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Sadef Y, Shakil S, Majeed D, Zahra N, Ben Abdallah F, Ben Ali M. Evaluating aflatoxins and Sudan dyes contamination in red chili and turmeric and its health impacts on consumer safety of Lahore, Pakistan. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114116. [PMID: 37923193 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Spices are contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs) and Sudan dyes which are classified as class Group 1 and Group 3 human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) respectively and their prolonged exposure may raise a human health concern. A total of 474 samples of red chili and turmeric were collected from Lahore city and were subjected to quantitative and qualitative AFs and Sudan dyes analysis by thin layer chromatography (TLC) respectively. The number of red chili and turmeric samples with ≥10 μg/kg of total AFs (European Union standard limit) were 70% and 33% respectively and considered unfit for human consumption. The presence of Sudan dyes in red chili and turmeric samples was 67% and 27% respectively. The mean estimated daily intake (EDI) among females and males was 0.0019 μg/kg bw/day, 0.0012 μg/kg bw/day for red chili, and 0.0008 μg/kg bw/day, 0.0006 μg/kg bw/day for turmeric respectively. The mean value of margin of exposure (MOE) among females and males for ingestion of AFs-contaminated red chili and turmeric was 210.25, 332.13, 501.02, and 699.31 respectively. Therefore, the current study demands a continuous monitoring plan and the implementation of novel techniques to enhance the product's quality and protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumna Sadef
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Shakil
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Dania Majeed
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Zahra
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Fethi Ben Abdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Hedfi A, Allouche M, Hoineb F, Ali MB, Harrath AH, Albeshr MF, Mahmoudi E, Beyrem H, Karachle PK, Urkmez D, Pacioglu O, Badraoui R, Boufahja F. The response of meiobenthinc sediment-dwelling nematodes to pyrene: Results from open microcosms, toxicokinetics and in silico molecular interactions. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 185:114252. [PMID: 36272318 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An experiment conducted with 'open microcosm' made by connected sedimentary compartments with different qualities was for 30 days to evaluate the migratory behaviour of nematodes as induced by exposure to pyrene. The nematofauna was collected along with sediment from a reference site in Bizerte lagoon. Following one week acclimatization period, the populated sediments were topped with azoic sediments, with a pyrene concentration of 150 μg kg-1. The concentration of pyrene from sediments was measured on a weekly basis. A stable status of nematode assemblages was reached between the upper and lower compartments in each microcosm, whatever the treatment type. An upward exploratory phase was observed during the first two weeks within the assemblages, possibly induced by the repellent chemodetection of pyrene. This observation was confirmed by the toxicokinetic properties and molecular interactions of pyrene with the germ-line development Protein 3 and sex-determining protein of Caenorhabditis elegans as nematode model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amor Hedfi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Allouche
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Faten Hoineb
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Fahad Albeshr
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezzeddine Mahmoudi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Beyrem
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Paraskevi K Karachle
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland waters, 46.7 Athens-Sounio Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos, Attika, Greece
| | - Derya Urkmez
- Sinop University, Scientific and Technological Research and Application Center, TR57000 Sinop, Turkey
| | - Octavian Pacioglu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Akremi I, Merabishvili M, Jlidi M, Haj Brahim A, Ben Ali M, Karoui A, Lavigne R, Wagemans J, Pirnay JP, Ben Ali M. Isolation and Characterization of Lytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriophages Isolated from Sewage Samples from Tunisia. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112339. [PMID: 36366441 PMCID: PMC9698164 DOI: 10.3390/v14112339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages could be a useful adjunct to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. In this study, lytic P. aeruginosa myoviruses PsCh, PsIn, Ps25, and Ps12on-D were isolated from Tunisian sewage samples. Phage Ps12on-D displayed an adsorption time of ~10 min, a short latency period (~10 min), and a large burst size (~115 PFU per infected cell) under standard growth conditions. All phages were active at broad temperature (4 °C to 50 °C) and pH (3.0 to 11.0) ranges and were able to lyse a wide variety of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical and environmental samples worldwide. Illumina sequencing revealed double-stranded DNA genomes ranging from 87,887 and 92,710 bp with high sequence identity to Pseudomonas phage PAK_P1. All four phages based on sequence analysis were assigned to the Pakpunavirus genus. The presented characterization and preclinical assessment are part of an effort to establish phage therapy treatment as an alternative strategy for the management of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismahen Akremi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (J.-P.P.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Maya Merabishvili
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Bruynstraat 1, B-1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mouna Jlidi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Adel Haj Brahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Anis Karoui
- Agrovet, Street of Tunis km 1, Soliman 8020, Tunisia
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Wagemans
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Pirnay
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Bruynstraat 1, B-1120 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (J.-P.P.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Mamdouh Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (J.-P.P.); (M.B.A.)
