1
|
Sajid S, Rahman SU, Mohin M, Sindhu ZUD. Development of egg yolk-based polyclonal antibodies and immunoprophylactic potential of antigen-antibody complex against infectious bursal disease. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 23:100326. [PMID: 38162251 PMCID: PMC10755096 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A study conducted in the Faisalabad district sampled 50 cases across five IBD outbreaks, revealing an alarming 80 % infection rate among poultry. Our research focused on developing an immune complex (Antigen-antibody complex) with potential immunoprophylactic benefits to counter this formidable threat. Our study was based on producing egg yolk-derived polyclonal antibodies (IgY) targeting IBDV. Commercial layer birds were immunized with inactivated IBDV, yielding IgY antibodies extracted from their eggs exhibited substantially higher and more enduring antibody titers, with a geometric mean titer of 104. Further research involved the creation of an immune complex (ICx) where antigen was extracted from infected bursae tissues. The immunogenic response of ICx was assessed in poultry birds after a challenge with a virulent strain of IBD virus and compared to a conventional IBDV vaccine in poultry. Results revealed significantly higher and more enduring antibody titers induced by the ICx, offering enhanced protective immunity against the IBDV challenge, as evidenced by lower Bursa to bodyweight ratios in vaccinated birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Sajid
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashkoor Mohin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia ud Din Sindhu
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Setta A, Yehia N, Shaheen M, Shami A, Al-Saeed FA, Alsamghan A, Amin R, El-Saadony MT, El-Tarabily KA, Salem HM. Continuous clinicopathological and molecular recognition of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus in commercial broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103306. [PMID: 38228049 PMCID: PMC10823078 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gumboro virus is one of the most dangerous immunosuppressant viruses that infect chickens and causes massive financial losses worldwide. The current study aims to conduct a molecular characterization of chicken farms for the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Based on postmortem (PM) lesions, 125 bursal samples from 25 farms were collected from clinically diseased commercial chicken farms with increased mortality and suspected Gumboro virus infection. Pooled bursal samples from suspected IBD-vaccinated flocks were tested for IBDV by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fifteen out of 25 pooled specimens were found positive for IBDV, with a 60% detection rate, and confirmed positive for very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) by sequence analysis. Nucleotide phylogenetic analysis of VP1 and VP2 genes was employed to compare the 5 chosen isolates with strains representing different governorates in Egypt during 2022. All strains were clustered with vvIBDV with no evidence of reassortment in the VP1 gene. The VP1 and VP2 genes are divided into groups (I, II). The strains in our study were related to group II, and it acquired a new mutation in the VP2 gene that clustered it into new subgroup B. By mutation analysis, the VP2 gene of all strains had a characteristic mutation to vvIBDV. It acquired new mutations in HVRs compared with HK46 in Y220F, A222T/V in all strains in our study, and Q221K that was found in IBD-EGY-AH5 and AH2 in the loop PBC in addition to G254S in all strains in our study and Q249k that found in IBD-EGY-AH1 and AH3 in the loop PDE. These mutations are important in the virulency and antigenicity of the virus. The VP1 had 242E, 390M, and 393D which were characteristic of vvIBDV and KpnI restriction enzyme (777GGTAC/C782) in addition to a new mutation (F243Y and N383H) in IBD-EGY-AH1 and AH4 strains. According to the current study, the strains were distinct from the vaccinal strain; they could be responsible for the most recent IBDV outbreaks observed in flocks instead of received vaccinations. The current study highlighted the importance of molecular monitoring to keep up to date on the circulating IBDV for regular evaluation of commercial vaccination programs against circulating field viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Setta
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; Ceva Sante Animale, Al Sheikh Zayed, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nahed Yehia
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Momtaz Shaheen
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Ashwag Shami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A Al-Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awad Alsamghan
- Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sajid S, Rahman SU, Mohsin Gilani M, Sindhu ZUD, Ali MB, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Mahmood S. Molecular Characterization and Demographic Study on Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Faisalabad District. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254605. [PMID: 34398875 PMCID: PMC8366999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The re-emergence of virulent strains of the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) leads to significant economic losses of poultry industry in Pakistan during last few years. This disease causes the infection of bursa, which leads to major immune losses. A total number of 30 samples from five IBD outbreaks during the period of 2019-20 were collected from different areas of Faisalabad district, Pakistan and assayed by targeting the IBD virus VP2 region through RT-PCR. Among all the outbreaks, almost 80% of poultry birds were found positive for the IBDV. The bursa tissues were collected from the infected birds and histopathological examination of samples revealed severe lymphocytic depletion, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and necrosis of the bursa of Fabricius (BF). Positive samples were subjected to re-isolation and molecular characterization of IBDV. The Pakistan IBDV genes were subjected to DNA sequencing to determine the virus nucleotide sequences. The sequences of 100 Serotype-I IBDVs showing nearest homology were compared and identified with the study sequence. The construction of the phylogenetic tree for nucleotide sequences was accomplished by the neighbor-joining method in MEGA-6 with reference strains. The VP2 segment reassortment of IBDVs carrying segment A were identified as one important type of circulating strains in Pakistan. The findings indicated the molecular features of the Pakistan IBDV strains playing a role in the evolution of new strains of the virus, which will contribute to the vaccine selection and effective prevention of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Sajid
