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Sembiring I, Wahyuni SN, Sediyono E. LSTM algorithm optimization for COVID-19 prediction model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26158. [PMID: 38440291 PMCID: PMC10909716 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of predictive models for infectious diseases, specifically COVID-19, is an important step in early control efforts to reduce the mortality rate. However, traditional time series prediction models used to analyze the disease spread trends often encounter challenges related to accuracy, necessitating the need to develop prediction models with enhanced accuracy. Therefore, this research aimed to develop a prediction model based on the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to better predict the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. The proposed optimized LSTM (popLSTM) model was compared with Basic LSTM and improved MinMaxScaler developed earlier using COVID-19 dataset taken from previous research. The dataset was collected from four countries with a high daily increase in confirmed cases, including Hong Kong, South Korea, Italy, and Indonesia. The results showed significantly improved accuracy in the optimized model compared to the previous research methods. The contributions of popLSTM included 1) Incorporating the output results on the output gate to effectively filter more detailed information compared to the previous model, and 2) Reducing the error value by considering the hidden state on the output gate to improve accuracy. popLSTM in this experiment exhibited a significant 4% increase in accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irwan Sembiring
- Satya Wacana Christian University, 50711, Salatiga, Indonesia
| | | | - Eko Sediyono
- Satya Wacana Christian University, 50711, Salatiga, Indonesia
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2
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Debnath S, Roy P, Namasudra S, Crespo RG. Audio-Visual Automatic Speech Recognition Towards Education for Disabilities. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:3581-3594. [PMID: 35819585 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Education is a fundamental right that enriches everyone's life. However, physically challenged people often debar from the general and advanced education system. Audio-Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (AV-ASR) based system is useful to improve the education of physically challenged people by providing hands-free computing. They can communicate to the learning system through AV-ASR. However, it is challenging to trace the lip correctly for visual modality. Thus, this paper addresses the appearance-based visual feature along with the co-occurrence statistical measure for visual speech recognition. Local Binary Pattern-Three Orthogonal Planes (LBP-TOP) and Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) is proposed for visual speech information. The experimental results show that the proposed system achieves 76.60 % accuracy for visual speech and 96.00 % accuracy for audio speech recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Debnath
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alliance University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pinki Roy
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Suyel Namasudra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, India.
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.
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Li G, Lu J, Chen K, Yang H. A new hybrid prediction model of COVID-19 daily new case data. ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2023; 125:106692. [PMID: 38620125 PMCID: PMC10291292 DOI: 10.1016/j.engappai.2023.106692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
With the emergence of new mutant corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) strains such as Delta and Omicron, the number of infected people in various countries has reached a new high. Accurate prediction of the number of infected people is of far-reaching sig Nificance to epidemiological prevention in all countries of the world. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of COVID-19 daily new case data, a new hybrid prediction model of COVID-19 is proposed, which consists of four modules: decomposition, complexity judgment, prediction and error correction. Firstly, singular spectrum decomposition is used to decompose the COVID-19 data into singular spectrum components (SSC). Secondly, the complexity judgment is innovatively divided into high-complexity SSC and low-complexity SSC by neural network estimation time entropy. Thirdly, an improved LSSVM by GODLIKE optimization algorithm, named GLSSVM, is proposed to improve its prediction accuracy. Then, each low-complexity SSC is predicted by ARIMA, and each high-complexity SSC is predicted by GLSSVM, and the prediction error of each high-complexity SSC is predicted by GLSSVM. Finally, the predicted results are combined and reconstructed. Simulation experiments in Japan, Germany and Russia show that the proposed model has the highest prediction accuracy and the lowest prediction error. Diebold Mariano (DM) test is introduced to evaluate the model comprehensively. Taking Japan as an example, compared with ARIMA prediction model, the RMSE, average error and MAPE of the proposed model are reduced by 93.17%, 91.42% and 81.20% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710121, China
| | - Jin Lu
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710121, China
| | - Kang Chen
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710121, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710121, China
