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Jjagwe J, Olupot PW, Kulabako R, Carrara S. Electrochemical sensors modified with iron oxide nanoparticles/nanocomposites for voltammetric detection of Pb (II) in water: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29743. [PMID: 38665564 PMCID: PMC11044046 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Permissible limits of Pb2+ in drinking water are being reduced from 10 μgL-1 to 5 μgL-1, which calls for rapid, and highly reliable detection techniques. Electrochemical sensors have garnered attention in detection of heavy metal ions in environmental samples due to their ease of operation, low cost, and rapid detection responses. Selectivity, sensitivity and detection capabilities of these sensors, can be enhanced by modifying their working electrodes (WEs) with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and/or their composites. Therefore, this review is an in-depth analysis of the deployment of IONPs/nanocomposites in modification of electrochemical sensors for detection of Pb2+ in drinking water over the past decade. From the analyzed studies (n = 23), the optimal solution pH, deposition potential, and deposition time ranged between 3 and 5.6, -0.7 to -1.4 V vs Ag/AgCl, and 100-400 s, respectively. Majority of the studies employed square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (n = 16), in 0.1 M acetate buffer solution (n = 19) for detection of Pb2+. Limits of detection obtained (2.5 x 10-9 - 4.5 μg/L) were below the permissible levels which indicated good sensitivities of the modified electrodes. Despite the great performance of these modified electrodes, the primary source of IONPs has always been commercial iron-based salts in addition to the use of so many materials as modifying agents of these IONPs. This may limit reproducibility and sustainability of the WEs due to lengthy and costly preparation protocols. Steel and/or iron industrial wastes can be alternatively employed in generation of IONPs for modification of electrochemical sensors. Additionally, biomass-based activated carbons enriched with surface functional groups are also used in modification of bare IONPs, and subsequently bare electrodes. However, these two areas still need to be fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Jjagwe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Wilberforce Olupot
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robinah Kulabako
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sandro Carrara
- Bio/CMOS Interfaces Laboratory, School of Engineering, Institute of Microengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Li S, Xu J, Li H. Highly sensitive detection of Pb 2+ in the environment with DNAzyme and rolling circle amplification reaction. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 311:124001. [PMID: 38335590 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb2+) is a toxic heavy metal that can severely pollute the environment and cause harm to public health. Therefore, the prompt and accurate monitoring of lead levels in the environment is vital. In this study, a novel DNAzyme-based cascade signal amplification biosensor that could detect Pb2+ with high sensitivity was designed through the combination of the strand displacement reaction (SDR) and rolling circle amplification (RCA). When Pb2+ is absent, RCA is triggered under the synergistic action of T4 DNA ligase and phi29 DNA polymerase with an artificially fluorophore-labeled S-chains being released to replace the upstream products generated by repeated RCA, thereby restoring the quenched fluorescence and emitting a strong fluorescent signal. After adding Pb2+, 8-17 DNAzyme binds specifically to Pb2+ and catalyzes the cleavage of the rA site on a single-stranded DNA with artificially modified rA site to restrict the RCA. The designed sensor provides a linear detection range for Pb2+ from 25 pM to 1 µM, with a low limit of detection 8.3 pM. Significantly, this sensor still demonstrates satisfactory performance when used for detecting Pb2+ in environment samples (e.g., river water). We consider that our study can provide reference values and ideas for the development of heavy metal ion detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijiong Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Catalysis and Conversion of Nanchang, Nanchang 330022, PR China
| | - Hongbo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Catalysis and Conversion of Nanchang, Nanchang 330022, PR China.
