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Szada-Borzyszkowska A, Krzyżak J, Rusinowski S, Sitko K, Pogrzeba M. Toxic effect of mercury on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation and physiological status of three seed-based Miscanthus hybrids. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127391. [PMID: 38219458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, mercury pollution is a widespread problem in the world. As mercury is difficult to remove from the environment, it has long-term negative effects on soil health and human life. One of the techniques to stabilise Hg is phytostabilisation, which can be supported by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). METHODS In a 4-month pot experiment, we investigated the suitability of three seed-based Miscanthus hybrids (GNT3, GNT34, GNT43) for growth on soils heavily polluted with mercury (6795.7 mg kg-1). During the experiment, the effects of high soil contamination with mercury on physiological parameters and colonisation of roots of seed-based Miscanthus hybrids by indigenous AMF from Hg-contaminated and uncontaminated soils were investigated. RESULTS A high pseudo-total Hg concentration (6795.75 mg kg-1) in soil was found. The Hg content in the aerial part of GNT34 grown on Hg-contaminated soil was 1.5 times and 3 times higher than GNT3 and GNT43, respectively. The Hg content in the roots of GNT3 on Hg-contaminated soil was 25% and 10% lower than that of GNT34 and GNT43, respectively. The N content in the aboveground part of GNT34 in the Hg variant was 13.5% lower compared to the control soil. The P and K content in the shoots of the Miscanthus hybrids was lower in the plants grown on Hg-contaminated soil. The P content in GNT43 in the Hg variant was 33% and 19% lower than in GNT34 and GNT3, respectively. The K content in GNT34 in the Hg variant was 24.7% and 31.4% higher than in GNT43 and GNT3, respectively. The dry weight of the shoots and roots as well as the shoot height of the Miscanthus hybrids were lower in Hg-contaminated soil. Lower values of AMF root colonisation parameters (F, M) were observed in the plants in the Hg variant. In the Hg variant, a lower photosynthetic rate and a decrease in chlorophyll content were observed in the leaves of the Miscanthus hybrids. In the Hg variant, an increase in the content of flavonols was observed. The strongest toxic effect of mercury on the light phase of photosynthesis was measured in GNT34. CONCLUSION Soils heavily contaminated with mercury negatively affected the physiological parameters of Miscanthus, as evidenced by a decrease in photosynthetic rate and biomass. The ability of indigenous AMF from Hg-contaminated soils to colonise the roots of seed-based Miscanthus hybrids was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacek Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Szymon Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland; Plant Ecophysiology Team, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska St., 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland.
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Mi Y, Bai X, Li X, Zhou M, Liu X, Wang F, Su H, Chen H, Wei Y. Soil Mercury Pollution Changes Soil Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Composition. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040395. [PMID: 37108850 PMCID: PMC10143163 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Remediation of mercury (Hg)-contaminated soil by mycorrhizal technology has drawn increasing attention because of its environmental friendliness. However, the lack of systematic investigations on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community composition in Hg-polluted soil is an obstacle for AMF biotechnological applications. In this study, the AMF communities within rhizosphere soils from seven sites from three typical Hg mining areas were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of 297 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected in the Hg mining area, of which Glomeraceae was the dominant family (66.96%, 175 OTUs). AMF diversity was significantly associated with soil total Hg content and water content in the Hg mining area. Soil total Hg showed a negative correlation with AMF richness and diversity. In addition, the soil properties including total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and pH also affected AMF diversity. Paraglomeraceae was found to be negatively correlated to Hg stress. The wide distribution of Glomeraceae in Hg-contaminated soil makes it a potential candidate for mycorrhizal remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Mi
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Administration Service, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Xinru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hailei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
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Guo Y, Sommer N, Martin K, Rasche F. Rhizophagus irregularis improves Hg tolerance of Medicago truncatula by upregulating the Zn transporter genes ZIP2 and ZIP6. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:23-32. [PMID: 36625901 PMCID: PMC9938064 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-022-01100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) pollution of soils is a critical environmental problem. To rehabilitate Hg contaminated soils, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi-based phytoremediation may be supportive, yet the functional potential of AM fungi in response to Hg exposure is unclear. In a greenhouse experiment, we assessed the response of Medicago truncatula (Hg tolerance index (TI), Hg partitioning) to different Hg concentrations [0 (Hg0), 25 (Hg25), 50 (Hg50) µg g-1] in treatments with (AM) and without (NM) inoculation of Rhizophagus irregularis. Additionally, zinc (Zn) uptake and the expression of two Zn transporter genes (ZIP2, ZIP6) were examined because Zn is an essential element for plants and shares the same outer electronic configuration as Hg, implying potential competition for the same transporters. The results showed that AM plants had a higher TI than NM plants. Plant roots were identified as dominant Hg reservoirs. AM inoculation reduced the root Hg concentration under Hg50 compared to the NM treatment. There was an interaction between Hg treatment and AM inoculation on Hg stem concentration, i.e., at Hg25, AM inoculation decreased the Hg translocation from roots to stems, while Hg translocation was increased at Hg50 compared to the NM treatment. Zn acquisition was improved by R. irregularis. The negative relationship between Hg and Zn concentrations in the roots of AM and NM plants implied potential competition for the same transporters, although the expression of Zn transporters was upregulated by AM inoculation at all Hg levels. In conclusion, this baseline study demonstrated that R. irregularis may play an important role in Hg tolerance of M. truncatula, suggesting its potential for Hg-contaminated phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Guo