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Mishra S, Singh T, Kumar M, Satakshi. Multivariate time series short term forecasting using cumulative data of coronavirus. EVOLVING SYSTEMS 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37359316 PMCID: PMC10239659 DOI: 10.1007/s12530-023-09509-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus emerged as a highly contagious, pathogenic virus that severely affects the respiratory system of humans. The epidemic-related data is collected regularly, which machine learning algorithms can employ to comprehend and estimate valuable information. The analysis of the gathered data through time series approaches may assist in developing more accurate forecasting models and strategies to combat the disease. This paper focuses on short-term forecasting of cumulative reported incidences and mortality. Forecasting is conducted utilizing state-of-the-art mathematical and deep learning models for multivariate time series forecasting, including extended susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR), long-short-term memory (LSTM), and vector autoregression (VAR). The SEIR model has been extended by integrating additional information such as hospitalization, mortality, vaccination, and quarantine incidences. Extensive experiments have been conducted to compare deep learning and mathematical models that enable us to estimate fatalities and incidences more precisely based on mortality in the eight most affected nations during the time of this research. The metrics like mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) are employed to gauge the model's effectiveness. The deep learning model LSTM outperformed all others in terms of forecasting accuracy. Additionally, the study explores the impact of vaccination on reported epidemics and deaths worldwide. Furthermore, the detrimental effects of ambient temperature and relative humidity on pathogenic virus dissemination have been analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryanshi Mishra
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, SHUATS, Prayagraj, U.P. India
| | - Tinku Singh
- Department of IT, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P. India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of IT, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P. India
| | - Satakshi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, SHUATS, Prayagraj, U.P. India
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Liu XD, Wang W, Yang Y, Hou BH, Olasehinde TS, Feng N, Dong XP. Nesting the SIRV model with NAR, LSTM and statistical methods to fit and predict COVID-19 epidemic trend in Africa. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:138. [PMID: 36658494 PMCID: PMC9851734 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-14992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compared with other regions in the world, the transmission characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Africa are more obvious, has a unique transmission mode in this region; At the same time, the data related to the COVID-19 epidemic in Africa is characterized by low data quality and incomplete data coverage, which makes the prediction method of COVID-19 epidemic suitable for other regions unable to achieve good results in Africa. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a prediction method that nests the in-depth learning method in the mechanism model. From the experimental results, it can better solve the above problems and better adapt to the transmission characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in African countries. METHODS Based on the SIRV model, the COVID-19 transmission rate and trend from September 2021 to January 2022 of the top 15 African countries (South Africa, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Zambia, Algeria, Botswana, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Uganda, and Ghana) in the accumulative number of COVID-19 confirmed cases was fitted by using the data from Worldometer. Non-autoregressive (NAR), Long-short term memory (LSTM), Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, Gaussian and polynomial functions were used to predict the transmission rate β in the next 7, 14, and 21 days. Then, the predicted transmission rate βs were substituted into the SIRV model to predict the number of the COVID-19 active cases. The error analysis was conducted using root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). RESULTS The fitting curves of the 7, 14, and 21 days were consistent with and higher than the original curves of daily active cases (DAC). The MAPE between the fitted and original 7-day DAC was only 1.15% and increased with the longer of predict days. Both the predicted β and DAC of the next 7, 14, and 21 days by NAR and LSTM nested models were closer to the real ones than other three ones. The minimum RMSEs for the predicted number of COVID-19 active cases in the next 7, 14, and 21 days were 12,974, 14,152, and 12,211 people, respectively when the order of magnitude for was 106, with the minimum MAPE being 1.79%, 1.97%, and 1.64%, respectively. CONCLUSION Nesting the SIRV model with NAR, LSTM, ARIMA methods etc. through functionalizing β respectively could obtain more accurate fitting and predicting results than these models/methods alone for the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Africa in which nesting with NAR had the highest accuracy for the 14-day and 21-day predictions. The nested model was of high significance for early understanding of the COVID-19 disease burden and preparedness for the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Liu
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124 P. R. China ,grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Systems, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124 P. R. China ,grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Systems, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124 P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124 P. R. China
| | - Bo-Han Hou
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124 P. R. China
| | - Toba Stephen Olasehinde
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100098 P. R. China
| | - Ning Feng
- Center for Global Public Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Room 211, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, 102206, Beijing, China.