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Yang ZH, Lei X, Jiang G, Zhang X. Film-forming, stable, conductive composites of polyhistidine/graphene oxide for electrochemical quantification of trace Pb 2. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15274-15279. [PMID: 37213334 PMCID: PMC10196739 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00848g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials with unique properties, such as good film-formation and plentiful active atoms, play a vital role in the construction of electrochemical sensors. In this work, an in situ electrochemical synthesis of conductive polyhistidine (PHIS)/graphene oxide (GO) composite film (PHIS/GO) was designed to construct an electrochemical sensor for the sensitive detection of Pb2+. Herein, GO as an active material can directly form homogeneous and stable thin films on the electrode surface because of its excellent film-forming property. Then GO film was further functionalized by in situ electrochemical polymerization of histidine to obtain plentiful active atoms (N). Due to strong van der Waals forces between GO and PHIS, PHIS/GO film exhibited high stability. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of PHIS/GO films was greatly improved by in situ electrochemical reduction technology and the plentiful active atoms (N) in PHIS are profitable for adsorbing Pb2+ from solution, tremendously enhancing the assay sensitivity. With the above unique property, the proposed electrochemical sensor showed high stability, a low detection limit (0.045 μg L-1) and a wide linear range (0.1-300 μg L-1) for the quantification of Pb2+. The method can also be extended to the synthesis of other film-forming nanomaterials to functionalize themselves and widen their potential applications, avoiding the addition of non-conductive film-forming substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Han Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery, Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China +86-023-62768056
| | - Xin Lei
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery, Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China +86-023-62768056
| | - Guangming Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery, Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China +86-023-62768056
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery, Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China +86-023-62768056
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Liu T, Zhou R, Zhang C, Yi Y, Zhu G. Homogeneous voltammetric sensing strategy for lead ions based on aptamer gated methylthionine chloride@UiO-66-NH 2 framework as smart target-stimulated responsive nanomaterial. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3771-3774. [PMID: 36912279 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00940h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein an innovative electrochemical method is proposed for the determination of lead ions (Pb2+) based on a homogeneous voltammetric (HVC) sensing strategy using an aptamer gated methylthionine chloride@UiO-66-NH2 framework as a smart target-stimulated responsive material. The proposed HVC sensor exhibits excellent sensing performance: ultralow detection limit (0.166 pM) and wide linearity (5.0 pM-500.0 nM), simultaneously, it avoids electrodeposition processes and it is simple to modify the electrode compared to previous electrochemical methods for Pb2+ detection. Thus our method shows great potential in the highly efficient detection of Pb2+ and other heavy metal ions by simply altering the related specific aptamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Ruiyong Zhou
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Conglin Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Yinhui Yi
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Gangbing Zhu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China.
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
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Yin J, Ouyang H, Li W, Long Y. An Effective Electrochemical Platform for Chloramphenicol Detection Based on Carbon-Doped Boron Nitride Nanosheets. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:116. [PMID: 36671951 PMCID: PMC9855874 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Currently, accurate quantification of antibiotics is a prerequisite for health care and environmental governance. The present work demonstrated a novel and effective electrochemical strategy for chloramphenicol (CAP) detection using carbon-doped hexagonal boron nitride (C-BN) as the sensing medium. The C-BN nanosheets were synthesized by a molten-salt method and fully characterized using various techniques. The electrochemical performances of C-BN nanosheets were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the electrocatalytic activity of h-BN was significantly enhanced by carbon doping. Carbon doping can provide abundant active sites and improve electrical conductivity. Therefore, a C-BN-modified glassy carbon electrode (C-BN/GCE) was employed to determine CAP by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The sensor showed convincing analytical performance, such as a wide concentration range (0.1 µM-200 µM, 200 µM-700 µM) and low limit of detection (LOD, 0.035 µM). In addition, the proposed method had high selectivity and desired stability, and can be applied for CAP detection in actual samples. It is believed that defect-engineered h-BN nanomaterials possess a wide range of applications in electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Yin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Huiying Ouyang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yumei Long
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Li M, An S, Wu Y, Yan Z, Chai Y, Yuan R. Self-Supplied Electron Photoelectrochemical Biosensor with PTB7-Th as a Photoelectric Material and Biotin as an Efficient Quencher. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53398-53404. [PMID: 36378492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a self-supplied electron photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor for sensitive determination of Pb2+ was established by utilizing donor-acceptor (D-A)-type PTB7-Th (poly{4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl) thiophen-2-yl]benzo[1,2-b,4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl] thieno[3,4-b]-thiophene-4,6-diyl}) as a photoelectric material coupled with biotin as an efficient signal quencher. Impressively, compared with the traditional PEC signal quenchers, biotin was first applied as a PEC signal quencher in this work and it effectively avoided a cumbersome preparation process, complex DNA sequence design, and extra reagent assistance and greatly simplified experimental steps, which could achieve an efficient PEC signal quenching toward PTB7-Th. In addition, the execution of a DNAzyme-assisted Pb2+ recycling amplification reaction could release the quencher biotin, leading to the recovery of the PEC signal, thereby realizing the quantitative detection of Pb2+. Resultantly, the submitted self-supplied electron PEC biosensor presented an extensive coverage of assay Pb2+ (50 fM to 500 nM) along with a low determination limit (16.7 fM), which exhibited the advantages of high selectivity and excellent stability. Importantly, this work provided a powerful alternative to traditional heavy metal-ion assessment methods and possessed the potential for application in environment, biomedicine, and food-safety fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
- Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Siyu An
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
- Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
- Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Zhitao Yan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
- Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
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