1
|
Manessis G, Frant M, Podgórska K, Gal-Cisoń A, Łyjak M, Urbaniak K, Woźniakowski G, Denes L, Balka G, Nannucci L, Griol A, Peransi S, Basdagianni Z, Mourouzis C, Giusti A, Bossis I. Label-Free Detection of African Swine Fever and Classical Swine Fever in the Point-of-Care Setting Using Photonic Integrated Circuits Integrated in a Microfluidic Device. Pathogens 2024; 13:415. [PMID: 38787267 PMCID: PMC11124021 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Swine viral diseases have the capacity to cause significant losses and affect the sector's sustainability, a situation further exacerbated by the lack of antiviral drugs and the limited availability of effective vaccines. In this context, a novel point-of-care (POC) diagnostic device incorporating photonic integrated circuits (PICs), microfluidics and information, and communication technology into a single platform was developed for the field diagnosis of African swine fever (ASF) and classical swine fever (CSF). The device targets viral particles and has been validated using oral fluid and serum samples. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated to assess the performance of the device, and PCR was the reference method employed. Its sensitivities were 80.97% and 79%, specificities were 88.46% and 79.07%, and DOR values were 32.25 and 14.21 for ASF and CSF, respectively. The proposed POC device and PIC sensors can be employed for the pen-side detection of ASF and CSF, thus introducing novel technological advancements in the field of animal diagnostics. The need for proper validation studies of POC devices is highlighted to optimize animal biosecurity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Manessis
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Maciej Frant
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.F.); (K.P.); (A.G.-C.); (M.Ł.); (K.U.)
| | - Katarzyna Podgórska
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.F.); (K.P.); (A.G.-C.); (M.Ł.); (K.U.)
| | - Anna Gal-Cisoń
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.F.); (K.P.); (A.G.-C.); (M.Ł.); (K.U.)
| | - Magdalena Łyjak
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.F.); (K.P.); (A.G.-C.); (M.Ł.); (K.U.)
| | - Kinga Urbaniak
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów Avenue 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (M.F.); (K.P.); (A.G.-C.); (M.Ł.); (K.U.)
| | - Grzegorz Woźniakowski
- Department of Infectious, Invasive Diseases and Veterinary Administration, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolas Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Lilla Denes
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istvan Str. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (L.D.); (G.B.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str 2., 1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Balka
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istvan Str. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (L.D.); (G.B.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str 2., 1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lapo Nannucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy;
| | - Amadeu Griol
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n Building 8F, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sergio Peransi
- DAS Photonics SL, Camino de Vera, s/n, Building 8F 2nd-Floor, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Zoitsa Basdagianni
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Christos Mourouzis
- Cyprus Research and Innovation Centre Ltd. (CyRIC), 28th Octovriou Ave 72, Off. 301, Engomi, 2414 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessandro Giusti
- Cyprus Research and Innovation Centre Ltd. (CyRIC), 28th Octovriou Ave 72, Off. 301, Engomi, 2414 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Ioannis Bossis
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (Z.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luan H, Wang S, Ju L, Liu T, Shi H, Ge S, Jiang S, Wu J, Peng J. KP177R-based visual assay integrating RPA and CRISPR/ Cas12a for the detection of African swine fever virus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1358960. [PMID: 38655256 PMCID: PMC11035814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early detection of the virus in the environment or in infected pigs is a critical step to stop African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission. The p22 protein encoded by ASFV KP177R gene has been shown to have no effect on viral replication and virulence and can serve as a molecular marker for distinguishing field virus strains from future candidate KP177R deletion vaccine strains. Methods This study established an ASFV detection assay specific for the highly conserved ASFV KP177R gene based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and the CRISPR/Cas12 reaction system. The KP177R gene served as the initial template for the RPA reaction to generate amplicons, which were recognized by guide RNA to activate the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a protein, thereby leading to non-specific cleavage of single-stranded DNA as well as corresponding color reaction. The viral detection in this assay could be determined by visualizing the results of fluorescence or lateral flow dipstick (LFD) biotin blotting for color development, and was respectively referred to as fluorescein-labeled RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a and biotin-labeled LFD RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a. The clinical samples were simultaneously subjected to the aforementioned assay, while real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was employed as a control for determining the diagnostic concordance rate between both assays. Results The results showed that fluorescein- and biotin-labeled LFD KP177R RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assays specifically detected ASFV, did not cross-react with other swine pathogens including PCV2, PEDV, PDCoV, and PRV. The detection assay established in this study had a limit of detection (LOD) of 6.8 copies/μL, and both assays were completed in 30 min. The KP177R RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay demonstrated a diagnostic coincidence rate of 100% and a kappa value of 1.000 (p < 0.001), with six out of ten clinical samples testing positive for ASFV using both KP177R RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a and RT-qPCR, while four samples tested negative in both assays. Discussion The rapid, sensitive and visual detection assay for ASFV developed in this study is suitable for field application in swine farms, particularly for future differentiation of field virus strains from candidate KP177R gene-deleted ASFV vaccines, which may be a valuable screening tool for ASF eradication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haorui Luan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- East China Scientific Experimental Station of Animal Pathogen Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Ju
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- East China Scientific Experimental Station of Animal Pathogen Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- East China Scientific Experimental Station of Animal Pathogen Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Haoyue Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- East China Scientific Experimental Station of Animal Pathogen Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Shengqiang Ge
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- East China Scientific Experimental Station of Animal Pathogen Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- East China Scientific Experimental Station of Animal Pathogen Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding S, Shen T, Feng Z, Diao S, Yan Y, Du Z, Jin Y, Gu J, Zhou J, Liao M, Dong W. Development of a highly sensitive TaqMan method based on multi-probe strategy: its application in ASFV detection. Biol Methods Protoc 2024; 9:bpae011. [PMID: 38486874 PMCID: PMC10939455 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The establishment of high sensitive detection method for various pathogenic microorganisms remains constantly concerned. In the present study, multi-probe strategy was first systematically investigated followed by establishing a highly sensitive TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) method for detecting African swine fever virus (ASFV). Briefly, four probes based on the B646L gene of ASFV were designed and the effects of different combinations of the probes in a single TaqMan qPCR assay on the detection sensitivity were investigated. As less as 0.5-5 copies/μl of the ASFV gene was detected by the established TaqMan qPCR assay. Furthermore, plasmid harboring the B646L in water samples could be concentrated 1000 times by ultrafiltration to enable a highly sensitive detection of trace viral nucleic acids. Moreover, no cross-reactivity was observed with other common clinical swine viruses such as PCV2, PCV3, PCV4, PEDV, PDCoV, CSFV, PRRSV, and PRV. When detecting 173 clinical porcine serum samples, the coincidence rate between the developed method and WOAH (World Organization of Animal Health) recommended method was 100%. This study might provide an integrated strategy to achieve higher detection sensitivity of trace pathogenic microorganisms and applicably sensitive TaqMan-based qPCR assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Ding
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tianren Shen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zixuan Feng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sujing Diao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Yan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhenkun Du
- Zhoushan City Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, Zhejiang 316000, China
| | - Yulan Jin
