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Röhr S, Rodriguez FS, Siemensmeyer R, Müller F, Romero-Ortuno R, Riedel-Heller SG. How can urban environments support dementia risk reduction? A qualitative study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37. [PMID: 34571579 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interventions to reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia largely focus on individual-level strategies. To maximize risk reduction, it is also necessary to consider the environment. With the majority of older people living in cities, we explored how urban environments could support risk reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our qualitative study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with community members aged ≥65 years and stakeholders, all living in Leipzig, Germany. Interview guides were informed by the framework on modifiable risk factors for dementia of the Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention, Intervention, and Care. Interviews were audio-recorded, verbatim-transcribed, and thematically analysed. RESULTS Community members (n = 10) were M = 73.7 (SD = 6.0) years old and 50% were women. Stakeholders (n = 10) were aged 39-72 years, and 70% were women. Stakeholders' fields included architecture, cultural/arts education, environmental sciences, geriatrics, health policy, information and technology, philosophy, psychology, public health, and urban sociology. Across interviews with both older individuals and stakeholders, three main themes were identified: (i) social participation and inclusion (emphasizing social contacts, social housing, intergenerationality, neighbourhood assistance, information and orientation, digital and technological literacy, lifelong learning, co-creation/co-design), (ii) proximity and accessibility (emphasizing proximity and reachability, mobility, affordability, access to health care, access to cultural events, public toilets), (iii) local recreation and wellbeing (emphasizing safety in traffic, security, cleanliness and environmental protection, urban greenery, climate change and heat waves, outdoor physical activity). DISCUSSION The design of urban environments holds large potential to create favourable conditions for community-dwelling individuals to practice lifestyles that promote brain health. Public policy should involve community members in co-creating such environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Röhr
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francisca S Rodriguez
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rosa Siemensmeyer
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felix Müller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Discipline of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Lu H, He H, Liu Q, Cai J, Mo C, Liu S, Chen S, Xu X, Tang X, Qin J, Zhang Z. Geographical distinctions of longevity indicators and their correlation with climatic factors in the area where most Chinese Yao are distributed. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:97-110. [PMID: 34668027 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Longevity research is a hot topic in the health field. Considerable research focuses on longevity phenomenon in Bama Yao Autonomous County, which has a typical karst landform and is located in Southwest China. This study aims to illustrate the spatial feature of longevity indicators in other Yao areas, to analyze the correlation between climatic factors and longevity indicators, and to provide new clues and targets for further longevity studies. We collect and integrate population, climate, and terrain data into a spatial database. The main analysis methods include spatial autocorrelation, high/low clustering, and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR). Two longevity clusters are identified in Guijiang River Basin (longevity index (LI%): 2.49 ± 0.63) and Liujiang River Basin (LI%: 2.13 ± 0.60). The spatial distribution of longevity indicators is autocorrelative (Moran's I = 0.652, p < 0.001) and clustered significantly (Z score = 4.268, p < 0.001). MGWR shows that the atmospheric pressure significantly affects the spatial distribution of LI% (estimate value (EV) = - 0.566, p = 0.012), centenarity index (CI%) (EV = - 0.425, p = 0.007), UC (EV = - 0.502, p = 0.006), and CH (EV = - 0.497, p = 0.007). Rainfall significantly affects the spatial distribution of LI% (EV = 0.300, p = 0.003) and CI% (EV = - 0.191, p = 0.016). The spatial distribution of the main longevity indicators shows significant heterogeneity and autocorrelation, and they cluster in the Guijiang River and Liujiang River basins. Atmospheric pressure and rainfall may contribute to the longevity phenomenon through complex mechanisms. The longevity phenomenon in the Yao nationality in Guijiang River Basin requires further study to improve our understanding of the health effect of meteorological, environmental, and social conditions on longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiang Lu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project, Guangxi Center of Diseases Prevention and Control, 18 Jinzhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Haoyu He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, 20 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chunbao Mo
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, 20 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiu Dong Rd., Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xia Xu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xu Tang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian Qin