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Shehab M, Abu-Hashem MA, Shambour MKY, Alsalibi AI, Alomari OA, Gupta JND, Alsoud AR, Abuhaija B, Abualigah L. A Comprehensive Review of Bat Inspired Algorithm: Variants, Applications, and Hybridization. ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING : STATE OF THE ART REVIEWS 2022; 30:765-797. [PMID: 36157973 PMCID: PMC9490733 DOI: 10.1007/s11831-022-09817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bat algorithm (BA) is one of the promising metaheuristic algorithms. It proved its efficiency in dealing with various optimization problems in diverse fields, such as power and energy systems, economic load dispatch problems, engineering design, image processing and medical applications. Thus, this review introduces a comprehensive and exhaustive review of the BA, as well as evaluates its main characteristics by comparing it with other optimization algorithms. The review paper highlights the performance of BA in different applications and the modifications that have been conducted by researchers (i.e., variants of BA). At the end, the conclusions focus on the current work on BA, highlighting its weaknesses, and suggest possible future research directions. The review paper will be helpful for the researchers and practitioners of BA belonging to a wide range of audiences from the domains of optimization, engineering, medical, data mining and clustering. As well, it is wealthy in research on health, environment and public safety. Also, it will aid those who are interested by providing them with potential future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shehab
- Faculty of Computer Sciences and Informatics, Amman Arab University, Amman, 11953 Jordan
| | - Muhannad A. Abu-Hashem
- Department of Geomatics, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Khaled Yousef Shambour
- The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Institute for Hajj and Umrah Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Izzat Alsalibi
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Israa University, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | | | - Anas Ratib Alsoud
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328 Jordan
| | - Belal Abuhaija
- Department of Computer Science, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Laith Abualigah
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328 Jordan
- Faculty of Information Technology, Middle East University, Amman, 11831 Jordan
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Arif M, Shamsudheen S, Ajesh F, Wang G, Chen J. AI bot to detect fake COVID-19 vaccine certificate. IET INFORMATION SECURITY 2022; 16:362-372. [PMID: 35942003 PMCID: PMC9348167 DOI: 10.1049/ise2.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the world is now fighting against rampant virus COVID-19, the development of vaccines on a large scale and making it reach millions of people to be immunised has become quintessential. So far 40.9% of the world got vaccinated. Still, there are more to get vaccinated. Those who got vaccinated have the chance of getting the vaccine certificate as proof to move, work, etc., based on their daily requirements. But others create their own forged vaccine certificate using advanced software and digital tools which will create complex problems where we cannot distinguish between real and fake vaccine certificates. Also, it will create immense pressure on the government and as well as healthcare workers as they have been trying to save people from day 1, but parallelly people who have fake vaccine certificates roam around even if they are COVID/Non-COVID patients. So, to avoid this huge problem, this paper focuses on detecting fake vaccine certificates using a bot powered by Artificial Intelligence and neurologically powered by Deep Learning in which the following are the stages: a) Data Collection, b) Preprocessing to remove noise from the data, and convert to grayscale and normalised, c) Error level analysis, d) Texture-based feature extraction for extracting logo, symbol and for the signature we extract Crest-Trough parameter, and e) Classification using DenseNet201 and thereby giving the results as fake/real certificate. The evaluation of the model is taken over performance measures like accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, detection rate, recall, f1-score, and computation time over state-of-art models such as SVM, RNN, VGG16, Alexnet, and CNN in which the proposed model (D201-LBP) outperforms with an accuracy of 0.94.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- School of Computer ScienceGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shermin Shamsudheen
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia
| | - F Ajesh
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSree Buddha College of EngineeringAlappuzhaIndia
| | - Guojun Wang
- School of Computer ScienceGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianer Chen
- School of Computer ScienceGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
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8
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Early Warning of Infectious Diseases in Hospitals Based on Multi-Self-Regression Deep Neural Network. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:8990907. [PMID: 36032546 PMCID: PMC9410942 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8990907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Infectious diseases usually spread rapidly. This study aims to develop a model that can provide fine-grained early warnings of infectious diseases using real hospital data combined with disease transmission characteristics, weather, and other multi-source data. Methods. Based on daily data reported for infectious diseases collected from several large general hospitals in China between 2012 and 2020, seven common infectious diseases in medical institutions were screened and a multi self-regression deep (MSRD) neural network was constructed. Using a recurrent neural network as the basic structure, the model can effectively model the epidemiological trend of infectious diseases by considering the current influencing conditions while taking into account the historical development characteristics in time-series data. The fitting and prediction accuracy of the model were evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error. Results. The proposed approach is significantly better than the existing infectious disease dynamics model, susceptible-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR), as it addresses the concerns of difficult-to-obtain quantitative data such as latent population, overfitting of long time series, and considering only a single series of the number of sick people without considering the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases. We also compare certain machine learning methods in this study. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves an MAE of 0.6928 and 1.3782 for hand, foot, and mouth disease and influenza, respectively. Conclusion. The MRSD-based infectious disease prediction model proposed in this paper can provide daily and instantaneous updates and accurate predictions for epidemic trends.