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinyan Gu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Liao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiren Dong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pegu SR, Deb R, Das PJ, Sengar GS, Yadav AK, Rajkhowa S, Paul S, Gupta VK. Development of multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of African swine fever, porcine circo and porcine parvo viral infection from clinical samples. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1883-1890. [PMID: 35343866 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2053698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A diagnostic method for simultaneously detecting and distinguishing African Swine Fever (ASF), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), and porcine parvovirus (PPV) in clinical specimens is critical for differential diagnosis, monitoring, and control in the field. Three primer pairs were designed and used to create a multiplex PCR assay. In addition, 356 porcine post mortem tissue samples from various parts of India's North Eastern region were tested by the developed multiplex PCR assay to demonstrate its accuracy. Using the designed primers, each of the ASF, PCV2 and PPV target genes was amplified, but no other porcine virus genes were detected. The assay's limit of detection was 102 copies/µl of PCV2, PPV, or ASFV. The detection of PCV2, PPV, and ASF in postmortem tissue samples revealed that they are co-circulating in India's North-Eastern region. The percentage positivity (PP) for PCV2, PPV and ASF single infection were 7.02% (25/356), 3.93% (14/356), and 3.37% (12/356), respectively, while the PP for PCV2& PPV co-infection was 2.80% (10/356), ASF & PCV2 co infection was 1.4% (5/356) and the ASF, PPV& PCV2 co-infection was1.40% (5/356). The results also indicate that the ASF can infect pigs alongside PCV and PPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajib Deb
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati, Assam
| | | | | | | | | | - Souvik Paul
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati, Assam
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zheng W, Xi J, Zi Y, Wang J, Chi Y, Chen M, Zou Q, Tang C, Zhou X. Stability of African swine fever virus genome under different environmental conditions. Vet World 2023; 16:2374-2381. [PMID: 38152254 PMCID: PMC10750735 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2374-2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim African swine fever (ASF), a globally transmitted viral disease caused by ASF virus (ASFV), can severely damage the global trade economy. Laboratory diagnostic methods, including pathogen and serological detection techniques, are currently used to monitor and control ASF. Because the large double-stranded DNA genome of the mature virus particle is wrapped in a membrane, the stability of ASFV and its genome is maintained in most natural environments. This study aimed to investigate the stability of ASFV under different environmental conditions from both genomic and antibody perspectives, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and elimination of ASFV. Materials and Methods In this study, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for pathogen assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serological assays to examine the stability of the ASFV genome and antibody, respectively, under different environmental conditions. Results The stability of the ASFV genome and antibody under high-temperature conditions depended on the treatment time. In the pH test, the ASFV genome and antibody remained stable in both acidic and alkaline environments. Disinfection tests revealed that the ASFV genome and antibody were susceptible to standard disinfection methods. Conclusion Collectively, the results demonstrated that the ASFV genome is highly stable in favorable environments but are also susceptible to standard disinfection methods. This study focuses on the stability of the ASFV genome under different conditions and provides various standard disinfection methods for the prevention and control of ASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Jiahui Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Yin Zi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Jinling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Yue Chi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Qingjian Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Chengcheng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anholt H, Hillman V, Vaughan J, Smyth N. The Soft Tick Ornithodoros moubata and Its Role in the Epidemiology of African Swine Fever in Central Malawi. J Wildl Dis 2023; 59:465-471. [PMID: 37170355 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-22-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
African swine fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease of pigs (Sus scrofa) caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, African swine fever virus (ASFV). With up to 100% mortality in pigs and no vaccine, the socioeconomic impacts of this disease are immense. In sub-Saharan Africa, warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) are the original vertebrate host for the virus, which is transmitted among wild suids via the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata. In Malawi, O. moubata is thought to be widely distributed, with the potential to spread ASFV beyond its historical enzootic zone in the Central Region. We surveyed 76 domestic pig farms, 18 active warthog burrows, and three bushpigs (Potamochoerus larvatus) resting sites for O. moubata in the Central Region of Malawi, and tested the ticks for ASFV using PCR. We found a limited distribution for O. moubata: 75 ticks were discovered at a single farm in the Mchinji District. Eleven percent of these ticks were ASFV positive. This suggests that wildlife and O. moubata play a limited role in the epidemiology of ASF in Malawi; thus, other factors for disease spread, such as fomites and pig-to-pig infection, need to be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Anholt
- University of British Columbia, School of Population and Public Health, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Vicky Hillman
- University of Glasgow, School of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, Wolfson Medical School Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | - Neil Smyth
- University of Southampton, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Building 85, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shen Z, Qiu W, Luan H, Sun C, Cao X, Wang G, Peng J. I329L protein-based indirect ELISA for detecting antibodies specific to African swine fever virus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1150042. [PMID: 37351180 PMCID: PMC10282770 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1150042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a disease that causes severe economic losses to the global porcine industry. As no vaccine or drug has been discovered for the prevention and control of ASF virus (ASFV), accurate diagnosis and timely eradication of infected animals are the primary measures, which necessitate accurate and effective detection methods. In this study, the truncated ASFV I329L (amino acids 70-237), was induced using IPTG and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. The highly antigenic viral protein I329L was used to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA), named I329L-ELISA, which cut-off value was 0.384. I329L-ELISA was used to detect 186 clinical pig serum samples, and the coincidence rate between the indirect ELISA developed here and the commercial kit was 96.77%. No cross-reactivity was observed with CSFV, PRRSV, PCV2, or PRV antibody-positive pig sera, indicating good specificity. Both intra- assay and inter-assay coefficients were below 10%, and the detection sensitivity of the iELISA reached 1:3200. In this study, an iELISA for ASFV antibody detection was developed based on the truncated ASFV I329L protein. Overall, the I329L-ELISA is a user-friendly detection tool that is suitable for ASFV antibody detection and epidemiological surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Breeding Management Department, Beisanxia Husbandry Company Limited, Hegang, China
| | - Wenchen Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Haorui Luan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Chunxi Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xinya Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Jun Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi Z, Cao L, Luo J, Zhou G, Zuo Q, Liu X, Hu Y, Tian H, Zheng H. A chemiluminescent magnetic microparticle immunoassay for the detection of antibody against African swine fever virus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3779-3788. [PMID: 37099055 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The p30 protein is abundantly expressed in the early stage of African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection. Thus, it is an ideal antigen candidate for serodiagnosis with the use of an immunoassay. In this study, a chemiluminescent magnetic microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) was developed for the detection of antibodies (Abs) against ASFV p30 protein in porcine serum. Purified p30 protein was coupled to magnetic beads, and the experimental conditions including concentration, temperature, incubation time, dilution ratio, buffers, and other relevant variables were evaluated and optimized. To evaluate the performance of the assay, a total of 178 pig serum samples (117 negative and 61 positive samples) were tested. According to receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off value of the CMIA was 104,315 (area under the curve, 0.998; Youden's index, 0.974; 95% confidence interval: 99.45 to 100%). Sensitivity results showed that the dilution ratio of p30 Abs in ASFV-positive sera detected by the CMIA is much higher when compared to commercial blocking ELISA kit. Specificity testing showed that no cross-reactivity was observed with sera positive for other porcine disease viruses. The intraassay coefficient of variation (CV) was < 5%, and the interassay CV was < 10%. The p30-magnetic beads could be stored at 4 °C for more than 15 months without loss of activity. The kappa coefficient between CMIA and INGENASA blocking ELISA kit was 0.946, showing strong agreement. In conclusion, our method showed superiority with high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and stability and potentialized its application in the development of a diagnostic kit for the detection of ASF in clinical samples. KEY POINTS: • ASFV tag-free p30 was successfully purified. • High sensitivity, specificity, relatively simple, and time-saving to detect antibody against ASFV were developed. • The development of CMIA will help the clinical diagnosis of ASFV and will be useful for large-scale serological test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Liyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Juncong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Gaijing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Qingshan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - XiangTao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Yonghao Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Hong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China.