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Hedfi A, Ben Ali M, Korkobi M, Allouche M, Harrath AH, Beyrem H, Pacioglu O, Badraoui R, Boufahja F. The exposure to polyvinyl chloride microplastics and chrysene induces multiple changes in the structure and functionality of marine meiobenthic communities. J Hazard Mater 2022; 436:129161. [PMID: 35739702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microplastics and sorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at community levels were rarely assessed in laboratory experiments, despite their obvious advantage in reflecting better the natural conditions compared to traditionally single species-focused toxicological experiments. In the current study, the multifaceted effects of polyvinyl chloride and chrysene, acting alone or combined, on general marine meiobenthos, but with a special focus on free-living marine nematode communities were tested in a laboratory experiment carried in microcosms. The meiobenthos was exposed to two polyvinyl chloride (5 and 10 mg.kg-1 Dry Weight 'DW') and chrysene (37.5 and 75 ng.g-1 DW) concentrations, respectively, as well as to a mixture of both compounds, for 30 days. The results highlighted a significant decrease in the abundance of all meiobenthic generic groups, including nematodes, directly with increasing dosages of these compounds when added alone. The addition of chrysene adheres to microplastics, making the sediment matrix glueyer, hence inducing greater mortality among generic meiobenthic groups. Moreover, the nematofauna went through a strong restructuring phase following the exposure to both compounds when added alone, leading to the disappearance of sensitive nematodes and their replacement with tolerant taxa. However, the similarity in nematofauna composition between control and polyvinyl chloride and chrysene mixtures suggests that the toxicity of the latter could be attenuated by its physical bonding to the former pollutant. Other changes in the functional traits within the nematode communities were a decline in the fertility of females and an increase of the pharyngeal pumping power following exposure to both pollutants for the dominant species. The latter results were also supported by additional toxicokinetics analyses and in silico modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amor Hedfi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Korkobi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Allouche
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamouda Beyrem
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Octavian Pacioglu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 La Rabta-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Allouche M, Ishak S, Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Karachle PK, Harrath AH, Abu-Zied RH, Badraoui R, Boufahja F. Molecular interactions of polyvinyl chloride microplastics and beta-blockers (Diltiazem and Bisoprolol) and their effects on marine meiofauna: Combined in vivo and modeling study. J Hazard Mater 2022; 431:128609. [PMID: 35278946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ecotoxicological effects of beta-blockers (i.e. Diltiazem and Bisoprolol) and their interactions with the microplastic polyvinyl chloride on marine meiofauna were tested in laboratory microcosms. An experimental factorial design was applied, using meiobenthic fauna collected from the Old Harbor of Bizerte (NE Tunisia), but with a main focus on the nematode communities. The meiobenthic invertebrates were exposed to two concentrations of Diltiazem and Bisoprolol, of 1.8 µg.L-1 and 1.8 mg.L-1, respectively, and one concentration of polyvinyl chloride (i.e. 20 mg.kg-1), separately and mixed. The overall meiofauna abundance was significantly reduced in all treatments, mainly that of polychaetes and amphipods. Moreover, the juveniles-gravid female ratios of the nematode communities were the lowest in the 1.8 µg.L-1 Bisoprolol treatment and for the 1.8 mg.L-1 mixture of Diltiazem and microplastics, suggesting that different dosages influence the maturity status of the examined species. The demographic results were also supported by in silico approach. The simulation of molecular interactions revealed acceptable binding affinities (up to -8.1 kcal/mol) and interactions with key residues in the germ line development protein 3 and sex-determining protein from Coenorhabditis elegans. Overall, the experimental outcome strongly indicates synergistic interactions among the beta-blockers Diltiazem and Bisoprolol and the microplastic polyvinyl chloride on marine nematode communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Allouche
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Ishak
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Paraskevi K Karachle
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, 46.7 Athens-Sounio Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos, Attika, Greece
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramadan H Abu-Zied
- Geology department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 La Rabta-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Telahigue K, Rabeh I, Mhadhbi L, Nechi S, Chelbi E, Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Al-Harbi MS, Hajji T. Glyphosate exposure modulates lipid composition, histo-architecture and oxidative stress status and induces neurotoxicity in the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2022; 184:105099. [PMID: 35715038 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most sprayed pesticide across the globe. Its toxicity to non-target marine organisms has recently piqued the scientific community's interest. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the potentially toxic effects of glyphosate on scallops, an ecologically and economically important bivalve group. To do that, specimens of the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber were exposed to different concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 μg L-1) of the technical-grade glyphosate acid (GLY) for 96 h. The detrimental effects of this pollutant were assayed at cellular and tissular levels. The obtained results showed that the GLY was able to induce oxidative stress in the gills and the digestive gland of F. glaber as revealed by the enhanced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PCO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid peroxides (LOOH) levels and the altered antioxidant defense system (the glutathione GSH content and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity). Additionally, GLY was found to alter the fatty acid profile, to exert a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and to provoke several histopathological damages in the two organs studied. The obtained results revealed that the pure form of GLY may exert toxic effects on F. glaber even at relatively low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Telahigue
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Rabeh
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Mhadhbi
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Nechi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri hospital, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Emna Chelbi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri hospital, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Al-Harbi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Hajji
- Lab. Of Biotechnology and Valorization fo Bio-GeResources (LR11ES31), Higher Institute of Biotechnology - Sidi Thabet, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
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Hadj Brahim A, Ben Ali M, Daoud L, Jlidi M, Akremi I, Hmani H, Feto NA, Ben Ali M. Biopriming of Durum Wheat Seeds with Endophytic Diazotrophic Bacteria Enhances Tolerance to Fusarium Head Blight and Salinity. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050970. [PMID: 35630414 PMCID: PMC9147649 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the use of bio inoculants based on plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to promote plant growth under biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we provided a detailed account of the effectiveness of a number of endophytic PGPB strains, isolated from the roots of the halophyte Salicornia brachiata in promoting durum wheat growth and enhancing its tolerance to salinity and fusarium head blight (FHB) disease. Bacillus spp. strains MA9, MA14, MA17, and MA19 were found to have PGPB characteristics as they produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, and lytic enzymes, fixed free atmospheric nitrogen, and solubilized inorganic phosphate in vitro. Additionally, the in vivo study that involved in planta inoculation assays under control and stress conditions indicated that all PGPB strains significantly (p < 0.05) increased the total plant length, dry weight, root area, seed weight, and nitrogen, protein, and mineral contents. Particularly, the MA17 strain showed a superior performance since it was the most efficient in reducing disease incidence in wheat explants by 64.5%, in addition to having the strongest plant growth promotion activity under salt stress. Both in vitro and in vivo assays showed that MA9, MA14, MA17, and MA19 strains were able to play significant PGPB roles. However, biopriming with Bacillus subtilis MA17 offered the highest plant growth promotion and salinity tolerance, and bioprotection against FHB. Hence, it would be worth testing the MA17 strain under field conditions as a step towards its commercial production. Moreover, the strain could be further assessed for its plausible role in bioprotection and growth promotion in other crop plants. Thus, it was believed that the strain has the potential to significantly contribute to wheat production in arid and semi-arid regions, especially the salt-affected Middle Eastern Region, in addition to its potential role in improving wheat production under biotic and abiotic stresses in other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Hadj Brahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.B.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Daoud
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Jlidi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Ismahen Akremi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Houda Hmani
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Naser Aliye Feto
- OMICS Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa;
| | - Mamdouh Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzymatic Engineering (LBMIE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (I.A.); (H.H.)
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (A.H.B.); (M.B.A.)