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Jing Y, Mingfang Z, Yafang C. Evaluation Model of College English Education Effect Based on Big Data Analysis. JOURNAL OF INFORMATION & KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219649222500460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation system of education effect is an important part of the whole teaching process, and the establishment of the evaluation system of college English teaching effect is an important work to test the effect of college English teaching. The traditional evaluation model is widely used and cannot be applied to a variety of teaching situations. Therefore, this paper proposes an evaluation model of college English education effect based on big data analysis. This paper determines the selection principle of the evaluation index of college English education effect, and on this basis, selects the evaluation index factors of college English education effect (experts, students and teachers), calculates the weight and membership matrix of the evaluation index, and outputs the comprehensive evaluation results of college English education effect, which realizes the construction of the evaluation model of college English education effect. The results show that: under the background of the experimental subjects (senior one and senior two), the evaluation errors of English education effect meet the needs of colleges and universities, which proves that the construction model is effective and feasible, and provides the basis and support for the reform of college English education. The range of assessment errors is between 0.78% and 1.44%, all consistent with the demands of the evaluation of the English education effect which demonstrates that the model is successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jing
- School of Foreign Languages, Jiaozuo University, Jiaozuo 454000, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Mingfang
- School of Foreign Languages, Jiaozuo University, Jiaozuo 454000, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yafang
- School of Marxism, Jiaozuo University, Jiaozuo 454000, P. R. China
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10
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Malviya S, Kumar P, Namasudra S, Tiwary US. Experience Replay-based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dialogue Management Optimisation. ACM T ASIAN LOW-RESO 2022. [DOI: 10.1145/3539223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dialogue policy is a crucial component in task-oriented Spoken Dialogue Systems (SDSs). As a decision function, it takes the current dialogue state as input and generates appropriate system’s response. In this paper, we explore the reinforcement learning approaches to solve this problem in an Indic language scenario. Recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has been used to optimise the dialogue policy. However, many DRL approaches are not sample-efficient. Hence, particular attention is given to actor-critic methods based on off-policy reinforcement learning that utilise the Experience Replay (ER) technique for reducing the bias and variance to achieve high sample efficiency. ER based actor-critic methods, such as Advantage Actor-Critic Experience Replay (A2CER) are proven to deliver competitive results in gaming environments that are fully observable and have a very small action-set. While, in SDSs, the states are not fully observable and often have to deal with the large action space. Describing the limitations of traditional methods, i.e., value-based and policy-based methods, such as high variance, low sample-efficiency, and often converging to local optima, we firstly explore the use of A2CER in dialogue policy learning. It is shown to beat the current state-of-the-art deep learning methods for SDS. Secondly, to handle the issues of early-stage performance, we utilise a demonstration corpus to pre-train the models prior to on-line policy learning. We thus experiment with the A2CER on a larger action space and find it significantly faster than the current state-of-the-art. Combining both approaches, we present a novel DRL based dialogue policy optimisation method, A2CER and its effectiveness for a task-oriented SDS in the Indic language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Malviya
- Department of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, UP, India; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Odisha, India
| | - Piyush Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, India
| | - Suyel Namasudra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India; Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Uma Shanker Tiwary
- Department of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, India
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11
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Manjari K, Verma M, Singal G, Namasudra S. QEST: Quantized and Efficient Scene Text Detector using Deep Learning. ACM T ASIAN LOW-RESO 2022. [DOI: 10.1145/3526217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Scene text detection is a complicated and one of the most challenging tasks due to different environmental restrictions, such as illuminations, lighting conditions, tiny and curved texts, and many more. Most of the works on scene text detection have overlooked the primary goal of increasing model accuracy and efficiency, resulting in heavy-weight models that require more processing resources. A novel lightweight model has been developed in this paper to improve the accuracy and efficiency of scene text detection. The proposed model relies on ResNet50 and MobileNetV2 as backbones with quantization used to make the resulting model lightweight. During quantization, the precision has been changed from float32 to float16 and int8 for making the model lightweight. In terms of inference time and Floating-Point Operations Per Second (FLOPS), the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques by around 30-100 times. Here, well-known datasets, i.e. ICDAR2015 and ICDAR2019, have been utilized for training and testing to validate the performance of the proposed model. Finally, the findings and discussion indicate that the proposed model is more efficient than the existing schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanak Manjari