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fu X, Chen Z, Ma W, Zhang H, Mo W, Li J, Yang M. Entropy-driven dynamic self-assembled DNA dendrimers for colorimetric detection of African swine fever virus. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1675-1685. [PMID: 36715708 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we subtly engineered an amplified colorimetric biosensor for the cyclic detection of African swine fever virus DNA (ASFV-DNA), which associated the branched catalytic hairpin assembly (bCHA) amplification with G-quadruplex DNAzyme activity through triplex DNA formation. Firstly, a Y-shaped hairpin trimer was constructed for the dynamic self-assembly of DNA dendrimers. Then, in the presence of ASFV-DNA, the signal strand CP was opened, exposing the toehold regions, which would trigger the CHA cascade reaction between hairpin trimers. In the CHA cascade reaction, H1, H2, and H3 opened and bound in sequence, eventually forming the structure of DNA dendrimers. Subsequently, the obtained bCHA product was specifically recognized by the GGG repeat sequences of L1 and L2, then amplified by the synergistic effect of triplex DNA and the formation of asymmetric split G-quadruplex. Benefiting from the amplification properties of bCHA and the high peroxidase-like catalytic activity of asymmetrically split G-quadruplex DNAzymes, it could achieve effective colorimetric signal output in the presence of ASFV-DNA by means of triplex DNA formation. Under the optimal experimental conditions, this biosensor exhibited excellent sensitivity with a detection limit of 1.8 pM. Further, it was applied to the content detection of simulated samples of African swine fever, and the recoveries were 98.9 ~ 103.2%. This method has the advantages of simple operation, good selectivity, and high sensitivity, which is expected to be used for highly sensitive detection of actual samples of African swine fever virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China.
| | - Zhoujie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China.
| | - Wenhao Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China
| | - Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee H, Lee S, Park C, Yeom M, Lim JW, Vu TTH, Kim E, Song D, Haam S. Rapid Visible Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Using Hybridization Chain Reaction-Sensitized Magnetic Nanoclusters and Affinity Chromatography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207117. [PMID: 36960666 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a severe and persistent threat to the global swine industry. As there are no vaccines against ASFV, there is an immense need to develop easy-to-use, cost-effective, and rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic platforms to detect and prevent ASFV outbreaks. Here, a novel POC diagnostic system based on affinity column chromatography for the optical detection of ASFV is presented. This system employs an on-particle hairpin chain reaction to sensitize magnetic nanoclusters with long DNA strands in a target-selective manner, which is subsequently fed into a column chromatography device to produce quantitatively readable and colorimetric signals. The detection approach does not require expensive analytical apparatus or immobile instrumentation. The system can detect five genes constituting the ASFV whole genome with a detection limit of ≈19.8 pm in swine serum within 30 min at laboratory room temperature. With an additional pre-amplification step using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the assay is successfully applied to detect the presence of ASFV in 30 suspected swine samples with 100% sensitivity and specificity, similar to quantitative PCR. Thus, this simple, inexpensive, portable, robust, and customizable platform for the early detection of ASFV can facilitate the timely surveillance and implementation of control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoo Yeom
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Lim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Thu Hang Vu
- Department of Preclinical Science, College of Pharmacy, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering & Nano-Bioengineering, Research Center for Bio Materials and Process Development, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesub Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hwang HJ, Choi YS, Song K, Frant M, Kim JH. Development and validation of a fast quantitative real-time PCR assay for the detection of African swine fever virus. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1037728. [PMID: 36686190 PMCID: PMC9845278 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1037728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a double-stranded DNA virus that causes African swine fever (ASF), a lethal hemorrhagic fever that is highly contagious among domestic pigs and wild boars. Due to the high mortality rates and highly contagious nature of the ASF, it is important to develop a fast detection method for ASFV with high sensitivity and specificity to take an immediate action to stop wide spread of the virulent disease. Therefore, a fast and quantitative molecular detection method of ASFV is presented in this study. A total of 24 genotypes of ASFV have been identified based on nucleic acid sequences of the major capsid protein p72. The primers and probe of the present assay was designed to detect all of the p72-based genotypes of ASFV. The turnaround time for PCR detection was within 50 min which is at least about two-times faster compared to other PCR assays. Limit of detection (LoD) was 6.91 genomic copies/reaction for the most virulent genotype II. LoD values for other genotypes were within 10-20 copies/reaction. Cross-reactivity of the assay was validated using a panel of pathogens related to swine disease, and no cross-reactivity was observed. Positive and negative clinical samples (50 samples each) obtained from sick and healthy animals, were used to validate the assay. The results showed that 100% agreement for both positive and negative samples. In summary, the assay described in this study offers the advantage of rapid detection of all genotypes of ASFV with high sensitivity and specificity. The assay is a valuable tool both in clinical and laboratory uses for sensitive and fast detection of ASFV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maciej Frant
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of KHU-KIST Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Jeong Hee Kim
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Elnagar A, Blome S, Beer M, Hoffmann B. Point-of-Care Testing for Sensitive Detection of the African Swine Fever Virus Genome. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122827. [PMID: 36560831 PMCID: PMC9781289 DOI: 10.3390/v14122827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral hemorrhagic disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boar. The disease is notifiable to the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH), and causes significant deaths and economic losses. There is currently no fully licensed vaccine available. As a result, early identification of the causative agent, ASF virus (ASFV), is crucial for the implementation of control measures. PCR and real-time PCR are the WOAH-recommended standard methods for the direct detection of ASFV. However, under special field conditions or in simple or remote field laboratories, there may be no sophisticated equipment or even stable electricity available. Under these circumstances, point-of-care systems can be put in place. Along these lines, a previously published, rapid, reliable, and electricity-free extraction method (TripleE) was used to isolate viral nucleic acid from diagnostic specimens. With this tool, nucleic acid extraction from up to eight diagnostic samples can be realized in one run in less than 10 min. In addition, the possibility of completely omitting viral DNA extraction was analyzed with so-called direct real-time PCR protocols using ASFV original samples diluted to 1:40 in RNase-free water. Furthermore, three real-time PCR cyclers, developed for use under field conditions (IndiField, Liberty16 and UF-300 GenecheckerTM), were comparatively applied for the sensitive high-speed detection of ASFV genomes, with overall PCR run times between 20 and 54 min. Depending on the viral DNA extraction/releasing method used and the point-of-care cycler applied, a total time for detection of 30 to 60 min for up to eight samples was feasible. As expected, the limitations in analytical sensitivity were positively correlated to the analysis time. These limitations are acceptable for ASFV diagnostics due to the expected high ASFV genome loads in diseased animals or carcasses.
