental stage WT CSCs do not correspond to the earliest renal stem cells WT CSCs are likely to dedifferentiate to propagate WT blastema
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Shukrun
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Naomi Pode-Shakked
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program 2013, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Oren Pleniceanu
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dorit Omer
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Einav Vax
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Eyal Peer
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sara Pri-Chen
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
| | - Jasmine Jacob
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
| | - Qianghua Hu
- Department of Genetics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Orit Harari-Steinberg
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
| | - Vicki Huff
- Department of Genetics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin Dekel
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sheba Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Corresponding author
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19
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McLean TW. High dose therapy for recurrent Wilms' tumor. Transl Pediatr 2014; 3:25-8. [PMID: 26835319 PMCID: PMC4728858 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2013.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for most patients with newly diagnosed Wilms' tumor (WT) is excellent, but those who have recurrent or refractory disease have a significantly worse prognosis. High dose chemotherapy (HDT) requiring autologous stem-cell rescue has been tried for recurrent WT with variable results, but no randomized clinical trial has ever been performed. A recent review by T.C. Ha and colleagues of the published cases to date suggests HDT may be beneficial to the very high risk subset of patients with recurrent WT, but this conclusion is fraught with the caveats of any retrospective review. A prospective clinical trial would be challenging to complete but with careful planning and international collaboration it could be accomplished. Such a trial is likely the only way to know with certainty the safety and efficacy of HDT for recurrent WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W McLean
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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