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Hedfi A, Ali MB, Noureldeen A, Almalki M, Rizk R, Mahmoudi E, Plăvan G, Pacioglu O, Boufahja F. Effects of benzo(a)pyrene on meiobenthic assemblage and biochemical biomarkers in an Oncholaimus campylocercoides (Nematoda) microcosm. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:16529-16548. [PMID: 34651273 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A microcosm experiment was carried out to determine how benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) may affect marine meiofauna community, with a main emphasis on nematode structure and functional traits. Three increasing concentrations of BaP (i.e. 100, 200 and 300 ng/l, respectively) were used for 30 days. The results revealed a gradual decrease in the abundance of all meiobenthic groups (i.e. nematodes, copepods, amphipods, polychaetes and oligochaetes), except for isopods. Starting at concentrations of 200 and 300 ng/l BaP, respectively, significant changes were observed at community level. At taxonomic level, the nematode communities were dominated at the start of the experiment and also after being exposed or not to BaP by Odontophora villoti, explicable through its high ecologic ubiquity and the presence of well-developed chemosensory organs (i.e. amphids), which potentially increased the avoidance reaction following exposure to this hydrocarbon. Moreover, changes in the activity of several biochemical biomarkers (i.e. catalase 'CAT', gluthatione S-transferase 'GST', and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase 'EROD') were observed in the nematode species Oncholaimus campylocercoides, paralleled by significant decreases in CAT activity for non-gravid females compared to controls at concentrations of 25 ng/l BaP and associated with significant increase in GST and EROD activities for both types of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roquia Rizk
- Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
- Biochemisrty Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ezzeddine Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Gabriel Plăvan
- Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Octavian Pacioglu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Mahmoudi M, Bejaoui W, Ali MB, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Essid N, Mahmoudi E, Rizk R, Pacioglu O, Urkmez D, Dervishi A, Boufahja F. How effective is wastewater treatment? A case study under the light of taxonomic and feeding features of meiobenthic nematodes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:2566-2578. [PMID: 34370198 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15844-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A microcosm bioassay was designed to assess the efficacy of wastewater treatment methods used in sewage plants. The taxonomic and feeding characteristics of a meiobenthic nematode assemblage from Ghar El Melh lagoon (Tunisia) were used to achieve this goal. Nematode assemblages were exposed for 30 days to untreated wastewater (UW) obtained from the sewage treatment plant of Sidi Ahmed (Tunisia) and three mixtures with treated wastewater (TW33 = 33%, TW66 = 66%, and TW100 = 100%). Concerning the nematode abundance, the exposure to either treated wastewater (TW33-100) or untreated wastewater (UW) had no significant effect. In contrast, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou's Evenness were clearly reduced by contamination with both types of wastewater, with a more pronounced negative impact prior to treatment in the sewage plant. The multivariate analyzes revealed a change in the taxonomic composition of the nematofauna in response to the contamination by untreated or treated wastewater. The relative abundances of species in wastewater replicates compared to controls reflected this taxonomic restructuring. Finally, Ascolaimus elongatus, Terschellingia communis, and Kraspedonema octogoniata were less represented in all experimentally treated units and could be considered as 'sensitive taxa to wastewater'. While, Paracomesoma dubium, appears to be a 'tolerant and/or opportunistic' species, showing increased relative abundances under all wastewater treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Bejaoui
- LR Biotechnology and Bio-Geo Resources Valorization (LR11ES31c) Higher Institute for Biotechnology, University of Manouba Biotechnopole of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naceur Essid
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Ezzeddine Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Roquia Rizk
- Research Center for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, H-8200, Hungary
- Biochemisrty Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Octavian Pacioglu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Derya Urkmez
- Sinop University, Scientific and Technological Research and Application Center, TR57000, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Aida Dervishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Zog I, 25/1, 1001, Tirana, Albania
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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10
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Dellali M, Hedfi A, Ali MB, Noureldeen A, Darwish H, Beyrem H, Gyedu-Ababio T, Dervishi A, Karachle PK, Boufahja F. Multi-biomarker approach in Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus as a predictor of pelago-benthic responses after exposure to Benzo[a]Pyrene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109141. [PMID: 34271163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the biomarker responses indicative of exposure to Benzo[a] Pyrene (B[a]P) in Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus. A significant increase of the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) was observed after seven days of exposure to two concentrations of B[a]P (100 and 300 μg.L-1), in the digestive gland with the lowest concentration tested. The TOSC in the gills increased notably only after the exposure to 300 μg.L-1 of B[a]P. Interestingly, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in gills and digestive gland on one hand and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in gills in the other, were positively correlated with the concentration of B[a]P with a significant induction noticed at the highest concentration. In contrast, a significant increase of the GST activity was observed in the digestive gland following the exposure of bivalves to 100 μg.L-1. In pelagic (M. galloprovincialis) or benthic (R. decussatus) bivalves, the AChE activity decreased discernibly in digestive glands and gills with the increase of B[a]P concentrations as evidence of neurotoxic effects. In clams, the exposure to B[a]P was followed by a significant increase of Malondialdehyde level (MDA) in gills and digestive gland, this does not occur in gills of Mytilus galloprovincialis at the concentration of 100 μg.L-1. Overall, the results found seems to indicate that the mussel was more suitable as a predictor tool of toxicity of B[a]P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dellali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeer Darwish
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamouda Beyrem
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | | | - Aida Dervishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Zog I, 25/1, 1001 Tirana, Albania
| | - Paraskevi K Karachle
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland waters, 46.7 Athens-Sounio Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos Attika, Greece
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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11
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Rehman FU, Mahmood R, Ali MB, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Mezni A, Rehman W, Haq S, Afsar H. Bergenia ciliate-Mediated Mixed-Phase Synthesis and Characterization of Silver-Copper Oxide Nanocomposite for Environmental and Biological Applications. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:6085. [PMID: 34683677 PMCID: PMC8549009 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bergenia ciliate (B. ciliate) leaf extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of silver-copper oxide nanocomposite (Ag-CuO NC). Scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM) were used to examine the structural morphology, and the average particle size was determined to be 47.65 nm. The phase confirmation and crystalline structure were examined through the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, where cubic and monoclinic geometries were assigned to Ag and CuO. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultra-violet and visible (UV-Visible) spectroscopies were operated to analyse the elemental composition, functional groups and light absorption phenomena of the Ag-CuO NC. Under the full light spectrum, the photodegradation of Rhodamine 6G was recorded, and 99.42 percent of the dye degraded in 80 min. The Agar well diffusion method was followed to perform antibacterial activity against selected pathogens, and the activity was found to increase with increasing concentration of Ag-CuO NC. The ABTS free radical scavenging activity suggests that the activity of Ag-CuO NC is higher than ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzffarabad 13100, Pakistan; (F.U.R.); (R.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Rashid Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzffarabad 13100, Pakistan; (F.U.R.); (R.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (M.B.A.); (A.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (M.B.A.); (A.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (M.B.A.); (A.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Amine Mezni
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Sirajul Haq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzffarabad 13100, Pakistan; (F.U.R.); (R.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Humma Afsar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzffarabad 13100, Pakistan; (F.U.R.); (R.M.); (H.A.)