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Zia ud Din Sindhu
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Mahmood
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan. Virol Sin 2019; 34:102-105. [PMID: 30725319 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
5
|
Phylogenetic analysis of Infectious Bursal Disease viruses according to newly proposed model of classification into geno-groups. J Infect Public Health 2019; 12:410-418. [PMID: 30651212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the causative agent of Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD), the disease causes immunosuppression which leads to secondary infections among rearing poultry flocks. Characterization of the virus is important for its control and eradication. The circulating IBDVs are classified on the basis of their antigenic and pathogenic properties. The virus is categorised as classical, variant and very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV). IBDV is a non-envelop, icosahedral double stranded virus. Viral protein 2 (VP2) is the major structural protein of capsid that determines the host-pathogen relationship. The aim of this study was to characterise the IBD virus of Pak-Asian region. METHODOLOGY IBDV suspected flocks were examined in Punjab, Pakistan from 2014-2018. Two hundred and fifty samples were collected with complete history of the disease. The suspected samples were collected from broiler, layer and rural poultry farms. RNA was extracted and hyper-variable region of VP2 gene was amplified using specific primers. Nucleotide sequence of the VP2 gene was determined and its Amino Acid sequence was deduced. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis was also performed. RESULTS The current classifications based in a hyper-variable region of the capsid protein VP2 (hvVP2), classification of IBDVs is split into newly proposed geno-groups according to Jackwood group. Among these prevailing, some IBDVs are limited geographically whereas, others are reported cosmopolitan. Genetic alterations are continuously playing role in evolution of new strains of the virus. CONCLUSION During this study it was found that isolates of IBDV fall in first three geno-groups. Most of the geno-groups are prevalent around the world, whereas the mutated and re-assorted ones are confined in particular areas of the globe.
Collapse
|
6
|
Drissi Touzani C, Fellahi S, Gaboun F, Fassi Fihri O, Baschieri S, Mentag R, El Houadfi M. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus circulating in Morocco during 2016-2017. Arch Virol 2018; 164:381-390. [PMID: 30367293 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV), the cause of significant economic losses in many poultry-producing areas, has been present in Morocco since 1991. In spite of the introduction of vaccination, disease outbreaks are frequently observed. To ascertain if vaccines failure may be due to the emergence of new strains, the aim of this study was to perform for the first time the molecular characterization of vvIBDV strains circulating in Morocco by focusing on the hypervariable region (HVR) of the VP2 protein, which is frequently used for molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic studies. Field samples of haemorrhagic bursae of Fabricius were collected for molecular characterization in different parts of the country during 2016-2017 from 48 chicken flocks showing symptoms of disease. In a phylogenetic tree, nucleotide sequences containing the VP2 HVR of 13 samples that were positive for vvIBDV formed a common branch with those of vvIBDV references strains published in GenBank, but they clearly grouped into a distinct subcluster. An alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences, in addition to confirming the presence of the "signature" typical of the vvIBDV HVR, also revealed the presence of substitutions in hydrophilic loops that are known to be involved in the elicitation of neutralizing antibodies. One of these substitutions is unique to the Moroccan isolates. These results represent the first molecular characterization of vvIBDV isolates in Morocco and may indicate that one of the causes of vaccine ineffectiveness is antigenic drift.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charifa Drissi Touzani
- Unité de Pathologie Aviaire, Département de Pathologie et Santé Publique Vétérinaire, IAV Hassan II, BP 6202, Rabat-Instituts, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
- Unité de Biotechnologie, CRRA-Rabat, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA, Avenue Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui, Rabat-Instituts, B.P 6356, 10101, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Siham Fellahi
- Unité de Pathologie Aviaire, Département de Pathologie et Santé Publique Vétérinaire, IAV Hassan II, BP 6202, Rabat-Instituts, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fatima Gaboun
- Unité de Biotechnologie, CRRA-Rabat, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA, Avenue Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui, Rabat-Instituts, B.P 6356, 10101, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ouafaa Fassi Fihri
- Unité de Pathologie Aviaire, Département de Pathologie et Santé Publique Vétérinaire, IAV Hassan II, BP 6202, Rabat-Instituts, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Selene Baschieri
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Rachid Mentag
- Unité de Biotechnologie, CRRA-Rabat, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA, Avenue Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui, Rabat-Instituts, B.P 6356, 10101, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Houadfi
- Unité de Pathologie Aviaire, Département de Pathologie et Santé Publique Vétérinaire, IAV Hassan II, BP 6202, Rabat-Instituts, 10000, Rabat, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|