Collapse
|
13
|
Qin C, Liu J, Zhu W, Zeng M, Xu K, Ding J, Zhou H, Zhu J, Ke Y, Li LY, Sheng G, Li Z, Luo H, Jiang S, Chen K, Ding X, Meng H. One-Pot Visual Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Using CRISPR-Cas12a. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:962438. [PMID: 35923823 PMCID: PMC9339671 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.962438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a leading cause of worldwide agricultural loss. ASFV is a highly contagious and lethal disease for both domestic and wild pigs, which has brought enormous economic losses to a number of countries. Conventional methods, such as general polymerase chain reaction and isothermal amplification, are time-consuming, instrument-dependent, and unsatisfactorily accurate. Therefore, rapid, sensitive, and field-deployable detection of ASFV is important for disease surveillance and control. Herein, we created a one-pot visual detection system for ASFV with CRISPR/Cas12a technology combined with LAMP or RPA. A mineral oil sealing strategy was adopted to mitigate sample cross-contamination between parallel vials during high-throughput testing. Furthermore, the blue fluorescence signal produced by ssDNA reporter could be observed by the naked eye without any dedicated instrument. For CRISPR-RPA system, detection could be completed within 40 min with advantageous sensitivity. While CRISPR-LAMP system could complete it within 60 min with a high sensitivity of 5.8 × 102 copies/μl. Furthermore, we verified such detection platforms display no cross-reactivity with other porcine DNA or RNA viruses. Both CRISPR-RPA and CRISPR-LAMP systems permit highly rapid, sensitive, specific, and low-cost Cas12a-mediated visual diagnostic of ASFV for point-of-care testing (POCT) applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqi Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muchu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmei Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianshen Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lai Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoyuan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaixi Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyao Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangchun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xianting Ding
| | - He Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- He Meng
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhuang L, Yang J, Song C, Sun L, Zhao B, Shen Q, Ren X, Shi H, Zhang Y, Zhu M. Accurate, rapid and highly sensitive detection of African swine fever virus via graphene oxide-based accelerated strand exchange amplification. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2072-2082. [PMID: 35546107 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00610c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
African swine fever is an acute, severe and highly contagious infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), posing a huge threat to the global swine industry. Rapid and accurate diagnostic methods are of great significance for the effective prevention and control of ASFV transmission. In this work, we established and evaluated a graphene oxide-based accelerated strand exchange amplification (GO-ASEA) method for rapid, highly sensitive, and quantitative detection of ASFV. The use of GO provided a novel solution reference for improving the specificity of strand exchange amplification and solving the potential false positive problem caused by primer dimers. The detection limit of the GO-ASEA assay was 5.8 × 10-1 copies per μL of ASFV (equal to 2.9 copies per reaction) or 5.8 × 100 copies per μL of ASFV in spiked swine nasal swabs. The selectivity of the GO-ASEA assay was supported by the ASFV DNA reference material and another seven porcine-derived viruses with similar clinical symptoms. The GO-ASEA assay took only about 29 minutes and was validated with 6 inactivated specimens and 52 swine nasal swabs, showing excellent clinical applicability. The novel assay is an accurate and practical method for rapid, highly sensitive detection of ASFV, and can potentially serve as a robust tool in epidemic prevention and point-of-care diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhuang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
| | - Jianbo Yang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Chunlei Song
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Li Sun
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Qiuping Shen
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Xiyan Ren
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Hongjing Shi
- Yangzhou Jianong Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd, Yangzhou 225251, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
| | - Mengling Zhu
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wen X, Xie Q, Li J, Pei Y, Bai Y, Liu F, Cui H, Shao G, Feng Z. Rapid and sensitive detection of African swine fever virus in pork using recombinase aided amplification combined with QDMs-based test strip. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3885-3894. [PMID: 35380231 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the pathogen of African swine fever, a highly contagious and fatal disease of wild boar and domestic pigs. The flow of ASFV through pork products is more concealed, higher risky, and more difficult to prevent and control. Presently, on-site ASFV detection methods in preclinical infected pigs and circulated pork products are lacking. Here, fluorescent test strip-based rapid ASFV detection method in pork was established combined with recombinase aided amplification (RAA) and quantum dot microspheres (QDMs). This method is specific to ASFV with no cross-reactivity to pseudorabies virus (PRV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The method also showed highly sensitivity with a detection limit of 1 copy for ASFV plasmid templates containing B646L gene and 100 copies/g for DNA extracts from clinical pork samples within a short detection time of less than 25 min. Additionally, the method showed 99.17% consistency with real-time PCR in the ASFV detection of 120 clinical pork samples. Overall, the QDMs-based test strip method provides specific, sensitive, rapid, and simple detection of ASFV in pork, which may contribute to maintain the food safety of pork products, and facilitate ASFV traceability and prevention. Rapid and sensitive detection of African swine fever virus in pork by QDMs based test strip assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Qingyun Xie
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanrui Pei
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiying Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Guoqing Shao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Zhixin Feng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zou T, Deng J, Li X, Zhang S, Chen L, Hao L, Zhuang J, Wang H, Zhang G, Ge S, Tian K. Development of a fluorescent probe hydrolysis-insulated isothermal PCR for rapid and sensitive on-site detection of African swine fever virus. Virol Sin 2022; 37:462-464. [PMID: 35257964 PMCID: PMC9243616 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A probe-based insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) assay was developed for rapid and onsite detection of ASFV. The developed iiPCR showed similar sensitivity and specificity with OIE recommended real-time PCR. Blood samples could be directly applied as PCR template in iiPCR without DNA extraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Zou
- Beijing Wantai Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Junhua Deng
- Luoyang Putai Bio-Tech Co. Ltd, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Luoyang Putai Bio-Tech Co. Ltd, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Luoyang Putai Bio-Tech Co. Ltd, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | | | - Heng Wang
- ASFV Regional Reference Laboratory in Guangzhou, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- ASFV Regional Reference Laboratory in Guangzhou, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Kegong Tian
- Luoyang Putai Bio-Tech Co. Ltd, Luoyang, 471003, China; National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, 471003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yin D, Geng R, Lv H, Bao C, Shao H, Ye J, Qian K, Qin A. Development of Real-Time PCR Based on A137R Gene for the Detection of African Swine Fever Virus. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:753967. [PMID: 34912874 PMCID: PMC8666952 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.753967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) can infect domestic pigs and wild boars and causes huge economic losses in global swine industry. Therefore, early diagnosis of ASFV is important for the control and eradication of African swine fever (ASF). In this study, a SYBR Green-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the viral encoded A137R gene was established for the detection of ASFV infection. For the evaluation of the established real-time PCR, 34 clinical samples were assessed by both the A137R gene-based real-time PCR and OIE-recommended TaqMan PCR. The results showed that 85.29% (29/34) were detected by A137R gene-based real-time PCR, but only 79.41% (27/34) positive using OIE-recommended TaqMan PCR. Moreover, no cross-reaction with other common swine pathogens was found in the A137R gene-based real-time PCR. These results demonstrated that the established real-time PCR assay in this study showed better performance than the OIE-recommended method in detecting ASFV from clinical samples, which could be applied for control and eradication programs of ASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yin
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Renhao Geng
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lv
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Bao
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Shao
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Qian
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Aijian Qin
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ji C, Jiang J, Wei Y, Wang Z, Chen Y, Mai Z, Cai M, Qin C, Cai Y, Yi H, Liang G, Lu G, Gong L, Zhang G, Wang H. A Method for the Analysis of African Swine Fever by Viral Metagenomic Sequencing. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:766533. [PMID: 34888376 PMCID: PMC8649765 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.766533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2018, there was an outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) in China, which spread to other provinces in the following 3 years and severely damaged China's pig industry. ASF is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Given that the genome of the African swine fever virus is very complex and whole genome information is currently inadequate, it is important to efficiently obtain virus genome sequences for genomic and epidemiological studies. The prevalent ASFV strains have low genetic variability; therefore, whole genome sequencing analysis provides a basis for the study of ASFV. We provide a method for the efficient sequencing of whole genomes, which requires only a small number of tissues. The database construction method was selected according to the genomic types of ASFV, and the whole ASFV genome was obtained through data filtering, host sequence removal, virus classification, data assembly, virus sequence identification, statistical analysis, gene prediction, and functional analysis. Our proposed method will facilitate ASFV genome sequencing and novel virus discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ChiHai Ji
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Kingkey Smart Agriculture Times Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - JingZhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - YingFang Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Kingkey Smart Agriculture Times Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZhiYuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - YongJie Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Kingkey Smart Agriculture Times Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZhanZhuo Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - MengKai Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Meizhou Vocational and Technical College, Meizhou, China
| | - ChenXiao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - HeYou Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - GuiHong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Kingkey Smart Agriculture Times Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Kingkey Smart Agriculture Times Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Turčinavičienė J, Petrašiūnas A, Bernotienė R, Masiulis M, Jonušaitis V. The contribution of insects to African swine fever virus dispersal: data from domestic pig farms in Lithuania. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 35:484-489. [PMID: 33314280 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of African Swine Fever (ASF) in domestic pig farms in Lithuania typically begin in June and are detected through October, suggesting that insects might be involved in the transmission of the virus. Entomological collecting was performed to obtain two data sets: from farms with ASF outbreaks, and from farms without ASF outbreaks but in an ASF-infected area. Target insects from the families Muscidae, Calliphoridae and Tabanidae were analysed for the presence of ASF Virus (ASFV) DNA. Musca domestica L., Calliphoridae flies and Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) collected by entomological net during ASF outbreaks were confirmed to be ASFV positive. Viral DNA detected in insects collected by Nzi traps from farms with no ASFV outbreaks indicate that Culex, Lucilia, M. domestica and S. calcitrans are likely to play a role in spreading the ASFV mechanically. This finding could suggest contamination from outside of the farms: from infected wild boar or their carcasses. The role of Stomoxys flies as mechanical vectors could be accidental, because we did not find a significant correlation between the activity of S. calcitrans and the number of ASF outbreaks in pig farms, whereas temperatures positively correlated to the number of ASF outbreaks during 2018-2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Turčinavičienė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - A Petrašiūnas
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - R Bernotienė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - M Masiulis
- Emergency Response Department, State Food and Veterinary Service, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - V Jonušaitis
- Emergency Response Department, State Food and Veterinary Service, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sauter-Louis C, Conraths FJ, Probst C, Blohm U, Schulz K, Sehl J, Fischer M, Forth JH, Zani L, Depner K, Mettenleiter TC, Beer M, Blome S. African Swine Fever in Wild Boar in Europe-A Review. Viruses 2021; 13:1717. [PMID: 34578300 PMCID: PMC8472013 DOI: 10.3390/v13091717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of genotype II African swine fever (ASF) virus, presumably from Africa into Georgia in 2007, and its continuous spread through Europe and Asia as a panzootic disease of suids, continues to have a huge socio-economic impact. ASF is characterized by hemorrhagic fever leading to a high case/fatality ratio in pigs. In Europe, wild boar are especially affected. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge on ASF in wild boar in Europe. The current ASF panzootic is characterized by self-sustaining cycles of infection in the wild boar population. Spill-over and spill-back events occur from wild boar to domestic pigs and vice versa. The social structure of wild boar populations and the spatial behavior of the animals, a variety of ASF virus (ASFV) transmission mechanisms and persistence in the environment complicate the modeling of the disease. Control measures focus on the detection and removal of wild boar carcasses, in which ASFV can remain infectious for months. Further measures include the reduction in wild boar density and the limitation of wild boar movements through fences. Using these measures, the Czech Republic and Belgium succeeded in eliminating ASF in their territories, while the disease spread in others. So far, no vaccine is available to protect wild boar or domestic pigs reliably against ASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carola Sauter-Louis
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (F.J.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Franz J. Conraths
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (F.J.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Carolina Probst
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (F.J.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Ulrike Blohm
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Immunology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany;
| | - Katja Schulz
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (F.J.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Julia Sehl
- Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany;
| | - Melina Fischer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.F.); (J.H.F.); (M.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Jan Hendrik Forth
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.F.); (J.H.F.); (M.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Laura Zani
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (L.Z.); (K.D.)