- School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology, Bennett University, Greater Noida
| | - Madhushi Verma
- School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology, Bennett University, Greater Noida
| | - Gaurav Singal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi
| | - Suyel Namasudra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India; Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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12
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Early prediction of cognitive impairments using physiological signal for enhanced socioeconomic status. Inf Process Manag 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Asghar U, Arif M, Ejaz K, Vicoveanu D, Izdrui D, Geman O. An Improved COVID-19 Detection using GAN-Based Data Augmentation and Novel QuNet-Based Classification. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8925930. [PMID: 35257012 PMCID: PMC8898107 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8925930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a fatal disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has caused around 5.3 Million deaths globally as of December 2021. The detection of this disease is a time taking process that have worsen the situation around the globe, and the disease has been identified as a world pandemic by the WHO. Deep learning-based approaches are being widely used to diagnose the COVID-19 cases, but the limitation of immensity in the publicly available dataset causes the problem of model over-fitting. Modern artificial intelligence-based techniques can be used to increase the dataset to avoid from the over-fitting problem. This research work presents the use of various deep learning models along with the state-of-the-art augmentation methods, namely, classical and generative adversarial network- (GAN-) based data augmentation. Furthermore, four existing deep convolutional networks, namely, DenseNet-121, InceptionV3, Xception, and ResNet101 have been used for the detection of the virus in X-ray images after training on augmented dataset. Additionally, we have also proposed a novel convolutional neural network (QuNet) to improve the COVID-19 detection. The comparative analysis of achieved results reflects that both QuNet and Xception achieved high accuracy with classical augmented dataset, whereas QuNet has also outperformed and delivered 90% detection accuracy with GAN-based augmented dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Asghar
- Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Ejaz
- Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dragos Vicoveanu
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty, Stefan cel Mare University Suceava Romania, Pakistan
| | - Diana Izdrui
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty, Stefan cel Mare University Suceava Romania, Pakistan
| | - Oana Geman
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty, Stefan cel Mare University Suceava Romania, Pakistan
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14
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Agrawal D, Minocha S, Namasudra S, Gandomi AH. A robust drug recall supply chain management system using hyperledger blockchain ecosystem. Comput Biol Med 2022; 140:105100. [PMID: 34894591 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Drug recall is a critical issue for manufacturing companies, as a manufacturer might face criticism and severe business downfall due to a defective drug. A defective drug is a highly detrimental issue, as it can cost several lives. Therefore, recalling the drug becomes one of the most sensitive issues in the pharmaceutical industry. This paper presents a blockchain-enabled network that allows manufacturers to effectively monitor a drug while in the supply chain with improved security and transparency throughout the process. The study also tries to minimize the cost and time sustained by the manufacturing company to transfer the drug to the end-user by proposing forward and backward supply chain mathematical models. Specifically, the forward chain model supports drug delivery from the manufacturer to the end-user in less time with a reliable transport mode. The backward supply chain model explicitly focuses on reducing the extra time and cost incurred to the manufacturer in pursuit of recalling the defective drug. Moreover, a real-time implementation of the proposed blockchain-enabled supply chain management system using the Hyperledger Composer is done to demonstrate the transparency of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyansh Agrawal
- School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachin Minocha
- School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India
| | - Suyel Namasudra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India; Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Amir H Gandomi
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Australia.
