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Paul BR, Kumar De U, Sarkar VK, Gandhar JS, Patra MK, Singh MK, Soni S, Eregowda CG. Prognostic Potential of Thrombocyte Indices, Acute Phase Proteins, Electrolytes and Acid-Base Markers in Canine Parvovirus Infected Dogs With Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 56-57:100803. [PMID: 37598980 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Dogs with canine parvovirus enteritis (CPVE) that develop systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) frequently have a poor prognosis. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic potential of thrombocyte indices, acute phase proteins, electrolytes, and acid-base markers in CPVE puppies with SIRS (CPVE-SIRS+) at admission. A case-controlled, prospective, and observational study was performed on 36 CPVE puppies. Mean concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, thrombocyte count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-) and ionized calcium (iCa) were measured and strong ion difference 3 (SID3), ATOT-albumin and ATOT-total protein were determined in CPVE-SIRS+ survivors and nonsurvivors. A prognostic cut-off value for predicting the disease outcome was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The mean values of MPV, PDW and CRP were significantly higher and the mean values of albumin, Cl- and ATOT-albumin were significantly lower in CPVE-SIRS+ nonsurvivor than CPVE-SIRS+ survivor puppies on the day of admission, but the thrombocyte count, Na+, K+, iCa, SID3 and ATOT- total protein values did not differ significantly. The positive predictive values (PPVs) for survival using cut-off value of MPV (≤15.08 fL), PDW (≤14.85%), CRP (≤180.7 mg/L), albumin (≥1.795 g/dL), Cl- (≥96.00 mmol/L), and ATOT-albumin (≥7.539) were determined as 100%, 100%, 100%, 80%, 100%, and 80%, respectively with better area under ROC curve and sensitivity. Based on sensitivity, specificity, and PPVs from ROC analysis, it is concluded that the determination of Cl- concentration and MPV at admission followed by CRP will serve as the most appropriate biomarkers in predicting the disease outcome of CPVE puppies that develop SIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babul Rudra Paul
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ujjwal Kumar De
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Varun Kumar Sarkar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Singh Gandhar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mithilesh Kumar Singh
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srishti Soni
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
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Kuhn A, Weiler K, Gibbs G, Prechtl G, Bauer N, Moritz A. Evaluation of a novel moving threshold gating strategy for assessment of reticulated platelets in dogs using the ADVIA 2120 analyzer. Vet Clin Pathol 2023; 52:11-21. [PMID: 36284074 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel method using a moving threshold (r-PLTmt) to determine canine r-PLTs (reticulated platelets) has been introduced for ADVIA 2120 software v6.11.7. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate absolute (ar-PLTmt) and percent (%r-PLTmt) prior to and after visual inspection of scattergrams (ar-PLTmtv, %rPLTmtv) compared with flow cytometry (flow) and to determine reference intervals (RIs) in 120 dogs. METHODS For method comparison, 42 blood samples of healthy and thrombocytopenic dogs were included. Calculation of Spearman's rho, Bland-Altman, and Passing-Bablok analysis was performed. Coefficients of variation (CVs) were determined for three concentration levels. RESULTS Moderate correlations between %r-PLTmt and %r-PLTmtv (rs 0.75-0.76) were seen compared with flow cytometry. The CV for medium %r-PLTs counts assessed with flow cytometry was 12.9%. Comparable CVs were obtained for ar-PLTmt (14.4%) and %r-PLTmt (15.7%), and ar-PLTmtv and %r-PLTmtv (10.9% and 12.9%, respectively). At low and high concentration levels, CVs for % and absolute r-PLTmt/rPLTmtv ranged between 23%-30% and 15%-20%. In patients with microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes, CVs for ar-PLTmt and %r-PLTmt were 36%-66%. Visual inspection of scattergrams resulted in a marked decrease in CV ranging between 15% and 20%. A proportional bias of 10.8% between %r-PLTmt and flow cytometry became lower (9.7%) after visual validation of scattergrams. Passing-Bablok analysis showed proportional and constant error. RIs for r-PLTmt and r-PLTmtv were 0.2%-3.8% and 0.6-10.2 × 109 /L and 0.3%-4.5% and 1.1-10.3 × 109 /L, respectively. Median values for %r-PLTmtv were higher in young adults (≤2 years) than in older dogs (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS r-PLTmt and r-PLTmtv were moderately correlated with flow cytometry. Visual inspection of scattergrams is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kuhn
- Clinic for Small Animals, Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kristina Weiler
- Clinical Pathophysiology and Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Graham Gibbs
- Siemens Healthcare Laboratory Diagnostics, Sudbury, UK
| | | | - Natali Bauer
- Clinical Pathophysiology and Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Clinic for Small Animals, Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Clinical Pathophysiology and Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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POINT-OF-CARE AND STANDARD LABORATORY REFERENCE INTERVALS FOR COAGULATION VALUES IN ASIAN ELEPHANTS ( ELEPHAS MAXIMUS): VARIATION BY AGE CLASS, SEX, AND TIME TO CENTRIFUGATION. J Zoo Wildl Med 2022; 53:291-301. [PMID: 35758571 DOI: 10.1638/2021-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus causes significant calf mortality. Coagulation testing may aid veterinarians in early identification and management of hemostatic disorders. This study sought to establish reference intervals for select coagulation and platelet values. Blood was collected from clinically healthy Asian elephants (n = 63) in juvenile (≤15 yr old, n = 9), adult (>15 to ≤50 yr old, n = 41), and geriatric (>50 yr old, n = 13) age classes at seven institutions in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. Activated clotting time (ACT) was immediately assessed with a handheld analyzer, whereas remaining blood was stored at 5°C in sodium citrate and potassium EDTA collection tubes and transported to a central laboratory. Coagulation values were assessed on an automated blood coagulation analyzer, and platelet values were assessed on a hematology analyzer. Reference intervals were established for ACT, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, and plateletcrit according to the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines. No significant differences were observed for any value when comparing sex and time to centrifugation. Plasma fibrinogen (P = 0.002) and platelets (P = 0.003) varied significantly by age class, with adults displaying the highest fibrinogen concentrations and geriatric individuals displaying the lowest platelet counts. The ACT kaolin cartridges resulted in high success rates (84.3% feasibility) compared with celite cartridges (4.8% feasibility). Further studies are warranted to stratify reference intervals in accordance with age class trends.