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12
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Guesmi F, Prasad S, Ali MB, Ismail IA, Landoulsi A. Thymus hirtus sp. algeriensis Boiss. and Reut. volatile oil enhances TRAIL/Apo2L induced apoptosis and inhibits colon carcinogenesis through upregulation of death receptor pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21975-21990. [PMID: 34543231 PMCID: PMC8507293 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study is to determine the anticancer activity of Thymus algeriensis (TS) and its underlying mechanisms using in vitro and in animal models. Methods: HCT116 cells were treated with TS essential oil alone or with TRAIL, and then its anticancer effect was determined by using MTT assay, live dead assay, caspase activation and PARP cleavage. Further mechanisms of its anticancer effects was determined by analyzing expression of death receptor signaling pathway using Western blotting. A mouse model was also used to assess the antitumor potential of thyme essential oil. Results: TS oily fraction showed tumor growth inhibitory effect even at lower concentration. TS induces apoptotic cell death as indicated by cleavage of PARP, and activation of the initiator and effector caspases (caspase-3, -8 and -9). Further, results showed that TS increases the expression of death receptors (DRs) and reduces the expression of TRAIL decoy receptors (DcRs). In addition, upregulation of signaling molecules of MAPK pathway (p38 kinase, ERK, JNK), down-regulation of c-FLIP, and overexpression of SP1 and CHOP were observed by TS. Further in animal model, intragastric administration of TS (12.5 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml) prevented colorectal carcinogenesis by blocking multi-steps in carcinoma. Conclusion: Overall, these results indicate that thymus essential oil promotes apoptosis in HCT116 cells and impedes tumorigenesis in animal model. Moreover, thyme potentiates TRAIL-induced cell death through upregulation of DRs, CHOP and SP1 as well as downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins in HCT116 cells. However, therapeutic potential of TS needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Research and Development, Noble Pharma LLC, Menomonie, WI 54751, USA
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail A Ismail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
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13
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Sajid S, Rahman SU, Mohsin Gilani M, Sindhu ZUD, Ali MB, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Mahmood S. Molecular Characterization and Demographic Study on Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Faisalabad District. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254605. [PMID: 34398875 PMCID: PMC8366999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The re-emergence of virulent strains of the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) leads to significant economic losses of poultry industry in Pakistan during last few years. This disease causes the infection of bursa, which leads to major immune losses. A total number of 30 samples from five IBD outbreaks during the period of 2019-20 were collected from different areas of Faisalabad district, Pakistan and assayed by targeting the IBD virus VP2 region through RT-PCR. Among all the outbreaks, almost 80% of poultry birds were found positive for the IBDV. The bursa tissues were collected from the infected birds and histopathological examination of samples revealed severe lymphocytic depletion, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and necrosis of the bursa of Fabricius (BF). Positive samples were subjected to re-isolation and molecular characterization of IBDV. The Pakistan IBDV genes were subjected to DNA sequencing to determine the virus nucleotide sequences. The sequences of 100 Serotype-I IBDVs showing nearest homology were compared and identified with the study sequence. The construction of the phylogenetic tree for nucleotide sequences was accomplished by the neighbor-joining method in MEGA-6 with reference strains. The VP2 segment reassortment of IBDVs carrying segment A were identified as one important type of circulating strains in Pakistan. The findings indicated the molecular features of the Pakistan IBDV strains playing a role in the evolution of new strains of the virus, which will contribute to the vaccine selection and effective prevention of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Sajid
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Zia ud Din Sindhu
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Mahmood
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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14
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Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Karachle PK, Boufahja F. Toxicity of hydroxychloroquine, a potential treatment for COVID-19, on free-living marine nematodes. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 167:112361. [PMID: 33873039 PMCID: PMC8049378 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On March 2020, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was recommended as a treatment for COVID-19 high risk patients. Following the massive and widespread use of HCQ worldwide, a discernible high quantity is anticipated to end-up through the sewage systems in marine coastal areas. A closed microcosm study was undertaken herein for 30 days where meiobenthic nematodes were exposed to a range of HCQ concentrations (3.162, 31.62 and 63.24 μg.ml-1). After one month of exposure in HCQ, the total abundances and Shannon-Wiener index of the assemblages decreased, whereas the individual mass and the Trophic Diversity Index increased at the highest concentrations. Overall, a numerical negative impact was observed for the epistrate feeders and non-selective deposit feeders, however, this benefited to the omnivores-carnivores, and particularly to the Oncholaimids. Such responses of the nematodes 2B and the corresponding taxa are bioindicative of current- or post-COVID-19 crisis risks in relation with the bioaccumulation of HCQ in seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paraskevi K Karachle
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland waters, 46.7 Athens-Sounio Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos Attika, Greece
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Biomonitoring of the Environment, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Hedfi A, Ben Ali M, Hassan MM, Albogami B, Al-Zahrani SS, Mahmoudi E, Karachle PK, Rohal-Lupher M, Boufahja F. Nematode traits after separate and simultaneous exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (anthracene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene) in closed and open microcosms. Environ Pollut 2021; 276:116759. [PMID: 33639491 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The majority of experimental studies carried out to date, regarding the effects of pollutants on meiofauna have been conducted by means of closed systems, and rarely using open ones. The current work explored the impact of three Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), anthracene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene, applied alone or combined, on meiobenthic nematodes using both systems. The results revealed that single PAHs impacted the nematofauna similarly in closed or open systems with a higher toxicity observed for benzo[a]pyrene. However, the closed microcosms contaminated with PAHs became organically enriched, resulting in more non-selective deposit feeders and omnivores-carnivores. Taxonomic and functional effects related to combinations of PAHs were close to those of individual treatments in closed systems, however, for open ones, the outcomes were different. The caudal morphology influenced the response of taxa during their avoidance/endurance of hydrocarbons in open systems where the effects of PAHs mixtures appeared not only additive but also synergetic. Based on the results of the study, the use of open systems is preferred to closed ones as the research outcomes were more accurate and representing better conditions prevailing in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia; University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia; University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Montaser M Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Bander Albogami
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Samia S Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ezzeddine Mahmoudi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Paraskevi K Karachle
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, 46.7 Athens-Sounio Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013, Anavyssos, Attika, Greece.