| | - Klaus Depner
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (L.Z.); (K.D.)
| | - Thomas C. Mettenleiter
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany;
| | - Martin Beer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.F.); (J.H.F.); (M.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Sandra Blome
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.F.); (J.H.F.); (M.B.); (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang Y, Dai J, Liu Y, Yang J, Hou Q, Ou Y, Ding Y, Ma B, Chen H, Li M, Sun Y, Zheng H, Zhang K, Wubshet AK, Zaberezhny AD, Aliper TI, Tarasiuk K, Pejsak Z, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Development of a Potential Penside Colorimetric LAMP Assay Using Neutral Red for Detection of African Swine Fever Virus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:609821. [PMID: 33967972 PMCID: PMC8102904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.609821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) has caused huge economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Since there is no commercial ASF vaccine available, an early diagnosis is extremely important to prevent and control the disease. In this study, ASF virus (ASFV) capsid protein-encoding gene (p72) was selected and used to design primers for establishing a one-step visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay with neutral red, a pH-sensitive dye, as the color shift indicator. Neutral red exhibited a sharp contrast of color change from faint orange (negative) to pink (positive) during LAMP for detection of ASFV. The designed primer set targeting highly conserved region of the p72 gene was highly specific to ASFV and showed no cross-reactivity with other swine viruses. The detection limit for the one-step visual LAMP developed was 10 copies/reaction based on the recombinant plasmid containing the p72 gene of ASFV. More importantly, the developed one-step visual LAMP showed high consistency with the results of the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method recommended by World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the colorimetric detection with this LAMP assay could be directly applied for the whole blood and serum samples without requiring genome extraction. Based on our results, the developed one-step visual LAMP assay is a promising penside diagnostic tool for development of early and cost-effective ASF monitoring program that would greatly contribute to the prevention and control of ASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junfei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunwen Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaozhong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haotai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - MiaoMiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ashenafi Kiros Wubshet
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Basic and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Alexei D Zaberezhny
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Biological Industry (VNITIBP), Moscow, Russia
| | - Taras I Aliper
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center VIEV", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Zygmunt Pejsak
- University Center of Veterinary Medicine JU-AU, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Development of Diagnostic Tests Provides Technical Support for the Control of African Swine Fever. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040343. [PMID: 33918128 PMCID: PMC8067252 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever is a highly contagious global disease caused by the African swine fever virus. Since African swine fever (ASF) was introduced to Georgia in 2007, it has spread to many Eurasian countries at an extremely fast speed. It has recently spread to China and other major pig-producing countries in southeast Asia, threatening global pork production and food security. As there is no available vaccine at present, prevention and control must be carried out based on early detection and strict biosecurity measures. Early detection should be based on the rapid identification of the disease on the spot, followed by laboratory diagnosis, which is essential for disease control. In this review, we introduced the prevalence, transmission routes, eradication control strategies, and diagnostic methods of ASF. We reviewed the various methods of diagnosing ASF, focusing on their technical characteristics and clinical test results. Finally, we give some prospects for improving the diagnosis strategy in the future.
Collapse
|
23
|
Swift and Reliable "Easy Lab" Methods for the Sensitive Molecular Detection of African Swine Fever Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052307. [PMID: 33669073 PMCID: PMC7956467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs and wild boars. The disease is notifiable to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and is responsible for high mortality and serious economic losses. PCR and real-time PCR (qPCR) are the OIE-recommended standard methods for the direct detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) DNA. The aim of our work was the simplification and standardization of the molecular diagnostic workflow in the lab. For validation of this “easy lab” workflow, different sample materials from animal trials were collected and analyzed (EDTA blood, serum, oral swabs, chewing ropes, and tissue samples) to identify the optimal sample material for diagnostics in live animals. Based on our data, the EDTA blood samples or bloody tissue samples represent the best specimens for ASFV detection in the early and late phases of infection. The application of prefilled ready-to-use reagents for nucleic acid extraction or the use of a Tissue Lysis Reagent (TLR) delivers simple and reliable alternatives for the release of the ASFV nucleic acids. For the qPCR detection of ASFV, different published and commercial kits were compared. Here, a lyophilized commercial kit shows the best results mainly based on the increased template input. The good results of the “easy lab” strategy could be confirmed by the ASFV detection in field samples from wild boars collected from the 2020 ASFV outbreak in Germany. Appropriate internal control systems for extraction and PCR are key features of the “easy lab” concept and reduce the risk of false-negative and false-positive results. In addition, the use of easy-to-handle machines and software reduces training efforts and the misinterpretation of results. The PCR diagnostics based on the “easy lab” strategy can realize a high sensitivity and specificity comparable to the standard PCR methods and should be especially usable for labs with limited experiences and resources.
Collapse
|
24
|
Development of A Super-Sensitive Diagnostic Method for African Swine Fever Using CRISPR Techniques. Virol Sin 2021; 36:220-230. [PMID: 33411169 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) with clinical symptoms of high fever, hemorrhages and high mortality rate, posing a threat to the global swine industry and food security. Quarantine and control of ASFV is crucial for preventing swine industry from ASFV infection. In this study, a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection method was developed for diagnosing ASF. As a highly sensitive method, RPA-CRISPR can detect even a single copy of ASFV plasmid and genomic DNA by determining fluorescence signal induced by collateral cleavage of CRISPR-lwCas13a (previously known as C2c2) through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and has the same or even higher sensitivity than the traditional qPCR method. A lateral flow strip was developed and used in combination with RPA-CRISPR for ASFV detection with the same level of sensitivity of TaqMan qPCR. Likewise, RPA-CRISPR is capable of distinguishing ASFV genomic DNA from viral DNA/RNA of other porcine viruses without any cross-reactivity. This diagnostic method is also available for diagnosing ASFV clinical DNA samples with coincidence rate of 100% for both ASFV positive and negative samples. RPA-CRISPR has great potential for clinical quarantine of ASFV in swine industry and food security.