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Phillips C, Naskou MC, Spangler E. Investigation of platelet measurands in dogs with hematologic neoplasia. Vet Clin Pathol 2022; 51:216-224. [PMID: 35274337 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thrombocytopenia has been associated with some neoplastic processes, including hematologic neoplasia. There is no information regarding specific changes in platelet measurands in dogs with hematologic neoplasia compared with healthy dogs. The objectives of our study were to establish RIs, evaluate platelet measurands in dogs with hematologic neoplasia, and compare these measurands in patients with hematologic malignancies with or without thrombocytopenia. METHODS This was a retrospective study. Platelet measurands were determined using the ADVIA 120 Hematology analyzer when a CBC was performed and included the platelet count, MPV, platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet component (MPC), platelet component distribution width (PCDW), mean platelet mass (MPM), platelet mass distribution width (PMDW), and number of large platelets. Reference intervals were determined retrospectively using data from 129 healthy dogs. Patients with hematologic neoplasia (n = 50) were identified through retrospective evaluation of medical records from the Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital and separated into thrombocytopenic (n = 20) and nonthrombocytopenic groups (n = 30). RESULTS Platelet count and PCT were significantly higher in older healthy dogs compared with younger dogs. Significant differences were identified when comparing healthy dogs with those with hematologic neoplasia without thrombocytopenia for PDW, PCDW, PMDW, and the number of large platelets, indicating the presence of more heterogeneous platelets. Thrombocytopenic dogs with hematologic neoplasia had significantly decreased MPCs and increased MPVs, MPMs, and PCDWs compared with nonthrombocytopenic dogs with neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS Dogs with hematologic neoplasia had more heterogeneous platelets, whereas thrombocytopenic patients with neoplasia had more activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Phillips
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Maria C Naskou
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Elizabeth Spangler
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Stiborova K, Treggiari E, Amores-Fuster I, Del Busto I, Killick D, Maddox T, Marrington M, Mason SL, Blackwood L. Haematologic toxicity in dogs with mast cell tumours treated with vinblastine/prednisolone chemotherapy with/without radiotherapy. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:534-542. [PMID: 31245847 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether dogs with surgically excised mast cell tumours receiving a vinblastine/prednisolone chemotherapy protocol in combination with radiation therapy are at greater risk of myelosuppression than patients receiving the chemotherapy protocol alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective study of clinical records of dogs with mast cell tumours that, subsequent to surgical excision, had received combination vinblasine/prednisolone chemotherapy. Dogs were assigned to two groups: those treated with adjunctive radiotherapy and vinblastine/prednisolone (RT group) and those treated with surgery followed by vinblastine/prednisolone alone (control group). Haematology results were compared between groups. RESULTS Forty-three cases and 43 controls of similar breed, age and bodyweight were included. Concurrent radiation and vinblastine chemotherapy did not appear to increase the risk of neutropenia, which was observed in 18.6 and 23.2% of cases in the RT and control groups, respectively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Radiation and vinblastine chemotherapy can be safely combined in dogs with mast cell tumours without increasing the risk of clinically important myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stiborova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - E Treggiari
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK.,Centro Specialistico Veterinario, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - I Amores-Fuster
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - I Del Busto
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - D Killick
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - T Maddox
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - M Marrington
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK.,Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Sutton Weaver, Runcorn, WA7 3FW, UK
| | - S L Mason
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK.,Southfields Veterinary Specialists, Basildon, SS15 6TP, UK
| | - L Blackwood
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
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