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15
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Meraj T, Alosaimi W, Alouffi B, Rauf HT, Kumar SA, Damaševičius R, Alyami H. A quantization assisted U-Net study with ICA and deep features fusion for breast cancer identification using ultrasonic data. PeerJ Comput Sci 2021; 7:e805. [PMID: 35036531 PMCID: PMC8725669 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide-the rapid increase in breast cancer has brought about more accessible diagnosis resources. The ultrasonic breast cancer modality for diagnosis is relatively cost-effective and valuable. Lesion isolation in ultrasonic images is a challenging task due to its robustness and intensity similarity. Accurate detection of breast lesions using ultrasonic breast cancer images can reduce death rates. In this research, a quantization-assisted U-Net approach for segmentation of breast lesions is proposed. It contains two step for segmentation: (1) U-Net and (2) quantization. The quantization assists to U-Net-based segmentation in order to isolate exact lesion areas from sonography images. The Independent Component Analysis (ICA) method then uses the isolated lesions to extract features and are then fused with deep automatic features. Public ultrasonic-modality-based datasets such as the Breast Ultrasound Images Dataset (BUSI) and the Open Access Database of Raw Ultrasonic Signals (OASBUD) are used for evaluation comparison. The OASBUD data extracted the same features. However, classification was done after feature regularization using the lasso method. The obtained results allow us to propose a computer-aided design (CAD) system for breast cancer identification using ultrasonic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Meraj
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad-Wah Campus, Wah Cantt, Pakistan
| | - Wael Alosaimi
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alouffi
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Tayyab Rauf
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering & Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Swarn Avinash Kumar
- Department of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Uttar Pradesh, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, India
| | | | - Hashem Alyami
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Zulfiqar R, Majeed F, Irfan R, Rauf HT, Benkhelifa E, Belkacem AN. Abnormal Respiratory Sounds Classification Using Deep CNN Through Artificial Noise Addition. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:714811. [PMID: 34869413 PMCID: PMC8635523 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.714811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory sound (RS) attributes and their analyses structure a fundamental piece of pneumonic pathology, and it gives symptomatic data regarding a patient's lung. A couple of decades back, doctors depended on their hearing to distinguish symptomatic signs in lung audios by utilizing the typical stethoscope, which is usually considered a cheap and secure method for examining the patients. Lung disease is the third most ordinary cause of death worldwide, so; it is essential to classify the RS abnormality accurately to overcome the death rate. In this research, we have applied Fourier analysis for the visual inspection of abnormal respiratory sounds. Spectrum analysis was done through Artificial Noise Addition (ANA) in conjunction with different deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) to classify the seven abnormal respiratory sounds—both continuous (CAS) and discontinuous (DAS). The proposed framework contains an adaptive mechanism of adding a similar type of noise to unhealthy respiratory sounds. ANA makes sound features enough reach to be identified more accurately than the respiratory sounds without ANA. The obtained results using the proposed framework are superior to previous techniques since we simultaneously considered the seven different abnormal respiratory sound classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Zulfiqar
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Fiaz Majeed
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Irfan
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computing and Information Technology at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Tayyab Rauf
- Centre for Smart Systems, AI and Cybersecurity, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Elhadj Benkhelifa
- Cloud Computing and Applications Reseach Lab, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Abdelkader Nasreddine Belkacem
- Department of Computer and Network Engineering, College of Information Technology, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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