Collapse
|
25
|
Li Z, Wei J, Di D, Wang X, Li C, Li B, Qiu Y, Liu K, Gu F, Tong M, Wang S, Wu X, Ma Z. Rapid and accurate detection of African swine fever virus by DNA endonuclease-targeted CRISPR trans reporter assay. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:1413-1419. [PMID: 33201182 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The first case of African swine fever (ASF) outbreak in China was reported in a suburban pig farm in Shenyang in 2018. Since then, the rapid spread and extension of ASF has become the most serious threat for the swine industry. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) is essential to provide effective strategies to control the disease. In this study, we developed a rapid and accurate ASFV-detection method based on the DNA endonuclease-targeted CRISPR trans reporter (DETECTR) assay. By combining recombinase polymerase amplification with CRISPR-Cas12a proteins, the DETECTR assay demonstrated a minimum detection limit of eight copies with no cross reactivity with other swine viruses. Clinical blood samples were detected by DETECTR assay and showed 100% (30/30) agreement with real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. The rapid and accurate detection of ASFV may facilitate timely eradication measures and strict sanitary procedures to control and prevent the spread of ASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianchao Wei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Di Di
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yafeng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Minglong Tong
- Yixing Customs, General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China, Yixing 214206, China
| | - Shuiming Wang
- Yixing Customs, General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China, Yixing 214206, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo Z, Li K, Qiao S, Chen XX, Deng R, Zhang G. Development and evaluation of duplex TaqMan real-time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of wide-type and MGF505-2R gene-deleted African swine fever viruses. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:428. [PMID: 33167979 PMCID: PMC7654620 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background African swine fever (ASF) is the most important disease to the pigs and cause serious economic losses to the countries with large-scale swine production. Vaccines are recognized as the most useful tool to prevent and control ASF virus (ASFV) infection. Currently, the MGF505 and MGF360 gene-deleted ASFVs or combined with CD2v deletion were confirmed to be the most promising vaccine candidates. Thus, it is essential to develop a diagnosis method to discriminate wide-type strain from the vaccines used. Results In this study, we established a duplex TaqMan real-time PCR based on the B646L gene and MGF505-2R gene. The sequence alignment showed that the targeted regions of primers and probes are highly conserved in the genotype II ASFVs. The duplex real-time assay can specifically detect B646L and MGF505-2R gene single or simultaneously without cross-reaction with other porcine viruses tested. The limit of detection was 5.8 copies and 3.0 copies for the standard plasmids containing B646L and MGF505-2R genes, respectively. Clinical samples were tested in parallel by duplex real-time PCR and a commercial ASFV detection kit. The detection results of these two assays against B646L gene were well consistent. Conclusion We successfully developed and evaluated a duplex TaqMan real-time PCR method which can effectively distinguish the wide type and MGF505 gene-deleted ASFVs. It would be a useful tool for the clinical diagnosis and control of ASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- ZhengZhou ZhongDao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiguang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. .,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu H, Shi K, Sun W, Zhao J, Yin Y, Si H, Qu S, Lu W. Development a multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus and atypical porcine pestivirus. J Virol Methods 2020; 287:114006. [PMID: 33127443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.114006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) have caused considerable financial losses to the pig industry worldwide, and it is critical to achieve early and accurate diagnosis of these viruses to control the diseases induced by them. In this study, three pairs of specific primers were designed based on the highly conserved genome regions of these viruses, and a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay for ASFV, CSFV and APPV was established after various reaction conditions were optimized. The mRT-PCR assay consisted of two steps, that is, reverse transcription (RT) and mPCR. The assay was highly specific, sensitive, and reproducible for ASFV, CSFV and APPV without cross-reaction with other swine pathogens. The sensitivity of this assay, which used purified plasmid constructs containing specific viral target fragments as templates, was 6.34 × 102 copies/μL for ASFV and 6.34 × 101 copies/μL for both CSFV and APPV. A total of 384 clinical samples from piglets suspected to be infected in Guangxi Province, Southern China, during 2018-2019 were analyzed by the established mRT-PCR method. The results showed that the positive rates of ASFV, CSFV and APPV were 43.75 %, 13.28 % and 4.17 %, respectively, and the coinfection rates of ASFV/CSFV, ASFV/APPV and CSFV/APPV were 5.47 %, 1.83 % and 1.30 %, respectively. To understand the epidemiological characteristics of APPV, the newly discovered virus, in Guangxi Province, the clinical samples from APPV-positive animals were selected randomly for amplification and sequencing, and the complete genomic sequences of four APPV strains were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that APPV strains from Guangxi Province had a high degree of genetic diversity. This study provides an important tool for rapid detection and accurate diagnosis of ASFV, CSFV and APPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Kaichuang Shi
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Yanwen Yin
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Sujie Qu
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Wenjun Lu
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhu YS, Shao N, Chen JW, Qi WB, Li Y, Liu P, Chen YJ, Bian SY, Zhang Y, Tao SC. Multiplex and visual detection of African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) based on Hive-Chip and direct loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1140:30-40. [PMID: 33218487 PMCID: PMC7542229 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever is caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), and has a mortality rate approaching 100%. It has already caused tremendous economy lost around the world. Without effective vaccine, rapid and accurate on-site detection plays an indispensable role in controlling outbreaks. Herein, by combining Hive-Chip and direct loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), we establish a multiplex and visual detection platform. LAMP primers targeting five ASFV genes (B646L, B962L, C717R, D1133L, and G1340L) were designed and pre-fixed in Hive-Chip. On-chip LAMP showed the limits of detection (LOD) of ASFV synthetic DNAs and mock samples are 30 and 50 copies per microliter, respectively, and there is no cross-reaction among the target genes. The overall performance of our platform is comparable to that of the commercial kits. From sample preparation to results readout, the entire process takes less than 70 min. Multiplex detection of real samples of ASFV and other swine viruses further demonstrates the high sensitivity and specificity of Hive-Chip. Overall, our platform provides a promising option for on-site, fast and accurate detection of ASFV. Hive-Chip firstly realized simultaneous detection of multiple genes of ASFV, largely avoiding false-negative results. Without nucleic acid extraction, direct LAMP was firstly incorporated into the Hive-Chip for visual detection. Because very little operation and no complicate instrument is required, on-site detection is possible for this platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Shou Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ning Shao
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian-Wei Chen
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wen-Bao Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yang Li
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | | | | | - Yan Zhang
- CapitalBio Corporation, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Sheng-Ce Tao
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Perfect Diagnosis Biotechnolgoy (ZhenCe) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200240, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bao M, Jensen E, Chang Y, Korensky G, Du K. Magnetic Bead-Quantum Dot (MB-Qdot) Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat Assay for Simple Viral DNA Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:43435-43443. [PMID: 32886473 PMCID: PMC7500431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel detection system that couples clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas recognition of target sequences, Cas-mediated nucleic acid probe cleavage, and quantum dots as highly sensitive reporter molecules for simple detection of viral nucleic acid targets. After target recognition and Cas-mediated cleavage of biotinylated ssDNA probe molecules, the probe molecules are bound to magnetic beads. A complementary ssDNA oligonucleotide quantum dot conjugate is then added, which only hybridizes to uncleaved probes on the magnetic beads. After separating hybridized quantum dots, the collected supernatant is illuminated by a portable ultraviolet flashlight, and it provides a simple "Yes-or-No" nucleic acid detection answer. By using a DNA target matching part of the African swine fever virus, detection limits of ∼0.5 and ∼1.25 nM are achieved in buffer and porcine plasma, respectively. The positive samples are readily confirmed by visual inspection, completely avoiding the need for complicated devices and instruments. This work establishes the feasibility of a simple assay for nucleic acid screening in both hospitals and point-of-care settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Bao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Erik Jensen
- HJ Science &
Technology Inc., Berkeley, California 94710,
United States