- Department of Agronomy in the Tropics and Subtropics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadine Sommer
- Department of Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Konrad Martin
- Department of Agronomy in the Tropics and Subtropics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Rasche
- Department of Agronomy in the Tropics and Subtropics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Tiodar ED, Văcar CL, Podar D. Phytoremediation and Microorganisms-Assisted Phytoremediation of Mercury-Contaminated Soils: Challenges and Perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2435. [PMID: 33801363 PMCID: PMC7967564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) pollution is a global threat to human and environmental health because of its toxicity, mobility and long-term persistence. Although costly engineering-based technologies can be used to treat heavily Hg-contaminated areas, they are not suitable for decontaminating agricultural or extensively-polluted soils. Emerging phyto- and bioremediation strategies for decontaminating Hg-polluted soils generally involve low investment, simple operation, and in situ application, and they are less destructive for the ecosystem. Current understanding of the uptake, translocation and sequestration of Hg in plants is reviewed to highlight new avenues for exploration in phytoremediation research, and different phytoremediation strategies (phytostabilization, phytoextraction and phytovolatilization) are discussed. Research aimed at identifying suitable plant species and associated-microorganisms for use in phytoremediation of Hg-contaminated soils is also surveyed. Investigation into the potential use of transgenic plants in Hg-phytoremediation is described. Recent research on exploiting the beneficial interactions between plants and microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) that are Hg-resistant and secrete plant growth promoting compounds is reviewed. We highlight areas where more research is required into the effective use of phytoremediation on Hg-contaminated sites, and conclude that the approaches it offers provide considerable potential for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela D. Tiodar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.D.T.); (C.L.V.)
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeş-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina L. Văcar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.D.T.); (C.L.V.)
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeş-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dorina Podar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.D.T.); (C.L.V.)
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeş-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Singh U, Akhtar O, Mishra R, Zoomi I, Kehri HK, Pandey D. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Biodiversity, Interaction with Plants, and Potential Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Debeljak M, van Elteren JT, Špruk A, Izmer A, Vanhaecke F, Vogel-Mikuš K. The role of arbuscular mycorrhiza in mercury and mineral nutrient uptake in maize. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:1076-1084. [PMID: 30286537 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to study the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in Hg and major mineral nutrient uptake and tissue localization of these elements in the roots of maize plants. Maize plants were grown in pots filled with non- and Hg-contaminated substrate (50 μg Hg g-1 as HgCl2) and inoculated with two types of AMF inocula: a) Glomus sp. originating from Hg-polluted soil of a former Hg smelting site in Idrija, Slovenia, and b) commercial AM inoculum Symbivit. Controls were inoculated by corresponding bacterial extracts only. Tissue localization of Hg and major mineral nutrients was performed by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) on cryofixed and freeze-dried root cross-sections. AMF colonization increased plant biomass in non-contaminated substrate, while this effect was not seen in Hg-contaminated substrate. Hg increased total plant biomass more than AMF inoculation, possibly through hormetic effects. AMF increased Hg uptake into the roots, as well as Hg transfer to the shoots. AMF affected plant mineral nutrient uptake, depending on the type of AMF inoculum and the presence of Hg. In the roots, Hg was mainly localized in rhizodermis and endodermis, followed by the cortex and the central cylinder. Higher Hg concentrations were detected in the central cylinder of AM plants than in that of the controls, pointing to a higher Hg mobility and potential bioavailability in AMF inoculated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Debeljak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Johannes T van Elteren
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Špruk
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrei Izmer
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Chamba I, Rosado D, Kalinhoff C, Thangaswamy S, Sánchez-Rodríguez A, Gazquez MJ. Erato polymnioides - A novel Hg hyperaccumulator plant in ecuadorian rainforest acid soils with potential of microbe-associated phytoremediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:633-641. [PMID: 28918247 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) accumulation capacity was assessed in three plant species (Axonopus compressus, Erato polymnioides, and Miconia zamorensis) that grow on soils polluted by artisanal small-scale gold mines in the Ecuadorian rainforest. Individuals of three species were collected at two sampling zones: i) an intensive zone (IZ, 4.8 mg Hg kg-1 of soil) where gold extraction continues to occur, and ii) a natural zone (NZ, 0.19 mg Hg kg-1 of soil). In addition, the percentage of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization was determined in plant roots and seven fungal morphotypes isolated from rhizospheric soil. Results suggest a facilitation role of native and pollution adapted AMF on Hg phytoaccumulation. E.g., E. polymnioides increased Hg accumulation when growing with greater AMF colonization. We concluded that E. polymnioides is a good candidate for the design of microbe-assisted strategies for Hg remediation at gold mining areas. The consortia between E. polymnioides and the AMF isolated in this study could be instrumental to get a deeper understanding of the AMF role in Hg phytoaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Chamba
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, 110104 Loja, Ecuador.