| | - Melissa Rohal-Lupher
- Texas Water Development Board, 1700 North Congress Avenue, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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16
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Guesmi F, Prasad S, Tahri W, Dridi I, Ali MB, Hedfi A, Ismail IA, Landoulsi A. Volatile oil of Teucrium alopecurus sensitizes colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cell death. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2021; 13:1-13. [PMID: 34256525 DOI: 10.52586/s548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo2L), a member of cytokine family, is known to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, developing resistance to TRAIL is a major obstacle in cancer therapy. In this study, the in vitro effect of Teucrium alopecurus (TA) essential oil on inhibition of cancer cell growth and enhancing TRAIL-induced apoptosis were investigated in colon cancer cells. Untreated tumor cell lines are used as controls. TA induced cell death and increased the anticancer effects of TRAIL as observed by cell toxicity, live/dead assay, cleavage of caspases and PARP. Furthermore, the mechanism of anticancer potentiating effect of TA was found to be linked with the upregulation of death receptors (DRs) and reduced expression of TRAIL decoy receptors (DcRs). TA also down-regulated antiapoptotic proteins and induced p53 in colon cancer cells. In addition, we observed upregulation of MAPK signalling pathway (p38 kinase, JNK, ERK) and increased expression of C/EBP homologous transcription factor (CHOP) and specificity protein 1 (SP1) by TA. These findings demonstrate the potent anticancer effect of bioactive constituents of Teucrium alopecurus essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Research and Development Laboratory, Noble Pharma LLC, Menomonie, WI 54751, USA
| | - Wiem Tahri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Imen Dridi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Ismail A Ismail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Plant Genetic Transformation, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, 12619 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
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Akremi I, Holtappels D, Brabra W, Jlidi M, Hadj Ibrahim A, Ben Ali M, Fortuna K, Ahmed M, Meerbeek BV, Rhouma A, Lavigne R, Ben Ali M, Wagemans J. First Report of Filamentous Phages Isolated from Tunisian Orchards to Control Erwinia amylovora. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111762. [PMID: 33182526 PMCID: PMC7697814 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly discovered Erwinia amylovora phages PEar1, PEar2, PEar4 and PEar6 were isolated from three different orchards in North Tunisia to study their potential as biocontrol agents. Illumina sequencing revealed that the PEar viruses carry a single-strand DNA genome between 6608 and 6801 nucleotides and belong to the Inoviridae, making them the first described filamentous phages of E. amylovora. Interestingly, phage-infected cells show a decreased swimming and swarming motility and a cocktail of the four phages can significantly reduce infection of E. amylovora in a pear bioassay, potentially making them suitable candidates for phage biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismahen Akremi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (I.A.); (W.B.); (M.J.); (A.H.I.); (M.B.A.); (M.B.A.)
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (D.H.); (K.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Dominique Holtappels
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (D.H.); (K.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Wided Brabra
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (I.A.); (W.B.); (M.J.); (A.H.I.); (M.B.A.); (M.B.A.)
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Jlidi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (I.A.); (W.B.); (M.J.); (A.H.I.); (M.B.A.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Adel Hadj Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (I.A.); (W.B.); (M.J.); (A.H.I.); (M.B.A.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (I.A.); (W.B.); (M.J.); (A.H.I.); (M.B.A.); (M.B.A.)
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Kiandro Fortuna
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (D.H.); (K.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Mohammed Ahmed
- Biomaterials Research Group (BIOMAT), Department of Oral Sciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7-Block A Box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (B.V.M.)
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Tanta University, Biomedical Campus, 32511 Tanta, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- Biomaterials Research Group (BIOMAT), Department of Oral Sciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7-Block A Box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (B.V.M.)
| | - Ali Rhouma
- Laboratory of Integrated Olive Production, Olive Tree Institute, BP208 Marhajene City, Tunis 1082, Tunisia;
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (D.H.); (K.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Mamdouh Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatics and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (I.A.); (W.B.); (M.J.); (A.H.I.); (M.B.A.); (M.B.A.)