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Grant Korensky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Department of Microsystems Engineering,
Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang H, Zhang L, Shang Y, Tan R, Ji M, Yue X, Wang N, Liu J, Wang C, Li Y, Zhou T. Emergence and evolution of highly pathogenic porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by natural recombination of a low pathogenic vaccine isolate and a highly pathogenic strain in the spike gene. Virus Evol 2020; 6:veaa049. [PMID: 32913664 PMCID: PMC7474927 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of a new variant of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) at the end of 2010 have raised interest in the mutation and recombination of PEDV. A PEDV strain (CN/Liaoning25/2018) isolated from a clinical outbreak of piglet diarrhea contained a 49-bp deletion in the ORF3 gene. This deletion is considered a genetic characteristic of low pathogenic attenuated vaccine strains. However, CN/Liaoning25/2018 was highly pathogenic. Complete genome sequencing, identity analysis, phylogenetic tree construction, and recombination analysis showed that this virus was a recombinant strain containing the Spike (S) gene from the highly pathogenic CN/GDZQ/2014 strain and the remaining genomic regions from the low pathogenic vaccine isolate SQ2014. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry results confirmed that this strain was highly pathogenic and indicated that intestinal epithelial cell vacuolation was positively correlated with the intensity and density of PEDV antigens. A new natural recombination model for PEDV was identified. Our results suggest that new highly pathogenic recombinant strains in the field may be generated by recombination between low pathogenic attenuated live PEDV vaccines and pathogenic circulating PEDV strains. Our findings also highlight that the 49-bp deletion of the ORF3 gene in low pathogenic attenuated vaccine strains will no longer be a reliable standard to differentiate the classical vaccine attenuated from the field strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Yuanbin Shang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Rongrong Tan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingxiang Ji
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Xinliang Yue
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Beijing Institude of Feed Conrrol, Beijing 100107, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Tiezhong Zhou
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zeng D, Qian B, Zhao K, Qian Y, Chen W, Su J, Ren J, Tang F, Xue F, Li J, Jiang Y, Wu X, Dai J. Rapid on-site detection of African swine fever virus using polymerase chain reaction with a lateral flow strip. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
32
|
Wang Y, Xu L, Noll L, Stoy C, Porter E, Fu J, Feng Y, Peddireddi L, Liu X, Dodd KA, Jia W, Bai J. Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of African swine fever virus with an endogenous internal control. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:2446-2454. [PMID: 32306531 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Real-time PCR assays are highly sensitive, specific and rapid techniques for the identification of ASF virus (ASFV) (Section 3.8, OIE Terrestrial Manual, 2019). Although an ASFV p72 gene-based real-time PCR assay (a.k.a. the Zsak assay) (Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2005, 43, 112) has been widely used for ASFV detection, several more ASFV whole genome sequences have become available in the 15 years since the design of the Zsak assay. In this study, we developed a new ASFV p72 gene-based real-time PCR after analysis of all currently available sequences of the p72 gene and multiplexed the new assay with a modified Zsak assay aiming to have a broader coverage of ASFV strain/isolates. To reduce false-negative detections, porcine house-keeping gene, beta actin (ACTB), was applied as an internal control. Eight ACTB sequences from the GenBank and 61 partial ACTB sequences generated in this study, and 1,012 p72 sequences from the GenBank and 23 p72 sequences generated at FADDL, were used for ACTB and ASFV primer and probe designs, respectively, to ensure broader host and ASFV coverage. Multiplexing ACTB in the reaction did not affect ASFV amplification. The multiplex assay was evaluated for strain/isolate coverage, sensitivity and specificity. The in silico analysis showed high ASFV strain/isolate coverage: 98.4% (978/994) of all p72 sequences currently available. The limit of detection (LOD) was 6 plasmid copies or 0.1-1 TCID50 /ml of ASFV isolates per reaction. Only targeted ASFV isolates and the viruses in the positive clinical samples were detected, indicating that the assay is highly specific (100% specificity). The test results of 26 ASFV isolates with different country origins showed that this newly developed multiplex assay performed better than the Zsak assay that has been widely accepted and used worldwide, indicating that it may be used as an alternative assay for ASFV detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Lizhe Xu
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, VS, APHIS, USDA, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Lance Noll
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Colin Stoy
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Elizabeth Porter
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Jinping Fu
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Lalitha Peddireddi
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Xuming Liu
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kimberly A Dodd
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, VS, APHIS, USDA, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Wei Jia
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, VS, APHIS, USDA, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, USA
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lin Y, Cao C, Shi W, Huang C, Zeng S, Sun J, Wu J, Hua Q. Development of a triplex real-time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of gene-deleted and wild-type African swine fever virus. J Virol Methods 2020; 280:113875. [PMID: 32333943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease of domestic and wild pigs, caused by ASF virus (ASFV). In this study, a triplex real-time PCR assay was developed to detect and differentiate the gene-deleted and wild-type ASFV strains. Three pairs of primers and probes were designed to target the conserved region of B646L gene (p72), MGF_360-14L gene (located in the middle of MGF360-505R gene) and CD2v gene, respectively. Gene-deleted (with MGF360-505R and / or CD2v genes deletion) and wild-type ASFV strains were detected specifically and simultaneously by the assay developed without cross-reactions with other nucleic acids of PCV-2, CSFV, PRRSV, FMDV or SVA. The detection limits of the triplex rPCR were 7.9 copies, 9.7 copies, and 9.6 copies of standard plasmid DNA containing B646L gene, MGF_360-14L gene and CD2v gene, respectively. A total of 1215 field samples were tested in parallel by the triplex rPCR and real-time PCR recommended by OIE, and the B646L gene detection results were completely consistent between these two assays. The triplex rPCR assay was successfully developed to identify pigs infected with wild-type ASFV strains or immunized with the ASFV gene-deleted vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxing Lin
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Chenfu Cao
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Weijun Shi
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Chaohua Huang
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Shaoling Zeng
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China
| | - Qunyi Hua
- Inspection and Quarantine Center for Animals and Plants, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
He Q, Yu D, Bao M, Korensky G, Chen J, Shin M, Kim J, Park M, Qin P, Du K. High-throughput and all-solution phase African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) detection using CRISPR-Cas12a and fluorescence based point-of-care system. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 154:112068. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
35
|
Kading RC, Abworo EO, Hamer GL. Rift Valley Fever Virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, and African Swine Fever Virus: Three Transboundary, Vector-Borne, Veterinary Biothreats With Diverse Surveillance, and Response Capacity Needs. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:458. [PMID: 31921916 PMCID: PMC6923192 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of emerging foreign animal diseases is critical to pathogen surveillance and control programs. Rift valley fever virus (RVFV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and African swine fever virus (ASFV) represent three taxonomically and ecologically diverse vector-borne viruses with the potential to be introduced to the United States. To promote preparedness for such an event, we reviewed the current surveillance strategies and diagnostic tools in practice around the world for these emerging viruses, and summarized key points pertaining to the availability of existing guidelines and strategic approaches for early detection, surveillance, and disease management activities. We compare and contrast the surveillance and management approaches of these three diverse agents of disease as case studies to emphasize the importance of the ecological context and biology of vectors and vertebrate hosts. The information presented in this review will inform stakeholders of the current state of surveillance approaches against these transboundary foreign animal disease which threaten the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah C Kading
- Arthropod-Borne Infectious Disease Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | - Gabriel L Hamer