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, 20 Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Zhou W, Wang W, Fan C, Zhou F, Ling L. Residential elevation and its effects on hypertension incidence among older adults living at low altitudes: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:19. [PMID: 35527011 PMCID: PMC9251620 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.22-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on the relationship between residential altitude and hypertension incidence has been inconclusive. Evidence at low altitudes (i.e., <1,500 m) is scarce, let alone in older adults, a population segment with the highest hypertension prevalence. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine whether hypertension risk may be affected by altitude in older adults living at low altitudes. Methods This prospective cohort study collected data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We selected 6,548 older adults (≥65 years) without hypertension at baseline (2008) and assessed events by the follow-up surveys done in 2011, 2014, and 2018 waves. The mean altitude of 613 residential units (county or district) in which the participants resided was extracted from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and was accurate to within 30 m. The Cox regression model with penalized splines examined the linear or nonlinear link between altitude and hypertension. A random-effects Cox regression model was used to explore the linear association between altitude and hypertension. Results The overall rate of incident hypertension was 8.6 per 100-person years. The median altitude was 130.0 m (interquartile range [IQR] = 315.5 m). We observed that the exposure–response association between altitude and hypertension incidence was not linear. The shape of the exposure–response curve showed that three change points existed. Hypertension risk increased from the lowest to the first change point (247.1 m) and slightly fluctuated until the last change point (633.9 m). The risk decreased above the last change point. According to the categories stratified by the change points, altitude was only significantly associated with hypertension risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.003; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.002–1.005) under the first change point (247.1 m) after adjusting for related covariates. Conclusion Our study found that the association between altitude and hypertension risk might not be linear. We hope the further study can be conducted to confirm the generality of our findings. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.22-00001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensu Zhou
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Chaonan Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Fenfen Zhou
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University
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Larrick JW, Larrick JW, Mendelsohn AR. Response to Hypoxia in Cognitive Decline. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:319-324. [PMID: 34314252 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammaging, the increase of proinflammatory processes with increasing age, has multiple mechanisms from increasing numbers of senescent cells secreting cytokines to changes in metabolic processes. Alterations of oxygen metabolism with aging, especially decreased levels of O2 with age resulting from endocrine and cardiovascular dysfunction as well as desensitization of cellular response to hypoxia, may exacerbate inflammaging, which in turn creates further oxygen metabolic dysfunction. During aging, decline in levels of erythrocyte 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG), BPG mutase, and adenosine A2B receptor, a key adenosine signaling receptor that can augment 2,3-BPG expression, may fail to protect sensitive brain tissue from subtly reduced O2 levels, in turn resulting in increased numbers of activated microglia and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, ultimately promoting inflammaging and senescence of endothelial cells. Interventions to restore O2 levels directly or via increasing 2,3-BPG may help promote cognitive health in old age, but significant work to quantify the degree of reduced O2 during aging in mammals, and especially humans, needs to be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Larrick
- Panorama Research Institute and Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Jasmine W Larrick
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrew R Mendelsohn
- Panorama Research Institute and Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
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Zhou G, Feng YM, Li ZC, Tao LY, Kong WS, Xie RF, Zhou X. Fingerprinting and Determination of Hepatotoxic Constituents in Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata of Different Producing Places by HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:440-449. [PMID: 34240129 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP) is used as Chinese herbal medicine with long history. However, reports about PMRP hepatotoxicity have increased recently, and producing area might be one reason. This article aims to figure out the relationship between producing area and hepatotoxic ingredients in PMRP. HPLC fingerprint for PMRP was established and the contents of gallic acid, trans-stilbene glycoside (TSG), emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (EG), emodin and physcion were determined. Clustering heatmap was implemented by TCMNPAS software,and principal component analysis was implemented by SPSS and SIMCA-P software. Hepatotoxic constituents' contents of PMRP from separate producing area were different. PMRP from Guangxi had the highest content of gallic acid, TSG, EG, emodin and physcion, followed by Hubei, Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan. PMRP from Henan had the lowest contents of hepatotoxic components. Hepatotoxic components' contents of PMRP in southern were higher than central China. This study carried out a preliminary qualitative and quantitative investigation on the PMRP from different producing places, which provided a basis for safe medication of PMRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ming Feng
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Li
- Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Gongwei Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201300, China