- Astrum Biotech, Business Incubator, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Jeroen Wagemans
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21-Box 2462, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (D.H.); (K.F.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-1637-4622
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Ncir M, Ben Ali M, Sellami H, Allagui MS, Lahyani A, Makni Ayadi F, Boudawara T, Allouche N, El Feki A, Saoudi M. Protective effects of Allium sativum essential oil rich in disulfides against deltamethrin induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Food Measure 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Guesmi F, Beghalem H, Tyagi AK, Ali MB, Mouhoub RB, Bellamine H, Landoulsi A. Prevention of H2O2 Induced Oxidative Damages of Rat Testis by Thymus algeriensis. Biomed Environ Sci 2016; 29:275-285. [PMID: 27241738 DOI: 10.3967/bes2016.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluate the effects of Thymus algeriensis (TEO) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) toxicity on body and testis weight, testis sperm count, testis lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats. METHODS Rats were treated with low (LD) and high dose (HD) of H2O2 (0.1 and 1 mmol/L) in the presence or absence of TEO (150 mg/kg). RESULTS The results exhibited a significant decrease in body weight and testis weight, in total sperm number decrease (P<0.05), sperm motility and percentage of sperm viability, leading to complete arrest, in sperm flagellar beat frequency by the gavage of 1 mmol/L H2O2 compared to controls. The administration of H2O2 resulted in a significant reduction in testis GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, and GST activity and significant increase (P<0.05) in MDA concentration compared with the untreated control animals. TEO pre-treatment protected testis from the H2O2 generated oxidative stress. These results were confirmed by histological architecture examinations. CONCLUSION H2O2 has the ability to alter the sperm function, characteristics and development of testis. However, TEO is an efficient natural agent, which can prevent the testis from H2O2-induced oxidative damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia; Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Hamida Beghalem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Biomonitoring of the Environment (LR01/ES14), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Ramla Ben Mouhoub
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Houda Bellamine
- Service of Anatomo- Pathology of Menzel Bourguiba, Bizerte 7050, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
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Ali MB, Attia M. Development and Validation of a RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Betamethasone and Sodium Benzoate in Oral Liquid Pharmaceutical Formulation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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21
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Guesmi F, Ben Ali M, Barkaoui T, Tahri W, Mejri M, Ben-Attia M, Bellamine H, Landoulsi A. Effects of Thymus hirtus sp. algeriensis Boiss. et Reut. (Lamiaceae) essential oil on healing gastric ulcers according to sex. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:138. [PMID: 25159191 PMCID: PMC4176582 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymus algeriensis Boiss. et Reut. (Lamiaceae), popularly known as "mougecha" or "mazoukcha" is prolific in Mediterranean regions, mostly in North Africa, and is used in folk medicine to treat of stomach diseases. METHODS In this study, animals were induced with gastric ulcers using HCl/ethanol (0.3 M HCl/60% ethanol) and treated orally with essential oil of Thymus algeriensis (EOTa) in various doses ranging from 54 mg/kg body weight to 180 mg/kg body weight. RESULT The dose found to be effective was 180 mg/kg body weight, since this dose brought about a maximum reduction in lesion index in female rats. In gastric tissues, levels of total glutathiones (GSH, GST and GPx) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Histopathological changes were observed using a cross section of gastric tissue. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of 13 components accounting for 77.7% of the essential oil from dried leaves. Oral administration of EOTa (54, 117 and 180 ml/kg) inhibited HCl/ethanol-induced ulcers. Lesion index was significantly reduced in ulcer induced animals treated with EOTa (HCl/ethanol + EOTa) compared to those ulcerated with HCl/ethanol but with no treatment given. Females showed a greater resistance to ulcers and gastric lesions occurred less often than in males. GSH, pH, enzymic antioxidants, and adherent mucus content were all significantly increased. CONCLUSION From the data presented in this study, it can be concluded that male rats are more sensitive to gastric ulcers induced by HCl/ethanol than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia.
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Ali MB, Mnafgui K, Feki A, Damak M, Allouche N. In vitro Antidiabetic, anti-obesity and antioxidant proprities of Rosemary extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.24297/jac.v10i2.5497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious health problem worldwide that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. Hence, this study sought to investigate the inhibitory potential of rosemary extracts on key-enzymes related to diabetes such as α-amylase and pancreatic lipase activities, as well as to assess their antioxidant properties in vitro. The IC50 values of Rosemary essential oil, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts against α-amylase were 28.36, 34.11 and 30.39 µg/mL respectively, and those against pancreatic lipase were 32.25, 36.64 and 34.07 µg/mL, suggesting strong anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects of Rosemary. The methanolic extract was found to be the highest in levels of phenolic (282.98 µgGAE/mg extract) and flavonoids (161.05 µg QE /mg extract) contents as well as in the antioxidant activity (IC50 = 15.82 µg/mL) as compared to other extracts ethyl acetate (IC50 = 32.23 µg/mL) and essential oil (IC50 = 96.12 µg/mL).Antioxidant efficacy of Rosemary extracts has been estimated in the stabilization of sunflower oil (SFO) at three different concentrations, i.e. 200 (SFO-200), 500 (SFO-500) and 1000 ppm (SFO-1000). Results showed the highest efficiency of SFO-1000.The results obtained in this study demonstrated for the first time that Rosemary is a potent source of natural inhibitors of α-amylase and pancreatic lipase with powerful antioxidants proprieties that might be used in the food stabilization and the prevention of diabetes and obesity complications as a complementary pharmacological drug.
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Ben Slima A, Ali MB, Barkallah M, Traore AI, Boudawara T, Allouche N, Gdoura R. Antioxidant properties of Pelargonium graveolens L'Her essential oil on the reproductive damage induced by deltamethrin in mice as compared to alpha-tocopherol. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:30. [PMID: 23496944 PMCID: PMC3641007 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to the pyrethroid pesticide deltamethrin has been demonstrated to exert a wide range of effects on non-targeted organisms. The beneficial effects of geranuim essential oil (EO) as an antioxidant has been assessed in deltamethrin (DL) orally administered mice by studying whether the reprotoxicity caused by deltamethrin can be effectively combated with the geranium oil and the effects were compared to vitamin E, as the standard reference drug. Result Sixty male albino mice were divided into six equal groups: a control group, a group of mice was given deltamethrin (5 mg/kg b.w.), two groups were administered deltamethrin after having given geranium essential oil (67 mg/kg b.w.) or vitamin E (Vit E) (100 mg/kg b.w.), and two groups received only EO of geranium or Vit E. When compared to control, a dose of deltamethrin 5 mg/kg/day causes a decrease in the epididymal sperm count motility and viability and an increase in the number of abnormal morphology in spermatozoa. DL-exposed mice showed a significant increase of lipid peroxidation (LPP) in the testis compared to control animals. Conclusion Essential oil of geranium prevented testicular oxidative damage explored by reduced LPP and improved total sperm motility, viability and morphology in mice spermatozoa. Our study showed a positive influence of geranium essential oil in the animal male reproductive system similar than that of Vit E.