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ye X, Li L, Li J, Wu X, Fang X, Kong J. Microfluidic-CFPA Chip for the Point-of-Care Detection of African Swine Fever Virus with a Median Time to Threshold in about 10 min. ACS Sens 2019; 4:3066-3071. [PMID: 31602971 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of African swine fever has brought serious public safety problems to the world, and there is a need for reliable diagnostic tools to prevent and control the epidemic. Here, we successfully established a portable microfluidic-circular fluorescent probe-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification (CFPA) system for the rapid, high-throughput, accurate, and sensitive detection of African swine fever virus at point-of-care settings. This detection system has a detection limit of 10 copies/μL, good stability (C.V. < 5%), and 92.73% sensitivity, and 100% specificity when tested on 220 pig samples collected for the diagnosis of African swine fever virus, with a median time to threshold of 10.8 min. This novel integrated diagnostic tool is urgently needed and has promising applications for the monitoring and control of African swine fever epidemics worldwide and, in particular, the serious outbreak in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, 369 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266032, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Technical Center for Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai Customs District, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, 369 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266032, P. R. China
| | - Xueen Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang A, Jia R, Liu Y, Zhou J, Qi Y, Chen Y, Liu D, Zhao J, Shi H, Zhang J, Zhang G. Development of a novel quantitative real-time PCR assay with lyophilized powder reagent to detect African swine fever virus in blood samples of domestic pigs in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 67:284-297. [PMID: 31483566 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating disease, which is causing huge economic losses in China. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a rapid, highly specific and sensitive diagnostic method for the detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV), the ASF infectious agent. In this study, a novel quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay with lyophilized powder reagents (LPR), targeting the major structural protein p72 gene, was established for the detection of ASFV. This assay had many advantages, such as saving time and money, good sensitivity and repeatability. The sensitivity of this assay was 100 copies/μl of ASFV plasmid templates, and the assay showed 10-fold greater sensitivity than a qPCR assay recommended by OIE. Furthermore, specificity analysis showed that qPCR with LPR for ASFV had no cross-reactivity with other important swine pathogens. In clinical diagnoses of 218 blood samples of domestic pigs in China, the positive rate of the diagnosis of ASFV by qPCR with the LPR and commercial kit reached 80.73% (176/218) and 76.61% (167/218) respectively. The coincidence rate between the two assays is 92.20% (201/218), and kappa value is 0.768 (p < .0001) by SPSS analysis. The overall agreement between the two assays was 95.87% (209/218). Further Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the two assays with an R2 value of 0.9438. The entire procedure, from specimen processing to result reporting, can be completed within 2 hr. Our results demonstrated that the qPCR-LPR assay is a good laboratory diagnostic tool for sensitive and efficient detection of ASFV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Zhongze Biological Engineering Co. LTD, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingming Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Henan Zhongze Biological Engineering Co. LTD, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Henan Zhongze Biological Engineering Co. LTD, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haining Shi
- Henan Zhongze Biological Engineering Co. LTD, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhao D, Liu R, Zhang X, Li F, Wang J, Zhang J, Liu X, Wang L, Zhang J, Wu X, Guan Y, Chen W, Wang X, He X, Bu Z. Replication and virulence in pigs of the first African swine fever virus isolated in China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:438-447. [PMID: 30898043 PMCID: PMC6455124 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1590128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) entered China in August 2018 and rapidly spread across the entire country, severely threatening the Chinese domestic pig population, which accounts for more than 50% of the pig population worldwide. In this study, an ASFV isolate, Pig/Heilongjiang/2018 (Pig/HLJ/18), was isolated in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) from a pig sample from an ASF outbreak farm. The isolate was characterized by using the haemadsorption (HAD) test, Western blotting and immunofluorescence, and electronic microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral p72 gene revealed that Pig/HLJ/18 belongs to Genotype II. Infectious titres of virus propagated in primary PAMs and pig marrow macrophages were as high as 107.2 HAD50/ml. Specific-pathogen-free pigs intramuscularly inoculated with different virus dosages at 103.5-106.5 HAD50 showed acute disease with fever and haemorrhagic signs. The incubation periods were 3-5 days for virus-inoculated pigs and 9 days for contact pigs. All virus-inoculated pigs died between 6-9 days post-inoculation (p.i.), and the contact pigs died between 13-14 days post-contact (p.c.). Viremia started on day 2 p.i. in inoculated pigs and on day 9 p.c. in contact pigs. Viral genomic DNA started to be detected from oral and rectal swab samples on 2-5 days p.i. in virus-inoculated pigs, and 6-10 days p.c. in contact pigs. These results indicate that Pig/HLJ/18 is highly virulent and transmissible in domestic pigs. Our study demonstrates the threat of ASFV and emphasizes the need to control and eradicate ASF in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Renqiang Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfeng Zhang
- b National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfei Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaoer Zhang
- b National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhou Wu
- b National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntao Guan
- b National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiye Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Xijun Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Xijun He
- b National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin , People's Republic of China.,b National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention , Harbin , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yao M, Zhang X, Gao Y, Song S, Xu D, Yan L. Development and application of multiplex PCR method for simultaneous detection of seven viruses in ducks. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:103. [PMID: 30935399 PMCID: PMC6444421 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major viruses, including duck-origin avian influenza virus, duck-origin Newcastle disease virus, novel duck parvovirus, duck hepatitis A virus, duck Tembusu virus, fowl adenovirus, and duck enteritis virus, pose great harm to ducks and cause enormous economic losses to duck industry. This study aims to establish a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) method for simultaneous detection of these seven viruses. RESULTS Specific primers were designed and synthesized according to the conserved region of seven viral gene sequences. Then, seven recombinant plasmids, as the positive controls, were reconstructed in this study. Within the study, D-optimal design was adopted to optimize PCR parameters. The optimum parameters for m-PCR were annealing temperature at 57 °C, Mg2+ concentration at 4 mM, Taq DNA polymerase concentration at 0.05 U/μL, and dNTP concentration at 0.32 mM. With these optimal parameters, the m-PCR method produced neither cross-reactions among these seven viruses nor nonspecific reactions with other common waterfowl pathogens. The detection limit of m-PCR for each virus was 1 × 104 viral DNA copies/μL. In addition, the m-PCR method could detect a combination of several random viruses in co-infection analysis. Finally, the m-PCR method was successfully applied to clinical samples, and the detection results were consistent with uniplex PCR. CONCLUSION Given its rapidity, specificity, sensitivity, and convenience, the established m-PCR method is feasible for simultaneous detection of seven duck-infecting viruses and can be applied to clinical diagnosis of viral infection in ducks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yunfei Gao
- Nanjing Tianbang Bio-Industry co., LTD, Nanjing, 211102, China
| | - Suquan Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Danning Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agricultural and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Liping Yan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. .,Jiangsu Detection Center of Terrestrial Wildlife Disease, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jia N, Ou Y, Pejsak Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Roles of African Swine Fever Virus Structural Proteins in Viral Infection. J Vet Res 2017; 61:135-143. [PMID: 29978065 PMCID: PMC5894393 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus and the sole member of the Asfarviridae family. ASFV infects domestic pigs, wild boars, warthogs, and bush pigs, as well as soft ticks (Ornithodoros erraticus), which likely act as a vector. The major target is swine monocyte-macrophage cells. The virus can cause high fever, haemorrhagic lesions, cyanosis, anorexia, and even fatalities in domestic pigs. Currently, there is no vaccine and effective disease control strategies against its spread are culling infected pigs and maintaining high biosecurity standards. African swine fever (ASF) spread to Europe from Africa in the middle of the 20th century, and later also to South America and the Caribbean. Since then, ASF has spread more widely and thus is still a great challenge for swine breeding. The genome of ASFV ranges in length from about 170 to 193 kbp depending on the isolate and contains between 150 and 167 open reading frames (ORFs). The ASFV genome encodes 150 to 200 proteins, around 50 of them structural. The roles of virus structural proteins in viral infection have been described. These proteins, such as pp220, pp62, p72, p54, p30, and CD2v, serve as the major component of virus particles and have roles in attachment, entry, and replication. All studies on ASFV proteins lay a good foundation upon which to clarify the infection mechanism and develop vaccines and diagnosis methods. In this paper, the roles of ASFV structural proteins in viral infection are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yunwen Ou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zygmunt Pejsak
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| |
Collapse
|