| | - Daniel Rosado
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, 110104 Loja, Ecuador.
| | - Carolina Kalinhoff
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, 110104 Loja, Ecuador.
| | - Selvaraj Thangaswamy
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, 110104 Loja, Ecuador.
| | - Aminael Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, 110104 Loja, Ecuador.
| | - Manuel Jesús Gazquez
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Puerto Real avenida, República Saharahui s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Cozzolino V, De Martino A, Nebbioso A, Di Meo V, Salluzzo A, Piccolo A. Plant tolerance to mercury in a contaminated soil is enhanced by the combined effects of humic matter addition and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11312-11322. [PMID: 26931658 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a greenhouse pot experiment, lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) were grown in a Hg-contaminated sandy soil with and without inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (a commercial inoculum containing infective propagules of Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae) amended with different rates of a humic acid (0, 1, and 2 g kg(-1) of soil), with the objective of verifying the synergistic effects of the two soil treatments on the Hg tolerance of lettuce plants. Our results indicated that the plant biomass was significantly increased by the combined effect of AMF and humic acid treatments. Addition of humic matter to soil boosted the AMF effect on improving the nutritional plant status, enhancing the pigment content in plant leaves, and inhibiting both Hg uptake and Hg translocation from the roots to the shoots. This was attributed not only to the Hg immobilization by stable complexes with HA and with extraradical mycorrhizal mycelium in soil and root surfaces but also to an improved mineral nutrition promoted by AMF. This work indicates that the combined use of AMF and humic acids may become a useful practice in Hg-contaminated soils to reduce Hg toxicity to crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy.
| | - A De Martino
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy.
| | - A Nebbioso
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - V Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - A Salluzzo
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment, Centre of Research of Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - A Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
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Lodenius M. Use of plants for biomonitoring of airborne mercury in contaminated areas. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 125:113-23. [PMID: 23472606 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological methods provide a wide variety of possibilities to monitor mercury pollution in the environment. E.g., mosses and lichens give a good picture of the spatial distribution of mercury around pollution sources. On regional or global scale the accuracy is smaller and interpretation of the results more difficult. One reason for this is the long life-time and low reactivity of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg(0)). At least temperature, light, concentration in air, speciation and biological factors affect the net deposition to or emission from vegetation. Different methods for estimating mercury fluxes between atmosphere and vegetation give different results. At contaminated sites the reaction types and fluxes most probably differ from those at uncontaminated sites. There are many pathways for mercury fluxes as well as physicochemical and biochemical reactions between different mercury species which makes it difficult to assess the fluxes in detail. Environmental conditions like temperature, light and humidity affect these fluxes. Compared to mechanical collectors biological monitors most probably give a more realistic picture of especially dry deposition but a lot of work has still to be done before we have accurate and reliable quantitative estimates of the deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lodenius
- Department of Environmental Sciences, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Debeljak M, van Elteren JT, Vogel-Mikuš K. Development of a 2D laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry mapping procedure for mercury in maize (Zea mays L.) root cross-sections. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 787:155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang JJ, Guo YY, Guo DL, Yin SL, Kong DL, Liu YS, Zeng H. Fine root mercury heterogeneity: metabolism of lower-order roots as an effective route for mercury removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:769-777. [PMID: 22126585 DOI: 10.1021/es2018708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fine roots are critical components for plant mercury (Hg) uptake and removal, but the patterns of Hg distribution and turnover within the heterogeneous fine root components and their potential limiting factors are poorly understood. Based on root branching structure, we studied the total Hg (THg) and its cellular partitioning in fine roots in 6 Chinese subtropical trees species and the impacts of root morphological and stoichiometric traits on Hg partitioning. The THg concentration generally decreased with increasing root order, and was higher in cortex than in stele. This concentration significantly correlated with root length, diameter, specific root length, specific root area, and nitrogen concentration, whereas its cytosolic fraction (accounting for <10% of THg) correlated with root carbon and sulfur concentrations. The estimated Hg return flux from dead fine roots outweighed that from leaf litter, and ephemeral first-order roots that constituted 7.2-22.3% of total fine root biomass may have contributed most to this flux (39-71%, depending on tree species and environmental substrate). Our results highlight the high capacity of Hg stabilization and Hg return by lower-order roots and demonstrate that turnover of lower-order roots may be an effective strategy of detoxification in perennial tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jian Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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