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Halim NDA, Ali MB, Junaidi J, Yahaya N. Learning acids and bases through inquiry based website. 2010 IEEE Conference on Open Systems (ICOS 2010) 2010. [DOI: 10.1109/icos.2010.5720063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Mohamed
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Institute, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - M B Ali
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Institute, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - A K Bashir
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Institute, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - A M Salih
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Institute, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan
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Abstract
We studied the effects of hyperhydricity on subcellular ultrastructure and physiology of leaves during in vitro regeneration of apple plants. Morphological, anatomical and ultrastructural differences between healthy leaf tissues obtained from greenhouse-grown plants and healthy and hyperhydric leaves obtained from shoots raised from nodal shoot explants in a bioreactor were investigated by electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Compared with healthy leaves, hyperhydric leaves showed abnormal, often discontinuous development of the epidermis and cuticle. Stomata were malformed. The leaf lamina appeared thickened and was characterized by poor differentiation between the palisade and spongy mesophyll tissue. Hyperhydric leaves had a significantly lower chloroplast number per cell and chloroplasts showed reduced thylakoid stacking compared with healthy leaves. Hyperhydricity resulted in a general decrease in concentrations of reduced and oxidized pyridine nucleotides, reflecting a reduction in metabolic activity. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase were higher in hyperhydric leaves than in healthy leaves, indicating that hyperhydricity was associated with oxidative stress. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements provided evidence of oxidative damage to the photosynthetic machinery in hyperhydric leaves: photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, effective quantum efficiency and photochemical quenching were all lower in hyperhydric leaves compared with healthy leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chakrabarty
- Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheong Ju, Republic of Korea
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Vajpayee P, Rai UN, Ali MB, Tripathi RD, Kumar A, Singh SN. Possible involvement of oxidative stress in copper induced inhibition of nitrate reductase activity in Vallisneria spiralis L. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2005; 74:745-54. [PMID: 16094890 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-005-0645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Vajpayee
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Tripathi RD, Vajpayee P, Singh N, Rai UN, Kumar A, Ali MB, Kumar B, Yunus M. Efficacy of various amendments for amelioration of fly-ash toxicity: growth performance and metal composition of Cassia siamea Lamk. Chemosphere 2004; 54:1581-1588. [PMID: 14675837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants of Cassia siamea Lamk were grown in garden soil (control), fly-ash (100%) and fly-ash amended by various ameliorants (cowdung manure, press-mud, garden soil; 1:1, w/w). The plants survived in fly-ash (100%) though their growth was less in comparison to the treatments. Fly-ash+press-mud (1:1, w/w) proved to be the best combination as growth (total biomass, leaf number, photosynthetic area, total chlorophyll and protein) was significantly high in this treatment followed by cowdung manure and garden soil. Leaves and roots accumulated significant amount of Cu, Zn, Ni and and Fe. However, the concentration of all the metals was more in roots than leaves except Ni. Although, fly-ash contains high amount of metals but the metal uptake was more in the plants grown in fly-ash+press-mud mixture. Inspite of high metal availability in fly-ash and press-mud mixture, plant growth was good. This might be attributed to the some metal detoxification mechanism active in this treatment. The present study concluded that C. siamea seems to be a suitable plant for developing a vegetation cover on fly-ash dumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Tripathi
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation Group, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, P.O. Box 436, Lucknow 226 001, India.
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Ali MB. Treating severe acute respiratory syndrome with hyperimmune globulins. Hong Kong Med J 2003; 9:391-2. [PMID: 14530539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
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Singh RP, Tripathi RD, Dabas S, Rizvi SMH, Ali MB, Sinha SK, Gupta DK, Mishra S, Rai UN. Effect of lead on growth and nitrate assimilation of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek seedlings in a salt affected environment. Chemosphere 2003; 52:1245-1250. [PMID: 12821005 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of seedling growth and nitrate reductase activity in 5 d old Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek cv. Pusa Baisakhi in the presence of 1.0 mM lead acetate increased drastically, if NaCl (6 and 12 EC) was also present in the nutrient media along with the metal salt. Correspondingly higher endogenous Na+ levels were accumulated in the roots and leaves of seedlings in presence of the two stresses. On the other hand, the levels of endogenous lead get reduced in presence of NaCl in both the roots and leaves. Roots accumulated more Pb2+ and Na+ than the leaves. The two stresses affect more drastically in the additive or even synergistic manner during the early growth phase of the seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Singh
- Department of Biosciences, M.D. University, Rohtak 124001, India
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Tripathi RD, Rai UN, Vajpayee P, Ali MB, Khan E, Gupta DK, Mishra S, Shukla MK, Singh SN. Biochemical responses of Potamogeton pectinatus L. exposed to higher concentrations of zinc. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003; 71:255-262. [PMID: 14560375 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-003-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R D Tripathi
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg Post Box Number 436, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Rai UN, Tripathi RD, Vajpayee P, Pandey N, Ali MB, Gupta DK. Cadmium accumulation and its phytotoxicity in Potamogeton pectinatus L. (Potamogetonaceae). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003; 70:566-575. [PMID: 12592533 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-003-0023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- U N Rai
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, P.B. No. 436, Lucknow-226 001, India
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Ali MB, Vajpayee P, Tripathi RD, Rai UN, Singh SN, Singh SP. Phytoremediation of lead, nickel, and copper by Salix acmophylla Boiss.: role of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant substances. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003; 70:462-469. [PMID: 12592519 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-003-0009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M B Ali
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Kumar A, Vajpayee P, Ali MB, Tripathi RD, Singh N, Rai UN, Singh SN. Biochemical responses of Cassia siamea Lamk. grown on coal combustion residue (fly-ash). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2002; 68:675-683. [PMID: 12068933 DOI: 10.1007/s001280307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Rai UN, Tripathi RD, Vajpayee P, Jha V, Ali MB. Bioaccumulation of toxic metals (Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu) by seeds of Euryale ferox Salisb. (Makhana) W. Chemosphere 2002; 46:267-272. [PMID: 11827284 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The level of toxic metals Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu was determined in seeds, water and sediments collected from nine closed waterbodies of Darbhanga, north Bihar, used for cultivation of the edible aquatic macrophyte Euryaleferox Salisb. during harvesting season of the crop for two successive years (1996 and 1997). Seeds bioconcentrated appreciable amount of these toxic metals in the order Pb > Cr > Cu > Cd. The increased load of metal pollution due to domestic and municipal discharges threatened the habitats of the plant. The toxic metal contents in seeds were found positively correlated with the ambient concentration of metals in water and sediments. The importance of these findings has been discussed for national water resource economy of the country and human health perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- U N Rai
- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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Vajpayee P, Rai UN, Ali MB, Tripathi RD, Yadav V, Sinha S, Singh SN. Chromium-induced physiologic changes in Vallisneria spiralis L. and its role in phytoremediation of tannery effluent. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 67:246-256. [PMID: 11429683 DOI: 10.1007/s001280117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2000] [Accepted: 04/26/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Vajpayee
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Ali MB, Vajpayee P, Tripathi RD, Rai UN, Kumar A, Singh N, Behl HM, Singh SP. Mercury bioaccumulation induces oxidative stress and toxicity to submerged macrophyte Potamogeton crispus L. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2000; 65:573-582. [PMID: 11014840 DOI: 10.1007/s0012800162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M B Ali
- Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation Group, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Vajpayee P, Tripathi RD, Rai UN, Ali MB, Singh SN. Chromium (VI) accumulation reduces chlorophyll biosynthesis, nitrate reductase activity and protein content in Nymphaea alba L. Chemosphere 2000; 41:1075-1082. [PMID: 10879826 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants of Nymphaea alba L. grown at various levels of chromium (VI) ranging from 1 to 200 microM accumulated chromium in concentration and duration-dependent manner. At all Cr levels, chromium accumulation by various plant tissues followed the order roots > leaves > rhizomes. Approximately 93% of total chromium present in the medium was accumulated by plants at lowest conentration (1 microM) used in the experiment. Chromium-induced toxicity appears at 1 microM chromium resulting in the build-up of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and reduced activities of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and nitrate reductase (NR), total chlorophyll (Chl) and protein contents. Ch1a was more sensitive than Ch1b to chromium toxicity. It could be inferred that chromium toxicity is not located at the level of ALA synthesis, but, probably at the ALAD activity which was more severely affected during chlorophyll biosynthesis. Finally, impaired chlorophyll biosynthesis resulted in reduced total chlorophyll content.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vajpayee
- Environmental Botany Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Rai UN, Tripathi RD, Singh N, Kumar A, Ali MB, Pal A, Singh SN. Amelioration of fly-Ash by selected nitrogen fixing blue green algae. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2000; 64:294-301. [PMID: 10656898 DOI: 10.1007/s001289910043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- U N Rai
- Environmental Science Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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Ali MB, Tripathi RD, Rai UN, Pal A, Singh SP. Physico-chemical characteristics and pollution level of Lake Nainital (U.P., India): role of macrophytes and phytoplankton in biomonitoring and phytoremediation of toxic metal ions. Chemosphere 1999; 39:2171-2182. [PMID: 10576113 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lake Nainital is the sole source of drinking water for the local people and even to majority of tourists. In background of lake utility and its importance at national level, such study is essential which is focused on toxic metal pollution and current nutrient status of the lake and their magnification by algae and macrophytes. Study has shown that lake water is rich in nutrients which supports growth of many aquatic macrophytes and algal blooms. Besides, water is contaminated with metals like Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Concentration of some of them like Fe, Pb and Ni were higher than the recommended maximum permissible limits. Concentration of these metals were also found high in lake sediments. The level of metals amongst various components of lake varied considerably in different season. Plants and algae growing therein accumulated appreciable amount of metals and water roots of Salix being more efficient than others. High metal removing potential of these plants may be significant for biomonitoring studies and could be a useful phytoremediation technology to restore water quality by harvesting submerged and floating biomass inhabiting littoral zone of the lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Ali
- Environmental Botany Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
The aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca bark, which is used in Sudanese folk medicine in the treatment of jaundice, was without effect when studied on rabbit intestine, rabbit aortic strip, rat stomach strip, rat uterus and rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm in a dose up to 10 mg/mL gut bath. In a larger dose (25 mg) the extract decreased significantly the contractility and the rate of the isolated perfused rabbit heart. Administration of the aqueous extract to biliary duct-ligated rats, showed a dose-dependent significant decrease in serum bilirubin level. The chronic and subchronic toxicity investigations indicate the safety of the aqueous extract at a dose level which showed a significant decrease in serum bilirubin level in experimental obstructive jaundice in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Institute National Center For Research, Khartoum, Sudan, PO Box 2404
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Abstract
We present a rare case of a congenital bronchoesophageal fistula in a 54-year-old woman with a history of poor feeding tolerance since infancy and repeated pulmonary infections. She initially presented with epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Her workup included a barium esophagogram that revealed a fistula between her midesophagus and a left lower lobe segmental bronchus. The fistula was divided, a left lower lobe superior segmentectomy was performed, and an intercostal muscle was placed over the esophageal closure. The patient noted an immediate decrease of postprandial coughing. Congenital respiratory esophageal fistulas that are not associated with esophageal atresia may persist into adulthood before they become clinically apparent. The diagnosis should be considered in certain individuals with suggestive symptomatology and unexplained respiratory pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deb
- Department of Surgery, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
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Leinbach TR, Watkins JF, Bowen J, Ali MB, Fachurrozie SA. Off-farm employment in Indonesian transmigration: case studies from south Sumatra. Majalah Demografi Indones 1992:71-107. [PMID: 12344661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The authors assess the impact of off-farm employment in the context of Indonesia's transmigration program. "The central objective...is to explore and generalize transmigrant households' employment behavior with respect to off-farm activities.... The specific intent...is to focus upon the individuals participating in off-farm employment: the conditions which lead to the development of their employment behavior as well as the nature of the employment itself." (SUMMARY IN IND)
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Abstract
Episodes of staphylococcal bacteremia resulting in metastatic infection have occurred in association with nasal septoplasty, and this has suggested the possible need for antimicrobial prophylaxis. In a study designed to measure the actual frequency with which transient staphylococcal bacteremia occurs during nasal septoplasty, 50 healthy patients had blood cultures drawn immediately prior to and during the procedure. Although 46% of the 50 patients studied had their nasal mucosa colonized with Staphylococcus aureus, some of the blood cultures obtained from the 50 patients showed bacterial growth. The authors conclude that staphylococcal bacteremia during nasal septoplasty is a rare occurrence, and that antimicrobial prophylaxis is unnecessary.
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Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is associated with infection acquired during contact with sea water or with seafood, and is seldom suspected by physicians in noncoastal states. The ease of transportation of fresh raw seafood has facilitated this organism's capacity to produce disease in geographic areas in which it was previously unseen. We have reported a case of fatal Vibrio vulnificus sepsis acquired from ingestion of fresh oysters in the inland United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Ali
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Ky 40292
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Abstract
A case is presented of subdural hemorrhage diagnosed in utero at 31 weeks of gestation by fetal ultrasonography. Following delivery, clinical examination of the infant revealed hydrops fetalis, right-sided cardiomegaly, hepatic dysfunction, and coagulopathy. Prompt resolution of these problems led to a retrospective diagnosis of premature closure of the foramen ovale as the precipitating event. The causes of previously reported cases of intrauterine cerebral hemorrhage are reviewed and compared to the present case.
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