| | - Li-Yu Tao
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Song Kong
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui-Fang Xie
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
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Plagg B, Zerbe S. How does the environment affect human ageing? An interdisciplinary review. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2020. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Huang Z, Chen Y, Zhou W, Li X, Qin Q, Fei Y, Dong X, Yu F. Analyzing functional status and its correlates in Chinese centenarians: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2020; 22:639-647. [PMID: 32141149 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Factors affecting independence in basic and instrumental activities of daily living have been established in older adults, but not centenarians. The purpose of this study was to examine the state and factors affecting activities of daily living independence in centenarians who resided in Guangxi Province, China. A cross-sectional design was used. Activities of daily living, physical activity, mobility, and physical performance were measured by the Population Study of ChINese Elderly study instruments, and demographics and cognition were assessed. Of the 228 participants, 57% were independent in basic activities of daily living and 5.7% in instrumental activities of daily living. Stepwise regression showed physical activity, cognition, calf circumference, and self-reported health were associated with basic activities of daily living. Physical activity, mobility, cognition, and physical performance were correlated with instrumental activities of daily living. In conclusion, the Chinese centenarians showed impaired instrumental activities of daily living but mostly maintained basic functioning. Physical activity and cognition were associated with activities of daily living independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Huang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, China
| | - Yuzhu Chen
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute of Nutrition and School Health, Nanning, China
| | - Weiwen Zhou
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute of Nutrition and School Health, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute of Nutrition and School Health, Nanning, China
| | - Qiulan Qin
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Institute of Nutrition and School Health, Nanning, China
| | - Yunqing Fei
- University of Minnesota Center for Global Health and Social Responsibility, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xinqi Dong
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, Rutgers, New Jersey, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Xu X, Zhao Y, Xia S, Zhang X. Investigation of multi-scale spatio-temporal pattern of oldest-old clusters in China on the basis of spatial scan statistics. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219695. [PMID: 31348778 PMCID: PMC6660084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ageing is becoming a considerable public health burden in China, which produces great societal development challenges. Healthy and active longevity could ease the ageing burden on families and communities. To date, most studies of the oldest-old distribution are focused on a simple scale from spatial perspective, and the multi-scale spatio-temporal clusters trend in the oldest-old population has not yet been determined. Thus, the objective in present study is to use a new method to evaluate the spatio-temporal pattern and detect the risk clusters in the oldest-old population from three scales. Methods Individuals aged 65 years or older and individuals aged 80 years or older on three scales in China from 2000 to 2010 were used. The exploratory spatial data analysis was performed using Moran’s I statistic, and the pattern of the oldest-old clusters among humans was examined by using the spatial scan statistical method. Then, spatial stratified heterogeneity was used to explore the factors affecting the spatial heterogeneity of the oldest-old population. Results The oldest-old index in the southeast coastal areas is higher than that in the northwest inland areas in China. A three-ladder terrain distribution of the oldest-old index from west to east is obvious. The overall pattern of the oldest-old index evolves from a “concave” shape to an “east-west uplift, and northern collapse” shape. Space-time analysis revealed that high-risk areas were concentrated in five regions: the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Southeast Coast, Sichuan and Chongqing, and the Central Plains. The oldest-old cluster at different scales shows a similar pattern, but local differences exist. The risk at the prefecture scale and county scale is greater than at the interprovincial scale; the sublevel can identify clusters that have not been identified at the previous level, especially the bordering areas of prefectures and counties; and more risk units and greater relative risk are found in urban areas than in rural areas. Conclusions The results emphasized that spatial scan statistics can be used to estimate the spatial clusters of the oldest-old people. The detection of these clusters might be highly useful in the surveillance of the ageing phenomenon, thus helping local public health authorities measure the population burden at all locations, identifying geographical areas that require more attention, and evaluating the impacts of intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- School of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- School of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- International Center for Aging and Health Studies (Nanjing Normal University), Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Siyou Xia
- School of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlin Zhang
- School of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
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