Gupta P, Payra S, Bhatla R, Verma S. WRF-Chem modeling study of heat wave driven ozone over southeast region, India.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024;
340:122744. [PMID:
37865332 DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122744]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Present study examines how ozone concentration changed under heatwave (HW) condition with emphasis on meteorological parameters in respect to non-heatwave (NHW) days. In this perspective, Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) has been used to simulate the surface O3 (SfO3) and maximum temperature (Tmax) during NHW (11th-19th May 2015) and HW days (21st-29th May 2015) over southeast (SE), India. The WRF-Chem simulated meteorological and chemical variables have been evaluated against the ERA5 and CAMS reanalysis dataset. A significant correlation of 55-95% is found for all the meteorological and chemical variables. The influencing parameters shows positive correlation of ozone with temperature, which reaches 75-78 ppbv under HW condition. Day to day trend analysis reveal an increasing pattern of maximum temperature and SfO3 concentration under HW condition. During HW, mixing of ozone-rich air aloft with near-surface air leading a rise in SfO3, as indicated by both ERA5 (with a maximum Planetary Boundary Layer Height (PBLH) of 1000 m) and WRF-Chem simulations (1600 m). Furthermore, the diurnal cycle of SfO3, temperature, PBLH reaches a peak at afternoon, while the other variables like nitrogen oxides (NOx), Relative Humidity (RH) shows a high concentration at night-time. Overall, WRF-Chem model effectively captures the diurnal fluctuations of SfO3, NOx and the meteorological variables during the HW event over the SE, India. Result shows that HW may cause a strong contribution to the rate of increase in SfO3 (22.17%). Thus, it is required to consider contribution of HW driven ozone when developing long-term strategies to mitigate regional ozone pollution.
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